Annotation of src/usr.bin/last/last.1, Revision 1.21
1.21 ! millert 1: .\" $OpenBSD: last.1,v 1.20 2003/06/03 02:56:09 millert Exp $
1.1 deraadt 2: .\" $NetBSD: last.1,v 1.3 1994/12/21 22:41:23 jtc Exp $
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1.1 deraadt 16: .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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31: .\" @(#)last.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
32: .\"
33: .Dd June 6, 1993
34: .Dt LAST 1
1.10 aaron 35: .Os
1.1 deraadt 36: .Sh NAME
37: .Nm last
38: .Nd indicate last logins of users and ttys
39: .Sh SYNOPSIS
40: .Nm last
1.13 aaron 41: .Op Fl csT
1.21 ! millert 42: .Op Fl Ns Ar number
1.1 deraadt 43: .Op Fl f Ar file
44: .Op Fl h Ar host
1.21 ! millert 45: .Op Fl n Ar number
1.1 deraadt 46: .Op Fl t Ar tty
1.19 deraadt 47: .Op Fl d Ar [[[CC]YY]MMDD]hhmm[.SS]
1.7 aaron 48: .Op Ar user ...
1.1 deraadt 49: .Sh DESCRIPTION
1.13 aaron 50: The
1.14 aaron 51: .Nm
1.13 aaron 52: utility will either (1) list the sessions of specified
1.1 deraadt 53: .Ar users ,
54: .Ar ttys ,
55: and
1.10 aaron 56: .Ar hosts ,
57: in reverse time order,
1.3 jdm 58: or (2) list the users logged in at a specified snapshot date & time
1.13 aaron 59: in reverse time order.
60: Each line of output contains
1.1 deraadt 61: the user name, the tty from which the session was conducted, any
62: hostname, the start and stop times for the session, and the duration
1.13 aaron 63: of the session.
64: If the session is still continuing or was cut short by
1.1 deraadt 65: a crash or shutdown,
1.14 aaron 66: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 67: will so indicate.
1.13 aaron 68: .Pp
69: The options are as follows:
1.21 ! millert 70: .Bl -tag -width "-n number"
! 71: .It Fl Ns Ar number
! 72: Same as the
! 73: .Fl n
! 74: option (deprecated).
1.6 downsj 75: .It Fl c
76: Calculates the total time displayed and prints it after the output.
1.1 deraadt 77: .It Fl f Ar file
1.14 aaron 78: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 79: reads the file
80: .Ar file
81: instead of the default,
82: .Pa /var/log/wtmp .
1.21 ! millert 83: .It Fl n Ar number
1.1 deraadt 84: Limits the report to
1.21 ! millert 85: .Ar number
1.1 deraadt 86: lines.
1.13 aaron 87: .It Fl s
1.11 alex 88: Display time values in seconds since the epoch, instead of formatted dates.
1.1 deraadt 89: .It Fl t Ar tty
90: Specify the
91: .Ar tty .
1.7 aaron 92: tty names may be given fully or abbreviated, for example,
1.13 aaron 93: .Ic last -t 03
1.1 deraadt 94: is
95: equivalent to
1.13 aaron 96: .Ic last -t tty03 .
1.1 deraadt 97: .It Fl h Ar host
1.7 aaron 98: .Ar host
1.1 deraadt 99: names may be names or internet numbers.
1.4 mickey 100: .It Fl T
101: Display better time information, including seconds.
1.3 jdm 102: .It Fl d Ar date
1.10 aaron 103: Specify the snapshot date & time.
1.3 jdm 104: All users logged in at the snapshot date & time will
105: be reported.
1.10 aaron 106: This may be used with the
1.7 aaron 107: .Fl f
1.3 jdm 108: option to derive the results from stored wtmp files.
109: When this argument is provided, all other options except for
1.7 aaron 110: .Fl f
1.10 aaron 111: and
1.7 aaron 112: .Fl n
1.3 jdm 113: are ignored.
114: The argument should be in the form
1.19 deraadt 115: .Dq [[[CC]YY]MMDD]hhmm[.SS]
1.3 jdm 116: where each pair of letters represents the following:
117: .Pp
118: .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact -offset indent
119: .It Ar CC
120: The first two digits of the year (the century).
121: .It Ar YY
122: The second two digits of the year.
123: If
124: .Dq YY
125: is specified, but
126: .Dq CC
127: is not, a value for
128: .Dq YY
129: between 69 and 99 results in a
1.15 deraadt 130: .Dq CC
1.3 jdm 131: value of 19.
132: Otherwise, a
1.15 deraadt 133: .Dq CC
1.3 jdm 134: value of 20 is used.
135: .It Ar MM
1.7 aaron 136: Month of the year, from 1 to 12.
1.3 jdm 137: .It Ar DD
1.7 aaron 138: Day of the month, from 1 to 31.
1.3 jdm 139: .It Ar hh
1.7 aaron 140: Hour of the day, from 0 to 23.
1.3 jdm 141: .It Ar mm
1.7 aaron 142: Minute of the hour, from 0 to 59.
1.3 jdm 143: .It Ar SS
1.7 aaron 144: Second of the minute, from 0 to 61.
1.3 jdm 145: .El
146: .Pp
147: If the
148: .Dq CC
149: and
150: .Dq YY
151: letter pairs are not specified, the values default to the current
152: year.
153: If the
154: .Dq SS
155: letter pair is not specified, the value defaults to 0.
1.1 deraadt 156: .El
157: .Pp
158: If
1.3 jdm 159: multiple arguments are given, and a snapshot time is not specified, the
160: information which applies to any of the
1.1 deraadt 161: arguments is printed, e.g.,
1.13 aaron 162: .Ic last root -t console
1.1 deraadt 163: would list all of
1.13 aaron 164: .Li root Ns 's
1.14 aaron 165: sessions as well as all sessions on the console terminal.
166: If no users, hostnames, or terminals are specified,
167: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 168: prints a record of
169: all logins and logouts.
170: .Pp
171: The pseudo-user
1.13 aaron 172: .Dq reboot
1.9 pjanzen 173: logs in at reboots of the system; thus
1.13 aaron 174: .Ic last reboot
1.1 deraadt 175: will give an indication of mean time between reboot.
176: .Pp
177: If
1.14 aaron 178: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 179: is interrupted, it indicates to what date the search has
1.13 aaron 180: progressed.
181: If interrupted with a quit signal
1.14 aaron 182: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 183: indicates how
184: far the search has progressed and then continues.
185: .Sh FILES
186: .Bl -tag -width /var/log/wtmp -compact
187: .It Pa /var/log/wtmp
1.18 millert 188: login database
1.1 deraadt 189: .El
190: .Sh SEE ALSO
191: .Xr lastcomm 1 ,
192: .Xr utmp 5 ,
193: .Xr ac 8
194: .Sh HISTORY
1.12 aaron 195: The
1.14 aaron 196: .Nm
1.12 aaron 197: command appeared in
1.1 deraadt 198: .Bx 3.0 .
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