Annotation of src/usr.bin/ssh/sftp.1, Revision 1.106
1.106 ! djm 1: .\" $OpenBSD: sftp.1,v 1.105 2016/07/16 06:57:55 jmc Exp $
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1.9 deraadt 3: .\" Copyright (c) 2001 Damien Miller. All rights reserved.
1.1 djm 4: .\"
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1.106 ! djm 25: .Dd $Mdocdate: July 16 2016 $
1.1 djm 26: .Dt SFTP 1
27: .Os
28: .Sh NAME
29: .Nm sftp
1.44 jmc 30: .Nd secure file transfer program
1.1 djm 31: .Sh SYNOPSIS
1.43 jmc 32: .Nm sftp
1.41 jmc 33: .Bk -words
1.106 ! djm 34: .Op Fl 46aCfpqrv
1.46 jmc 35: .Op Fl B Ar buffer_size
1.29 markus 36: .Op Fl b Ar batchfile
1.70 djm 37: .Op Fl c Ar cipher
1.72 djm 38: .Op Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
1.46 jmc 39: .Op Fl F Ar ssh_config
1.73 jmc 40: .Op Fl i Ar identity_file
1.85 djm 41: .Op Fl l Ar limit
1.29 markus 42: .Op Fl o Ar ssh_option
1.72 djm 43: .Op Fl P Ar port
1.30 djm 44: .Op Fl R Ar num_requests
1.26 stevesk 45: .Op Fl S Ar program
1.46 jmc 46: .Op Fl s Ar subsystem | sftp_server
1.26 stevesk 47: .Ar host
1.41 jmc 48: .Ek
1.43 jmc 49: .Nm sftp
1.68 djm 50: .Oo Ar user Ns @ Oc Ns
51: .Ar host Ns Op : Ns Ar
1.43 jmc 52: .Nm sftp
1.84 jmc 53: .Oo
54: .Ar user Ns @ Oc Ns
1.41 jmc 55: .Ar host Ns Oo : Ns Ar dir Ns
1.84 jmc 56: .Op Ar /
57: .Oc
1.43 jmc 58: .Nm sftp
1.42 djm 59: .Fl b Ar batchfile
1.45 jmc 60: .Oo Ar user Ns @ Oc Ns Ar host
1.1 djm 61: .Sh DESCRIPTION
62: .Nm
63: is an interactive file transfer program, similar to
64: .Xr ftp 1 ,
65: which performs all operations over an encrypted
66: .Xr ssh 1
67: transport.
68: It may also use many features of ssh, such as public key authentication and
69: compression.
70: .Nm
71: connects and logs into the specified
1.18 stevesk 72: .Ar host ,
1.1 djm 73: then enters an interactive command mode.
1.15 mouring 74: .Pp
1.21 itojun 75: The second usage format will retrieve files automatically if a non-interactive
1.18 stevesk 76: authentication method is used; otherwise it will do so after
77: successful interactive authentication.
1.15 mouring 78: .Pp
1.60 jaredy 79: The third usage format allows
80: .Nm
81: to start in a remote directory.
1.1 djm 82: .Pp
1.44 jmc 83: The final usage format allows for automated sessions using the
1.42 djm 84: .Fl b
1.44 jmc 85: option.
1.62 jmc 86: In such cases, it is necessary to configure non-interactive authentication
1.44 jmc 87: to obviate the need to enter a password at connection time (see
1.42 djm 88: .Xr sshd 8
1.43 jmc 89: and
1.42 djm 90: .Xr ssh-keygen 1
1.44 jmc 91: for details).
1.89 djm 92: .Pp
93: Since some usage formats use colon characters to delimit host names from path
94: names, IPv6 addresses must be enclosed in square brackets to avoid ambiguity.
95: .Pp
1.1 djm 96: The options are as follows:
97: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.70 djm 98: .It Fl 4
99: Forces
100: .Nm
101: to use IPv4 addresses only.
102: .It Fl 6
103: Forces
104: .Nm
105: to use IPv6 addresses only.
1.94 jmc 106: .It Fl a
1.99 jmc 107: Attempt to continue interrupted transfers rather than overwriting
1.98 logan 108: existing partial or complete copies of files.
1.99 jmc 109: If the partial contents differ from those being transferred,
1.98 logan 110: then the resultant file is likely to be corrupt.
1.46 jmc 111: .It Fl B Ar buffer_size
112: Specify the size of the buffer that
113: .Nm
114: uses when transferring files.
115: Larger buffers require fewer round trips at the cost of higher
116: memory consumption.
117: The default is 32768 bytes.
1.10 deraadt 118: .It Fl b Ar batchfile
119: Batch mode reads a series of commands from an input
1.13 stevesk 120: .Ar batchfile
1.10 deraadt 121: instead of
1.13 stevesk 122: .Em stdin .
123: Since it lacks user interaction it should be used in conjunction with
1.51 jmc 124: non-interactive authentication.
1.50 djm 125: A
1.51 jmc 126: .Ar batchfile
127: of
128: .Sq \-
1.50 djm 129: may be used to indicate standard input.
1.13 stevesk 130: .Nm
1.21 itojun 131: will abort if any of the following
132: commands fail:
1.98 logan 133: .Ic get , put , reget , reput, rename , ln ,
1.41 jmc 134: .Ic rm , mkdir , chdir , ls ,
1.66 jmc 135: .Ic lchdir , chmod , chown ,
1.88 djm 136: .Ic chgrp , lpwd , df , symlink ,
1.10 deraadt 137: and
1.13 stevesk 138: .Ic lmkdir .
1.41 jmc 139: Termination on error can be suppressed on a command by command basis by
140: prefixing the command with a
1.51 jmc 141: .Sq \-
1.44 jmc 142: character (for example,
143: .Ic -rm /tmp/blah* ) .
1.71 jmc 144: .It Fl C
145: Enables compression (via ssh's
146: .Fl C
147: flag).
1.70 djm 148: .It Fl c Ar cipher
149: Selects the cipher to use for encrypting the data transfers.
150: This option is directly passed to
151: .Xr ssh 1 .
1.72 djm 152: .It Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
153: Connect directly to a local sftp server
154: (rather than via
155: .Xr ssh 1 ) .
156: This option may be useful in debugging the client and server.
1.46 jmc 157: .It Fl F Ar ssh_config
158: Specifies an alternative
159: per-user configuration file for
160: .Xr ssh 1 .
161: This option is directly passed to
162: .Xr ssh 1 .
1.95 djm 163: .It Fl f
164: Requests that files be flushed to disk immediately after transfer.
165: When uploading files, this feature is only enabled if the server
166: implements the "fsync@openssh.com" extension.
1.70 djm 167: .It Fl i Ar identity_file
168: Selects the file from which the identity (private key) for public key
169: authentication is read.
170: This option is directly passed to
171: .Xr ssh 1 .
1.85 djm 172: .It Fl l Ar limit
173: Limits the used bandwidth, specified in Kbit/s.
1.1 djm 174: .It Fl o Ar ssh_option
1.23 stevesk 175: Can be used to pass options to
176: .Nm ssh
1.35 stevesk 177: in the format used in
178: .Xr ssh_config 5 .
179: This is useful for specifying options
1.23 stevesk 180: for which there is no separate
181: .Nm sftp
1.44 jmc 182: command-line flag.
183: For example, to specify an alternate port use:
1.26 stevesk 184: .Ic sftp -oPort=24 .
1.46 jmc 185: For full details of the options listed below, and their possible values, see
186: .Xr ssh_config 5 .
187: .Pp
188: .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
189: .It AddressFamily
190: .It BatchMode
191: .It BindAddress
1.97 djm 192: .It CanonicalDomains
193: .It CanonicalizeFallbackLocal
194: .It CanonicalizeHostname
195: .It CanonicalizeMaxDots
196: .It CanonicalizePermittedCNAMEs
1.102 jmc 197: .It CertificateFile
1.46 jmc 198: .It ChallengeResponseAuthentication
199: .It CheckHostIP
200: .It Cipher
201: .It Ciphers
202: .It Compression
203: .It CompressionLevel
204: .It ConnectionAttempts
1.54 dtucker 205: .It ConnectTimeout
1.55 djm 206: .It ControlMaster
207: .It ControlPath
1.91 djm 208: .It ControlPersist
1.46 jmc 209: .It GlobalKnownHostsFile
210: .It GSSAPIAuthentication
211: .It GSSAPIDelegateCredentials
1.61 jmc 212: .It HashKnownHosts
1.46 jmc 213: .It Host
214: .It HostbasedAuthentication
1.101 djm 215: .It HostbasedKeyTypes
1.46 jmc 216: .It HostKeyAlgorithms
217: .It HostKeyAlias
218: .It HostName
1.104 jmc 219: .It IdentitiesOnly
1.103 markus 220: .It IdentityAgent
1.46 jmc 221: .It IdentityFile
1.87 jmc 222: .It IPQoS
1.91 djm 223: .It KbdInteractiveAuthentication
1.58 djm 224: .It KbdInteractiveDevices
1.86 jmc 225: .It KexAlgorithms
1.46 jmc 226: .It LogLevel
227: .It MACs
228: .It NoHostAuthenticationForLocalhost
229: .It NumberOfPasswordPrompts
230: .It PasswordAuthentication
1.83 markus 231: .It PKCS11Provider
1.46 jmc 232: .It Port
233: .It PreferredAuthentications
234: .It Protocol
235: .It ProxyCommand
1.105 jmc 236: .It ProxyJump
1.46 jmc 237: .It PubkeyAuthentication
1.63 dtucker 238: .It RekeyLimit
1.46 jmc 239: .It RhostsRSAAuthentication
240: .It RSAAuthentication
1.53 jmc 241: .It SendEnv
1.49 markus 242: .It ServerAliveInterval
243: .It ServerAliveCountMax
1.46 jmc 244: .It StrictHostKeyChecking
1.48 markus 245: .It TCPKeepAlive
1.100 djm 246: .It UpdateHostKeys
1.46 jmc 247: .It UsePrivilegedPort
248: .It User
249: .It UserKnownHostsFile
250: .It VerifyHostKeyDNS
251: .El
1.72 djm 252: .It Fl P Ar port
253: Specifies the port to connect to on the remote host.
1.74 djm 254: .It Fl p
255: Preserves modification times, access times, and modes from the
256: original files transferred.
1.70 djm 257: .It Fl q
258: Quiet mode: disables the progress meter as well as warning and
259: diagnostic messages from
260: .Xr ssh 1 .
1.30 djm 261: .It Fl R Ar num_requests
1.44 jmc 262: Specify how many requests may be outstanding at any one time.
263: Increasing this may slightly improve file transfer speed
264: but will increase memory usage.
1.67 djm 265: The default is 64 outstanding requests.
1.74 djm 266: .It Fl r
267: Recursively copy entire directories when uploading and downloading.
268: Note that
269: .Nm
270: does not follow symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal.
1.26 stevesk 271: .It Fl S Ar program
272: Name of the
273: .Ar program
274: to use for the encrypted connection.
275: The program must understand
276: .Xr ssh 1
277: options.
1.46 jmc 278: .It Fl s Ar subsystem | sftp_server
279: Specifies the SSH2 subsystem or the path for an sftp server
280: on the remote host.
281: A path is useful for using
282: .Nm
283: over protocol version 1, or when the remote
284: .Xr sshd 8
285: does not have an sftp subsystem configured.
286: .It Fl v
287: Raise logging level.
288: This option is also passed to ssh.
1.1 djm 289: .El
290: .Sh INTERACTIVE COMMANDS
1.2 djm 291: Once in interactive mode,
292: .Nm
1.21 itojun 293: understands a set of commands similar to those of
1.1 djm 294: .Xr ftp 1 .
1.60 jaredy 295: Commands are case insensitive.
296: Pathnames that contain spaces must be enclosed in quotes.
297: Any special characters contained within pathnames that are recognized by
298: .Xr glob 3
299: must be escaped with backslashes
300: .Pq Sq \e .
301: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.22 markus 302: .It Ic bye
1.44 jmc 303: Quit
304: .Nm sftp .
1.3 deraadt 305: .It Ic cd Ar path
1.21 itojun 306: Change remote directory to
1.3 deraadt 307: .Ar path .
308: .It Ic chgrp Ar grp Ar path
1.21 itojun 309: Change group of file
1.5 stevesk 310: .Ar path
311: to
1.1 djm 312: .Ar grp .
1.60 jaredy 313: .Ar path
314: may contain
315: .Xr glob 3
316: characters and may match multiple files.
1.1 djm 317: .Ar grp
1.5 stevesk 318: must be a numeric GID.
1.3 deraadt 319: .It Ic chmod Ar mode Ar path
1.21 itojun 320: Change permissions of file
1.5 stevesk 321: .Ar path
322: to
1.3 deraadt 323: .Ar mode .
1.60 jaredy 324: .Ar path
325: may contain
326: .Xr glob 3
327: characters and may match multiple files.
1.3 deraadt 328: .It Ic chown Ar own Ar path
1.21 itojun 329: Change owner of file
1.5 stevesk 330: .Ar path
331: to
1.1 djm 332: .Ar own .
1.60 jaredy 333: .Ar path
334: may contain
335: .Xr glob 3
336: characters and may match multiple files.
1.1 djm 337: .Ar own
338: must be a numeric UID.
1.65 djm 339: .It Xo Ic df
340: .Op Fl hi
341: .Op Ar path
342: .Xc
343: Display usage information for the filesystem holding the current directory
344: (or
345: .Ar path
346: if specified).
347: If the
348: .Fl h
349: flag is specified, the capacity information will be displayed using
350: "human-readable" suffixes.
351: The
352: .Fl i
353: flag requests display of inode information in addition to capacity information.
354: This command is only supported on servers that implement the
355: .Dq statvfs@openssh.com
356: extension.
1.11 deraadt 357: .It Ic exit
1.44 jmc 358: Quit
359: .Nm sftp .
1.7 djm 360: .It Xo Ic get
1.95 djm 361: .Op Fl afPpr
1.7 djm 362: .Ar remote-path
363: .Op Ar local-path
364: .Xc
1.1 djm 365: Retrieve the
1.5 stevesk 366: .Ar remote-path
1.1 djm 367: and store it on the local machine.
368: If the local
1.21 itojun 369: path name is not specified, it is given the same name it has on the
1.44 jmc 370: remote machine.
1.60 jaredy 371: .Ar remote-path
372: may contain
373: .Xr glob 3
374: characters and may match multiple files.
375: If it does and
376: .Ar local-path
377: is specified, then
378: .Ar local-path
379: must specify a directory.
1.74 djm 380: .Pp
1.92 djm 381: If the
382: .Fl a
383: flag is specified, then attempt to resume partial transfers of existing files.
384: Note that resumption assumes that any partial copy of the local file matches
385: the remote copy.
1.93 djm 386: If the remote file contents differ from the partial local copy then the
387: resultant file is likely to be corrupt.
1.92 djm 388: .Pp
1.95 djm 389: If the
390: .Fl f
391: flag is specified, then
392: .Xr fsync 2
1.96 jmc 393: will be called after the file transfer has completed to flush the file
1.95 djm 394: to disk.
395: .Pp
1.76 jmc 396: If either the
1.75 djm 397: .Fl P
1.74 djm 398: or
399: .Fl p
1.60 jaredy 400: flag is specified, then full file permissions and access times are
1.7 djm 401: copied too.
1.74 djm 402: .Pp
403: If the
404: .Fl r
405: flag is specified then directories will be copied recursively.
406: Note that
407: .Nm
408: does not follow symbolic links when performing recursive transfers.
1.11 deraadt 409: .It Ic help
410: Display help text.
1.46 jmc 411: .It Ic lcd Ar path
412: Change local directory to
413: .Ar path .
1.3 deraadt 414: .It Ic lls Op Ar ls-options Op Ar path
1.21 itojun 415: Display local directory listing of either
1.1 djm 416: .Ar path
417: or current directory if
418: .Ar path
1.5 stevesk 419: is not specified.
1.60 jaredy 420: .Ar ls-options
421: may contain any flags supported by the local system's
422: .Xr ls 1
423: command.
424: .Ar path
425: may contain
426: .Xr glob 3
427: characters and may match multiple files.
1.3 deraadt 428: .It Ic lmkdir Ar path
1.1 djm 429: Create local directory specified by
1.3 deraadt 430: .Ar path .
1.88 djm 431: .It Xo Ic ln
432: .Op Fl s
433: .Ar oldpath
434: .Ar newpath
435: .Xc
436: Create a link from
1.12 djm 437: .Ar oldpath
438: to
439: .Ar newpath .
1.88 djm 440: If the
441: .Fl s
442: flag is specified the created link is a symbolic link, otherwise it is
443: a hard link.
1.3 deraadt 444: .It Ic lpwd
445: Print local working directory.
1.36 djm 446: .It Xo Ic ls
1.82 jmc 447: .Op Fl 1afhlnrSt
1.36 djm 448: .Op Ar path
449: .Xc
1.60 jaredy 450: Display a remote directory listing of either
1.1 djm 451: .Ar path
1.60 jaredy 452: or the current directory if
1.5 stevesk 453: .Ar path
1.44 jmc 454: is not specified.
1.60 jaredy 455: .Ar path
456: may contain
457: .Xr glob 3
458: characters and may match multiple files.
459: .Pp
460: The following flags are recognized and alter the behaviour of
461: .Ic ls
462: accordingly:
463: .Bl -tag -width Ds
464: .It Fl 1
465: Produce single columnar output.
466: .It Fl a
467: List files beginning with a dot
468: .Pq Sq \&. .
469: .It Fl f
470: Do not sort the listing.
471: The default sort order is lexicographical.
1.81 djm 472: .It Fl h
473: When used with a long format option, use unit suffixes: Byte, Kilobyte,
474: Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte, Petabyte, and Exabyte in order to reduce
475: the number of digits to four or fewer using powers of 2 for sizes (K=1024,
476: M=1048576, etc.).
1.82 jmc 477: .It Fl l
478: Display additional details including permissions
479: and ownership information.
1.60 jaredy 480: .It Fl n
481: Produce a long listing with user and group information presented
1.56 djm 482: numerically.
1.60 jaredy 483: .It Fl r
484: Reverse the sort order of the listing.
485: .It Fl S
486: Sort the listing by file size.
487: .It Fl t
488: Sort the listing by last modification time.
489: .El
1.3 deraadt 490: .It Ic lumask Ar umask
1.21 itojun 491: Set local umask to
1.3 deraadt 492: .Ar umask .
493: .It Ic mkdir Ar path
1.1 djm 494: Create remote directory specified by
1.3 deraadt 495: .Ar path .
1.40 fgsch 496: .It Ic progress
497: Toggle display of progress meter.
1.7 djm 498: .It Xo Ic put
1.98 logan 499: .Op Fl afPpr
1.7 djm 500: .Ar local-path
1.37 djm 501: .Op Ar remote-path
1.7 djm 502: .Xc
1.1 djm 503: Upload
1.5 stevesk 504: .Ar local-path
1.44 jmc 505: and store it on the remote machine.
506: If the remote path name is not specified, it is given the same name it has
507: on the local machine.
1.60 jaredy 508: .Ar local-path
509: may contain
510: .Xr glob 3
511: characters and may match multiple files.
512: If it does and
513: .Ar remote-path
514: is specified, then
515: .Ar remote-path
516: must specify a directory.
1.95 djm 517: .Pp
518: If the
1.99 jmc 519: .Fl a
1.98 logan 520: flag is specified, then attempt to resume partial
521: transfers of existing files.
1.99 jmc 522: Note that resumption assumes that any partial copy of the remote file
1.98 logan 523: matches the local copy.
524: If the local file contents differ from the remote local copy then
525: the resultant file is likely to be corrupt.
526: .Pp
527: If the
1.95 djm 528: .Fl f
529: flag is specified, then a request will be sent to the server to call
530: .Xr fsync 2
531: after the file has been transferred.
532: Note that this is only supported by servers that implement
533: the "fsync@openssh.com" extension.
1.74 djm 534: .Pp
1.90 dtucker 535: If either the
1.7 djm 536: .Fl P
1.74 djm 537: or
538: .Fl p
539: flag is specified, then full file permissions and access times are
1.7 djm 540: copied too.
1.74 djm 541: .Pp
542: If the
543: .Fl r
544: flag is specified then directories will be copied recursively.
545: Note that
546: .Nm
547: does not follow symbolic links when performing recursive transfers.
1.3 deraadt 548: .It Ic pwd
549: Display remote working directory.
550: .It Ic quit
1.44 jmc 551: Quit
552: .Nm sftp .
1.92 djm 553: .It Xo Ic reget
554: .Op Fl Ppr
555: .Ar remote-path
556: .Op Ar local-path
557: .Xc
558: Resume download of
559: .Ar remote-path .
560: Equivalent to
561: .Ic get
562: with the
1.98 logan 563: .Fl a
564: flag set.
565: .It Xo Ic reput
566: .Op Fl Ppr
567: .Op Ar local-path
568: .Ar remote-path
569: .Xc
570: Resume upload of
571: .Op Ar local-path .
572: Equivalent to
573: .Ic put
1.99 jmc 574: with the
1.92 djm 575: .Fl a
576: flag set.
1.3 deraadt 577: .It Ic rename Ar oldpath Ar newpath
1.1 djm 578: Rename remote file from
579: .Ar oldpath
580: to
1.3 deraadt 581: .Ar newpath .
1.46 jmc 582: .It Ic rm Ar path
583: Delete remote file specified by
584: .Ar path .
1.3 deraadt 585: .It Ic rmdir Ar path
1.1 djm 586: Remove remote directory specified by
1.3 deraadt 587: .Ar path .
1.12 djm 588: .It Ic symlink Ar oldpath Ar newpath
1.21 itojun 589: Create a symbolic link from
1.12 djm 590: .Ar oldpath
591: to
592: .Ar newpath .
1.38 fgsch 593: .It Ic version
594: Display the
595: .Nm
596: protocol version.
1.69 sobrado 597: .It Ic \&! Ns Ar command
1.21 itojun 598: Execute
1.1 djm 599: .Ar command
1.3 deraadt 600: in local shell.
1.45 jmc 601: .It Ic \&!
1.3 deraadt 602: Escape to local shell.
1.45 jmc 603: .It Ic \&?
1.5 stevesk 604: Synonym for help.
1.4 itojun 605: .El
1.1 djm 606: .Sh SEE ALSO
1.46 jmc 607: .Xr ftp 1 ,
1.60 jaredy 608: .Xr ls 1 ,
1.17 markus 609: .Xr scp 1 ,
1.1 djm 610: .Xr ssh 1 ,
611: .Xr ssh-add 1 ,
612: .Xr ssh-keygen 1 ,
1.60 jaredy 613: .Xr glob 3 ,
1.35 stevesk 614: .Xr ssh_config 5 ,
1.17 markus 615: .Xr sftp-server 8 ,
616: .Xr sshd 8
617: .Rs
1.20 deraadt 618: .%A T. Ylonen
619: .%A S. Lehtinen
1.17 markus 620: .%T "SSH File Transfer Protocol"
621: .%N draft-ietf-secsh-filexfer-00.txt
622: .%D January 2001
623: .%O work in progress material
624: .Re