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if both stdout and stderr are redirected to a non-tty, pledge(2) will kill
ncurses applications, e.g.:

/usr/games/worms 2>&1 | cat

solve this by only calling pledge(2) after initscr(3) is set and done, or
whatever function that calls it. since pledge(2) is called later now the
promises might be reduced, but this a diff for another day.

found by naddy@ almost a year ago, discussed with him deraadt@ and tb@
ok tb@

/*	$OpenBSD: worms.c,v 1.30 2021/10/23 11:22:49 mestre Exp $	*/

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/*
 *
 *	 @@@	    @@@	   @@@@@@@@@@	  @@@@@@@@@@@	 @@@@@@@@@@@@
 *	 @@@	    @@@	  @@@@@@@@@@@@	  @@@@@@@@@@@@	 @@@@@@@@@@@@@
 *	 @@@	    @@@	 @@@@	   @@@@	  @@@@		 @@@@ @@@  @@@@
 *	 @@@   @@   @@@	 @@@	    @@@	  @@@		 @@@  @@@   @@@
 *	 @@@  @@@@  @@@	 @@@	    @@@	  @@@		 @@@  @@@   @@@
 *	 @@@@ @@@@ @@@@	 @@@	    @@@	  @@@		 @@@  @@@   @@@
 *	  @@@@@@@@@@@@	 @@@@	   @@@@	  @@@		 @@@  @@@   @@@
 *	   @@@@	 @@@@	  @@@@@@@@@@@@	  @@@		 @@@  @@@   @@@
 *	    @@	  @@	   @@@@@@@@@@	  @@@		 @@@  @@@   @@@
 *
 *				 Eric P. Scott
 *			  Caltech High Energy Physics
 *				 October, 1980
 *
 */
#include <curses.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <unistd.h>

static const struct options {
	int nopts;
	int opts[3];
}
	normal[8] = {
	{ 3, { 7, 0, 1 } },
	{ 3, { 0, 1, 2 } },
	{ 3, { 1, 2, 3 } },
	{ 3, { 2, 3, 4 } },
	{ 3, { 3, 4, 5 } },
	{ 3, { 4, 5, 6 } },
	{ 3, { 5, 6, 7 } },
	{ 3, { 6, 7, 0 } }
},	upper[8] = {
	{ 1, { 1, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 1, 2, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 4, 5, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 5, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 1, 5, 0 } }
},
	left[8] = {
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 2, 3, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 3, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 3, 7, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 7, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 7, 0, 0 } }
},
	right[8] = {
	{ 1, { 7, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 3, 7, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 3, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 3, 4, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 6, 7, 0 } }
},
	lower[8] = {
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 0, 1, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 1, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 1, 5, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 5, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 5, 6, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } }
},
	upleft[8] = {
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 3, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 1, 3, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 1, 0, 0 } }
},
	upright[8] = {
	{ 2, { 3, 5, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 3, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 5, 0, 0 } }
},
	lowleft[8] = {
	{ 3, { 7, 0, 1 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 1, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 1, 7, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 7, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } }
},
	lowright[8] = {
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 7, 0, 0 } },
	{ 2, { 5, 7, 0 } },
	{ 1, { 5, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } },
	{ 0, { 0, 0, 0 } }
};

static const char	flavor[] = {
	'O', '*', '#', '$', '%', '0', '@', '~'
};
static const short	xinc[] = {
	1,  1,  1,  0, -1, -1, -1,  0
}, yinc[] = {
	-1,  0,  1,  1,  1,  0, -1, -1
};
static struct	worm {
	int orientation, head;
	short *xpos, *ypos;
} *worm;

volatile sig_atomic_t sig_caught = 0;

void	 nomem(void);
void	 onsig(int);

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int x, y, h, n;
	struct worm *w;
	const struct options *op;
	short *ip;
	int CO, LI, last, bottom, ch, length, number, trail;
	short **ref;
	const char *field, *errstr;
	struct timespec sleeptime;
	struct termios term;
	speed_t speed;
	time_t delay = 0;

	/* set default delay based on terminal baud rate */
	if (tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &term) == 0 &&
	    (speed = cfgetospeed(&term)) > B9600)
		delay = (speed / B9600) - 1;

	length = 16;
	number = 3;
	trail = ' ';
	field = NULL;
	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "d:fhl:n:t")) != -1)
		switch(ch) {
		case 'd':
			delay = (time_t)strtonum(optarg, 0, 1000, &errstr);
			if (errstr)
				errx(1, "delay (0-1000) is %s: %s", errstr,
				    optarg);
			break;
		case 'f':
			field = "WORM";
			break;
		case 'l':
			length = strtonum(optarg, 2, 1024, &errstr);
			if (errstr)
				errx(1, "length (2-1024) is %s: %s", errstr,
				    optarg);
			break;
		case 'n':
			number = strtonum(optarg, 1, 100, &errstr);
			if (errstr)
				errx(1, "number of worms (1-100) is %s: %s",
				    errstr, optarg);
			break;
		case 't':
			trail = '.';
			break;
		case 'h':
		default:
			(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-ft] [-d delay] "
			    "[-l length] [-n number]\n", getprogname());
			return 1;
		}

	/* Convert delay from ms -> ns */
	sleeptime.tv_sec = 0;
	sleeptime.tv_nsec = delay * 500000;
	timespecadd(&sleeptime, &sleeptime, &sleeptime);

	if (!(worm = calloc(number, sizeof(struct worm))))
		nomem();
	initscr();

	if (pledge("stdio tty", NULL) == -1)
		err(1, "pledge");

	curs_set(0);
	CO = COLS;
	LI = LINES;
	last = CO - 1;
	bottom = LI - 1;
	if (!(ip = reallocarray(NULL, LI, CO * sizeof(short))) ||
	    !(ref = calloc(LI, sizeof(short *)))) {
		endwin();
		nomem();
	}
	for (n = 0; n < LI; ++n) {
		ref[n] = ip;
		ip += CO;
	}
	for (ip = ref[0], n = LI * CO; --n >= 0;)
		*ip++ = 0;
	for (n = number, w = &worm[0]; --n >= 0; w++) {
		w->orientation = w->head = 0;
		if (!(ip = calloc(length, sizeof(short)))) {
			endwin();
			nomem();
		}
		w->xpos = ip;
		for (x = length; --x >= 0;)
			*ip++ = -1;
		if (!(ip = calloc(length, sizeof(short)))) {
			endwin();
			nomem();
		}
		w->ypos = ip;
		for (y = length; --y >= 0;)
			*ip++ = -1;
	}

	(void)signal(SIGHUP, onsig);
	(void)signal(SIGINT, onsig);
	(void)signal(SIGQUIT, onsig);
	(void)signal(SIGSTOP, onsig);
	(void)signal(SIGTSTP, onsig);
	(void)signal(SIGTERM, onsig);

	if (field) {
		const char *p = field;

		for (y = LI; --y >= 0;) {
			for (x = CO; --x >= 0;) {
				addch(*p++);
				if (!*p)
					p = field;
			}
			refresh();
		}
	}
	for (;;) {
		refresh();
		if (sig_caught) {
			endwin();
			return 0;
		}
		nanosleep(&sleeptime, NULL);
		for (n = 0, w = &worm[0]; n < number; n++, w++) {
			if ((x = w->xpos[h = w->head]) < 0) {
				mvaddch(y = w->ypos[h] = bottom,
				    x = w->xpos[h] = 0,
				    flavor[n % sizeof(flavor)]);
				ref[y][x]++;
			}
			else
				y = w->ypos[h];
			if (++h == length)
				h = 0;
			if (w->xpos[w->head = h] >= 0) {
				int x1, y1;

				x1 = w->xpos[h];
				y1 = w->ypos[h];
				if (--ref[y1][x1] == 0)
					mvaddch(y1, x1, trail);
			}

			if (x == 0) {
				if (y == 0)
					op = &upleft[w->orientation];
				else if (y == bottom)
					op = &lowleft[w->orientation];
				else
					op = &left[w->orientation];
			} else if (x == last) {
				if (y == 0)
					op = &upright[w->orientation];
				else if (y == bottom)
					op = &lowright[w->orientation];
				else
					op = &right[w->orientation];
			} else {
				if (y == 0)
					op = &upper[w->orientation];
				else if (y == bottom)
					op = &lower[w->orientation];
				else
					op = &normal[w->orientation];
			}

			switch (op->nopts) {
			case 0:
				endwin();
				return(1);
			case 1:
				w->orientation = op->opts[0];
				break;
			default:
				w->orientation =
				    op->opts[arc4random_uniform(op->nopts)];
			}
			mvaddch(y += yinc[w->orientation],
			    x += xinc[w->orientation],
			    flavor[n % sizeof(flavor)]);
			ref[w->ypos[h] = y][w->xpos[h] = x]++;
		}
	}
}

void
onsig(int signo)
{
	sig_caught = 1;
}

void
nomem(void)
{
	errx(1, "not enough memory.");
}