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version 1.1, 1999/09/26 20:53:37 version 1.2, 1999/09/26 22:30:06
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 .\"  .\"
 .\" $Id$  .\" $Id$
 .\"  .\"
 .TH SSH-KEYGEN 1 "November 8, 1995" "SSH" "SSH"  .Dd September 25, 1999
   .Dt SSH-KEYGEN 1
 .SH NAME  .Os
 ssh-keygen \- authentication key generation  .Sh NAME
   .Nm ssh-keygen
 .SH SYNOPSIS  .Nd authentication key generation
 .LP  .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .B ssh-keygen  .Nm ssh-keygen
 [\c  .Op Fl b Ar bits
 .BI \-b \ bits\c  .Op Fl N Ar new_passphrase
 ]  .Op Fl C Ar comment
 [\c  .Nm ssh-keygen
 .BI \-N \ new_passphrase\c  .Fl p
 ]  .Op Fl P Ar old_passphrase
 [\c  .Op Fl N Ar new_passphrase
 .BI \-C \ comment\c  .Nm ssh-keygen
 ]  .Fl c
   .Op Fl P Ar passphrase
 .B "ssh-keygen \-p  .Op Fl C Ar comment
 [\c  .Sh DESCRIPTION
 .BI \-P \ old_passphrase\c  .Nm
 ]  
 [\c  
 .BI \-N \ new_passphrase\c  
 ]  
   
 .B "ssh-keygen \-c  
 [\c  
 .BI \-P \ passphrase\c  
 ]  
 [\c  
 .BI \-C \ comment\c  
 ]  
   
 .SH DESCRIPTION  
 .LP  
 .B Ssh-keygen  
 generates and manages authentication keys for  generates and manages authentication keys for
 .BR ssh (1).  .Xr ssh 1 .
 Normally each user wishing to use  Normally each user wishing to use SSH
 .B ssh  
 with RSA authentication runs this once to create the authentication  with RSA authentication runs this once to create the authentication
 key in  key in
 .IR \&$HOME/\s+2.\s0ssh/identity ".  .Pa $HOME/.ssh/identity .
 Additionally, the system administrator may use this to generate host keys.  Additionally, the system administrator may use this to generate host keys.
 .LP  .Pp
 Normally this program generates the key and asks for a file in which  Normally this program generates the key and asks for a file in which
 to store the private key.  The public key is stored in a file with the  to store the private key.  The public key is stored in a file with the
 same name but ".pub" appended.  The program also asks for a  same name but
   .Dq .pub
   appended.  The program also asks for a
 passphrase.  The passphrase may be empty to indicate no passphrase  passphrase.  The passphrase may be empty to indicate no passphrase
 (host keys must have empty passphrase), or it may be a string of  (host keys must have empty passphrase), or it may be a string of
 arbitrary length.  Good passphrases are 10-30 characters long and are  arbitrary length.  Good passphrases are 10-30 characters long and are
 not simple sentences or otherwise easily guessable (English  not simple sentences or otherwise easily guessable (English
 prose has only 1-2 bits of entropy per word, and provides very bad  prose has only 1-2 bits of entropy per word, and provides very bad
 passphrases).  The passphrase can be changed later by using the  passphrases).  The passphrase can be changed later by using the
 .B \-p  .Fl p
 option.  option.
 .LP  .Pp
 There is no way to recover a lost passphrase.  If the passphrase is  There is no way to recover a lost passphrase.  If the passphrase is
 lost or forgotten, you will have to generate a new key and copy the  lost or forgotten, you will have to generate a new key and copy the
 corresponding public key to other machines.  corresponding public key to other machines.
 .LP  .Pp
 There is also a comment field in the key file that is only for  There is also a comment field in the key file that is only for
 convenience to the user to help identify the key.  The comment can  convenience to the user to help identify the key.  The comment can
 tell what the key is for, or whatever is useful.  The comment is  tell what the key is for, or whatever is useful.  The comment is
 initialized to user@host when the key is created, but can be changed  initialized to
 using the  .Dq user@host
 .B \-c  when the key is created, but can be changed using the
   .Fl c
 option.  option.
   .Pp
 .SH OPTIONS  The options are as follows:
 .TP 0.6i  .Pp
 .BI \-b \ bits  .Bl -tag -width Ds
   .It Fl b Ar bits
 Specifies the number of bits in the key to create.  Minimum is 512  Specifies the number of bits in the key to create.  Minimum is 512
 bits.  Generally 1024 bits is considered sufficient, and key sizes  bits.  Generally 1024 bits is considered sufficient, and key sizes
 above that no longer improve security but make things slower.  The  above that no longer improve security but make things slower.  The
 default is 1024 bits.  default is 1024 bits.
 .TP  .It Fl c
 .B \-c  
 Requests changing the comment in the private and public key files.  Requests changing the comment in the private and public key files.
 The program will prompt for the file containing the private keys, for  The program will prompt for the file containing the private keys, for
 passphrase if the key has one, and for the new comment.  passphrase if the key has one, and for the new comment.
 .TP  .It Fl p
 .B \-p  
 Requests changing the passphrase of a private key file instead of  Requests changing the passphrase of a private key file instead of
 creating a new private key.  The program will prompt for the file  creating a new private key.  The program will prompt for the file
 containing the private key, for the old passphrase, and twice for the  containing the private key, for the old passphrase, and twice for the
 new passphrase.  new passphrase.
 .TP  .It Fl C Ar comment
 .B \-C  
 Provides the new comment.  Provides the new comment.
 .TP  .It Fl N Ar new_passphrase
 .B \-N  
 Provides the new passphrase.  Provides the new passphrase.
 .TP  .It Fl P Ar passphrase
 .B \-P  
 Provides the (old) passphrase.  Provides the (old) passphrase.
   .El
 .SH FILES  .Sh FILES
 .TP 0.6i  .Bl -tag -width Ds
 .I \&$HOME/\s+2.\s0ssh/random_seed  .It Pa $HOME/.ssh/random_seed
 Used for seeding the random number generator.  This file should not be  Used for seeding the random number generator.  This file should not be
 readable by anyone but the user.  This file is created the first time  readable by anyone but the user.  This file is created the first time
 the program is run, and is updated every time.  the program is run, and is updated every time.
 .TP  .It Pa $HOME/.ssh/identity
 .I \&$HOME/\s+2.\s0ssh/identity  
 Contains the RSA authentication identity of the user.  This file  Contains the RSA authentication identity of the user.  This file
 should not be readable by anyone but the user.  It is possible to  should not be readable by anyone but the user.  It is possible to
 specify a passphrase when generating the key; that passphrase will be  specify a passphrase when generating the key; that passphrase will be
 used to encrypt the private part of this file using IDEA.  This file  used to encrypt the private part of this file using IDEA.  This file
 is not automatically accessed by  is not automatically accessed by
 .BR ssh-keygen ",  .Nm
 but it is offered as the default file for the private key.  but it is offered as the default file for the private key.
 .TP  .It Pa $HOME/.ssh/identity.pub
 .I \&$HOME/\s+2.\s0ssh/identity.pub  
 Contains the public key for authentication.  The contents of this file  Contains the public key for authentication.  The contents of this file
 should be added to \f4$HOME/\s+2.\s0ssh/authorized_keys\f1 on all machines  should be added to
   .Pa $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys
   on all machines
 where you wish to log in using RSA authentication.  There is no  where you wish to log in using RSA authentication.  There is no
 need to keep the contents of this file secret.  need to keep the contents of this file secret.
   .Sh AUTHOR
 .SH AUTHOR  
 .LP  
 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>  Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
   .Sh SEE ALSO
 .SH SEE ALSO  .Xr ssh 1 ,
 .LP  .Xr ssh-add 1 ,
 .BR ssh (1),  .Xr ssh-agent 1,
 .BR sshd (8),  .Xr sshd 8
 .BR ssh-agent (1),  
 .BR ssh-add (1)  
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