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Annotation of src/usr.bin/awk/FIXES, Revision 1.17

1.17    ! millert     1: /*     $OpenBSD: FIXES,v 1.16 2011/09/28 19:27:18 millert Exp $        */
1.1       tholo       2: /****************************************************************
1.6       kstailey    3: Copyright (C) Lucent Technologies 1997
1.1       tholo       4: All Rights Reserved
                      5:
                      6: Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
                      7: its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby
                      8: granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all
                      9: copies and that both that the copyright notice and this
                     10: permission notice and warranty disclaimer appear in supporting
1.6       kstailey   11: documentation, and that the name Lucent Technologies or any of
                     12: its entities not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining
                     13: to distribution of the software without specific, written prior
                     14: permission.
                     15:
                     16: LUCENT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
                     17: INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.
                     18: IN NO EVENT SHALL LUCENT OR ANY OF ITS ENTITIES BE LIABLE FOR ANY
                     19: SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
                     20: WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
                     21: IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION,
                     22: ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF
                     23: THIS SOFTWARE.
1.1       tholo      24: ****************************************************************/
                     25:
                     26: This file lists all bug fixes, changes, etc., made since the AWK book
                     27: was sent to the printers in August, 1987.
1.17    ! millert    28:
        !            29: Dec 20, 2012:
        !            30:        fiddled makefile to get correct yacc and bison flags.  pick yacc
        !            31:        (linux) or bison (mac) as necessary.
        !            32:
        !            33:        added  __attribute__((__noreturn__)) to a couple of lines in
        !            34:        proto.h, to silence someone's enthusiastic checker.
        !            35:
        !            36:        fixed obscure call by value bug in split(a[1],a) reported on
        !            37:        9fans.  the management of temporary values is just a mess; i
        !            38:        took a shortcut by making an extra string copy.  thanks
        !            39:        to paul patience and arnold robbins for passing it on and for
        !            40:        proposed patches.
        !            41:
        !            42:        tiny fiddle in setfval to eliminate -0 results in T.expr, which
        !            43:        has irritated me for 20+ years.
1.16      millert    44:
                     45: Aug 10, 2011:
                     46:        another fix to avoid core dump with delete(ARGV); again, many thanks
                     47:        to ruslan ermilov.
                     48:
                     49: Aug 7, 2011:
                     50:        split(s, a, //) now behaves the same as split(s, a, "")
                     51:
                     52: Jun 12, 2011:
                     53:        /pat/, \n /pat/ {...} is now legal, though bad style to use.
                     54:
                     55:        added checks to new -v code that permits -vnospace; thanks to
                     56:        ruslan ermilov for spotting this and providing the patch.
                     57:
                     58:        removed fixed limit on number of open files; thanks to aleksey
                     59:        cheusov and christos zoulos.
                     60:
                     61:        fixed day 1 bug that resurrected deleted elements of ARGV when
                     62:        used as filenames (in lib.c).
                     63:
                     64:        minor type fiddles to make gcc -Wall -pedantic happier (but not
                     65:        totally so); turned on -fno-strict-aliasing in makefile.
                     66:
                     67: May 6, 2011:
                     68:        added #ifdef for isblank.
                     69:        now allows -ffoo as well as -f foo arguments.
                     70:        (thanks, ruslan)
                     71:
                     72: May 1, 2011:
                     73:        after advice from todd miller, kevin lo, ruslan ermilov,
                     74:        and arnold robbins, changed srand() to return the previous
                     75:        seed (which is 1 on the first call of srand).  the seed is
                     76:        an Awkfloat internally though converted to unsigned int to
                     77:        pass to the library srand().  thanks, everyone.
                     78:
                     79:        fixed a subtle (and i hope low-probability) overflow error
                     80:        in fldbld, by adding space for one extra \0.  thanks to
                     81:        robert bassett for spotting this one and providing a fix.
                     82:
                     83:        removed the files related to compilation on windows.  i no
                     84:        longer have anything like a current windows environment, so
                     85:        i can't test any of it.
1.15      millert    86:
                     87: May 23, 2010:
                     88:        fixed long-standing overflow bug in run.c; many thanks to
                     89:        nelson beebe for spotting it and providing the fix.
                     90:
                     91:        fixed bug that didn't parse -vd=1 properly; thanks to santiago
                     92:        vila for spotting it.
                     93:
                     94: Feb 8, 2010:
                     95:        i give up.  replaced isblank with isspace in b.c; there are
                     96:        no consistent header files.
                     97:
                     98: Nov 26, 2009:
                     99:        fixed a long-standing issue with when FS takes effect.  a
                    100:        change to FS is now noticed immediately for subsequent splits.
                    101:
                    102:        changed the name getline() to awkgetline() to avoid yet another
                    103:        name conflict somewhere.
                    104:
                    105: Feb 11, 2009:
                    106:        temporarily for now defined HAS_ISBLANK, since that seems to
                    107:        be the best way through the thicket.  isblank arrived in C99,
                    108:        but seems to be arriving at different systems at different
                    109:        times.
                    110:
                    111: Oct 8, 2008:
                    112:        fixed typo in b.c that set tmpvec wrongly.  no one had ever
                    113:        run into the problem, apparently.  thanks to alistair crooks.
1.14      millert   114:
                    115: Oct 23, 2007:
                    116:        minor fix in lib.c: increase inputFS to 100, change malloc
                    117:        for fields to n+1.
                    118:
                    119:        fixed memory fault caused by out of order test in setsval.
                    120:
                    121:        thanks to david o'brien, freebsd, for both fixes.
                    122:
                    123: May 1, 2007:
                    124:        fiddle in makefile to fix for BSD make; thanks to igor sobrado.
                    125:
                    126: Mar 31, 2007:
                    127:        fixed some null pointer refs calling adjbuf.
                    128:
                    129: Feb 21, 2007:
                    130:        fixed a bug in matching the null RE in sub and gsub.  thanks to al aho
                    131:        who actually did the fix (in b.c), and to wolfgang seeberg for finding
                    132:        it and providing a very compact test case.
                    133:
                    134:        fixed quotation in b.c; thanks to Hal Pratt and the Princeton Dante
                    135:        Project.
                    136:
                    137:        removed some no-effect asserts in run.c.
                    138:
                    139:        fiddled maketab.c to not complain about bison-generated values.
                    140:
                    141:        removed the obsolete -V argument; fixed --version to print the
                    142:        version and exit.
                    143:
                    144:        fixed wording and an outright error in the usage message; thanks to igor
                    145:        sobrado and jason mcintyre.
                    146:
                    147:        fixed a bug in -d that caused core dump if no program followed.
                    148:
                    149: Jan 1, 2007:
                    150:        dropped mac.code from makefile; there are few non-MacOSX
                    151:        mac's these days.
                    152:
                    153: Jan 17, 2006:
                    154:        system() not flagged as unsafe in the unadvertised -safe option.
                    155:        found it while enhancing tests before shipping the ;login: article.
                    156:        practice what you preach.
                    157:
                    158:        removed the 9-years-obsolete -mr and -mf flags.
                    159:
                    160:        added -version and --version options.
                    161:
                    162:        core dump on linux with BEGIN {nextfile}, now fixed.
                    163:
                    164:        removed some #ifdef's in run.c and lex.c that appear to no
                    165:        longer be necessary.
                    166:
                    167: Apr 24, 2005:
                    168:        modified lib.c so that values of $0 et al are preserved in the END
                    169:        block, apparently as required by posix.  thanks to havard eidnes
                    170:        for the report and code.
                    171:
                    172: Jan 14, 2005:
                    173:        fixed infinite loop in parsing, originally found by brian tsang.
                    174:        thanks to arnold robbins for a suggestion that started me
                    175:        rethinking it.
                    176:
                    177: Dec 31, 2004:
                    178:        prevent overflow of -f array in main, head off potential error in
                    179:        call of SYNTAX(), test malloc return in lib.c, all with thanks to
                    180:        todd miller.
1.13      millert   181:
                    182: Dec 22, 2004:
                    183:        cranked up size of NCHARS; coverity thinks it can be overrun with
                    184:        smaller size, and i think that's right.  added some assertions to b.c
                    185:        to catch places where it might overrun.  the RE code is still fragile.
                    186:
                    187: Dec 5, 2004:
                    188:        fixed a couple of overflow problems with ridiculous field numbers:
                    189:        e.g., print $(2^32-1).  thanks to ruslan ermilov, giorgos keramidas
                    190:        and david o'brien at freebsd.org for patches.  this really should
                    191:        be re-done from scratch.
                    192:
                    193: Nov 21, 2004:
                    194:        fixed another 25-year-old RE bug, in split.  it's another failure
                    195:        to (re-)initialize.  thanks to steve fisher for spotting this and
                    196:        providing a good test case.
                    197:
                    198: Nov 22, 2003:
                    199:        fixed a bug in regular expressions that dates (so help me) from 1977;
                    200:        it's been there from the beginning.  an anchored longest match that
                    201:        was longer than the number of states triggered a failure to initialize
                    202:        the machine properly.  many thanks to moinak ghosh for not only finding
                    203:        this one but for providing a fix, in some of the most mysterious
                    204:        code known to man.
                    205:
                    206:        fixed a storage leak in call() that appears to have been there since
                    207:        1983 or so -- a function without an explicit return that assigns a
                    208:        string to a parameter leaked a Cell.  thanks to moinak ghosh for
                    209:        spotting this very subtle one.
                    210:
                    211: Jul 31, 2003:
                    212:        fixed, thanks to andrey chernov and ruslan ermilov, a bug in lex.c
                    213:        that mis-handled the character 255 in input.  (it was being compared
                    214:        to EOF with a signed comparison.)
                    215:
                    216: Jul 29, 2003:
                    217:        fixed (i think) the long-standing botch that included the beginning of
                    218:        line state ^ for RE's in the set of valid characters; this led to a
                    219:        variety of odd problems, including failure to properly match certain
                    220:        regular expressions in non-US locales.  thanks to ruslan for keeping
                    221:        at this one.
                    222:
                    223: Jul 28, 2003:
                    224:        n-th try at getting internationalization right, with thanks to volker
                    225:        kiefel, arnold robbins and ruslan ermilov for advice, though they
                    226:        should not be blamed for the outcome.  according to posix, "."  is the
                    227:        radix character in programs and command line arguments regardless of
                    228:        the locale; otherwise, the locale should prevail for input and output
                    229:        of numbers.  so it's intended to work that way.
                    230:
                    231:        i have rescinded the attempt to use strcoll in expanding shorthands in
                    232:        regular expressions (cclenter).  its properties are much too
                    233:        surprising; for example [a-c] matches aAbBc in locale en_US but abBcC
                    234:        in locale fr_CA.  i can see how this might arise by implementation
                    235:        but i cannot explain it to a human user.  (this behavior can be seen
                    236:        in gawk as well; we're leaning on the same library.)
                    237:
                    238:        the issue appears to be that strcoll is meant for sorting, where
                    239:        merging upper and lower case may make sense (though note that unix
                    240:        sort does not do this by default either).  it is not appropriate
                    241:        for regular expressions, where the goal is to match specific
                    242:        patterns of characters.  in any case, the notations [:lower:], etc.,
                    243:        are available in awk, and they are more likely to work correctly in
                    244:        most locales.
                    245:
                    246:        a moratorium is hereby declared on internationalization changes.
                    247:        i apologize to friends and colleagues in other parts of the world.
                    248:        i would truly like to get this "right", but i don't know what
                    249:        that is, and i do not want to keep making changes until it's clear.
                    250:
                    251: Jul 4, 2003:
                    252:        fixed bug that permitted non-terminated RE, as in "awk /x".
                    253:
                    254: Jun 1, 2003:
                    255:        subtle change to split: if source is empty, number of elems
                    256:        is always 0 and the array is not set.
                    257:
                    258: Mar 21, 2003:
                    259:        added some parens to isblank, in another attempt to make things
                    260:        internationally portable.
                    261:
                    262: Mar 14, 2003:
                    263:        the internationalization changes, somewhat modified, are now
                    264:        reinstated.  in theory awk will now do character comparisons
                    265:        and case conversions in national language, but "." will always
                    266:        be the decimal point separator on input and output regardless
                    267:        of national language.  isblank(){} has an #ifndef.
                    268:
                    269:        this no longer compiles on windows: LC_MESSAGES isn't defined
                    270:        in vc6++.
                    271:
                    272:        fixed subtle behavior in field and record splitting: if FS is
                    273:        a single character and RS is not empty, \n is NOT a separator.
                    274:        this tortuous reading is found in the awk book; behavior now
                    275:        matches gawk and mawk.
1.11      millert   276:
                    277: Dec 13, 2002:
                    278:        for the moment, the internationalization changes of nov 29 are
                    279:        rolled back -- programs like x = 1.2 don't work in some locales,
                    280:        because the parser is expecting x = 1,2.  until i understand this
                    281:        better, this will have to wait.
                    282:
                    283: Nov 29, 2002:
                    284:        modified b.c (with tiny changes in main and run) to support
                    285:        locales, using strcoll and iswhatever tests for posix character
                    286:        classes.  thanks to ruslan ermilov (ru@freebsd.org) for code.
                    287:        the function isblank doesn't seem to have propagated to any
                    288:        header file near me, so it's there explicitly.  not properly
                    289:        tested on non-ascii character sets by me.
                    290:
                    291: Jun 28, 2002:
                    292:        modified run/format() and tran/getsval() to do a slightly better
                    293:        job on using OFMT for output from print and CONVFMT for other
                    294:        number->string conversions, as promised by posix and done by
                    295:        gawk and mawk.  there are still places where it doesn't work
                    296:        right if CONVFMT is changed; by then the STR attribute of the
                    297:        variable has been irrevocably set.  thanks to arnold robbins for
                    298:        code and examples.
                    299:
                    300:        fixed subtle bug in format that could get core dump.  thanks to
                    301:        Jaromir Dolecek <jdolecek@NetBSD.org> for finding and fixing.
                    302:        minor cleanup in run.c / format() at the same time.
                    303:
                    304:        added some tests for null pointers to debugging printf's, which
                    305:        were never intended for external consumption.  thanks to dave
                    306:        kerns (dkerns@lucent.com) for pointing this out.
                    307:
                    308:        GNU compatibility: an empty regexp matches anything (thanks to
                    309:        dag-erling smorgrav, des@ofug.org).  subject to reversion if
                    310:        this does more harm than good.
                    311:
                    312:        pervasive small changes to make things more const-correct, as
                    313:        reported by gcc's -Wwrite-strings.  as it says in the gcc manual,
                    314:        this may be more nuisance than useful.  provoked by a suggestion
                    315:        and code from arnaud desitter, arnaud@nimbus.geog.ox.ac.uk
                    316:
                    317:        minor documentation changes to note that this now compiles out
                    318:        of the box on Mac OS X.
                    319:
                    320: Feb 10, 2002:
                    321:        changed types in posix chars structure to quiet solaris cc.
                    322:
                    323: Jan 1, 2002:
                    324:        fflush() or fflush("") flushes all files and pipes.
                    325:
                    326:        length(arrayname) returns number of elements; thanks to
                    327:        arnold robbins for suggestion.
                    328:
                    329:        added a makefile.win to make it easier to build on windows.
                    330:        based on dan allen's buildwin.bat.
                    331:
                    332: Nov 16, 2001:
                    333:        added support for posix character class names like [:digit:],
                    334:        which are not exactly shorter than [0-9] and perhaps no more
                    335:        portable.  thanks to dag-erling smorgrav for code.
                    336:
                    337: Feb 16, 2001:
                    338:        removed -m option; no longer needed, and it was actually
                    339:        broken (noted thanks to volker kiefel).
                    340:
                    341: Feb 10, 2001:
                    342:        fixed an appalling bug in gettok: any sequence of digits, +,-, E, e,
                    343:        and period was accepted as a valid number if it started with a period.
                    344:        this would never have happened with the lex version.
                    345:
                    346:        other 1-character botches, now fixed, include a bare $ and a
                    347:        bare " at the end of the input.
                    348:
                    349: Feb 7, 2001:
                    350:        more (const char *) casts in b.c and tran.c to silence warnings.
1.8       millert   351:
1.10      millert   352: Nov 15, 2000:
                    353:        fixed a bug introduced in august 1997 that caused expressions
                    354:        like $f[1] to be syntax errors.  thanks to arnold robbins for
                    355:        noticing this and providing a fix.
                    356:
                    357: Oct 30, 2000:
                    358:        fixed some nextfile bugs: not handling all cases.  thanks to
                    359:        arnold robbins for pointing this out.  new regressions added.
                    360:
                    361:        close() is now a function.  it returns whatever the library
                    362:        fclose returns, and -1 for closing a file or pipe that wasn't
                    363:        opened.
                    364:
                    365: Sep 24, 2000:
                    366:        permit \n explicitly in character classes; won't work right
                    367:        if comes in as "[\n]" but ok as /[\n]/, because of multiple
                    368:        processing of \'s.  thanks to arnold robbins.
                    369:
                    370: July 5, 2000:
                    371:        minor fiddles in tran.c to keep compilers happy about uschar.
                    372:        thanks to norman wilson.
                    373:
                    374: May 25, 2000:
                    375:        yet another attempt at making 8-bit input work, with another
                    376:        band-aid in b.c (member()), and some (uschar) casts to head
                    377:        off potential errors in subscripts (like isdigit).  also
                    378:        changed HAT to NCHARS-2.  thanks again to santiago vila.
                    379:
                    380:        changed maketab.c to ignore apparently out of range definitions
                    381:        instead of halting; new freeBSD generates one.  thanks to
                    382:        jon snader <jsnader@ix.netcom.com> for pointing out the problem.
                    383:
                    384: May 2, 2000:
                    385:        fixed an 8-bit problem in b.c by making several char*'s into
                    386:        unsigned char*'s.  not clear i have them all yet.  thanks to
                    387:        Santiago Vila <sanvila@unex.es> for the bug report.
                    388:
                    389: Apr 21, 2000:
                    390:        finally found and fixed a memory leak in function call; it's
                    391:        been there since functions were added ~1983.  thanks to
                    392:        jon bentley for the test case that found it.
                    393:
                    394:        added test in envinit to catch environment "variables" with
1.12      otto      395:        names beginning with '='; thanks to Berend Hasselman.
1.10      millert   396:
                    397: Jul 28, 1999:
                    398:        added test in defn() to catch function foo(foo), which
                    399:        otherwise recurses until core dump.  thanks to arnold
                    400:        robbins for noticing this.
                    401:
1.9       millert   402: Jun 20, 1999:
                    403:        added *bp in gettok in lex.c; appears possible to exit function
                    404:        without terminating the string.  thanks to russ cox.
                    405:
                    406: Jun 2, 1999:
                    407:        added function stdinit() to run to initialize files[] array,
                    408:        in case stdin, etc., are not constants; some compilers care.
                    409:
                    410: May 10, 1999:
                    411:        replaced the ERROR ... FATAL, etc., macros with functions
                    412:        based on vprintf, to avoid problems caused by overrunning
                    413:        fixed-size errbuf array.  thanks to ralph corderoy for the
                    414:        impetus, and for pointing out a string termination bug in
                    415:        qstring as well.
                    416:
                    417: Apr 21, 1999:
                    418:        fixed bug that caused occasional core dumps with commandline
                    419:        variable with value ending in \.  (thanks to nelson beebe for
                    420:        the test case.)
                    421:
1.8       millert   422: Apr 16, 1999:
                    423:        with code kindly provided by Bruce Lilly, awk now parses
                    424:        /=/ and similar constructs more sensibly in more places.
1.10      millert   425:        Bruce also provided some helpful test cases.
1.8       millert   426:
                    427: Apr 5, 1999:
                    428:        changed true/false to True/False in run.c to make it
                    429:        easier to compile with C++.  Added some casts on malloc
                    430:        and realloc to be honest about casts; ditto.  changed
                    431:        ltype int to long in struct rrow to reduce some 64-bit
                    432:        complaints; other changes scattered throughout for the
                    433:        same purpose.  thanks to Nelson Beebe for these portability
                    434:        improvements.
                    435:
                    436:        removed some horrible pointer-int casting in b.c and elsewhere
                    437:        by adding ptoi and itonp to localize the casts, which are
                    438:        all benign.  fixed one incipient bug that showed up on sgi
                    439:        in 64-bit mode.
                    440:
                    441:        reset lineno for new source file; include filename in error
                    442:        message.  also fixed line number error in continuation lines.
                    443:        (thanks to Nelson Beebe for both of these.)
                    444:
                    445: Mar 24, 1999:
                    446:        Nelson Beebe notes that irix 5.3 yacc dies with a bogus
                    447:        error; use a newer version or switch to bison, since sgi
                    448:        is unlikely to fix it.
1.1       tholo     449:
1.7       millert   450: Mar 5, 1999:
1.9       millert   451:        changed isnumber to is_number to avoid the problem caused by
                    452:        versions of ctype.h that include the name isnumber.
1.7       millert   453:
                    454:        distribution now includes a script for building on a Mac,
                    455:        thanks to Dan Allen.
                    456:
                    457: Feb 20, 1999:
                    458:        fixed memory leaks in run.c (call) and tran.c (setfval).
                    459:        thanks to Stephen Nutt for finding these and providing the fixes.
                    460:
                    461: Jan 13, 1999:
                    462:        replaced srand argument by (unsigned int) in run.c;
                    463:        avoids problem on Mac and potentially on Unix & Windows.
                    464:        thanks to Dan Allen.
                    465:
                    466:        added a few (int) casts to silence useless compiler warnings.
                    467:        e.g., errorflag= in run.c jump().
                    468:
                    469:        added proctab.c to the bundle outout; one less thing
                    470:        to have to compile out of the box.
                    471:
                    472:        added calls to _popen and _pclose to the win95 stub for
                    473:        pipes (thanks to Steve Adams for this helpful suggestion).
                    474:        seems to work, though properties are not well understood
                    475:        by me, and it appears that under some circumstances the
                    476:        pipe output is truncated.  Be careful.
                    477:
                    478: Oct 19, 1998:
                    479:        fixed a couple of bugs in getrec: could fail to update $0
                    480:        after a getline var; because inputFS wasn't initialized,
                    481:        could split $0 on every character, a misleading diversion.
                    482:
                    483:        fixed caching bug in makedfa: LRU was actually removing
                    484:        least often used.
                    485:
                    486:        thanks to ross ridge for finding these, and for providing
                    487:        great bug reports.
                    488:
                    489: May 12, 1998:
                    490:        fixed potential bug in readrec: might fail to update record
                    491:        pointer after growing.  thanks to dan levy for spotting this
                    492:        and suggesting the fix.
                    493:
                    494: Mar 12, 1998:
                    495:        added -V to print version number and die.
                    496:
                    497: Feb 11, 1998:
                    498:        subtle silent bug in lex.c: if the program ended with a number
                    499:        longer than 1 digit, part of the input would be pushed back and
                    500:        parsed again because token buffer wasn't terminated right.
                    501:        example:  awk 'length($0) > 10'.  blush.  at least i found it
                    502:        myself.
                    503:
                    504: Aug 31, 1997:
                    505:        s/adelete/awkdelete/: SGI uses this in malloc.h.
                    506:        thanks to nelson beebe for pointing this one out.
                    507:
                    508: Aug 21, 1997:
                    509:        fixed some bugs in sub and gsub when replacement includes \\.
                    510:        this is a dark, horrible corner, but at least now i believe that
                    511:        the behavior is the same as gawk and the intended posix standard.
                    512:        thanks to arnold robbins for advice here.
                    513:
                    514: Aug 9, 1997:
                    515:        somewhat regretfully, replaced the ancient lex-based lexical
                    516:        analyzer with one written in C.  it's longer, generates less code,
                    517:        and more portable; the old one depended too much on mysterious
                    518:        properties of lex that were not preserved in other environments.
                    519:        in theory these recognize the same language.
                    520:
                    521:        now using strtod to test whether a string is a number, instead of
                    522:        the convoluted original function.  should be more portable and
                    523:        reliable if strtod is implemented right.
                    524:
                    525:        removed now-pointless optimization in makefile that tries to avoid
                    526:        recompilation when awkgram.y is changed but symbols are not.
                    527:
                    528:        removed most fixed-size arrays, though a handful remain, some
                    529:        of which are unchecked.  you have been warned.
                    530:
                    531: Aug 4, 1997:
                    532:        with some trepidation, replaced the ancient code that managed
                    533:        fields and $0 in fixed-size arrays with arrays that grow on
                    534:        demand.  there is still some tension between trying to make this
                    535:        run fast and making it clean; not sure it's right yet.
                    536:
                    537:        the ill-conceived -mr and -mf arguments are now useful only
                    538:        for debugging.  previous dynamic string code removed.
                    539:
                    540:        numerous other minor cleanups along the way.
1.1       tholo     541:
1.7       millert   542: Jul 30, 1997:
                    543:        using code provided by dan levy (to whom profuse thanks), replaced
                    544:        fixed-size arrays and awkward kludges by a fairly uniform mechanism
                    545:        to grow arrays as needed for printf, sub, gsub, etc.
1.1       tholo     546:
1.7       millert   547: Jul 23, 1997:
                    548:        falling off the end of a function returns "" and 0, not 0.
                    549:        thanks to arnold robbins.
1.1       tholo     550:
1.7       millert   551: Jun 17, 1997:
                    552:        replaced several fixed-size arrays by dynamically-created ones
                    553:        in run.c; added overflow tests to some previously unchecked cases.
                    554:        getline, toupper, tolower.
1.1       tholo     555:
1.7       millert   556:        getline code is still broken in that recursive calls may wind
                    557:        up using the same space.  [fixed later]
1.1       tholo     558:
1.7       millert   559:        increased RECSIZE to 8192 to push problems further over the horizon.
1.1       tholo     560:
1.7       millert   561:        added \r to \n as input line separator for programs, not data.
                    562:        damn CRLFs.
1.1       tholo     563:
1.7       millert   564:        modified format() to permit explicit printf("%c", 0) to include
                    565:        a null byte in output.  thanks to ken stailey for the fix.
1.1       tholo     566:
1.7       millert   567:        added a "-safe" argument that disables file output (print >,
                    568:        print >>), process creation (cmd|getline, print |, system), and
                    569:        access to the environment (ENVIRON).  this is a first approximation
                    570:        to a "safe" version of awk, but don't rely on it too much.  thanks
                    571:        to joan feigenbaum and matt blaze for the inspiration long ago.
1.1       tholo     572:
1.7       millert   573: Jul 8, 1996:
                    574:        fixed long-standing bug in sub, gsub(/a/, "\\\\&"); thanks to
                    575:        ralph corderoy.
1.1       tholo     576:
1.7       millert   577: Jun 29, 1996:
                    578:        fixed awful bug in new field splitting; didn't get all the places
                    579:        where input was done.
1.1       tholo     580:
1.7       millert   581: Jun 28, 1996:
                    582:        changed field-splitting to conform to posix definition: fields are
                    583:        split using the value of FS at the time of input; it used to be
                    584:        the value when the field or NF was first referred to, a much less
                    585:        predictable definition.  thanks to arnold robbins for encouragement
                    586:        to do the right thing.
1.1       tholo     587:
1.7       millert   588: May 28, 1996:
                    589:        fixed appalling but apparently unimportant bug in parsing octal
                    590:        numbers in reg exprs.
1.1       tholo     591:
1.7       millert   592:        explicit hex in reg exprs now limited to 2 chars: \xa, \xaa.
1.1       tholo     593:
1.7       millert   594: May 27, 1996:
                    595:        cleaned up some declarations so gcc -Wall is now almost silent.
1.1       tholo     596:
1.7       millert   597:        makefile now includes backup copies of ytab.c and lexyy.c in case
                    598:        one makes before looking; it also avoids recreating lexyy.c unless
                    599:        really needed.
1.1       tholo     600:
1.7       millert   601:        s/aprintf/awkprint, s/asprintf/awksprintf/ to avoid some name clashes
                    602:        with unwisely-written header files.
1.1       tholo     603:
1.7       millert   604:        thanks to jeffrey friedl for several of these.
1.1       tholo     605:
1.7       millert   606: May 26, 1996:
                    607:        an attempt to rationalize the (unsigned) char issue.  almost all
                    608:        instances of unsigned char have been removed; the handful of places
                    609:        in b.c where chars are used as table indices have been hand-crafted.
                    610:        added some latin-1 tests to the regression, but i'm not confident;
                    611:        none of my compilers seem to care much.  thanks to nelson beebe for
                    612:        pointing out some others that do care.
1.1       tholo     613:
1.7       millert   614: May 2, 1996:
                    615:        removed all register declarations.
1.1       tholo     616:
1.7       millert   617:        enhanced split(), as in gawk, etc:  split(s, a, "") splits s into
                    618:        a[1]...a[length(s)] with each character a single element.
1.1       tholo     619:
1.7       millert   620:        made the same changes for field-splitting if FS is "".
1.1       tholo     621:
1.7       millert   622:        added nextfile, as in gawk: causes immediate advance to next
                    623:        input file. (thanks to arnold robbins for inspiration and code).
1.1       tholo     624:
1.7       millert   625:        small fixes to regexpr code:  can now handle []], [[], and
                    626:        variants;  [] is now a syntax error, rather than matching
                    627:        everything;  [z-a] is now empty, not z.  far from complete
                    628:        or correct, however.  (thanks to jeffrey friedl for pointing out
                    629:        some awful behaviors.)
1.1       tholo     630:
1.7       millert   631: Apr 29, 1996:
1.12      otto      632:        replaced uchar by uschar everywhere; apparently some compilers
1.7       millert   633:        usurp this name and this causes conflicts.
1.1       tholo     634:
1.7       millert   635:        fixed call to time in run.c (bltin); arg is time_t *.
1.1       tholo     636:
1.7       millert   637:        replaced horrible pointer/long punning in b.c by a legitimate
                    638:        union.  should be safer on 64-bit machines and cleaner everywhere.
                    639:        (thanks to nelson beebe for pointing out some of these problems.)
1.1       tholo     640:
1.7       millert   641:        replaced nested comments by #if 0...#endif in run.c, lib.c.
1.1       tholo     642:
1.7       millert   643:        removed getsval, setsval, execute macros from run.c and lib.c.
                    644:        machines are 100x faster than they were when these macros were
                    645:        first used.
1.1       tholo     646:
1.7       millert   647:        revised filenames: awk.g.y => awkgram.y, awk.lx.l => awklex.l,
                    648:        y.tab.[ch] => ytab.[ch], lex.yy.c => lexyy.c, all in the aid of
                    649:        portability to nameless systems.
1.1       tholo     650:
1.7       millert   651:        "make bundle" now includes yacc and lex output files for recipients
                    652:        who don't have yacc or lex.
1.1       tholo     653:
1.7       millert   654: Aug 15, 1995:
                    655:        initialized Cells in setsymtab more carefully; some fields
                    656:        were not set.  (thanks to purify, all of whose complaints i
                    657:        think i now understand.)
1.1       tholo     658:
1.7       millert   659:        fixed at least one error in gsub that looked at -1-th element
                    660:        of an array when substituting for a null match (e.g., $).
1.1       tholo     661:
1.7       millert   662:        delete arrayname is now legal; it clears the elements but leaves
                    663:        the array, which may not be the right behavior.
1.1       tholo     664:
1.7       millert   665:        modified makefile: my current make can't cope with the test used
                    666:        to avoid unnecessary yacc invocations.
1.1       tholo     667:
1.7       millert   668: Jul 17, 1995:
                    669:        added dynamically growing strings to awk.lx.l and b.c
                    670:        to permit regular expressions to be much bigger.
                    671:        the state arrays can still overflow.
1.1       tholo     672:
1.7       millert   673: Aug 24, 1994:
                    674:        detect duplicate arguments in function definitions (mdm).
1.1       tholo     675:
1.7       millert   676: May 11, 1994:
                    677:        trivial fix to printf to limit string size in sub().
1.1       tholo     678:
1.7       millert   679: Apr 22, 1994:
                    680:        fixed yet another subtle self-assignment problem:
                    681:        $1 = $2; $1 = $1 clobbered $1.
1.1       tholo     682:
1.7       millert   683:        Regression tests now use private echo, to avoid quoting problems.
1.1       tholo     684:
1.7       millert   685: Feb 2, 1994:
                    686:        changed error() to print line number as %d, not %g.
1.1       tholo     687:
1.7       millert   688: Jul 23, 1993:
                    689:        cosmetic changes: increased sizes of some arrays,
                    690:        reworded some error messages.
1.1       tholo     691:
1.7       millert   692:        added CONVFMT as in posix (just replaced OFMT in getsval)
1.1       tholo     693:
1.7       millert   694:        FILENAME is now "" until the first thing that causes a file
                    695:        to be opened.
1.1       tholo     696:
1.7       millert   697: Nov 28, 1992:
                    698:        deleted yyunput and yyoutput from proto.h;
                    699:        different versions of lex give these different declarations.
1.1       tholo     700:
1.7       millert   701: May 31, 1992:
                    702:        added -mr N and -mf N options: more record and fields.
                    703:        these really ought to adjust automatically.
1.1       tholo     704:
1.7       millert   705:        cleaned up some error messages; "out of space" now means
                    706:        malloc returned NULL in all cases.
1.1       tholo     707:
1.7       millert   708:        changed rehash so that if it runs out, it just returns;
                    709:        things will continue to run slow, but maybe a bit longer.
1.1       tholo     710:
1.7       millert   711: Apr 24, 1992:
                    712:        remove redundant close of stdin when using -f -.
1.1       tholo     713:
1.7       millert   714:        got rid of core dump with -d; awk -d just prints date.
1.1       tholo     715:
1.7       millert   716: Apr 12, 1992:
                    717:        added explicit check for /dev/std(in,out,err) in redirection.
                    718:        unlike gawk, no /dev/fd/n yet.
1.1       tholo     719:
1.7       millert   720:        added (file/pipe) builtin.  hard to test satisfactorily.
                    721:        not posix.
1.1       tholo     722:
1.7       millert   723: Feb 20, 1992:
                    724:        recompile after abortive changes;  should be unchanged.
1.1       tholo     725:
1.7       millert   726: Dec 2, 1991:
                    727:        die-casting time:  converted to ansi C, installed that.
1.1       tholo     728:
1.7       millert   729: Nov 30, 1991:
                    730:        fixed storage leak in freefa, failing to recover [N]CCL.
                    731:        thanks to Bill Jones (jones@cs.usask.ca)
1.1       tholo     732:
1.7       millert   733: Nov 19, 1991:
                    734:        use RAND_MAX instead of literal in builtin().
1.1       tholo     735:
1.7       millert   736: Nov 12, 1991:
                    737:        cranked up some fixed-size arrays in b.c, and added a test for
                    738:        overflow in penter.  thanks to mark larsen.
1.1       tholo     739:
1.7       millert   740: Sep 24, 1991:
                    741:        increased buffer in gsub.  a very crude fix to a general problem.
                    742:        and again on Sep 26.
1.1       tholo     743:
1.7       millert   744: Aug 18, 1991:
                    745:        enforce variable name syntax for commandline variables: has to
                    746:        start with letter or _.
1.1       tholo     747:
1.7       millert   748: Jul 27, 1991:
                    749:        allow newline after ; in for statements.
1.1       tholo     750:
1.7       millert   751: Jul 21, 1991:
                    752:        fixed so that in self-assignment like $1=$1, side effects
                    753:        like recomputing $0 take place.  (this is getting subtle.)
1.1       tholo     754:
1.7       millert   755: Jun 30, 1991:
                    756:        better test for detecting too-long output record.
1.1       tholo     757:
1.7       millert   758: Jun 2, 1991:
                    759:        better defense against very long printf strings.
                    760:        made break and continue illegal outside of loops.
1.1       tholo     761:
1.7       millert   762: May 13, 1991:
                    763:        removed extra arg on gettemp, tempfree.  minor error message rewording.
1.1       tholo     764:
                    765: May 6, 1991:
                    766:        fixed silly bug in hex parsing in hexstr().
                    767:        removed an apparently unnecessary test in isnumber().
                    768:        warn about weird printf conversions.
                    769:        fixed unchecked array overwrite in relex().
                    770:
                    771:        changed for (i in array) to access elements in sorted order.
                    772:        then unchanged it -- it really does run slower in too many cases.
                    773:        left the code in place, commented out.
                    774:
1.7       millert   775: Feb 10, 1991:
                    776:        check error status on all writes, to avoid banging on full disks.
1.1       tholo     777:
1.7       millert   778: Jan 28, 1991:
                    779:        awk -f - reads the program from stdin.
1.1       tholo     780:
1.7       millert   781: Jan 11, 1991:
                    782:        failed to set numeric state on $0 in cmd|getline context in run.c.
1.1       tholo     783:
1.7       millert   784: Nov 2, 1990:
                    785:        fixed sleazy test for integrality in getsval;  use modf.
1.1       tholo     786:
1.7       millert   787: Oct 29, 1990:
                    788:        fixed sleazy buggy code in lib.c that looked (incorrectly) for
                    789:        too long input lines.
1.1       tholo     790:
1.7       millert   791: Oct 14, 1990:
                    792:        fixed the bug on p. 198 in which it couldn't deduce that an
                    793:        argument was an array in some contexts.  replaced the error
                    794:        message in intest() by code that damn well makes it an array.
1.1       tholo     795:
1.7       millert   796: Oct 8, 1990:
                    797:        fixed horrible bug:  types and values were not preserved in
                    798:        some kinds of self-assignment. (in assign().)
1.1       tholo     799:
1.7       millert   800: Aug 24, 1990:
                    801:        changed NCHARS to 256 to handle 8-bit characters in strings
                    802:        presented to match(), etc.
1.1       tholo     803:
1.7       millert   804: Jun 26, 1990:
                    805:        changed struct rrow (awk.h) to use long instead of int for lval,
                    806:        since cfoll() stores a pointer in it.  now works better when int's
                    807:        are smaller than pointers!
1.1       tholo     808:
1.7       millert   809: May 6, 1990:
                    810:        AVA fixed the grammar so that ! is uniformly of the same precedence as
                    811:        unary + and -.  This renders illegal some constructs like !x=y, which
                    812:        now has to be parenthesized as !(x=y), and makes others work properly:
                    813:        !x+y is (!x)+y, and x!y is x !y, not two pattern-action statements.
                    814:        (These problems were pointed out by Bob Lenk of Posix.)
1.1       tholo     815:
1.7       millert   816:        Added \x to regular expressions (already in strings).
                    817:        Limited octal to octal digits; \8 and \9 are not octal.
                    818:        Centralized the code for parsing escapes in regular expressions.
                    819:        Added a bunch of tests to T.re and T.sub to verify some of this.
1.1       tholo     820:
1.7       millert   821: Feb 9, 1990:
                    822:        fixed null pointer dereference bug in main.c:  -F[nothing].  sigh.
1.1       tholo     823:
1.7       millert   824:        restored srand behavior:  it returns the current seed.
1.1       tholo     825:
1.7       millert   826: Jan 18, 1990:
                    827:        srand now returns previous seed value (0 to start).
1.1       tholo     828:
1.7       millert   829: Jan 5, 1990:
                    830:        fix potential problem in tran.c -- something was freed,
                    831:        then used in freesymtab.
1.1       tholo     832:
1.7       millert   833: Oct 18, 1989:
                    834:        another try to get the max number of open files set with
                    835:        relatively machine-independent code.
1.1       tholo     836:
1.7       millert   837:        small fix to input() in case of multiple reads after EOF.
1.1       tholo     838:
1.7       millert   839: Oct 11, 1989:
                    840:        FILENAME is now defined in the BEGIN block -- too many old
                    841:        programs broke.
1.1       tholo     842:
1.7       millert   843:        "-" means stdin in getline as well as on the commandline.
1.1       tholo     844:
1.7       millert   845:        added a bunch of casts to the code to tell the truth about
                    846:        char * vs. unsigned char *, a right royal pain.  added a
                    847:        setlocale call to the front of main, though probably no one
                    848:        has it usefully implemented yet.
1.1       tholo     849:
1.7       millert   850: Aug 24, 1989:
                    851:        removed redundant relational tests against nullnode if parse
                    852:        tree already had a relational at that point.
1.1       tholo     853:
1.7       millert   854: Aug 11, 1989:
                    855:        fixed bug:  commandline variable assignment has to look like
                    856:        var=something.  (consider the man page for =, in file =.1)
1.1       tholo     857:
1.7       millert   858:        changed number of arguments to functions to static arrays
                    859:        to avoid repeated malloc calls.
1.1       tholo     860:
1.7       millert   861: Aug 2, 1989:
                    862:        restored -F (space) separator
1.1       tholo     863:
1.7       millert   864: Jul 30, 1989:
                    865:        added -v x=1 y=2 ... for immediate commandline variable assignment;
                    866:        done before the BEGIN block for sure.  they have to precede the
                    867:        program if the program is on the commandline.
                    868:        Modified Aug 2 to require a separate -v for each assignment.
1.1       tholo     869:
1.7       millert   870: Jul 10, 1989:
                    871:        fixed ref-thru-zero bug in environment code in tran.c
1.1       tholo     872:
1.7       millert   873: Jun 23, 1989:
                    874:        add newline to usage message.
1.1       tholo     875:
1.7       millert   876: Jun 14, 1989:
                    877:        added some missing ansi printf conversion letters: %i %X %E %G.
                    878:        no sensible meaning for h or L, so they may not do what one expects.
1.1       tholo     879:
1.7       millert   880:        made %* conversions work.
1.1       tholo     881:
1.7       millert   882:        changed x^y so that if n is a positive integer, it's done
                    883:        by explicit multiplication, thus achieving maximum accuracy.
                    884:        (this should be done by pow() but it seems not to be locally.)
                    885:        done to x ^= y as well.
1.1       tholo     886:
1.7       millert   887: Jun 4, 1989:
                    888:        ENVIRON array contains environment: if shell variable V=thing,
                    889:                ENVIRON["V"] is "thing"
1.1       tholo     890:
1.7       millert   891:        multiple -f arguments permitted.  error reporting is naive.
                    892:        (they were permitted before, but only the last was used.)
1.1       tholo     893:
1.7       millert   894:        fixed a really stupid botch in the debugging macro dprintf
1.1       tholo     895:
1.7       millert   896:        fixed order of evaluation of commandline assignments to match
                    897:        what the book claims:  an argument of the form x=e is evaluated
                    898:        at the time it would have been opened if it were a filename (p 63).
                    899:        this invalidates the suggested answer to ex 4-1 (p 195).
1.1       tholo     900:
1.7       millert   901:        removed some code that permitted -F (space) fieldseparator,
                    902:        since it didn't quite work right anyway.  (restored aug 2)
1.1       tholo     903:
1.7       millert   904: Apr 27, 1989:
                    905:        Line number now accumulated correctly for comment lines.
1.1       tholo     906:
1.7       millert   907: Apr 26, 1989:
                    908:        Debugging output now includes a version date,
                    909:        if one compiles it into the source each time.
1.1       tholo     910:
1.7       millert   911: Apr 9, 1989:
                    912:        Changed grammar to prohibit constants as 3rd arg of sub and gsub;
                    913:        prevents class of overwriting-a-constant errors.  (Last one?)
                    914:        This invalidates the "banana" example on page 43 of the book.
1.1       tholo     915:
1.7       millert   916:        Added \a ("alert"), \v (vertical tab), \xhhh (hexadecimal),
                    917:        as in ANSI, for strings.  Rescinded the sloppiness that permitted
                    918:        non-octal digits in \ooo.  Warning:  not all compilers and libraries
                    919:        will be able to deal with \x correctly.
1.1       tholo     920:
1.7       millert   921: Jan 9, 1989:
                    922:        Fixed bug that caused tempcell list to contain a duplicate.
                    923:        The fix is kludgy.
1.1       tholo     924:
1.7       millert   925: Dec 17, 1988:
                    926:        Catches some more commandline errors in main.
                    927:        Removed redundant decl of modf in run.c (confuses some compilers).
                    928:        Warning:  there's no single declaration of malloc, etc., in awk.h
                    929:        that seems to satisfy all compilers.
1.1       tholo     930:
1.7       millert   931: Dec 7, 1988:
                    932:        Added a bit of code to error printing to avoid printing nulls.
                    933:        (Not clear that it actually would.)
1.1       tholo     934:
1.7       millert   935: Nov 27, 1988:
                    936:        With fear and trembling, modified the grammar to permit
                    937:        multiple pattern-action statements on one line without
                    938:        an explicit separator.  By definition, this capitulation
                    939:        to the ghost of ancient implementations remains undefined
                    940:        and thus subject to change without notice or apology.
                    941:        DO NOT COUNT ON IT.
1.1       tholo     942:
1.7       millert   943: Oct 30, 1988:
                    944:        Fixed bug in call() that failed to recover storage.
1.1       tholo     945:
1.7       millert   946:        A warning is now generated if there are more arguments
                    947:        in the call than in the definition (in lieu of fixing
                    948:        another storage leak).
1.2       millert   949:
1.7       millert   950: Oct 20, 1988:
                    951:        Fixed %c:  if expr is numeric, use numeric value;
                    952:        otherwise print 1st char of string value.  still
                    953:        doesn't work if the value is 0 -- won't print \0.
1.2       millert   954:
1.7       millert   955:        Added a few more checks for running out of malloc.
1.2       millert   956:
1.7       millert   957: Oct 12, 1988:
                    958:        Fixed bug in call() that freed local arrays twice.
1.5       kstailey  959:
1.7       millert   960:        Fixed to handle deletion of non-existent array right;
                    961:        complains about attempt to delete non-array element.
1.6       kstailey  962:
1.7       millert   963: Sep 30, 1988:
                    964:        Now guarantees to evaluate all arguments of built-in
                    965:        functions, as in C;  the appearance is that arguments
                    966:        are evaluated before the function is called.  Places
                    967:        affected are sub (gsub was ok), substr, printf, and
                    968:        all the built-in arithmetic functions in bltin().
                    969:        A warning is generated if a bltin() is called with
                    970:        the wrong number of arguments.
1.6       kstailey  971:
1.7       millert   972:        This requires changing makeprof on p167 of the book.
1.6       kstailey  973:
1.7       millert   974: Aug 23, 1988:
                    975:        setting FILENAME in BEGIN caused core dump, apparently
                    976:        because it was freeing space not allocated by malloc.
1.6       kstailey  977:
1.7       millert   978: July 24, 1988:
                    979:        fixed egregious error in toupper/tolower functions.
                    980:        still subject to rescinding, however.
1.6       kstailey  981:
1.7       millert   982: July 2, 1988:
                    983:        flush stdout before opening file or pipe
1.6       kstailey  984:
1.7       millert   985: July 2, 1988:
                    986:        performance bug in b.c/cgoto(): not freeing some sets of states.
                    987:        partial fix only right now, and the number of states increased
                    988:        to make it less obvious.
1.6       kstailey  989:
1.7       millert   990: June 1, 1988:
                    991:        check error status on close
1.6       kstailey  992:
1.7       millert   993: May 28, 1988:
                    994:        srand returns seed value it's using.
                    995:        see 1/18/90
1.6       kstailey  996:
1.7       millert   997: May 22, 1988:
                    998:        Removed limit on depth of function calls.
1.6       kstailey  999:
1.7       millert  1000: May 10, 1988:
                   1001:        Fixed lib.c to permit _ in commandline variable names.
1.6       kstailey 1002:
1.7       millert  1003: Mar 25, 1988:
                   1004:        main.c fixed to recognize -- as terminator of command-
                   1005:        line options.  Illegal options flagged.
                   1006:        Error reporting slightly cleaned up.
1.6       kstailey 1007:
1.7       millert  1008: Dec 2, 1987:
                   1009:        Newer C compilers apply a strict scope rule to extern
                   1010:        declarations within functions.  Two extern declarations in
                   1011:        lib.c and tran.c have been moved to obviate this problem.
1.6       kstailey 1012:
1.7       millert  1013: Oct xx, 1987:
                   1014:        Reluctantly added toupper and tolower functions.
                   1015:        Subject to rescinding without notice.
1.6       kstailey 1016:
1.7       millert  1017: Sep 17, 1987:
                   1018:        Error-message printer had printf(s) instead of
                   1019:        printf("%s",s);  got core dumps when the message
                   1020:        included a %.
1.6       kstailey 1021:
1.7       millert  1022: Sep 12, 1987:
                   1023:        Very long printf strings caused core dump;
                   1024:        fixed aprintf, asprintf, format to catch them.
                   1025:        Can still get a core dump in printf itself.
1.6       kstailey 1026:
                   1027: