Annotation of src/usr.bin/ssh/ssh-add.1, Revision 1.63
1.63 ! jmc 1: .\" $OpenBSD: ssh-add.1,v 1.62 2015/03/30 18:28:37 jmc Exp $
1.1 deraadt 2: .\"
3: .\" Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4: .\" Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5: .\" All rights reserved
6: .\"
1.17 deraadt 7: .\" As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
8: .\" can be used freely for any purpose. Any derived versions of this
9: .\" software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
10: .\" incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
11: .\" called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
12: .\"
13: .\"
1.22 deraadt 14: .\" Copyright (c) 1999,2000 Markus Friedl. All rights reserved.
15: .\" Copyright (c) 1999 Aaron Campbell. All rights reserved.
16: .\" Copyright (c) 1999 Theo de Raadt. All rights reserved.
1.17 deraadt 17: .\"
18: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
19: .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
20: .\" are met:
21: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
22: .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
23: .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
24: .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
25: .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
1.1 deraadt 26: .\"
1.17 deraadt 27: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
28: .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
29: .\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
30: .\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
31: .\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
32: .\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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35: .\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
36: .\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1.1 deraadt 37: .\"
1.63 ! jmc 38: .Dd $Mdocdate: March 30 2015 $
1.2 deraadt 39: .Dt SSH-ADD 1
40: .Os
41: .Sh NAME
42: .Nm ssh-add
1.53 djm 43: .Nd adds private key identities to the authentication agent
1.2 deraadt 44: .Sh SYNOPSIS
45: .Nm ssh-add
1.56 djm 46: .Op Fl cDdkLlXx
1.61 djm 47: .Op Fl E Ar fingerprint_hash
1.33 markus 48: .Op Fl t Ar life
1.2 deraadt 49: .Op Ar
1.26 jakob 50: .Nm ssh-add
1.50 jmc 51: .Fl s Ar pkcs11
1.26 jakob 52: .Nm ssh-add
1.50 jmc 53: .Fl e Ar pkcs11
1.12 aaron 54: .Sh DESCRIPTION
1.2 deraadt 55: .Nm
1.53 djm 56: adds private key identities to the authentication agent,
1.2 deraadt 57: .Xr ssh-agent 1 .
1.28 djm 58: When run without arguments, it adds the files
1.43 djm 59: .Pa ~/.ssh/id_rsa ,
1.53 djm 60: .Pa ~/.ssh/id_dsa ,
1.59 naddy 61: .Pa ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa ,
1.28 djm 62: and
1.63 ! jmc 63: .Pa ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 .
1.52 djm 64: After loading a private key,
65: .Nm
66: will try to load corresponding certificate information from the
67: filename obtained by appending
68: .Pa -cert.pub
69: to the name of the private key file.
1.11 aaron 70: Alternative file names can be given on the command line.
1.52 djm 71: .Pp
1.11 aaron 72: If any file requires a passphrase,
1.2 deraadt 73: .Nm
1.12 aaron 74: asks for the passphrase from the user.
1.25 stevesk 75: The passphrase is read from the user's tty.
1.23 markus 76: .Nm
77: retries the last passphrase if multiple identity files are given.
1.2 deraadt 78: .Pp
1.40 matthieu 79: The authentication agent must be running and the
80: .Ev SSH_AUTH_SOCK
81: environment variable must contain the name of its socket for
1.2 deraadt 82: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 83: to work.
1.2 deraadt 84: .Pp
85: The options are as follows:
86: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.36 markus 87: .It Fl c
88: Indicates that added identities should be subject to confirmation before
1.38 jmc 89: being used for authentication.
1.62 jmc 90: Confirmation is performed by
91: .Xr ssh-askpass 1 .
92: Successful confirmation is signaled by a zero exit status from
93: .Xr ssh-askpass 1 ,
94: rather than text entered into the requester.
1.42 jmc 95: .It Fl D
96: Deletes all identities from the agent.
97: .It Fl d
1.46 jmc 98: Instead of adding identities, removes identities from the agent.
1.45 djm 99: If
100: .Nm
1.57 djm 101: has been run without arguments, the keys for the default identities and
1.58 jmc 102: their corresponding certificates will be removed.
1.45 djm 103: Otherwise, the argument list will be interpreted as a list of paths to
1.57 djm 104: public key files to specify keys and certificates to be removed from the agent.
1.45 djm 105: If no public key is found at a given path,
106: .Nm
107: will append
108: .Pa .pub
109: and retry.
1.61 djm 110: .It Fl E Ar fingerprint_hash
111: Specifies the hash algorithm used when displaying key fingerprints.
112: Valid options are:
113: .Dq md5
114: and
115: .Dq sha256 .
116: The default is
117: .Dq sha256 .
1.49 markus 118: .It Fl e Ar pkcs11
1.51 markus 119: Remove keys provided by the PKCS#11 shared library
1.49 markus 120: .Ar pkcs11 .
1.56 djm 121: .It Fl k
1.57 djm 122: When loading keys into or deleting keys from the agent, process plain private
123: keys only and skip certificates.
1.42 jmc 124: .It Fl L
125: Lists public key parameters of all identities currently represented
126: by the agent.
127: .It Fl l
128: Lists fingerprints of all identities currently represented by the agent.
1.49 markus 129: .It Fl s Ar pkcs11
1.51 markus 130: Add keys provided by the PKCS#11 shared library
1.49 markus 131: .Ar pkcs11 .
1.42 jmc 132: .It Fl t Ar life
133: Set a maximum lifetime when adding identities to an agent.
134: The lifetime may be specified in seconds or in a time format
135: specified in
136: .Xr sshd_config 5 .
137: .It Fl X
138: Unlock the agent.
139: .It Fl x
140: Lock the agent with a password.
1.2 deraadt 141: .El
1.9 markus 142: .Sh ENVIRONMENT
143: .Bl -tag -width Ds
144: .It Ev "DISPLAY" and "SSH_ASKPASS"
1.1 deraadt 145: If
1.2 deraadt 146: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 147: needs a passphrase, it will read the passphrase from the current
1.11 aaron 148: terminal if it was run from a terminal.
149: If
1.2 deraadt 150: .Nm
1.1 deraadt 151: does not have a terminal associated with it but
1.2 deraadt 152: .Ev DISPLAY
1.8 markus 153: and
154: .Ev SSH_ASKPASS
155: are set, it will execute the program specified by
156: .Ev SSH_ASKPASS
1.62 jmc 157: (by default
158: .Dq ssh-askpass )
1.11 aaron 159: and open an X11 window to read the passphrase.
160: This is particularly useful when calling
1.2 deraadt 161: .Nm
162: from a
1.41 jmc 163: .Pa .xsession
1.11 aaron 164: or related script.
165: (Note that on some machines it
1.2 deraadt 166: may be necessary to redirect the input from
167: .Pa /dev/null
168: to make this work.)
1.31 markus 169: .It Ev SSH_AUTH_SOCK
1.47 sobrado 170: Identifies the path of a
1.48 sobrado 171: .Ux Ns -domain
172: socket used to communicate with the agent.
1.16 itojun 173: .El
1.39 jmc 174: .Sh FILES
175: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.43 djm 176: .It Pa ~/.ssh/id_dsa
1.39 jmc 177: Contains the protocol version 2 DSA authentication identity of the user.
1.53 djm 178: .It Pa ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa
179: Contains the protocol version 2 ECDSA authentication identity of the user.
1.59 naddy 180: .It Pa ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
1.60 sobrado 181: Contains the protocol version 2 Ed25519 authentication identity of the user.
1.43 djm 182: .It Pa ~/.ssh/id_rsa
1.39 jmc 183: Contains the protocol version 2 RSA authentication identity of the user.
184: .El
185: .Pp
186: Identity files should not be readable by anyone but the user.
187: Note that
188: .Nm
189: ignores identity files if they are accessible by others.
1.54 jmc 190: .Sh EXIT STATUS
1.29 markus 191: Exit status is 0 on success, 1 if the specified command fails,
192: and 2 if
193: .Nm
194: is unable to contact the authentication agent.
1.39 jmc 195: .Sh SEE ALSO
196: .Xr ssh 1 ,
197: .Xr ssh-agent 1 ,
1.62 jmc 198: .Xr ssh-askpass 1 ,
1.39 jmc 199: .Xr ssh-keygen 1 ,
200: .Xr sshd 8
1.18 aaron 201: .Sh AUTHORS
1.19 markus 202: OpenSSH is a derivative of the original and free
203: ssh 1.2.12 release by Tatu Ylonen.
204: Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck, Markus Friedl, Niels Provos,
205: Theo de Raadt and Dug Song
206: removed many bugs, re-added newer features and
207: created OpenSSH.
208: Markus Friedl contributed the support for SSH
209: protocol versions 1.5 and 2.0.