Annotation of src/usr.bin/ssh/sftp.1, Revision 1.105
1.105 ! jmc 1: .\" $OpenBSD: sftp.1,v 1.104 2016/06/29 17:14:28 jmc Exp $
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1.105 ! jmc 25: .Dd $Mdocdate: June 29 2016 $
1.1 djm 26: .Dt SFTP 1
27: .Os
28: .Sh NAME
29: .Nm sftp
1.44 jmc 30: .Nd secure file transfer program
1.1 djm 31: .Sh SYNOPSIS
1.43 jmc 32: .Nm sftp
1.41 jmc 33: .Bk -words
1.95 djm 34: .Op Fl 1246aCfpqrv
1.46 jmc 35: .Op Fl B Ar buffer_size
1.29 markus 36: .Op Fl b Ar batchfile
1.70 djm 37: .Op Fl c Ar cipher
1.72 djm 38: .Op Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
1.46 jmc 39: .Op Fl F Ar ssh_config
1.73 jmc 40: .Op Fl i Ar identity_file
1.85 djm 41: .Op Fl l Ar limit
1.29 markus 42: .Op Fl o Ar ssh_option
1.72 djm 43: .Op Fl P Ar port
1.30 djm 44: .Op Fl R Ar num_requests
1.26 stevesk 45: .Op Fl S Ar program
1.46 jmc 46: .Op Fl s Ar subsystem | sftp_server
1.26 stevesk 47: .Ar host
1.41 jmc 48: .Ek
1.43 jmc 49: .Nm sftp
1.68 djm 50: .Oo Ar user Ns @ Oc Ns
51: .Ar host Ns Op : Ns Ar
1.43 jmc 52: .Nm sftp
1.84 jmc 53: .Oo
54: .Ar user Ns @ Oc Ns
1.41 jmc 55: .Ar host Ns Oo : Ns Ar dir Ns
1.84 jmc 56: .Op Ar /
57: .Oc
1.43 jmc 58: .Nm sftp
1.42 djm 59: .Fl b Ar batchfile
1.45 jmc 60: .Oo Ar user Ns @ Oc Ns Ar host
1.1 djm 61: .Sh DESCRIPTION
62: .Nm
63: is an interactive file transfer program, similar to
64: .Xr ftp 1 ,
65: which performs all operations over an encrypted
66: .Xr ssh 1
67: transport.
68: It may also use many features of ssh, such as public key authentication and
69: compression.
70: .Nm
71: connects and logs into the specified
1.18 stevesk 72: .Ar host ,
1.1 djm 73: then enters an interactive command mode.
1.15 mouring 74: .Pp
1.21 itojun 75: The second usage format will retrieve files automatically if a non-interactive
1.18 stevesk 76: authentication method is used; otherwise it will do so after
77: successful interactive authentication.
1.15 mouring 78: .Pp
1.60 jaredy 79: The third usage format allows
80: .Nm
81: to start in a remote directory.
1.1 djm 82: .Pp
1.44 jmc 83: The final usage format allows for automated sessions using the
1.42 djm 84: .Fl b
1.44 jmc 85: option.
1.62 jmc 86: In such cases, it is necessary to configure non-interactive authentication
1.44 jmc 87: to obviate the need to enter a password at connection time (see
1.42 djm 88: .Xr sshd 8
1.43 jmc 89: and
1.42 djm 90: .Xr ssh-keygen 1
1.44 jmc 91: for details).
1.89 djm 92: .Pp
93: Since some usage formats use colon characters to delimit host names from path
94: names, IPv6 addresses must be enclosed in square brackets to avoid ambiguity.
95: .Pp
1.1 djm 96: The options are as follows:
97: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.46 jmc 98: .It Fl 1
99: Specify the use of protocol version 1.
1.70 djm 100: .It Fl 2
101: Specify the use of protocol version 2.
102: .It Fl 4
103: Forces
104: .Nm
105: to use IPv4 addresses only.
106: .It Fl 6
107: Forces
108: .Nm
109: to use IPv6 addresses only.
1.94 jmc 110: .It Fl a
1.99 jmc 111: Attempt to continue interrupted transfers rather than overwriting
1.98 logan 112: existing partial or complete copies of files.
1.99 jmc 113: If the partial contents differ from those being transferred,
1.98 logan 114: then the resultant file is likely to be corrupt.
1.46 jmc 115: .It Fl B Ar buffer_size
116: Specify the size of the buffer that
117: .Nm
118: uses when transferring files.
119: Larger buffers require fewer round trips at the cost of higher
120: memory consumption.
121: The default is 32768 bytes.
1.10 deraadt 122: .It Fl b Ar batchfile
123: Batch mode reads a series of commands from an input
1.13 stevesk 124: .Ar batchfile
1.10 deraadt 125: instead of
1.13 stevesk 126: .Em stdin .
127: Since it lacks user interaction it should be used in conjunction with
1.51 jmc 128: non-interactive authentication.
1.50 djm 129: A
1.51 jmc 130: .Ar batchfile
131: of
132: .Sq \-
1.50 djm 133: may be used to indicate standard input.
1.13 stevesk 134: .Nm
1.21 itojun 135: will abort if any of the following
136: commands fail:
1.98 logan 137: .Ic get , put , reget , reput, rename , ln ,
1.41 jmc 138: .Ic rm , mkdir , chdir , ls ,
1.66 jmc 139: .Ic lchdir , chmod , chown ,
1.88 djm 140: .Ic chgrp , lpwd , df , symlink ,
1.10 deraadt 141: and
1.13 stevesk 142: .Ic lmkdir .
1.41 jmc 143: Termination on error can be suppressed on a command by command basis by
144: prefixing the command with a
1.51 jmc 145: .Sq \-
1.44 jmc 146: character (for example,
147: .Ic -rm /tmp/blah* ) .
1.71 jmc 148: .It Fl C
149: Enables compression (via ssh's
150: .Fl C
151: flag).
1.70 djm 152: .It Fl c Ar cipher
153: Selects the cipher to use for encrypting the data transfers.
154: This option is directly passed to
155: .Xr ssh 1 .
1.72 djm 156: .It Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
157: Connect directly to a local sftp server
158: (rather than via
159: .Xr ssh 1 ) .
160: This option may be useful in debugging the client and server.
1.46 jmc 161: .It Fl F Ar ssh_config
162: Specifies an alternative
163: per-user configuration file for
164: .Xr ssh 1 .
165: This option is directly passed to
166: .Xr ssh 1 .
1.95 djm 167: .It Fl f
168: Requests that files be flushed to disk immediately after transfer.
169: When uploading files, this feature is only enabled if the server
170: implements the "fsync@openssh.com" extension.
1.70 djm 171: .It Fl i Ar identity_file
172: Selects the file from which the identity (private key) for public key
173: authentication is read.
174: This option is directly passed to
175: .Xr ssh 1 .
1.85 djm 176: .It Fl l Ar limit
177: Limits the used bandwidth, specified in Kbit/s.
1.1 djm 178: .It Fl o Ar ssh_option
1.23 stevesk 179: Can be used to pass options to
180: .Nm ssh
1.35 stevesk 181: in the format used in
182: .Xr ssh_config 5 .
183: This is useful for specifying options
1.23 stevesk 184: for which there is no separate
185: .Nm sftp
1.44 jmc 186: command-line flag.
187: For example, to specify an alternate port use:
1.26 stevesk 188: .Ic sftp -oPort=24 .
1.46 jmc 189: For full details of the options listed below, and their possible values, see
190: .Xr ssh_config 5 .
191: .Pp
192: .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
193: .It AddressFamily
194: .It BatchMode
195: .It BindAddress
1.97 djm 196: .It CanonicalDomains
197: .It CanonicalizeFallbackLocal
198: .It CanonicalizeHostname
199: .It CanonicalizeMaxDots
200: .It CanonicalizePermittedCNAMEs
1.102 jmc 201: .It CertificateFile
1.46 jmc 202: .It ChallengeResponseAuthentication
203: .It CheckHostIP
204: .It Cipher
205: .It Ciphers
206: .It Compression
207: .It CompressionLevel
208: .It ConnectionAttempts
1.54 dtucker 209: .It ConnectTimeout
1.55 djm 210: .It ControlMaster
211: .It ControlPath
1.91 djm 212: .It ControlPersist
1.46 jmc 213: .It GlobalKnownHostsFile
214: .It GSSAPIAuthentication
215: .It GSSAPIDelegateCredentials
1.61 jmc 216: .It HashKnownHosts
1.46 jmc 217: .It Host
218: .It HostbasedAuthentication
1.101 djm 219: .It HostbasedKeyTypes
1.46 jmc 220: .It HostKeyAlgorithms
221: .It HostKeyAlias
222: .It HostName
1.104 jmc 223: .It IdentitiesOnly
1.103 markus 224: .It IdentityAgent
1.46 jmc 225: .It IdentityFile
1.87 jmc 226: .It IPQoS
1.91 djm 227: .It KbdInteractiveAuthentication
1.58 djm 228: .It KbdInteractiveDevices
1.86 jmc 229: .It KexAlgorithms
1.46 jmc 230: .It LogLevel
231: .It MACs
232: .It NoHostAuthenticationForLocalhost
233: .It NumberOfPasswordPrompts
234: .It PasswordAuthentication
1.83 markus 235: .It PKCS11Provider
1.46 jmc 236: .It Port
237: .It PreferredAuthentications
238: .It Protocol
239: .It ProxyCommand
1.105 ! jmc 240: .It ProxyJump
1.46 jmc 241: .It PubkeyAuthentication
1.63 dtucker 242: .It RekeyLimit
1.46 jmc 243: .It RhostsRSAAuthentication
244: .It RSAAuthentication
1.53 jmc 245: .It SendEnv
1.49 markus 246: .It ServerAliveInterval
247: .It ServerAliveCountMax
1.46 jmc 248: .It StrictHostKeyChecking
1.48 markus 249: .It TCPKeepAlive
1.100 djm 250: .It UpdateHostKeys
1.46 jmc 251: .It UsePrivilegedPort
252: .It User
253: .It UserKnownHostsFile
254: .It VerifyHostKeyDNS
255: .El
1.72 djm 256: .It Fl P Ar port
257: Specifies the port to connect to on the remote host.
1.74 djm 258: .It Fl p
259: Preserves modification times, access times, and modes from the
260: original files transferred.
1.70 djm 261: .It Fl q
262: Quiet mode: disables the progress meter as well as warning and
263: diagnostic messages from
264: .Xr ssh 1 .
1.30 djm 265: .It Fl R Ar num_requests
1.44 jmc 266: Specify how many requests may be outstanding at any one time.
267: Increasing this may slightly improve file transfer speed
268: but will increase memory usage.
1.67 djm 269: The default is 64 outstanding requests.
1.74 djm 270: .It Fl r
271: Recursively copy entire directories when uploading and downloading.
272: Note that
273: .Nm
274: does not follow symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal.
1.26 stevesk 275: .It Fl S Ar program
276: Name of the
277: .Ar program
278: to use for the encrypted connection.
279: The program must understand
280: .Xr ssh 1
281: options.
1.46 jmc 282: .It Fl s Ar subsystem | sftp_server
283: Specifies the SSH2 subsystem or the path for an sftp server
284: on the remote host.
285: A path is useful for using
286: .Nm
287: over protocol version 1, or when the remote
288: .Xr sshd 8
289: does not have an sftp subsystem configured.
290: .It Fl v
291: Raise logging level.
292: This option is also passed to ssh.
1.1 djm 293: .El
294: .Sh INTERACTIVE COMMANDS
1.2 djm 295: Once in interactive mode,
296: .Nm
1.21 itojun 297: understands a set of commands similar to those of
1.1 djm 298: .Xr ftp 1 .
1.60 jaredy 299: Commands are case insensitive.
300: Pathnames that contain spaces must be enclosed in quotes.
301: Any special characters contained within pathnames that are recognized by
302: .Xr glob 3
303: must be escaped with backslashes
304: .Pq Sq \e .
305: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.22 markus 306: .It Ic bye
1.44 jmc 307: Quit
308: .Nm sftp .
1.3 deraadt 309: .It Ic cd Ar path
1.21 itojun 310: Change remote directory to
1.3 deraadt 311: .Ar path .
312: .It Ic chgrp Ar grp Ar path
1.21 itojun 313: Change group of file
1.5 stevesk 314: .Ar path
315: to
1.1 djm 316: .Ar grp .
1.60 jaredy 317: .Ar path
318: may contain
319: .Xr glob 3
320: characters and may match multiple files.
1.1 djm 321: .Ar grp
1.5 stevesk 322: must be a numeric GID.
1.3 deraadt 323: .It Ic chmod Ar mode Ar path
1.21 itojun 324: Change permissions of file
1.5 stevesk 325: .Ar path
326: to
1.3 deraadt 327: .Ar mode .
1.60 jaredy 328: .Ar path
329: may contain
330: .Xr glob 3
331: characters and may match multiple files.
1.3 deraadt 332: .It Ic chown Ar own Ar path
1.21 itojun 333: Change owner of file
1.5 stevesk 334: .Ar path
335: to
1.1 djm 336: .Ar own .
1.60 jaredy 337: .Ar path
338: may contain
339: .Xr glob 3
340: characters and may match multiple files.
1.1 djm 341: .Ar own
342: must be a numeric UID.
1.65 djm 343: .It Xo Ic df
344: .Op Fl hi
345: .Op Ar path
346: .Xc
347: Display usage information for the filesystem holding the current directory
348: (or
349: .Ar path
350: if specified).
351: If the
352: .Fl h
353: flag is specified, the capacity information will be displayed using
354: "human-readable" suffixes.
355: The
356: .Fl i
357: flag requests display of inode information in addition to capacity information.
358: This command is only supported on servers that implement the
359: .Dq statvfs@openssh.com
360: extension.
1.11 deraadt 361: .It Ic exit
1.44 jmc 362: Quit
363: .Nm sftp .
1.7 djm 364: .It Xo Ic get
1.95 djm 365: .Op Fl afPpr
1.7 djm 366: .Ar remote-path
367: .Op Ar local-path
368: .Xc
1.1 djm 369: Retrieve the
1.5 stevesk 370: .Ar remote-path
1.1 djm 371: and store it on the local machine.
372: If the local
1.21 itojun 373: path name is not specified, it is given the same name it has on the
1.44 jmc 374: remote machine.
1.60 jaredy 375: .Ar remote-path
376: may contain
377: .Xr glob 3
378: characters and may match multiple files.
379: If it does and
380: .Ar local-path
381: is specified, then
382: .Ar local-path
383: must specify a directory.
1.74 djm 384: .Pp
1.92 djm 385: If the
386: .Fl a
387: flag is specified, then attempt to resume partial transfers of existing files.
388: Note that resumption assumes that any partial copy of the local file matches
389: the remote copy.
1.93 djm 390: If the remote file contents differ from the partial local copy then the
391: resultant file is likely to be corrupt.
1.92 djm 392: .Pp
1.95 djm 393: If the
394: .Fl f
395: flag is specified, then
396: .Xr fsync 2
1.96 jmc 397: will be called after the file transfer has completed to flush the file
1.95 djm 398: to disk.
399: .Pp
1.76 jmc 400: If either the
1.75 djm 401: .Fl P
1.74 djm 402: or
403: .Fl p
1.60 jaredy 404: flag is specified, then full file permissions and access times are
1.7 djm 405: copied too.
1.74 djm 406: .Pp
407: If the
408: .Fl r
409: flag is specified then directories will be copied recursively.
410: Note that
411: .Nm
412: does not follow symbolic links when performing recursive transfers.
1.11 deraadt 413: .It Ic help
414: Display help text.
1.46 jmc 415: .It Ic lcd Ar path
416: Change local directory to
417: .Ar path .
1.3 deraadt 418: .It Ic lls Op Ar ls-options Op Ar path
1.21 itojun 419: Display local directory listing of either
1.1 djm 420: .Ar path
421: or current directory if
422: .Ar path
1.5 stevesk 423: is not specified.
1.60 jaredy 424: .Ar ls-options
425: may contain any flags supported by the local system's
426: .Xr ls 1
427: command.
428: .Ar path
429: may contain
430: .Xr glob 3
431: characters and may match multiple files.
1.3 deraadt 432: .It Ic lmkdir Ar path
1.1 djm 433: Create local directory specified by
1.3 deraadt 434: .Ar path .
1.88 djm 435: .It Xo Ic ln
436: .Op Fl s
437: .Ar oldpath
438: .Ar newpath
439: .Xc
440: Create a link from
1.12 djm 441: .Ar oldpath
442: to
443: .Ar newpath .
1.88 djm 444: If the
445: .Fl s
446: flag is specified the created link is a symbolic link, otherwise it is
447: a hard link.
1.3 deraadt 448: .It Ic lpwd
449: Print local working directory.
1.36 djm 450: .It Xo Ic ls
1.82 jmc 451: .Op Fl 1afhlnrSt
1.36 djm 452: .Op Ar path
453: .Xc
1.60 jaredy 454: Display a remote directory listing of either
1.1 djm 455: .Ar path
1.60 jaredy 456: or the current directory if
1.5 stevesk 457: .Ar path
1.44 jmc 458: is not specified.
1.60 jaredy 459: .Ar path
460: may contain
461: .Xr glob 3
462: characters and may match multiple files.
463: .Pp
464: The following flags are recognized and alter the behaviour of
465: .Ic ls
466: accordingly:
467: .Bl -tag -width Ds
468: .It Fl 1
469: Produce single columnar output.
470: .It Fl a
471: List files beginning with a dot
472: .Pq Sq \&. .
473: .It Fl f
474: Do not sort the listing.
475: The default sort order is lexicographical.
1.81 djm 476: .It Fl h
477: When used with a long format option, use unit suffixes: Byte, Kilobyte,
478: Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte, Petabyte, and Exabyte in order to reduce
479: the number of digits to four or fewer using powers of 2 for sizes (K=1024,
480: M=1048576, etc.).
1.82 jmc 481: .It Fl l
482: Display additional details including permissions
483: and ownership information.
1.60 jaredy 484: .It Fl n
485: Produce a long listing with user and group information presented
1.56 djm 486: numerically.
1.60 jaredy 487: .It Fl r
488: Reverse the sort order of the listing.
489: .It Fl S
490: Sort the listing by file size.
491: .It Fl t
492: Sort the listing by last modification time.
493: .El
1.3 deraadt 494: .It Ic lumask Ar umask
1.21 itojun 495: Set local umask to
1.3 deraadt 496: .Ar umask .
497: .It Ic mkdir Ar path
1.1 djm 498: Create remote directory specified by
1.3 deraadt 499: .Ar path .
1.40 fgsch 500: .It Ic progress
501: Toggle display of progress meter.
1.7 djm 502: .It Xo Ic put
1.98 logan 503: .Op Fl afPpr
1.7 djm 504: .Ar local-path
1.37 djm 505: .Op Ar remote-path
1.7 djm 506: .Xc
1.1 djm 507: Upload
1.5 stevesk 508: .Ar local-path
1.44 jmc 509: and store it on the remote machine.
510: If the remote path name is not specified, it is given the same name it has
511: on the local machine.
1.60 jaredy 512: .Ar local-path
513: may contain
514: .Xr glob 3
515: characters and may match multiple files.
516: If it does and
517: .Ar remote-path
518: is specified, then
519: .Ar remote-path
520: must specify a directory.
1.95 djm 521: .Pp
522: If the
1.99 jmc 523: .Fl a
1.98 logan 524: flag is specified, then attempt to resume partial
525: transfers of existing files.
1.99 jmc 526: Note that resumption assumes that any partial copy of the remote file
1.98 logan 527: matches the local copy.
528: If the local file contents differ from the remote local copy then
529: the resultant file is likely to be corrupt.
530: .Pp
531: If the
1.95 djm 532: .Fl f
533: flag is specified, then a request will be sent to the server to call
534: .Xr fsync 2
535: after the file has been transferred.
536: Note that this is only supported by servers that implement
537: the "fsync@openssh.com" extension.
1.74 djm 538: .Pp
1.90 dtucker 539: If either the
1.7 djm 540: .Fl P
1.74 djm 541: or
542: .Fl p
543: flag is specified, then full file permissions and access times are
1.7 djm 544: copied too.
1.74 djm 545: .Pp
546: If the
547: .Fl r
548: flag is specified then directories will be copied recursively.
549: Note that
550: .Nm
551: does not follow symbolic links when performing recursive transfers.
1.3 deraadt 552: .It Ic pwd
553: Display remote working directory.
554: .It Ic quit
1.44 jmc 555: Quit
556: .Nm sftp .
1.92 djm 557: .It Xo Ic reget
558: .Op Fl Ppr
559: .Ar remote-path
560: .Op Ar local-path
561: .Xc
562: Resume download of
563: .Ar remote-path .
564: Equivalent to
565: .Ic get
566: with the
1.98 logan 567: .Fl a
568: flag set.
569: .It Xo Ic reput
570: .Op Fl Ppr
571: .Op Ar local-path
572: .Ar remote-path
573: .Xc
574: Resume upload of
575: .Op Ar local-path .
576: Equivalent to
577: .Ic put
1.99 jmc 578: with the
1.92 djm 579: .Fl a
580: flag set.
1.3 deraadt 581: .It Ic rename Ar oldpath Ar newpath
1.1 djm 582: Rename remote file from
583: .Ar oldpath
584: to
1.3 deraadt 585: .Ar newpath .
1.46 jmc 586: .It Ic rm Ar path
587: Delete remote file specified by
588: .Ar path .
1.3 deraadt 589: .It Ic rmdir Ar path
1.1 djm 590: Remove remote directory specified by
1.3 deraadt 591: .Ar path .
1.12 djm 592: .It Ic symlink Ar oldpath Ar newpath
1.21 itojun 593: Create a symbolic link from
1.12 djm 594: .Ar oldpath
595: to
596: .Ar newpath .
1.38 fgsch 597: .It Ic version
598: Display the
599: .Nm
600: protocol version.
1.69 sobrado 601: .It Ic \&! Ns Ar command
1.21 itojun 602: Execute
1.1 djm 603: .Ar command
1.3 deraadt 604: in local shell.
1.45 jmc 605: .It Ic \&!
1.3 deraadt 606: Escape to local shell.
1.45 jmc 607: .It Ic \&?
1.5 stevesk 608: Synonym for help.
1.4 itojun 609: .El
1.1 djm 610: .Sh SEE ALSO
1.46 jmc 611: .Xr ftp 1 ,
1.60 jaredy 612: .Xr ls 1 ,
1.17 markus 613: .Xr scp 1 ,
1.1 djm 614: .Xr ssh 1 ,
615: .Xr ssh-add 1 ,
616: .Xr ssh-keygen 1 ,
1.60 jaredy 617: .Xr glob 3 ,
1.35 stevesk 618: .Xr ssh_config 5 ,
1.17 markus 619: .Xr sftp-server 8 ,
620: .Xr sshd 8
621: .Rs
1.20 deraadt 622: .%A T. Ylonen
623: .%A S. Lehtinen
1.17 markus 624: .%T "SSH File Transfer Protocol"
625: .%N draft-ietf-secsh-filexfer-00.txt
626: .%D January 2001
627: .%O work in progress material
628: .Re