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Diff for /src/usr.bin/locale/locale.1 between version 1.5 and 1.6

version 1.5, 2015/08/12 09:38:23 version 1.6, 2016/10/24 13:27:06
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 .\" $OpenBSD$  .\" $OpenBSD$
 .\"  .\"
   .\" Copyright 2016 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
 .\" Copyright 2013 Stefan Sperling <stsp@openbsd.org>  .\" Copyright 2013 Stefan Sperling <stsp@openbsd.org>
 .\"  .\"
 .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any  .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
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 .Os  .Os
 .Sh NAME  .Sh NAME
 .Nm locale  .Nm locale
 .Nd get locale-specific information  .Nd character encoding and localization conventions
 .Sh SYNOPSIS  .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .Nm locale  .Nm locale
 .Op Fl a | Fl m  .Op Fl a | Fl m
 .Sh DESCRIPTION  .Sh DESCRIPTION
 If  A locale is a set of environment variables telling programs which
   character encoding, language and cultural conventions the user
   prefers.
   The only non-default setting recommended for
   .Ox
   is:
   .Pp
   .Dl export LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8
   .Pp
   If the
 .Nm  .Nm
 is invoked without any arguments, the current locale configuration is shown.  utility is invoked without any arguments, the current locale
   configuration is shown.
 .Pp  .Pp
 The options are as follows:  The options are as follows:
 .Bl -tag -width Ds  .Bl -tag -width Ds
 .It Fl a  .It Fl a
 Display a list of supported locales.  Display a list of supported locales.
 .It Fl m  .It Fl m
 Display a list of supported character sets.  Display a list of supported character encodings.
   On
   .Ox ,
   this always returns UTF-8 only.
 .El  .El
   .Pp
   Programs in the
   .Ox
   base system ignore the locale except for the character encoding.
   Programs installed from
   .Xr packages 7
   may or may not change behavior according to the locale.
   Many programs use the X/Open System Interfaces naming scheme
   for the contents of the variables listed below, which is
   .Sm off
   .Ar language
   .Op _ Ar TERRITORY
   .Op \&. Ar encoding
   .Op @ Ar modifier
   .Sm on
   .Pp
   The behavior of some library functions may also depend on the locale,
   and it does on most other operating systems.
   The
   .Ox
   C library tends to avoid locale-dependent behavior except with
   respect to character encoding.
   See the manual pages of individual functions for details.
   .Pp
   The character encoding locale
   .Ev LC_CTYPE
   instructs programs which character encoding to assume for text input
   and to use for text output.
   A character encoding maps each character of a given character set
   to a byte sequence suitable for storing or transmitting the character.
   .Pp
   The
   .Ox
   base system supports two locales: the default of
   .Li LC_CTYPE=C
   selects the US-ASCII character set and encoding, treating the bytes
   0x80 to 0xff as non-printable characters of application-specific
   meaning, whereas
   .Li LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8
   selects the UTF-8 encoding of the Unicode character set.
   .Li LC_CTYPE=POSIX
   is an alias for
   .Li LC_CTYPE=C .
   .Pp
   If the value of
   .Ev LC_CTYPE
   ends in
   .Ql .UTF-8 ,
   programs in the
   .Ox
   base system ignore the beginning of it, treating for example zh_CN.UTF-8
   exactly like en_US.UTF-8.
   Programs from
   .Xr packages 7
   may however make a difference.
   If the value of
   .Ev LC_CTYPE
   is unsupported, programs and libraries in the
   .Ox
   base systems fall back to
   .Li LC_CTYPE=C .
   .Pp
   Some programs, for example
   .Xr write 1 ,
   deliberately ignore the locale and always use US-ASCII only.
   See the manual pages of individual programs for details.
 .Sh ENVIRONMENT  .Sh ENVIRONMENT
 The locale configuration consists of the following environment variables:  The locale configuration consists of the following environment variables:
 .Pp  .Bl -tag -width LC_MONETARYX
 .Bl -tag -width LC_MONETARYXXX -compact  .It Ev LC_ALL
 .It Dv LC_ALL  Overrides all other
 Overrides all other LC_* variables below.  .Ev LC_*
 .It Dv LC_COLLATE  variables below.
 Locale for string collation routines.  .It Ev LC_COLLATE
 .It Dv LC_CTYPE  Intended to affect collation order.
 Locale for character set.  It may for example affect alphabetic sorting, regular expressions
 .It Dv LC_MESSAGES  including equivalence classes, and the
 Locale for message strings.  .Xr strcoll 3
 .It Dv LC_MONETARY  and
 Locale for formatting monetary values.  .Xr strxfrm 3
 .It Dv LC_NUMERIC  functions.
 Locale for formatting numbers.  .It Ev LC_CTYPE
 .It Dv LC_TIME  Intended to affect character encoding, character classification,
 Locale for formatting dates and times.  and case conversion.
 .It Dv LANG  For example, it is used by
   .Xr mbtowc 3 ,
   .Xr iswctype 3 ,
   .Xr iswalnum 3 ,
   .Xr towlower 3 ,
   .Xr fgetwc 3 ,
   .Xr fputwc 3 ,
   .Xr printf 3 ,
   and
   .Xr scanf 3 .
   .It Ev LC_MESSAGES
   Intended to affect the output of informative and diagnostic messages
   and the interpretation of interactive responses, in particular
   regarding the language.
   It is used by
   .Xr catopen 3 .
   .It Ev LC_MONETARY
   Intended to affect monetary formatting.
   .It Ev LC_NUMERIC
   Intended to affect numeric, non-monetary formatting, for example
   the radix character and thousands separators.
   On other operating systems, it may for example affect
   .Xr printf 3 ,
   .Xr scanf 3 ,
   and
   .Xr strtod 3 .
   .It Ev LC_TIME
   Intended to affect date and time formats.
   It may for example affect
   .Xr strftime 3 .
   .It Ev LANG
 Fallback if any of the above is unset.  Fallback if any of the above is unset.
   .It Ev NLSPATH
   Used by
   .Xr catopen 3
   to locate message catalogs.
 .El  .El
   .Sh FILES
   .Bl -tag -width Ds
   .It Pa /usr/share/locale/UTF-8/LC_CTYPE
   Character classification, case conversion, and character display
   width database in
   .Xr mklocale 1
   binary output format used by
   .Xr setlocale 3 .
   .It Pa /usr/local/share/locale/
   Localization data for
   .Xr packages 7 ,
   in particular
   .Ev LC_MESSAGES
   catalogs in GNU gettext format.
   .It Pa /usr/local/share/nls/
   Localization data for
   .Xr packages 7 ,
   in particular
   .Ev LC_MESSAGES
   catalogs in
   .Xr catopen 3
   format.
   .It Pa /usr/src/share/locale/ctype/en_US.UTF-8.src
   Character classification, case conversion, and character display
   width database in
   .Xr mklocale 1
   input format.
   .It Pa /usr/libdata/perl5/unicore/
   Complete Unicode data used for generating the above database.
   .It Pa /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/perl/lib/unicore/UnicodeData.txt
   The most important parts of Unicode data in a compact, more easily
   human-readable format.
   .El
 .Sh EXIT STATUS  .Sh EXIT STATUS
 .Ex -std locale  .Ex -std locale
 .Sh SEE ALSO  .Sh SEE ALSO
 .Xr setlocale 3  .Xr mklocale 1 ,
   .Xr setlocale 3 ,
   .Xr Unicode::UCD 3p
   .Pp
   Related ports: converters/libiconv, devel/gettext, textproc/icu4c
 .Sh STANDARDS  .Sh STANDARDS
 The  With respect to locale support, most libraries and programs in the
   .Ox
   base system, including the
 .Nm  .Nm
 utility implements a subset of the  utility, implement a subset of the
 .St -p1003.1-2008  .St -p1003.1-2008
 specification.  specification.
 .Sh HISTORY  .Sh HISTORY
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 .An Philip Guenther Aq Mt guenther@openbsd.org  .An Philip Guenther Aq Mt guenther@openbsd.org
 and  and
 .An Jeremie Courreges-Anglas Aq Mt jca@openbsd.org .  .An Jeremie Courreges-Anglas Aq Mt jca@openbsd.org .
   This manual page was written by
   .An Ingo Schwarze Aq Mt schwarze@openbsd.org .
 .Sh BUGS  .Sh BUGS
   The
   .Nm
   concept is inadequate for inter-process communication.
   Two processes exchanging text, for example over a network, using
   sockets, in shared memory, or even using plain text files always
   need a protocol-specific way to negotiate the character encoding
   used.
   .Pp
 The list of supported locales is perpetually incomplete.  The list of supported locales is perpetually incomplete.
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