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Revision 1.14, Wed May 5 11:49:17 2021 UTC (3 years ago) by sthen
Branch: MAIN
CVS Tags: OPENBSD_7_5_BASE, OPENBSD_7_5, OPENBSD_7_4_BASE, OPENBSD_7_4, OPENBSD_7_3_BASE, OPENBSD_7_3, OPENBSD_7_2_BASE, OPENBSD_7_2, OPENBSD_7_1_BASE, OPENBSD_7_1, OPENBSD_7_0_BASE, OPENBSD_7_0, HEAD
Changes since 1.13: +16 -2 lines

slight tidy-up of /etc/services:

- remove a few UDP entries for protocols that are TCP-only

- drop some obsolete protocols

- move smtps/465 to the standards section (rfc8314)

- move the talk about IANA's "reserve for both UDP/TCP even when you only
use one" policy from a comment in /etc/services to the manual, and talk
about how an entry in /etc/services prevents the associated port from
being used for dynamic ports (via net.inet.udp|tcp.baddynamic sysctl).

ok phessler@ florian@

.\"	$OpenBSD: services.5,v 1.14 2021/05/05 11:49:17 sthen Exp $
.\"	$NetBSD: services.5,v 1.3 1994/11/30 19:31:31 jtc Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\"     @(#)services.5	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
.\"
.Dd $Mdocdate: May 5 2021 $
.Dt SERVICES 5
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm services
.Nd service name database
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
file contains information regarding the known services available in the
Internet.
For each service, a single line should be present with the
following information:
.Bd -unfilled -offset indent
official service name
port number
protocol name
aliases
.Ed
.Pp
Items are separated by any number of blanks and/or tab characters.
The port number and protocol name are considered a single item; a slash
.Pq Ql /
is used to separate the port and protocol (e.g.,
.Dq 512/tcp ) .
.Pp
A hash mark
.Pq Ql #
indicates the beginning of a comment; subsequent characters up to the
end of the line are not interpreted by the routines which search the file.
.Pp
Service names may contain any printable character other than a
field delimiter, newline, or comment character.
.Pp
To protect service ports from being used for dynamic port assignment,
.Xr rc 8
reads
.Nm
at boot and uses the contents to populate
.Va net.inet.tcp.baddynamic
and
.Va net.inet.udp.baddynamic .
.Pp
While it is the policy of IANA to assign a single well-known port number
for both TCP and UDP, to avoid reducing the dynamic port range unnecessarily,
the unused entries are not always listed in
.Nm .
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /etc/services -compact
.It Pa /etc/services
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr getservent 3
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
file format appeared in
.Bx 4.2 .
.Sh BUGS
A name server should be used instead of a static file.
Lines in
.Pa /etc/services
are limited to
.Dv BUFSIZ
characters (currently 1024).
Longer lines will be ignored.