Annotation of src/usr.bin/ctags/ctags.1, Revision 1.28
1.28 ! jmc 1: .\" $OpenBSD: ctags.1,v 1.27 2014/02/01 23:36:30 jmc Exp $
1.1 deraadt 2: .\" $NetBSD: ctags.1,v 1.4 1995/03/26 20:14:04 glass Exp $
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1.28 ! jmc 33: .Dd $Mdocdate: February 1 2014 $
1.1 deraadt 34: .Dt CTAGS 1
1.5 aaron 35: .Os
1.1 deraadt 36: .Sh NAME
37: .Nm ctags
38: .Nd create a tags file
39: .Sh SYNOPSIS
40: .Nm ctags
1.23 millert 41: .Op Fl aBdFuvwx
1.1 deraadt 42: .Op Fl f Ar tagsfile
1.14 jmc 43: .Ar
1.1 deraadt 44: .Sh DESCRIPTION
1.6 aaron 45: .Nm
1.24 jmc 46: makes a tags file from the specified C, Pascal, Fortran,
47: YACC, lex, and Lisp sources.
1.1 deraadt 48: A tags file gives the locations of specified objects in a group of files.
49: Each line of the tags file contains the object name, the file in which it
50: is defined, and a search pattern for the object definition, separated by
1.8 aaron 51: whitespace.
1.9 aaron 52: .Pp
1.1 deraadt 53: Using the
54: .Ar tags
55: file,
1.23 millert 56: a text editor such as
1.1 deraadt 57: .Xr ex 1
1.23 millert 58: or
59: .Xr vi 1
1.1 deraadt 60: can quickly locate these object definitions.
1.23 millert 61: Indexed objects include subroutines, typedefs, defines, structs,
1.3 aaron 62: enums, and unions.
1.9 aaron 63: .Pp
64: The options are as follows:
1.1 deraadt 65: .Bl -tag -width Ds
66: .It Fl a
1.3 aaron 67: Append to
1.1 deraadt 68: .Ar tags
69: file.
1.14 jmc 70: .It Fl B
71: Use backward searching patterns
72: .Pq Li ?...? .
1.1 deraadt 73: .It Fl d
1.3 aaron 74: Create tags for
1.1 deraadt 75: .Li #defines
76: that don't take arguments;
77: .Li #defines
78: that take arguments are tagged automatically.
1.14 jmc 79: .It Fl F
80: Use forward searching patterns
81: .Pq Li /.../
82: (the default).
1.7 deraadt 83: .It Fl f Ar tagsfile
1.1 deraadt 84: Places the tag descriptions in a file called
85: .Ar tagsfile .
86: The default behaviour is to place them in a file called
87: .Ar tags .
88: .It Fl u
1.3 aaron 89: Update the specified files in the
1.1 deraadt 90: .Ar tags
91: file, that is, all
92: references to them are deleted, and the new values are appended to the
1.9 aaron 93: file.
94: (Beware: this option is implemented in a way which is rather
1.1 deraadt 95: slow; it is usually faster to simply rebuild the
96: .Ar tags
97: file.)
98: .It Fl v
1.22 jmc 99: An index of the form expected by vgrind
1.9 aaron 100: is produced on the standard output.
101: This listing contains the object name, file name, and page number (assuming
102: 64 line pages).
103: Since the output will be sorted into lexicographic order,
1.1 deraadt 104: it may be desired to run the output through
105: .Xr sort 1 .
106: Sample use:
107: .Bd -literal -offset indent
1.25 jmc 108: $ ctags -v files | sort -f > index
109: $ vgrind -x index
1.1 deraadt 110: .Ed
111: .It Fl w
1.3 aaron 112: Suppress warning diagnostics.
1.1 deraadt 113: .It Fl x
1.6 aaron 114: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 115: produces a list of object
116: names, the line number and file name on which each is defined, as well
1.9 aaron 117: as the text of that line and prints this on the standard output.
118: This is a simple index which can be printed out as an off-line readable
1.1 deraadt 119: function index.
120: .El
121: .Pp
122: Files whose names end in
1.9 aaron 123: .Dq \&.c
1.1 deraadt 124: or
1.9 aaron 125: .Dq \&.h
1.1 deraadt 126: are assumed to be C
127: source files and are searched for C style routine and macro definitions.
128: Files whose names end in
1.9 aaron 129: .Dq \&.y
1.1 deraadt 130: are assumed to be
131: .Tn YACC
132: source files.
133: Files whose names end in
1.9 aaron 134: .Dq \&.l
1.23 millert 135: are assumed to be Lisp files if their
1.9 aaron 136: first non-blank character is
137: .Ql \&; ,
1.19 schwarze 138: .Ql \&( ,
1.9 aaron 139: or
1.19 schwarze 140: .Ql \&[ ,
1.1 deraadt 141: otherwise, they are
1.9 aaron 142: treated as lex files.
143: Other files are first examined to see if they
1.28 ! jmc 144: contain any Pascal or Fortran routine definitions and, if not, are
1.1 deraadt 145: searched for C style definitions.
146: .Pp
147: The tag
148: .Li main
1.9 aaron 149: is treated specially in C programs.
150: The tag formed is created by prepending
151: .Sq M
1.1 deraadt 152: to the name of the file, with the
153: trailing
1.9 aaron 154: .Dq \&.c
155: and any leading pathname components removed.
156: This makes use of
1.6 aaron 157: .Nm
1.9 aaron 158: practical in directories with more than one program.
1.1 deraadt 159: .Pp
160: Yacc and lex files each have a special tag.
161: .Ar Yyparse
162: is the start
163: of the second section of the yacc file, and
164: .Ar yylex
165: is the start of
166: the second section of the lex file.
167: .Sh FILES
168: .Bl -tag -width tags -compact
169: .It Pa tags
170: default output tags file
171: .El
1.20 jmc 172: .Sh EXIT STATUS
173: .Ex -std ctags
1.21 jmc 174: .Pp
175: Duplicate objects are not considered errors.
1.1 deraadt 176: .Sh SEE ALSO
177: .Xr vi 1
1.15 jmc 178: .Sh STANDARDS
179: The
180: .Nm
181: utility is compliant with the
1.17 jmc 182: .St -p1003.1-2008
1.18 jmc 183: specification,
184: though its presence is optional.
1.15 jmc 185: .Pp
186: The flags
1.23 millert 187: .Op Fl BdFuvw
1.15 jmc 188: are extensions to that specification.
1.27 jmc 189: .Pp
190: Support for Pascal, YACC, lex, and Lisp source files
191: is an
192: .St -p1003.1-2008
193: extension.
194: The standard notes that
195: .Nm
196: is
197: .Qo
198: not required to accommodate these languages,
199: although implementors are encouraged to do so
200: .Qc .
1.10 aaron 201: .Sh HISTORY
202: The
203: .Nm
204: command appeared in
1.26 schwarze 205: .Bx 2 .
1.1 deraadt 206: .Sh BUGS
207: Recognition of
1.6 aaron 208: .Nm functions ,
1.10 aaron 209: .Nm subroutines ,
1.1 deraadt 210: and
211: .Nm procedures
212: for
213: .Tn FORTRAN
1.9 aaron 214: and Pascal is done in a very simple-minded way.
215: No attempt
1.1 deraadt 216: is made to deal with block structure; if you have two Pascal procedures
217: in different blocks with the same name you lose.
1.6 aaron 218: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 219: doesn't
220: understand about Pascal types.
221: .Pp
222: The method of deciding whether to look for C, Pascal or
223: .Tn FORTRAN
224: functions is a hack.
225: .Pp
1.6 aaron 226: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 227: relies on the input being well formed, and any syntactical
1.9 aaron 228: errors will completely confuse it.
229: It also finds some legal syntax confusing; for example,
230: since it doesn't understand
1.1 deraadt 231: .Li #ifdef Ns 's
232: (incidentally, that's a feature, not a bug), any code with unbalanced
233: braces inside
234: .Li #ifdef Ns 's
235: will cause it to become somewhat disoriented.
236: In a similar fashion, multiple line changes within a definition will
237: cause it to enter the last line of the object, rather than the first, as
1.9 aaron 238: the searching pattern.
239: The last line of multiple line
1.1 deraadt 240: .Li typedef Ns 's
241: will similarly be noted.
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