Annotation of src/usr.bin/ctags/ctags.1, Revision 1.22
1.22 ! jmc 1: .\" $OpenBSD: ctags.1,v 1.21 2010/10/01 07:06:16 jmc Exp $
1.1 deraadt 2: .\" $NetBSD: ctags.1,v 1.4 1995/03/26 20:14:04 glass Exp $
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31: .\" @(#)ctags.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
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1.22 ! jmc 33: .Dd $Mdocdate: October 1 2010 $
1.1 deraadt 34: .Dt CTAGS 1
1.5 aaron 35: .Os
1.1 deraadt 36: .Sh NAME
37: .Nm ctags
38: .Nd create a tags file
39: .Sh SYNOPSIS
40: .Nm ctags
1.14 jmc 41: .Op Fl aBdFtuvwx
1.1 deraadt 42: .Op Fl f Ar tagsfile
1.14 jmc 43: .Ar
1.1 deraadt 44: .Sh DESCRIPTION
1.6 aaron 45: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 46: makes a tags file for
47: .Xr ex 1
48: from the specified C,
49: Pascal, Fortran,
50: .Tn YACC ,
51: lex, and lisp sources.
52: A tags file gives the locations of specified objects in a group of files.
53: Each line of the tags file contains the object name, the file in which it
54: is defined, and a search pattern for the object definition, separated by
1.8 aaron 55: whitespace.
1.9 aaron 56: .Pp
1.1 deraadt 57: Using the
58: .Ar tags
59: file,
60: .Xr ex 1
61: can quickly locate these object definitions.
62: Depending upon the options provided to
63: .Nm ctags ,
64: objects will consist of subroutines, typedefs, defines, structs,
1.3 aaron 65: enums, and unions.
1.9 aaron 66: .Pp
67: The options are as follows:
1.1 deraadt 68: .Bl -tag -width Ds
69: .It Fl a
1.3 aaron 70: Append to
1.1 deraadt 71: .Ar tags
72: file.
1.14 jmc 73: .It Fl B
74: Use backward searching patterns
75: .Pq Li ?...? .
1.1 deraadt 76: .It Fl d
1.3 aaron 77: Create tags for
1.1 deraadt 78: .Li #defines
79: that don't take arguments;
80: .Li #defines
81: that take arguments are tagged automatically.
1.14 jmc 82: .It Fl F
83: Use forward searching patterns
84: .Pq Li /.../
85: (the default).
1.7 deraadt 86: .It Fl f Ar tagsfile
1.1 deraadt 87: Places the tag descriptions in a file called
88: .Ar tagsfile .
89: The default behaviour is to place them in a file called
90: .Ar tags .
91: .It Fl t
1.3 aaron 92: Create tags for typedefs, structs, unions, and enums.
1.1 deraadt 93: .It Fl u
1.3 aaron 94: Update the specified files in the
1.1 deraadt 95: .Ar tags
96: file, that is, all
97: references to them are deleted, and the new values are appended to the
1.9 aaron 98: file.
99: (Beware: this option is implemented in a way which is rather
1.1 deraadt 100: slow; it is usually faster to simply rebuild the
101: .Ar tags
102: file.)
103: .It Fl v
1.22 ! jmc 104: An index of the form expected by vgrind
1.9 aaron 105: is produced on the standard output.
106: This listing contains the object name, file name, and page number (assuming
107: 64 line pages).
108: Since the output will be sorted into lexicographic order,
1.1 deraadt 109: it may be desired to run the output through
110: .Xr sort 1 .
111: Sample use:
112: .Bd -literal -offset indent
1.11 mpech 113: $ ctags \-v files \&| sort \-f > index
114: $ vgrind \-x index
1.1 deraadt 115: .Ed
116: .It Fl w
1.3 aaron 117: Suppress warning diagnostics.
1.1 deraadt 118: .It Fl x
1.6 aaron 119: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 120: produces a list of object
121: names, the line number and file name on which each is defined, as well
1.9 aaron 122: as the text of that line and prints this on the standard output.
123: This is a simple index which can be printed out as an off-line readable
1.1 deraadt 124: function index.
125: .El
126: .Pp
127: Files whose names end in
1.9 aaron 128: .Dq \&.c
1.1 deraadt 129: or
1.9 aaron 130: .Dq \&.h
1.1 deraadt 131: are assumed to be C
132: source files and are searched for C style routine and macro definitions.
133: Files whose names end in
1.9 aaron 134: .Dq \&.y
1.1 deraadt 135: are assumed to be
136: .Tn YACC
137: source files.
138: Files whose names end in
1.9 aaron 139: .Dq \&.l
1.1 deraadt 140: are assumed to be lisp files if their
1.9 aaron 141: first non-blank character is
142: .Ql \&; ,
1.19 schwarze 143: .Ql \&( ,
1.9 aaron 144: or
1.19 schwarze 145: .Ql \&[ ,
1.1 deraadt 146: otherwise, they are
1.9 aaron 147: treated as lex files.
148: Other files are first examined to see if they
1.1 deraadt 149: contain any Pascal or Fortran routine definitions, and, if not, are
150: searched for C style definitions.
151: .Pp
152: The tag
153: .Li main
1.9 aaron 154: is treated specially in C programs.
155: The tag formed is created by prepending
156: .Sq M
1.1 deraadt 157: to the name of the file, with the
158: trailing
1.9 aaron 159: .Dq \&.c
160: and any leading pathname components removed.
161: This makes use of
1.6 aaron 162: .Nm
1.9 aaron 163: practical in directories with more than one program.
1.1 deraadt 164: .Pp
165: Yacc and lex files each have a special tag.
166: .Ar Yyparse
167: is the start
168: of the second section of the yacc file, and
169: .Ar yylex
170: is the start of
171: the second section of the lex file.
172: .Sh FILES
173: .Bl -tag -width tags -compact
174: .It Pa tags
175: default output tags file
176: .El
1.20 jmc 177: .Sh EXIT STATUS
178: .Ex -std ctags
1.21 jmc 179: .Pp
180: Duplicate objects are not considered errors.
1.1 deraadt 181: .Sh SEE ALSO
182: .Xr ex 1 ,
183: .Xr vi 1
1.15 jmc 184: .Sh STANDARDS
185: The
186: .Nm
187: utility is compliant with the
1.17 jmc 188: .St -p1003.1-2008
1.18 jmc 189: specification,
190: though its presence is optional.
1.15 jmc 191: .Pp
192: The flags
193: .Op Fl BdFtuvw
194: are extensions to that specification.
1.10 aaron 195: .Sh HISTORY
196: The
197: .Nm
198: command appeared in
199: .Bx 3.0 .
1.1 deraadt 200: .Sh BUGS
201: Recognition of
1.6 aaron 202: .Nm functions ,
1.10 aaron 203: .Nm subroutines ,
1.1 deraadt 204: and
205: .Nm procedures
206: for
207: .Tn FORTRAN
1.9 aaron 208: and Pascal is done in a very simple-minded way.
209: No attempt
1.1 deraadt 210: is made to deal with block structure; if you have two Pascal procedures
211: in different blocks with the same name you lose.
1.6 aaron 212: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 213: doesn't
214: understand about Pascal types.
215: .Pp
216: The method of deciding whether to look for C, Pascal or
217: .Tn FORTRAN
218: functions is a hack.
219: .Pp
1.6 aaron 220: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 221: relies on the input being well formed, and any syntactical
1.9 aaron 222: errors will completely confuse it.
223: It also finds some legal syntax confusing; for example,
224: since it doesn't understand
1.1 deraadt 225: .Li #ifdef Ns 's
226: (incidentally, that's a feature, not a bug), any code with unbalanced
227: braces inside
228: .Li #ifdef Ns 's
229: will cause it to become somewhat disoriented.
230: In a similar fashion, multiple line changes within a definition will
231: cause it to enter the last line of the object, rather than the first, as
1.9 aaron 232: the searching pattern.
233: The last line of multiple line
1.1 deraadt 234: .Li typedef Ns 's
235: will similarly be noted.
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