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When a word does not fully fit onto the output line, but it contains
at least one hyphen, we already had support for breaking the line a the
last fitting hyphen.  This patch improves this functionality by only
breaking at hyphens in free-form text, and by not breaking at hyphens
* at the beginning or end of a word   or
* immediately preceded or followed by another hyphen   or
* escaped by a preceding backslash.

Before this patch, differences in break-at-hyphen support were one
of the major sources of noise in automatic comparisons to mdoc(7)
groff output.  Now, the remaining differences are hard to find among
the noise coming from other sources.

Where there are still differences, what we do seems to be better than
what groff does, see e.g. the chio(1) exchange and position commands
for one of the now rare examples.

idea and coding by kristaps@

Besides, this was the last substantial code difference left
between bsd.lv and openbsd.org.  We are now in full sync.

/*	$Id: html.c,v 1.9 2010/05/26 02:39:58 schwarze Exp $ */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@kth.se>
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */
#include <sys/types.h>

#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "mandoc.h"
#include "out.h"
#include "chars.h"
#include "html.h"
#include "main.h"

#define	UNCONST(a)	((void *)(uintptr_t)(const void *)(a))

struct	htmldata {
	const char	 *name;
	int		  flags;
#define	HTML_CLRLINE	 (1 << 0)
#define	HTML_NOSTACK	 (1 << 1)
#define	HTML_AUTOCLOSE	 (1 << 2) /* Tag has auto-closure. */
};

static	const struct htmldata htmltags[TAG_MAX] = {
	{"html",	HTML_CLRLINE}, /* TAG_HTML */
	{"head",	HTML_CLRLINE}, /* TAG_HEAD */
	{"body",	HTML_CLRLINE}, /* TAG_BODY */
	{"meta",	HTML_CLRLINE | HTML_NOSTACK | HTML_AUTOCLOSE}, /* TAG_META */
	{"title",	HTML_CLRLINE}, /* TAG_TITLE */
	{"div",		HTML_CLRLINE}, /* TAG_DIV */
	{"h1",		0}, /* TAG_H1 */
	{"h2",		0}, /* TAG_H2 */
	{"span",	0}, /* TAG_SPAN */
	{"link",	HTML_CLRLINE | HTML_NOSTACK | HTML_AUTOCLOSE}, /* TAG_LINK */
	{"br",		HTML_CLRLINE | HTML_NOSTACK | HTML_AUTOCLOSE}, /* TAG_BR */
	{"a",		0}, /* TAG_A */
	{"table",	HTML_CLRLINE}, /* TAG_TABLE */
	{"col",		HTML_CLRLINE | HTML_NOSTACK | HTML_AUTOCLOSE}, /* TAG_COL */
	{"tr",		HTML_CLRLINE}, /* TAG_TR */
	{"td",		HTML_CLRLINE}, /* TAG_TD */
	{"li",		HTML_CLRLINE}, /* TAG_LI */
	{"ul",		HTML_CLRLINE}, /* TAG_UL */
	{"ol",		HTML_CLRLINE}, /* TAG_OL */
};

static	const char	*const htmlfonts[HTMLFONT_MAX] = {
	"roman",
	"bold",
	"italic"
};

static	const char	*const htmlattrs[ATTR_MAX] = {
	"http-equiv",
	"content",
	"name",
	"rel",
	"href",
	"type",
	"media",
	"class",
	"style",
	"width",
	"valign",
	"target",
	"id",
	"summary",
};

static	void		  print_spec(struct html *, const char *, size_t);
static	void		  print_res(struct html *, const char *, size_t);
static	void		  print_ctag(struct html *, enum htmltag);
static	void		  print_doctype(struct html *);
static	void		  print_xmltype(struct html *);
static	int		  print_encode(struct html *, const char *, int);
static	void		  print_metaf(struct html *, enum roffdeco);
static	void		  print_attr(struct html *, 
				const char *, const char *);
static	void		 *ml_alloc(char *, enum htmltype);


static void *
ml_alloc(char *outopts, enum htmltype type)
{
	struct html	*h;
	const char	*toks[4];
	char		*v;

	toks[0] = "style";
	toks[1] = "man";
	toks[2] = "includes";
	toks[3] = NULL;

	h = calloc(1, sizeof(struct html));
	if (NULL == h) {
		perror(NULL);
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}

	h->type = type;
	h->tags.head = NULL;
	h->ords.head = NULL;
	h->symtab = chars_init(CHARS_HTML);

	while (outopts && *outopts)
		switch (getsubopt(&outopts, UNCONST(toks), &v)) {
		case (0):
			h->style = v;
			break;
		case (1):
			h->base_man = v;
			break;
		case (2):
			h->base_includes = v;
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}

	return(h);
}

void *
html_alloc(char *outopts)
{

	return(ml_alloc(outopts, HTML_HTML_4_01_STRICT));
}


void *
xhtml_alloc(char *outopts)
{

	return(ml_alloc(outopts, HTML_XHTML_1_0_STRICT));
}


void
html_free(void *p)
{
	struct tag	*tag;
	struct ord	*ord;
	struct html	*h;

	h = (struct html *)p;

	while ((ord = h->ords.head) != NULL) { 
		h->ords.head = ord->next;
		free(ord);
	}

	while ((tag = h->tags.head) != NULL) {
		h->tags.head = tag->next;	
		free(tag);
	}
	
	if (h->symtab)
		chars_free(h->symtab);

	free(h);
}


void
print_gen_head(struct html *h)
{
	struct htmlpair	 tag[4];

	tag[0].key = ATTR_HTTPEQUIV;
	tag[0].val = "Content-Type";
	tag[1].key = ATTR_CONTENT;
	tag[1].val = "text/html; charset=utf-8";
	print_otag(h, TAG_META, 2, tag);

	tag[0].key = ATTR_NAME;
	tag[0].val = "resource-type";
	tag[1].key = ATTR_CONTENT;
	tag[1].val = "document";
	print_otag(h, TAG_META, 2, tag);

	if (h->style) {
		tag[0].key = ATTR_REL;
		tag[0].val = "stylesheet";
		tag[1].key = ATTR_HREF;
		tag[1].val = h->style;
		tag[2].key = ATTR_TYPE;
		tag[2].val = "text/css";
		tag[3].key = ATTR_MEDIA;
		tag[3].val = "all";
		print_otag(h, TAG_LINK, 4, tag);
	}
}


static void
print_spec(struct html *h, const char *p, size_t len)
{
	const char	*rhs;
	size_t		 sz;

	rhs = chars_a2ascii(h->symtab, p, len, &sz);

	if (NULL == rhs) 
		return;
	fwrite(rhs, 1, sz, stdout);
}


static void
print_res(struct html *h, const char *p, size_t len)
{
	const char	*rhs;
	size_t		 sz;

	rhs = chars_a2res(h->symtab, p, len, &sz);

	if (NULL == rhs)
		return;
	fwrite(rhs, 1, sz, stdout);
}


struct tag *
print_ofont(struct html *h, enum htmlfont font)
{
	struct htmlpair	 tag;

	h->metal = h->metac;
	h->metac = font;

	/* FIXME: DECO_ROMAN should just close out preexisting. */

	if (h->metaf && h->tags.head == h->metaf)
		print_tagq(h, h->metaf);

	PAIR_CLASS_INIT(&tag, htmlfonts[font]);
	h->metaf = print_otag(h, TAG_SPAN, 1, &tag);
	return(h->metaf);
}


static void
print_metaf(struct html *h, enum roffdeco deco)
{
	enum htmlfont	 font;

	switch (deco) {
	case (DECO_PREVIOUS):
		font = h->metal;
		break;
	case (DECO_ITALIC):
		font = HTMLFONT_ITALIC;
		break;
	case (DECO_BOLD):
		font = HTMLFONT_BOLD;
		break;
	case (DECO_ROMAN):
		font = HTMLFONT_NONE;
		break;
	default:
		abort();
		/* NOTREACHED */
	}

	(void)print_ofont(h, font);
}


static int
print_encode(struct html *h, const char *p, int norecurse)
{
	size_t		 sz;
	int		 len, nospace;
	const char	*seq;
	enum roffdeco	 deco;
	static const char rejs[6] = { '\\', '<', '>', '&', ASCII_HYPH, '\0' };

	nospace = 0;

	for (; *p; p++) {
		sz = strcspn(p, rejs);

		fwrite(p, 1, sz, stdout);
		p += /* LINTED */
			sz;

		if ('<' == *p) {
			printf("&lt;");
			continue;
		} else if ('>' == *p) {
			printf("&gt;");
			continue;
		} else if ('&' == *p) {
			printf("&amp;");
			continue;
		} else if (ASCII_HYPH == *p) {
			/*
			 * Note: "soft hyphens" aren't graphically
			 * displayed when not breaking the text; we want
			 * them to be displayed.
			 */
			/*printf("&#173;");*/
			putchar('-');
			continue;
		} else if ('\0' == *p)
			break;

		seq = ++p;
		len = a2roffdeco(&deco, &seq, &sz);

		switch (deco) {
		case (DECO_RESERVED):
			print_res(h, seq, sz);
			break;
		case (DECO_SPECIAL):
			print_spec(h, seq, sz);
			break;
		case (DECO_PREVIOUS):
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case (DECO_BOLD):
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case (DECO_ITALIC):
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case (DECO_ROMAN):
			if (norecurse)
				break;
			print_metaf(h, deco);
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}

		p += len - 1;

		if (DECO_NOSPACE == deco && '\0' == *(p + 1))
			nospace = 1;
	}

	return(nospace);
}


static void
print_attr(struct html *h, const char *key, const char *val)
{
	printf(" %s=\"", key);
	(void)print_encode(h, val, 1);
	putchar('\"');
}


struct tag *
print_otag(struct html *h, enum htmltag tag, 
		int sz, const struct htmlpair *p)
{
	int		 i;
	struct tag	*t;

	/* Push this tags onto the stack of open scopes. */

	if ( ! (HTML_NOSTACK & htmltags[tag].flags)) {
		t = malloc(sizeof(struct tag));
		if (NULL == t) {
			perror(NULL);
			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
		t->tag = tag;
		t->next = h->tags.head;
		h->tags.head = t;
	} else
		t = NULL;

	if ( ! (HTML_NOSPACE & h->flags))
		if ( ! (HTML_CLRLINE & htmltags[tag].flags))
			putchar(' ');

	/* Print out the tag name and attributes. */

	printf("<%s", htmltags[tag].name);
	for (i = 0; i < sz; i++)
		print_attr(h, htmlattrs[p[i].key], p[i].val);

	/* Add non-overridable attributes. */

	if (TAG_HTML == tag && HTML_XHTML_1_0_STRICT == h->type) {
		print_attr(h, "xmlns", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml");
		print_attr(h, "xml:lang", "en");
		print_attr(h, "lang", "en");
	}

	/* Accomodate for XML "well-formed" singleton escaping. */

	if (HTML_AUTOCLOSE & htmltags[tag].flags)
		switch (h->type) {
		case (HTML_XHTML_1_0_STRICT):
			putchar('/');
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}

	putchar('>');

	h->flags |= HTML_NOSPACE;
	return(t);
}


static void
print_ctag(struct html *h, enum htmltag tag)
{
	
	printf("</%s>", htmltags[tag].name);
	if (HTML_CLRLINE & htmltags[tag].flags) {
		h->flags |= HTML_NOSPACE;
		putchar('\n');
	} 
}


void
print_gen_decls(struct html *h)
{

	print_xmltype(h);
	print_doctype(h);
}


static void
print_xmltype(struct html *h)
{

	if (HTML_XHTML_1_0_STRICT == h->type)
		printf("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>");
}


static void
print_doctype(struct html *h)
{
	const char	*doctype;
	const char	*dtd;
	const char	*name;

	switch (h->type) {
	case (HTML_HTML_4_01_STRICT):
		name = "HTML";
		doctype = "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN";
		dtd = "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd";
		break;
	default:
		name = "html";
		doctype = "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN";
		dtd = "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";
		break;
	}

	printf("<!DOCTYPE %s PUBLIC \"%s\" \"%s\">\n", 
			name, doctype, dtd);
}


void
print_text(struct html *h, const char *p)
{

	if (*p && 0 == *(p + 1))
		switch (*p) {
		case('.'):
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case(','):
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case(';'):
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case(':'):
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case('?'):
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case('!'):
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case(')'):
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case(']'):
			if ( ! (HTML_IGNDELIM & h->flags))
				h->flags |= HTML_NOSPACE;
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}

	if ( ! (h->flags & HTML_NOSPACE))
		putchar(' ');

	assert(p);
	if ( ! print_encode(h, p, 0))
		h->flags &= ~HTML_NOSPACE;

	/* 
	 * Note that we don't process the pipe: the parser sees it as
	 * punctuation, but we don't in terms of typography.
	 */
	if (*p && 0 == *(p + 1))
		switch (*p) {
		case('('):
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case('['):
			h->flags |= HTML_NOSPACE;
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
}


void
print_tagq(struct html *h, const struct tag *until)
{
	struct tag	*tag;

	while ((tag = h->tags.head) != NULL) {
		if (tag == h->metaf)
			h->metaf = NULL;
		print_ctag(h, tag->tag);
		h->tags.head = tag->next;
		free(tag);
		if (until && tag == until)
			return;
	}
}


void
print_stagq(struct html *h, const struct tag *suntil)
{
	struct tag	*tag;

	while ((tag = h->tags.head) != NULL) {
		if (suntil && tag == suntil)
			return;
		if (tag == h->metaf)
			h->metaf = NULL;
		print_ctag(h, tag->tag);
		h->tags.head = tag->next;
		free(tag);
	}
}


void
bufinit(struct html *h)
{

	h->buf[0] = '\0';
	h->buflen = 0;
}


void
bufcat_style(struct html *h, const char *key, const char *val)
{

	bufcat(h, key);
	bufncat(h, ":", 1);
	bufcat(h, val);
	bufncat(h, ";", 1);
}


void
bufcat(struct html *h, const char *p)
{

	bufncat(h, p, strlen(p));
}


void
buffmt(struct html *h, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list		 ap;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	(void)vsnprintf(h->buf + (int)h->buflen, 
			BUFSIZ - h->buflen - 1, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
	h->buflen = strlen(h->buf);
}


void
bufncat(struct html *h, const char *p, size_t sz)
{

	if (h->buflen + sz > BUFSIZ - 1)
		sz = BUFSIZ - 1 - h->buflen;

	(void)strncat(h->buf, p, sz);
	h->buflen += sz;
}


void
buffmt_includes(struct html *h, const char *name)
{
	const char	*p, *pp;

	pp = h->base_includes;
	
	while (NULL != (p = strchr(pp, '%'))) {
		bufncat(h, pp, (size_t)(p - pp));
		switch (*(p + 1)) {
		case('I'):
			bufcat(h, name);
			break;
		default:
			bufncat(h, p, 2);
			break;
		}
		pp = p + 2;
	}
	if (pp)
		bufcat(h, pp);
}


void
buffmt_man(struct html *h, 
		const char *name, const char *sec)
{
	const char	*p, *pp;

	pp = h->base_man;
	
	/* LINTED */
	while (NULL != (p = strchr(pp, '%'))) {
		bufncat(h, pp, (size_t)(p - pp));
		switch (*(p + 1)) {
		case('S'):
			bufcat(h, sec ? sec : "1");
			break;
		case('N'):
			buffmt(h, name);
			break;
		default:
			bufncat(h, p, 2);
			break;
		}
		pp = p + 2;
	}
	if (pp)
		bufcat(h, pp);
}


void
bufcat_su(struct html *h, const char *p, const struct roffsu *su)
{
	double		 v;
	const char	*u;

	v = su->scale;

	switch (su->unit) {
	case (SCALE_CM):
		u = "cm";
		break;
	case (SCALE_IN):
		u = "in";
		break;
	case (SCALE_PC):
		u = "pc";
		break;
	case (SCALE_PT):
		u = "pt";
		break;
	case (SCALE_EM):
		u = "em";
		break;
	case (SCALE_MM):
		if (0 == (v /= 100))
			v = 1;
		u = "em";
		break;
	case (SCALE_EN):
		u = "ex";
		break;
	case (SCALE_BU):
		u = "ex";
		break;
	case (SCALE_VS):
		u = "em";
		break;
	default:
		u = "ex";
		break;
	}

	if (su->pt)
		buffmt(h, "%s: %f%s;", p, v, u);
	else
		/* LINTED */
		buffmt(h, "%s: %d%s;", p, (int)v, u);
}


void
html_idcat(char *dst, const char *src, int sz)
{
	int		 ssz;

	assert(sz);

	/* Cf. <http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/types.html#h-6.2>. */

	for ( ; *dst != '\0' && sz; dst++, sz--)
		/* Jump to end. */ ;

	assert(sz > 2);

	/* We can't start with a number (bah). */

	*dst++ = 'x';
	*dst = '\0';
	sz--;

	for ( ; *src != '\0' && sz > 1; src++) {
		ssz = snprintf(dst, (size_t)sz, "%.2x", *src);
		sz -= ssz;
		dst += ssz;
	}
}