Annotation of src/usr.bin/passwd/passwd.1, Revision 1.15
1.15 ! deraadt 1: .\" $OpenBSD: passwd.1,v 1.14 2000/11/09 17:52:28 aaron Exp $
1.9 aaron 2: .\"
1.1 deraadt 3: .\" Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
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34: .\" from: @(#)passwd.1 6.11 (Berkeley) 7/24/91
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36: .Dd July 24, 1991
37: .Dt PASSWD 1
1.8 aaron 38: .Os
1.1 deraadt 39: .Sh NAME
40: .Nm passwd
41: .Nd modify a user's password
42: .Sh SYNOPSIS
43: .Nm passwd
44: .Op Fl l
1.5 art 45: .Op Fl y
1.1 deraadt 46: .Op Fl k
1.5 art 47: .Op Fl n Ar name
48: .Op Fl i Ar instance
49: .Op Fl r Ar realm
50: .Op Fl u Ar username[.instance][@realm]
1.1 deraadt 51: .Op Ar user
1.5 art 52: .\" This should really be: passwd [-l] [-y] [-k [-n name] [-i instance] [-r realm] [-u username[.instance][@realm]]] [user]
1.1 deraadt 53: .Sh DESCRIPTION
1.13 aaron 54: .Nm
1.9 aaron 55: changes the user's local, Kerberos, or YP password.
56: First, the user is prompted for their current password.
1.13 aaron 57: If the current password is correctly typed, a new password is requested.
1.1 deraadt 58: The new password must be entered twice to avoid typing errors.
59: .Pp
60: The new password should be at least six characters long and not
61: purely alphabetic.
62: Its total length must be less than
63: .Dv _PASSWORD_LEN
64: (currently 128 characters).
1.13 aaron 65: A mixture of both lower and uppercase letters, numbers, and
66: meta-characters is encouraged.
1.12 provos 67: .Pp
68: The quality of the password can be enforced by providing an external
69: checking program in
70: .Xr passwd.conf 5 .
1.9 aaron 71: .Pp
72: The options are as follows:
1.14 aaron 73: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.1 deraadt 74: .It Fl l
1.13 aaron 75: Causes the password to be updated only in the local password file.
1.9 aaron 76: When changing only the local password,
77: .Xr pwd_mkdb 8
1.1 deraadt 78: is used to update the password databases.
1.6 art 79: .It Fl y
1.7 aaron 80: Forces the YP password database entry to be changed, even if
1.9 aaron 81: the user has an entry in the local database.
82: The
1.6 art 83: .Xr rpc.yppasswdd 8
84: daemon should be running on the YP master server.
1.1 deraadt 85: .It Fl k
1.7 aaron 86: Forces the change to affect the Kerberos database, even
1.1 deraadt 87: if the user has a password in the local database.
88: Once the password has been verified,
1.13 aaron 89: .Nm
90: communicates the new password information to the Kerberos authenticating host.
1.6 art 91: .El
92: .Pp
1.8 aaron 93: The following flags are only used when the
1.6 art 94: .Fl k
1.7 aaron 95: flag is specified:
1.6 art 96: .Bl -tag -width flag
1.7 aaron 97: .It Fl n Ar name
1.8 aaron 98: Specifies a
1.7 aaron 99: .Ar name
1.9 aaron 100: that will be used as the principal name rather than the username
1.6 art 101: of the user running
1.7 aaron 102: .Nm passwd .
1.9 aaron 103: (This is determined from the ticket file if it exists; otherwise,
1.7 aaron 104: it is determined from the Unix user ID.)
105: .It Fl i Ar instance
1.8 aaron 106: Specifies an
107: .Ar instance
1.6 art 108: to use rather than a null instance.
1.7 aaron 109: .It Fl r Ar realm
110: Specifies a
111: .Ar realm
1.6 art 112: instead of the local realm.
1.7 aaron 113: .It Fl u Ar username[.instance][@realm]
1.9 aaron 114: Specifies a fully qualified Kerberos principal.
1.1 deraadt 115: .El
116: .Pp
117: This is the behavior if no flags are specified:
118: if Kerberos is active then
1.13 aaron 119: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 120: will talk to the Kerberos server (even if the user has an entry
1.7 aaron 121: in the local database).
1.1 deraadt 122: If the password is not in the local password database, then
123: an attempt is made to use the YP database.
124: .Pp
1.13 aaron 125: To change another user's Kerberos password, one must first run
1.1 deraadt 126: .Xr kinit 1
127: followed by
128: .Xr passwd 1 .
1.11 aaron 129: The superuser is not required to provide a user's current password
1.1 deraadt 130: if only the local password is modified.
1.4 provos 131: .Pp
132: Which type of cipher is used to encrypt the password information
133: depends on the configuration in
1.8 aaron 134: .Xr passwd.conf 5 .
1.4 provos 135: It can be different for local and YP passwords.
1.13 aaron 136: .Sh DIAGNOSTICS
137: .Bl -diag
138: .It "the passwd file is busy"
139: The password file is currently locked by another process, or a
140: process previously holding the lock was prematurely terminated.
141: In the latter case, it is safe to remove the
142: .Pa /etc/ptmp
143: file to get rid of this error.
1.1 deraadt 144: .Sh FILES
145: .Bl -tag -width /etc/master.passwd -compact
146: .It Pa /etc/master.passwd
1.7 aaron 147: user database
1.8 aaron 148: .It Pa /etc/passwd
1.7 aaron 149: a Version 7 format password file
1.1 deraadt 150: .It Pa /etc/passwd.XXXXXX
1.7 aaron 151: temporary copy of the password file
1.4 provos 152: .It /etc/passwd.conf
1.7 aaron 153: configuration options
1.13 aaron 154: .It /etc/ptmp
155: lock file for the passwd database
1.1 deraadt 156: .El
157: .Sh SEE ALSO
158: .Xr chpass 1 ,
159: .Xr kerberos 1 ,
160: .Xr kinit 1 ,
161: .Xr login 1 ,
162: .Xr passwd 5 ,
1.4 provos 163: .Xr passwd.conf 5 ,
1.1 deraadt 164: .Xr pwd_mkdb 8 ,
165: .Xr vipw 8
166: .Rs
1.15 ! deraadt 167: .%A Robert Morris and Ken Thompson
1.1 deraadt 168: .%T "UNIX password security"
169: .Re
170: .Sh HISTORY
171: A
1.13 aaron 172: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 173: command appeared in
174: .At v6 .
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