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rcsid[] and sccsid[] and copyright[] are essentially unmaintained (and
unmaintainable).  these days, people use source.  these id's do not provide
any benefit, and do hurt the small install media
(the 33,000 line diff is essentially mechanical)
ok with the idea millert, ok dms

/*	$OpenBSD: apply.c,v 1.24 2009/10/27 23:59:35 deraadt Exp $	*/
/*	$NetBSD: apply.c,v 1.3 1995/03/25 03:38:23 glass Exp $	*/

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1994
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * Jan-Simon Pendry.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/wait.h>

#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

void	usage(void);
int	mysystem(const char *);

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int ch, clen, debug, i, l, magic, n, nargs, rval;
	char *c, *c2, *cmd, *p, *q;
	size_t len;

	debug = 0;
	magic = '%';		/* Default magic char is `%'. */
	nargs = -1;
	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "a:d0123456789")) != -1)
		switch (ch) {
		case 'a':
			if (optarg[1] != '\0')
				errx(1,
				    "illegal magic character specification.");
			magic = optarg[0];
			break;
		case 'd':
			debug = 1;
			break;
		case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
			if (nargs != -1)
				errx(1,
				    "only one -# argument may be specified.");
			nargs = ch - '0';
			break;
		default:
			usage();
		}
	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	if (argc < 2)
		usage();

	/*
	 * The command to run is argv[0], and the args are argv[1..].
	 * Look for %digit references in the command, remembering the
	 * largest one.
	 */
	for (n = 0, p = argv[0]; *p != '\0'; ++p)
		if (p[0] == magic && isdigit(p[1]) && p[1] != '0') {
			++p;
			if (p[0] - '0' > n)
				n = p[0] - '0';
		}

	/*
	 * If there were any %digit references, then use those, otherwise
	 * build a new command string with sufficient %digit references at
	 * the end to consume (nargs) arguments each time round the loop.
	 * Allocate enough space to hold the maximum command.
	 */
	if (n == 0) {
		len = sizeof("exec ") - 1 +
		    strlen(argv[0]) + 9 * (sizeof(" %1") - 1) + 1;
		if ((cmd = malloc(len)) == NULL)
			err(1, NULL);

		/* If nargs not set, default to a single argument. */
		if (nargs == -1)
			nargs = 1;

		l = snprintf(cmd, len, "exec %s", argv[0]);
		if (l >= len || l == -1)
			errx(1, "error building exec string");
		len -= l;
		p = cmd + l;
		
		for (i = 1; i <= nargs; i++) {
			l = snprintf(p, len, " %c%d", magic, i);
			if (l >= len || l == -1)
				errx(1, "error numbering arguments");
			len -= l;
			p += l;
		}

		/*
		 * If nargs set to the special value 0, eat a single
		 * argument for each command execution.
		 */
		if (nargs == 0)
			nargs = 1;
	} else {
		if (asprintf(&cmd, "exec %s", argv[0]) == -1)
			err(1, NULL);		
		nargs = n;
	}

	/*
	 * Grab some space in which to build the command.  Allocate
	 * as necessary later, but no reason to build it up slowly
	 * for the normal case.
	 */
	if ((c = malloc(clen = 1024)) == NULL)
		err(1, NULL);

	/*
	 * (argc) and (argv) are still offset by one to make it simpler to
	 * expand %digit references.  At the end of the loop check for (argc)
	 * equals 1 means that all the (argv) has been consumed.
	 */
	for (rval = 0; argc > nargs; argc -= nargs, argv += nargs) {
		/*
		 * Find a max value for the command length, and ensure
		 * there's enough space to build it.
		 */
		for (l = strlen(cmd), i = 0; i < nargs; i++)
			l += strlen(argv[i+1]);
		if (l > clen) {
			if ((c2 = realloc(c, l)) == NULL)
				err(1, NULL);
			c = c2;
			clen = l;
		}

		/* Expand command argv references. */
		for (p = cmd, q = c; *p != '\0'; ++p)
			if (p[0] == magic && isdigit(p[1]) && p[1] != '0') {
				strlcpy(q, argv[(++p)[0] - '0'], c + clen - q);
				q += strlen(q);
			} else
				*q++ = *p;

		/* Terminate the command string. */
		*q = '\0';

		/* Run the command. */
		if (debug)
			(void)printf("%s\n", c);
		else
			if (mysystem(c))
				rval = 1;
	}

	if (argc != 1)
		errx(1, "expecting additional argument%s after \"%s\"",
		    (nargs - argc) ? "s" : "", argv[argc - 1]);
	exit(rval);
}

/*
 * system --
 * 	Private version of system(3).  Use the user's SHELL environment
 *	variable as the shell to execute.
 */
int
mysystem(const char *command)
{
	static char *name, *shell;
	pid_t pid;
	int pstat;
	sigset_t mask, omask;
	sig_t intsave, quitsave;

	if (shell == NULL) {
		if ((shell = getenv("SHELL")) == NULL)
			shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
		if ((name = strrchr(shell, '/')) == NULL)
			name = shell;
		else
			++name;
	}
	if (!command)		/* just checking... */
		return(1);

	sigemptyset(&mask);
	sigaddset(&mask, SIGCHLD);
	sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, &omask);
	switch(pid = fork()) {
	case -1:			/* error */
		err(1, "fork");
	case 0:				/* child */
		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &omask, NULL);
		execl(shell, name, "-c", command, (char *)NULL);
		err(1, "%s", shell);
	}
	intsave = signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
	quitsave = signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
	pid = waitpid(pid, &pstat, 0);
	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &omask, NULL);
	(void)signal(SIGINT, intsave);
	(void)signal(SIGQUIT, quitsave);
	return(pid == -1 ? -1 : pstat);
}

void
usage(void)
{
	(void)fprintf(stderr,
	    "usage: apply [-#] [-d] [-a magic] command argument ...\n");
	exit(1);
}