=================================================================== RCS file: /cvsrepo/anoncvs/cvs/src/usr.bin/more/Attic/more.1,v retrieving revision 1.2 retrieving revision 1.3 diff -u -r1.2 -r1.3 --- src/usr.bin/more/Attic/more.1 1996/01/29 00:55:13 1.2 +++ src/usr.bin/more/Attic/more.1 1996/09/28 21:58:45 1.3 @@ -1,5 +1,4 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1988, 1990 The Regents of the University of California. -.\" Copyright (c) 1988 Mark Nudleman +.\" Copyright (c) 1980 The Regents of the University of California. .\" All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without @@ -30,287 +29,328 @@ .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" -.\" from: @(#)more.1 5.15 (Berkeley) 7/29/91 -.\" $Id: more.1,v 1.2 1996/01/29 00:55:13 deraadt dead $ +.\" @(#)more.1 6.6 (Berkeley) 4/18/91 .\" -.Dd July 29, 1991 -.Dt MORE 1 -.Os -.Sh NAME -.Nm more -.Nd file perusal filter for crt viewing -.Sh SYNOPSIS -.Nm more -.Op Fl ceinus -.Op Fl t Ar tag -.Op Fl x Ar tabs -.Op Fl / Ar pattern -.Op Fl # -.Op Ar -.Sh DESCRIPTION -.Nm More -is a filter for paging through text one screenful at a time. It -uses -.Xr termcap 3 -so it can run on a variety of terminals. There is even limited support -for hardcopy terminals. (On a hardcopy terminal, lines which should be -printed at the top of the screen are prefixed with an up-arrow.) -.Ar File -may be a single dash (``-''), implying stdin. -.Sh OPTIONS -Command line options are described below. -Options are also taken from the environment variable -.Ev MORE -(make sure to precede them with a dash (``-'')) but command -line options will override them. -.Bl -tag -width flag -.It Fl c +.TH MORE 1 "April 18, 1991" +.UC 4 +.SH NAME +more, page \- file perusal filter for crt viewing +.SH SYNOPSIS +.B more +[ +.B \-cdflsu +] +[ +.B \-\fIn\fP +] +[ +.B +\fIlinenumber\fP +] +[ +.B +/\fIpattern\fP +] [ name ... ] +.LP +.B page +.I "more options" +.SH DESCRIPTION +.I More +is a filter which allows examination of a continuous text +one screenful at a time on a soft-copy terminal. +It normally pauses after each screenful, printing --More-- +at the bottom of the screen. +If the user then types a carriage return, one more line is displayed. +If the user hits a space, +another screenful is displayed. Other possibilities are enumerated later. +.PP +The command line options are: +.TP +.I \-n +An integer which is the size (in lines) of the window which +.I more +will use instead of the default. +.TP +.B \-c +.I More +will draw each page by beginning at the top of the screen and erasing +each line just before it draws on it. +This avoids scrolling the screen, making it easier to read while +.I more +is writing. +This option will be ignored if the terminal does not have the ability +to clear to the end of a line. +.TP +.B \-d +.I More +will prompt the user with the message "Press +space to continue, \'q\' to quit." at the end of each screenful, +and will respond to subsequent illegal user input by +printing "Press \'h\' for instructions." instead of ringing the bell. +This is useful if +.I more +is being used as a filter in some setting, +such as a class, +where many users may be unsophisticated. +.TP +.B \-f +This causes +.I more +to count logical, rather than screen lines. +That is, long lines are not folded. +This option is recommended if +.I nroff +output is being piped through +.I ul, +since the latter may generate escape sequences. +These escape sequences contain characters which would ordinarily occupy +screen positions, but which do not print when they are sent to the +terminal as part of an escape sequence. +Thus +.I more +may think that lines are longer than they actually are, and fold +lines erroneously. +.TP +.B \-l +Do +not treat ^\&L (form feed) specially. +If this option is not given, +.I more +will pause after any line that contains a ^\&L, as if the end of a +screenful had been reached. +Also, if a file begins with a form feed, the screen will be cleared +before the file is printed. +.TP +.B \-s +Squeeze multiple blank lines from the output, producing only one blank +line. Especially helpful when viewing +.I nroff +output, this option maximizes the useful information present on the screen. +.TP +.B \-u Normally, -.Nm more -will repaint the screen by scrolling from the bottom of the screen. -If the -.Fl c -option is set, when -.Nm more -needs to change the entire display, it will paint from the top line down. -.It Fl d -The -.Fl d -option causes the default prompt to include the basic directions -``[Press space to continue, 'q' to quit.]''. The -.Fl d -option also causes the message ``[Press 'h' for instructions.]'' to be -displayed when an invalid command is entered (normally, the bell is -rung). This option is useful in environments where users may not be -experienced with pagers. -.It Fl e -Normally, if displaying a single file, -.Nm more -exits as soon as it reaches end-of-file. The -.Fl e -option tells more to -exit if it reaches end-of-file twice without an intervening operation. -If the file is shorter than a single screen -.Nm more -will exit at end-of-file regardless. -.It Fl i -The -.Fl i -option causes searches to ignore case; that is, -uppercase and lowercase are considered identical. -.It Fl n -The -.Fl n -flag suppresses line numbers. -The default (to use line numbers) may cause -.Nm more -to run more slowly in some cases, especially with a very large input file. -Suppressing line numbers with the -.Fl n -flag will avoid this problem. -Using line numbers means: the line number will be displayed in the -.Cm = -command, and the -.Cm v -command will pass the current line number to the editor. -.It Fl s -The -.Fl s -option causes -consecutive blank lines to be squeezed into a single blank line. -.It Fl t -The -.Fl t -option, followed immediately by a tag, will edit the file -containing that tag. For more information, see the -.Xr ctags 1 -command. -.It Fl u -By default, -.Nm more -treats backspaces and -.Dv CR-LF -sequences specially. Backspaces which appear -adjacent to an underscore character are displayed as underlined text. -Backspaces which appear between two identical characters are displayed -as emboldened text. -.Dv CR-LF -sequences are compressed to a single linefeed -character. The -.Fl u -option causes backspaces to always be displayed as -control characters, i.e. as the two character sequence ``^H'', and -.Dv CR-LF -to be left alone. -.It Fl x -The -.Fl x -option sets tab stops every -.Ar N -positions. The default for -.Ar N -is 8. -.It Fl / -The -.Fl / -option specifies a string that will be searched for before -each file is displayed. -.Sh COMMANDS -Interactive commands for -.Nm more -are based on -.Xr vi 1 . -Some commands may be preceeded by a decimal number, called N in the -descriptions below. -In the following descriptions, ^X means control-X. -.Pp -.Bl -tag -width Ic -.It Ic h -Help: display a summary of these commands. -If you forget all the other commands, remember this one. -.It Xo -.Ic SPACE -.No or -.Ic f -.No or -.Ic \&^F -.Xc -Scroll forward N lines, default one window. -If N is more than the screen size, only the final screenful is displayed. -.It Ic b No or Ic \&^B -Scroll backward N lines, default one window (see option -z below). -If N is more than the screen size, only the final screenful is displayed. -.It Ic j No or Ic RETURN -Scroll forward N lines, default 1. -The entire N lines are displayed, even if N is more than the screen size. -.It Ic k -Scroll backward N lines, default 1. -The entire N lines are displayed, even if N is more than the screen size. -.It Ic d No or Ic \&^D -Scroll forward N lines, default one half of the screen size. -If N is specified, it becomes the new default for -subsequent d and u commands. -.It Ic u No or Ic \&^U -Scroll backward N lines, default one half of the screen size. -If N is specified, it becomes the new default for -subsequent d and u commands. -.It Ic g -Go to line N in the file, default 1 (beginning of file). -.It Ic G -Go to line N in the file, default the end of the file. -.It Ic p No or Ic \&% -Go to a position N percent into the file. N should be between 0 -and 100. (This works if standard input is being read, but only if -.Nm more -has already read to the end of the file. It is always fast, but -not always useful.) -.It Ic r No or Ic \&^L -Repaint the screen. -.It Ic R -Repaint the screen, discarding any buffered input. -Useful if the file is changing while it is being viewed. -.It Ic m -Followed by any lowercase letter, -marks the current position with that letter. -.It Ic \&' -(Single quote.) -Followed by any lowercase letter, returns to the position which -was previously marked with that letter. -Followed by another single quote, returns to the position at -which the last "large" movement command was executed, or the -beginning of the file if no such movements have occurred. -All marks are lost when a new file is examined. -.It Ic \&! Ns Ar command -Invoke a shell command. The characters `%', `#', and `!' -are replaced by the current file name, previous filename -and previous shell command, respectively. If there is no -current or previous filename, `%' and `#' are not expanded. -`\%' `\#' and `\!' are replaced by `%', `#' and `!', -respectively. -.It Ic \&/ Ns Ar pattern -Search forward in the file for the N-th line containing the pattern. -N defaults to 1. -The pattern is a regular expression, as recognized by -.Xr ed . -The search starts at the second line displayed. -.It Ic \&? Ns Ar pattern -Search backward in the file for the N-th line containing the pattern. -The search starts at the line immediately before the top line displayed. -.It Ic \&/\&! Ns Ar pattern -Like /, but the search is for the N-th line -which does NOT contain the pattern. -.It Ic \&?\&! Ns Ar pattern -Like ?, but the search is for the N-th line -which does NOT contain the pattern. -.It Ic n -Repeat previous search, for N-th line containing the last pattern -(or -.Tn NOT -containing the last pattern, if the previous search -was /! or ?!). -.It Ic E Ns Op Ar filename -Examine a new file. -If the filename is missing, the "current" file (see the N and P commands -below) from the list of files in the command line is re-examined. -If the filename is a pound sign (#), the previously examined file is -re-examined. -.It Ic N No or Ic \&:n -Examine the next file (from the list of files given in the command line). -If a number N is specified (not to be confused with the command N), -the N-th next file is examined. -.It Ic P No or Ic \&:p -Examine the previous file. -If a number N is specified, the N-th previous file is examined. -.It Ic \&:t -Go to supplied tag. -.It Ic v -Invokes an editor to edit the current file being viewed. -The editor is taken from the environment variable -.Ev EDITOR , -or defaults to -.Xr vi 1 . -.It Ic \&= No or Ic \&^G -These options print out the number of the file currently being displayed -relative to the total number of files there are to display, the current -line number, the current byte number and the total bytes to display, and -what percentage of the file has been displayed. If -.Nm more -is reading from stdin, or the file is shorter than a single screen, some -of these items may not be available. Note, all of these items reference -the first byte of the last line displayed on the screen. -.It Xo -.Ic q -.No or -.Ic \&:q -.No or -.Ic ZZ -.Xc -Exits -.Nm more . -.El -.Sh ENVIRONMENT -.Nm More -utilizes the following environment variables, if they exist: -.Bl -tag -width Fl -.It Ev MORE -This variable may be set with favored options to -.Nm more . -.It Ev EDITOR -Specify default editor. -.It Ev SHELL -Current shell in use (normally set by the shell at login time). -.It Ev TERM -Specifies terminal type, used by more to get the terminal -characteristics necessary to manipulate the screen. -.El -.Sh SEE ALSO -.Xr ctags 1 , -.Xr vi 1 -.Sh AUTHOR -This software is derived from software contributed to Berkeley -by Mark Nudleman. -.Sh HISTORY -The -.Nm more -command appeared in -.Bx 3.0 . +.I more +will handle underlining such as produced by +.I nroff +in a manner appropriate to the particular terminal: if the terminal can +perform underlining or has a stand-out mode, +.I more +will output appropriate escape sequences to enable underlining or stand-out +mode for underlined information in the source file. The +.I \-u +option suppresses this processing. +.TP +.B +\fIlinenumber\fP +Start up at \fIlinenumber\fP. +.TP +.B +/\fIpattern\fP +Start up two lines before the line containing the +regular expression \fIpattern\fP. +.PP +If the program is invoked as +.I page, +then the screen is cleared before each screenful is printed (but only +if a full screenful is being printed), and +.I k +\- 1 rather +than +.I k +\- 2 lines are printed in each screenful, where +.I k +is the number of lines the terminal can display. +.PP +.I More +looks in the file +.I /etc/termcap +to determine terminal characteristics, +and to determine the default window size. +On a terminal capable of displaying 24 lines, +the default window size is 22 lines. +.PP +.I More +looks in the environment variable +.I MORE +to pre-set any flags desired. For example, if you prefer to view files using +the +.I \-c +mode of operation, the +.I csh +command +.I "setenv MORE -c" +or the +.I sh +command sequence +.I "MORE='-c' ; export MORE" +would cause all invocations of +.I more , +including invocations by programs such as +.I man +and +.I msgs , +to use this mode. +Normally, the user will place the command sequence which sets up the +.I MORE +environment variable in the +.I .cshrc +or +.I .profile +file. +.PP +If +.I more +is reading from a file, rather than a pipe, then a percentage is displayed +along with the --More-- prompt. +This gives the fraction of the file (in characters, not lines) that has been +read so far. +.PP +Other sequences which may be typed when +.I more +pauses, and their effects, are as follows (\fIi\fP is an optional integer +argument, defaulting to 1) : +.PP +.IP \fIi\|\fP +display +.I i +more lines, (or another screenful if no argument is given) +.PP +.IP ^D +display 11 more lines (a ``scroll''). +If +.I i +is given, then the scroll size is set to \fIi\|\fP. +.PP +.IP d +same as ^D (control-D) +.PP +.IP \fIi\|\fPz +same as typing a space except that \fIi\|\fP, if present, becomes the new +window size. +.PP +.IP \fIi\|\fPs +skip \fIi\|\fP lines and print a screenful of lines +.PP +.IP \fIi\|\fPf +skip \fIi\fP screenfuls and print a screenful of lines +.PP +.IP \fIi\|\fPb +skip back \fIi\fP screenfuls and print a screenful of lines +.PP +.IP \fIi\|\fP^B +same as b +.PP +.IP "q or Q" +Exit from +.I more. +.PP +.IP = +Display the current line number. +.PP +.IP v +Start up the editor +.I vi +at the current line. +.PP +.IP h +Help command; give a description of all the +.I more +commands. +.PP +.IP \fIi\|\fP/expr +search for the \fIi\|\fP-th occurrence of the regular expression \fIexpr.\fP +If there are less than \fIi\fP occurrences of \fIexpr\|\fP, +and the input is a file (rather than a pipe), +then the position in the file remains unchanged. +Otherwise, a screenful is displayed, starting two lines before the place +where the expression was found. +The user's erase and kill characters may be used to edit the regular +expression. +Erasing back past the first column cancels the search command. +.PP +.IP \fIi\|\fPn +search for the \fIi\|\fP-th occurrence of the last regular expression entered. +.PP +.IP \' +(single quote) Go to the point from which the last search started. +If no search has been performed in the current file, this command +goes back to the beginning of the file. +.PP +.IP !command +invoke a shell with \fIcommand\|\fP. +The characters `%' and `!' in "command" are replaced with the +current file name and the previous shell command respectively. +If there is no current file name, `%' is not expanded. +The sequences "\\%" and "\\!" are replaced by "%" and "!" respectively. +.PP +.IP \fIi\|\fP:n +skip to the \fIi\|\fP-th next file given in the command line +(skips to last file if n doesn't make sense) +.PP +.IP \fIi\|\fP:p +skip to the \fIi\|\fP-th previous file given in the command line. +If this command is given in the middle of printing out a +file, then +.I more +goes back to the beginning of the file. If \fIi\fP doesn't make sense, +.I more +skips back to the first file. +If +.I more +is not reading from a file, the bell is rung and nothing else happens. +.PP +.IP :f +display the current file name and line number. +.PP +.IP ":q or :Q" +exit from +.I more +(same as q or Q). +.PP +.IP . +(dot) repeat the previous command. +.PP +The commands take effect immediately, i.e., it is not necessary to +type a carriage return. +Up to the time when the command character itself is given, +the user may hit the line kill character to cancel the numerical +argument being formed. +In addition, the user may hit the erase character to redisplay the +--More--(xx%) message. +.PP +At any time when output is being sent to the terminal, the user can +hit the quit key (normally control\-\\). +.I More +will stop sending output, and will display the usual --More-- +prompt. +The user may then enter one of the above commands in the normal manner. +Unfortunately, some output is lost when this is done, due to the +fact that any characters waiting in the terminal's output queue +are flushed when the quit signal occurs. +.PP +The terminal is set to +.I noecho +mode by this program so that the output can be continuous. +What you type will thus not show on your terminal, except for the / and ! +commands. +.PP +If the standard output is not a teletype, then +.I more +acts just like +.I cat, +except that a header is printed before each file (if there is +more than one). +.PP +.DT +A sample usage of +.I more +in previewing +.I nroff +output would be +.PP + nroff \-ms +2 doc.n | more -s +.SH FILES +.DT +/etc/termcap Terminal data base +.br +/usr/lib/more.help Help file +.SH "SEE ALSO" +csh(1), man(1), msgs(1), script(1), sh(1), environ(7) +.SH BUGS +Skipping backwards is too slow on large files.