Annotation of src/usr.bin/dig/host.1, Revision 1.2
1.2 ! jmc 1: .\" $OpenBSD: host.1,v 1.1 2020/02/07 09:58:52 florian Exp $
1.1 florian 2: .\"
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1.2 ! jmc 17: .Dd $Mdocdate: February 7 2020 $
1.1 florian 18: .Dt HOST 1
19: .Os
20: .Sh NAME
21: .Nm host
22: .Nd DNS lookup utility
23: .Sh SYNOPSIS
24: .Nm
25: .Op Fl 46aCdilrsTVvw
26: .Op Fl c Ar class
27: .Op Fl m Ar flag
28: .Op Fl N Ar ndots
29: .Op Fl R Ar number
30: .Op Fl t Ar type
31: .Op Fl W Ar wait
32: .Ar name
33: .Op Ar server
34: .Sh DESCRIPTION
35: The
36: .Nm
37: command is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups.
38: It is normally used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa.
39: .Pp
40: .Ar name
41: is the domain name that is to be looked up.
42: It can also be a dotted-decimal IPv4 address or a colon-delimited IPv6
43: address, in which case
44: .Nm
45: will by default perform a reverse lookup for that address.
46: .Ar server
47: is an optional argument which is either the name or IP address of the name
48: server that
49: .Nm
50: should query instead of the server or servers listed in
51: .Pa /etc/resolv.conf .
52: .Pp
53: The options are as follows:
54: .Bl -tag -width Ds
55: .It Fl 4
56: Use IPv4 only for query transport.
57: .It Fl 6
58: Use IPv6 only for query transport.
59: .It Fl a
60: "All". The
61: .Fl a
62: option is normally equivalent to
63: .Fl v
64: .Fl t Cm ANY .
65: It also affects the behaviour of the
66: .Fl l
67: list zone option.
68: .It Fl C
69: Check consistency:
70: .Nm
71: will query the SOA records for zone
72: .Ar name
73: from all the listed authoritative name servers for that zone.
74: The list of name servers is defined by the NS records that are found for the
75: zone.
76: .It Fl c Ar class
77: Query class: This can be used to lookup
78: .Cm HS
79: (Hesiod)
80: or
81: .Cm CH
82: (Chaosnet) class resource records.
83: The default class is
84: .Cm IN
85: (Internet).
86: .It Fl d
87: Print debugging traces.
88: Equivalent to the
89: .Fl v
90: verbose option.
91: .It Fl i
92: Obsolete.
93: Use the IP6.INT domain for reverse lookups of IPv6 addresses as defined in
1.2 ! jmc 94: RFC 1886 and deprecated in RFC 4159.
! 95: The default is to use IP6.ARPA as specified in RFC 3596.
1.1 florian 96: .It Fl l
97: List zone:
98: The
99: .Nm
100: command performs a zone transfer of
101: zone
102: .Ar name
103: and prints out the NS, PTR and address records (A/AAAA).
104: .Pp
105: Together, the
106: .Fl l
107: .Fl a
108: options print all records in the zone.
109: .It Fl m Ar flag
110: Memory usage debugging: the flag can be
111: .Cm record ,
112: .Cm usage ,
113: or
114: .Cm trace .
115: You can specify the
116: .Fl m
117: option more than once to set multiple flags.
118: .It Fl N Ar ndots
119: The number of dots that have to be in
120: .Ar name
121: for it to be considered absolute.
122: The default value is that defined using the ndots statement in
123: .Pa /etc/resolv.conf ,
124: or 1 if no ndots statement is present.
125: Names with fewer dots are interpreted as relative names and will be searched for
126: in the domains listed in the
127: .Vt search
128: or
129: .Vt domain
130: directive in
131: .Pa /etc/resolv.conf .
132: .It Fl R Ar number
133: Number of retries for UDP queries:
134: If
135: .Ar number
136: is negative or zero, the number of retries will default to 1. The default value
137: is 1.
138: .It Fl r
139: Non-recursive query:
140: Setting this option clears the RD (recursion desired) bit in the query.
141: This should mean that the name server receiving the query will not attempt to
142: resolve
143: .Ar name .
144: The
145: .Fl r
146: option enables
147: .Nm
148: to mimic the behavior of a name server by making non-recursive queries and
149: expecting to receive answers to those queries that can be referrals to other
150: name servers.
151: .It Fl s
152: Do
153: .Em not
154: send the query to the next name server if any server responds with a SERVFAIL
155: response, which is the reverse of normal stub resolver behavior.
156: .It Fl T
157: TCP:
158: By default,
159: .Nm
160: uses UDP when making queries.
161: The
162: .Fl T
163: option makes it use a TCP connection when querying the name server.
164: TCP will be automatically selected for queries that require it, such as zone
165: transfer (AXFR) requests.
166: .It Fl t Ar type
167: Query type:
168: The
169: .Ar type
170: argument can be any recognized query type:
171: .Cm CNAME ,
172: .Cm NS ,
173: .Cm SOA ,
174: .Cm TXT ,
175: .Cm DNSKEY ,
176: .Cm AXFR ,
177: etc.
178: .Pp
179: When no query type is specified,
180: .Nm
181: automatically selects an appropriate query type.
182: By default, it looks for A, AAAA, and MX records.
183: If the
184: .Fl C
185: option is given, queries will be made for SOA records.
186: If
187: .Ar name
188: is a dotted-decimal IPv4 address or colon-delimited IPv6 address,
189: .Nm
190: will query for PTR records.
191: .Pp
192: If a query type of
193: .Cm IXFR
194: is chosen the starting serial number can be specified by appending an equal
195: followed by the starting serial number (like
196: .Fl t Cm IXFR= Ns Ar 12345678 ) .
197: .It Fl V
198: Print the version number and exit.
199: .It Fl v
200: Verbose output.
201: Equivalent to the
202: .Fl d
203: debug option.
204: .It Fl W Ar wait
205: Timeout: Wait for up to
206: .Ar wait
207: seconds for a reply.
208: If
209: .Ar wait
210: is less than one, the wait interval is set to one second.
211: .Pp
212: By default,
213: .Nm
214: will wait for 5 seconds for UDP responses and 10 seconds for TCP connections.
215: .It Fl w
216: Wait forever: The query timeout is set to the maximum possible.
217: .El
218: .Sh FILES
219: .Pa /etc/resolv.conf
220: .Sh SEE ALSO
221: .Xr dig 1
222: .Sh AUTHORS
223: .An -nosplit
224: .An Internet Systems Consortium, Inc .
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