Annotation of src/usr.bin/systat/systat.1, Revision 1.100
1.100 ! bentley 1: .\" $OpenBSD: systat.1,v 1.99 2014/10/24 10:18:50 schwarze Exp $
1.2 deraadt 2: .\" $NetBSD: systat.1,v 1.6 1996/05/10 23:16:39 thorpej Exp $
1.1 deraadt 3: .\"
4: .\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1990, 1993
5: .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
6: .\"
7: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8: .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9: .\" are met:
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11: .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12: .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13: .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14: .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
1.28 millert 15: .\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
1.1 deraadt 16: .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17: .\" without specific prior written permission.
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31: .\" @(#)systat.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/30/93
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1.100 ! bentley 33: .Dd $Mdocdate: October 24 2014 $
1.1 deraadt 34: .Dt SYSTAT 1
1.12 aaron 35: .Os
1.1 deraadt 36: .Sh NAME
37: .Nm systat
1.41 jmc 38: .Nd display system statistics
1.1 deraadt 39: .Sh SYNOPSIS
40: .Nm systat
1.96 reyk 41: .Op Fl aBbiNn
1.62 matthieu 42: .Op Fl d Ar count
43: .Op Fl s Ar delay
44: .Op Fl w Ar width
45: .Op Ar view
46: .Op Ar delay
1.1 deraadt 47: .Sh DESCRIPTION
1.13 aaron 48: .Nm
1.73 jmc 49: displays various system statistics in a screen-oriented fashion
50: using the
51: .Xr curses 3
52: screen display library.
1.1 deraadt 53: .Pp
54: While
1.13 aaron 55: .Nm
1.86 lum 56: is running, the screen is divided into different areas.
57: The top line displays the current number of users, the
58: three system load average figures over the last 1, 5, and
59: 15 minute intervals, and the system time.
1.73 jmc 60: The bottom line of the screen is reserved for
61: user input and error messages.
62: The information displayed in the rest of the screen
63: comprises a
64: .Em view ,
65: and is the main interface for
1.76 jmc 66: displaying different types of system statistics.
1.73 jmc 67: The
68: .Ic vmstat
69: view is the default.
1.77 jmc 70: .Pp
71: Certain information may be discarded when the screen size is
72: insufficient for display.
73: For example, on a machine with 10 drives the
74: .Ic iostat
75: bar graph displays only 3 drives on a 24 line terminal.
1.76 jmc 76: .\".Pp
77: .\"Input is interpreted at two different levels.
78: .\"A
79: .\".Dq global
80: .\"command interpreter processes all keyboard input.
81: .\"If this command interpreter fails to recognize a command, the
82: .\"input line is passed to a per-display command interpreter.
83: .\"This allows each display to have certain display-specific commands.
1.1 deraadt 84: .Pp
1.16 aaron 85: The options are as follows:
1.62 matthieu 86: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.64 jmc 87: .It Fl a
1.62 matthieu 88: Display all lines.
1.96 reyk 89: .It Fl B
90: Raw, non-interactive mode.
91: The default is to exit after two screen updates,
92: with statistics only ever displayed once.
93: Useful for views such as
94: .Ic cpu ,
95: where initial calculations are useless.
1.62 matthieu 96: .It Fl b
1.88 lum 97: Raw, non-interactive mode.
1.96 reyk 98: The default is to exit after one screen update,
99: with statistics displayed every update.
1.62 matthieu 100: .It Fl d Ar count
101: Exit after
102: .Ar count
103: screen updates.
104: .It Fl i
105: Interactive mode.
1.81 sthen 106: .It Fl N
107: Resolve network addresses to names.
108: This is the opposite of the
109: .Fl n
110: option.
1.34 itojun 111: .It Fl n
1.73 jmc 112: Do not try to reverse map IP addresses.
1.81 sthen 113: This is the default.
1.62 matthieu 114: .It Fl s Ar delay
1.31 jmc 115: Specifies the screen refresh time interval in seconds.
1.62 matthieu 116: This option is overridden by the final
1.64 jmc 117: .Ar delay
1.73 jmc 118: argument, if given.
1.31 jmc 119: The default interval is 5 seconds.
1.62 matthieu 120: .It Fl w Ar width
1.94 okan 121: Specifies the maximum width of the output in raw, non-interactive mode.
1.62 matthieu 122: .It Ar view
1.1 deraadt 123: The
1.62 matthieu 124: .Ar view
1.2 deraadt 125: argument expects to be one of:
1.62 matthieu 126: .Ic vmstat ,
1.1 deraadt 127: .Ic pigs ,
1.62 matthieu 128: .Ic ifstat ,
1.1 deraadt 129: .Ic iostat ,
1.49 deraadt 130: .Ic sensors ,
1.1 deraadt 131: .Ic mbufs ,
1.62 matthieu 132: .Ic netstat ,
133: .Ic swap ,
134: .Ic states ,
135: .Ic rules ,
1.68 canacar 136: .Ic queues ,
1.71 canacar 137: .Ic pf ,
138: .Ic pool ,
139: .Ic malloc ,
1.80 jmc 140: .Ic buckets ,
141: .Ic nfsclient ,
1.96 reyk 142: .Ic nfsserver ,
1.1 deraadt 143: or
1.96 reyk 144: .Ic cpu .
1.2 deraadt 145: These displays can also be requested interactively and are described in
1.1 deraadt 146: full detail below.
1.62 matthieu 147: .Ar view
1.53 jmc 148: may be abbreviated to the minimum unambiguous prefix;
149: for example,
1.50 jmc 150: .Dq io
151: for
152: .Dq iostat .
1.62 matthieu 153: .It Ar delay
1.1 deraadt 154: The
1.62 matthieu 155: .Ar delay
1.73 jmc 156: argument specifies the screen refresh time interval in seconds.
157: This is provided for backwards compatibility, and overrides any
1.31 jmc 158: interval specified with the
1.73 jmc 159: .Fl s
1.2 deraadt 160: flag.
1.31 jmc 161: The default interval is 5 seconds.
1.1 deraadt 162: .El
163: .Pp
164: Certain characters cause immediate action by
1.61 jmc 165: .Nm .
1.63 sobrado 166: These are:
1.1 deraadt 167: .Bl -tag -width Fl
168: .It Ic \&:
169: Move the cursor to the command line and interpret the input
1.16 aaron 170: line typed as a command.
171: While entering a command the
1.1 deraadt 172: current character erase, word erase, and line kill characters
173: may be used.
1.69 canacar 174: .It Ic o
175: Select the next ordering which sorts the rows according to a
1.70 jmc 176: combination of columns.
177: Available orderings depend on the view.
178: Not all views support orderings.
1.66 canacar 179: .It Ic p
180: Pause
181: .Nm .
1.59 jmc 182: .It Ic q
1.73 jmc 183: Quit
1.66 canacar 184: .Nm .
1.69 canacar 185: .It Ic r
186: Reverse the selected ordering if supported by the view.
1.91 mpf 187: .It Ic \&,
188: Print numbers with thousand separators, where applicable.
1.100 ! bentley 189: .It Ic ^A | Aq Ic Home
1.66 canacar 190: Jump to the beginning of the current view.
1.100 ! bentley 191: .It Ic ^B | Aq Ic right arrow
1.84 jmc 192: Select the previous view.
1.100 ! bentley 193: .It Ic ^E | Aq Ic End
1.66 canacar 194: Jump to the end of the current view.
1.100 ! bentley 195: .It Ic ^F | Aq Ic left arrow
1.66 canacar 196: Select the next view.
197: .It Ic ^G
198: Print the name of the current
1.73 jmc 199: view being shown and the refresh interval.
1.66 canacar 200: .It Ic ^L
201: Refresh the screen.
1.100 ! bentley 202: .It Ic ^N | Aq Ic down arrow
1.66 canacar 203: Scroll current view down by one line.
1.100 ! bentley 204: .It Ic ^P | Aq Ic up arrow
1.66 canacar 205: Scroll current view up by one line.
1.100 ! bentley 206: .It Ic ^V | Aq Ic Page Down
1.66 canacar 207: Scroll current view down by one page.
1.100 ! bentley 208: .It Ic Alt-V | Aq Ic Page Up
1.66 canacar 209: Scroll current view up by one page.
210: .It Ic ^Z
211: Suspend
1.59 jmc 212: .Nm .
1.1 deraadt 213: .El
214: .Pp
1.13 aaron 215: The following commands are interpreted by the
216: .Dq global
1.1 deraadt 217: command interpreter.
218: .Bl -tag -width Fl
219: .It Ic help
1.73 jmc 220: Print the names of the available views on the command line.
1.52 jmc 221: .It Ic quit
1.73 jmc 222: Quit
1.61 jmc 223: .Nm .
1.52 jmc 224: (This may be abbreviated to
225: .Ic q . )
1.1 deraadt 226: .It Ic stop
227: Stop refreshing the screen.
228: .It Xo
229: .Op Ic start
230: .Op Ar number
231: .Xc
1.16 aaron 232: Start (continue) refreshing the screen.
233: If a second, numeric,
1.1 deraadt 234: argument is provided it is interpreted as a refresh interval
235: (in seconds).
236: Supplying only a number will set the refresh interval to this
237: value.
238: .El
239: .Pp
1.73 jmc 240: .Ar view
1.53 jmc 241: may be abbreviated to the minimum unambiguous prefix.
1.73 jmc 242: The available views are:
1.52 jmc 243: .Bl -tag -width "netstatXXX"
1.71 canacar 244: .It Ic buckets
245: Display kernel
246: .Xr malloc 9
247: bucket statistics similar to the output of
248: .Cm vmstat Fl m .
1.96 reyk 249: .It Ic cpu
250: Display information about the average usage of each CPU,
251: similar to the output provided by
252: .Xr top 1 .
1.52 jmc 253: .It Ic ifstat
1.73 jmc 254: Display interface statistics.
1.52 jmc 255: The
256: .Dq State
257: column has the format
258: .Sm off
259: .Xo
1.100 ! bentley 260: .Cm up | dn
! 261: .Bq : Cm U | D .
1.52 jmc 262: .Xc
263: .Sm on
264: .Sq up
265: and
266: .Sq dn
267: represent whether the interface is up or down.
268: .Sq U
269: and
270: .Sq D
271: represent whether the interface is connected or not;
272: in the case of
273: .Xr carp 4
274: interfaces, whether the interface is in master or backup state, respectively.
1.92 lum 275: .Pp
1.91 mpf 276: The character
277: .Ic B
278: changes the counter view between bytes and bits.
1.92 lum 279: Pressing
280: .Ic b
281: displays statistics as calculated from boot time.
282: .Ic r
283: changes the counters to show their totals as calculated
284: between display refreshes.
285: .Ic t
286: changes the counters to show the average per second over
287: the display refresh interval;
288: this is the default.
1.52 jmc 289: .It Ic iostat
1.73 jmc 290: Display statistics about disk throughput.
1.52 jmc 291: Statistics
292: on disk throughput show, for each drive, data transferred in kilobytes,
293: number of disk transactions performed, and time spent in disk accesses
1.56 otto 294: (in fractions of a second).
1.71 canacar 295: .It Ic malloc
296: Display kernel
297: .Xr malloc 9
298: type statistics similar to the output of
299: .Cm vmstat Fl m .
300: Available orderings are:
301: .Ic name ,
302: .Ic inuse ,
303: .Ic memuse ,
304: and
305: .Ic requests .
1.72 jmc 306: .It Ic mbufs
1.78 canacar 307: Display mbuf usage information from kernel pools
308: and mbuf cluster pool statistics of each network interface.
1.52 jmc 309: .It Ic netstat
1.73 jmc 310: Display network connections.
1.93 okan 311: Each address
312: is displayed numerically in the format
313: .Dq host:port .
1.52 jmc 314: By default, network servers awaiting requests are not displayed.
1.93 okan 315: It is also possible to have addresses displayed symbolically,
316: when possible, and limit the display to a set of protocols
317: (the minimum unambiguous prefix may be supplied):
318: .Bl -tag -width Ar
319: .It Cm all
320: Toggle the displaying of server processes awaiting requests (this
321: is the equivalent of the
322: .Fl a
323: flag to
324: .Xr netstat 1 ) .
325: .It Cm names
326: Display network addresses symbolically.
327: .It Cm numbers
328: Display network addresses numerically.
329: .It Cm reset
330: Reset matching mechanisms to the default.
1.76 jmc 331: .\".It Cm show Oo
1.100 ! bentley 332: .\".Ar protocols | ports | hosts
1.76 jmc 333: .\".Oc
334: .\"Show, on the command line, the currently selected protocols,
335: .\"hosts, and ports.
336: .\"Protocols, hosts and ports which are being ignored are prefixed with a
337: .\".Ql \&! .
338: .\"If an argument is supplied to
339: .\".Cm show ,
340: .\"then only the requested information will be displayed.
1.100 ! bentley 341: .It Cm tcp | udp
1.93 okan 342: Display only network connections using the indicated protocol.
343: .El
1.79 jasper 344: .It Ic nfsclient
1.80 jmc 345: Display statistics about NFS client activity.
1.84 jmc 346: Output resembles
1.79 jasper 347: .Cm nfsstat Fl c .
348: .It Ic nfsserver
1.80 jmc 349: Display statistics about NFS server activity.
1.84 jmc 350: Output resembles
1.79 jasper 351: .Cm nfsstat Fl s .
1.62 matthieu 352: .It Ic pf
1.64 jmc 353: Display filter information about
1.62 matthieu 354: .Xr pf 4 ,
355: similar to the output of
1.64 jmc 356: .Cm pfctl Fl s Cm info
1.62 matthieu 357: option.
1.1 deraadt 358: .It Ic pigs
1.73 jmc 359: Display those processes resident in main
1.1 deraadt 360: memory and getting the
1.73 jmc 361: largest portion of the processor.
1.1 deraadt 362: When less than 100% of the
363: processor is scheduled to user processes, the remaining time
1.13 aaron 364: is accounted to the
365: .Dq idle
366: process.
1.68 canacar 367: .It Ic pool
368: Display kernel
369: .Xr pool 9
370: statistics similar to the output of
371: .Cm vmstat Fl m .
1.69 canacar 372: Available orderings are:
1.75 canacar 373: .Ic name ,
374: .Ic requests ,
1.76 jmc 375: .Ic size ,
1.69 canacar 376: and
1.75 canacar 377: .Ic number of pages .
1.98 mpi 378: .Pp
379: By default only the statistics of active pools are displayed but pressing
380: .Ic A
381: changes the view to show all of them.
1.62 matthieu 382: .It Ic queues
1.97 henning 383: Display statistics about the active queues,
384: similar to the output of
1.62 matthieu 385: .Cm pfctl Fl s Cm queue .
386: .It Ic rules
1.64 jmc 387: Display pf rules statistics, similar to the output of
1.62 matthieu 388: .Cm pfctl Fl s Cm rules .
1.52 jmc 389: .It Ic sensors
1.73 jmc 390: Display the current values of available hardware sensors,
1.52 jmc 391: in a format similar to that of
392: .Xr sysctl 8 .
1.62 matthieu 393: .It Ic states
1.64 jmc 394: Display pf states statistics, similar to the output of
1.62 matthieu 395: .Cm pfctl Fl s Cm states .
1.69 canacar 396: Available orderings are:
397: .Ic none ,
398: .Ic bytes ,
399: .Ic expiry ,
400: .Ic packets ,
401: .Ic age ,
402: .Ic source address ,
403: .Ic source port ,
404: .Ic destination address ,
405: .Ic destination port ,
406: .Ic rate ,
407: and
408: .Ic peak
409: columns.
1.1 deraadt 410: .It Ic swap
1.12 aaron 411: Show information about swap space usage on all the
1.1 deraadt 412: swap areas compiled into the kernel.
413: The first column is the device name of the partition.
414: The next column is the total space available in the partition.
1.12 aaron 415: The
1.1 deraadt 416: .Ar Used
417: column indicates the total blocks used so far;
418: the graph shows the percentage of space in use on each partition.
1.8 aaron 419: If there is more than one swap partition in use,
1.1 deraadt 420: a total line is also shown.
1.8 aaron 421: Areas known to the kernel but not in use are shown as not available.
1.1 deraadt 422: .It Ic vmstat
423: Take over the entire display and show a (rather crowded) compendium
424: of statistics related to virtual memory usage, process scheduling,
1.84 jmc 425: device interrupts, system name translation caching, disk I/O, etc.
1.73 jmc 426: This view is the default.
1.1 deraadt 427: .Pp
1.86 lum 428: Below the top line are statistics on memory utilization.
1.1 deraadt 429: The first row of the table reports memory usage only among
1.8 aaron 430: active processes, that is, processes that have run in the previous
1.1 deraadt 431: twenty seconds.
432: The second row reports on memory usage of all processes.
1.47 millert 433: The first column reports on the amount of physical memory
1.1 deraadt 434: claimed by processes.
1.29 jmc 435: The second column reports the same figure for
1.47 millert 436: virtual memory, that is, the amount of memory that would be
437: needed if all processes were resident at the same time.
438: Finally, the last column shows the amount of physical memory
1.1 deraadt 439: on the free list.
440: .Pp
1.5 flipk 441: Below the memory display is a list of the average number of processes
1.13 aaron 442: (over the last refresh interval) that are runnable
443: .Pq Sq r ,
444: in disk wait other than paging
445: .Pq Sq d ,
446: sleeping
447: .Pq Sq s ,
448: and swapped out but desiring to run
449: .Pq Sq w .
1.1 deraadt 450: Below the queue length listing is a numerical listing and
451: a bar graph showing the amount of
1.40 dlg 452: interrupt (shown as
1.100 ! bentley 453: .Ql | ) ,
1.16 aaron 454: system (shown as
455: .Ql = ) ,
456: user (shown as
1.100 ! bentley 457: .Ql > ) ,
1.16 aaron 458: nice (shown as
459: .Ql - ) ,
460: and idle time (shown as
1.29 jmc 461: .Ql \ \& ) .
1.1 deraadt 462: .Pp
1.12 aaron 463: To the right of the Proc display are statistics about
1.16 aaron 464: Context switches
465: .Pq Dq Csw ,
466: Traps
467: .Pq Dq Trp ,
468: Syscalls
469: .Pq Dq Sys ,
470: Interrupts
471: .Pq Dq Int ,
472: Soft interrupts
473: .Pq Dq Sof ,
474: and Faults
475: .Pq Dq Flt
1.7 deraadt 476: which have occurred during the last refresh interval.
1.5 flipk 477: .Pp
1.83 jmc 478: Below the CPU usage graph are statistics on name translations.
1.1 deraadt 479: It lists the number of names translated in the previous interval,
480: the number and percentage of the translations that were
481: handled by the system wide name translation cache, and
482: the number and percentage of the translations that were
483: handled by the per process name translation cache.
484: .Pp
1.5 flipk 485: At the bottom left is the disk usage display.
486: It reports the number of seeks, transfers, number
487: of kilobyte blocks transferred per second averaged over the
1.90 lum 488: refresh period of the display, and
1.5 flipk 489: the time spent in disk accesses.
490: .Pp
1.1 deraadt 491: Under the date in the upper right hand quadrant are statistics
492: on paging and swapping activity.
493: The first two columns report the average number of pages
494: brought in and out per second over the last refresh interval
495: due to page faults and the paging daemon.
496: The third and fourth columns report the average number of pages
497: brought in and out per second over the last refresh interval
498: due to swap requests initiated by the scheduler.
499: The first row of the display shows the average
1.8 aaron 500: number of disk transfers per second over the last refresh interval.
501: The second row of the display shows the average
1.1 deraadt 502: number of pages transferred per second over the last refresh interval.
503: .Pp
504: Running down the right hand side of the display is a breakdown
505: of the interrupts being handled by the system.
506: At the top of the list is the total interrupts per second
507: over the time interval.
508: The rest of the column breaks down the total on a device
509: by device basis.
510: Only devices that have interrupted at least once since boot time are shown.
1.83 jmc 511: .Pp
1.89 lum 512: Below the Interrupts display are
513: the average number of input and output packets per second
514: for all interfaces over the last refresh interval.
1.5 flipk 515: .Pp
516: Below the SWAPPING display and slightly to the left of the Interrupts
1.18 aaron 517: display is a list of virtual memory statistics.
518: The abbreviations are:
1.36 jmc 519: .Pp
1.38 niallo 520: .Bl -tag -compact -width "kmapentXX" -offset indent
1.21 deraadt 521: .It forks
522: process forks
523: .It fkppw
524: forks where parent waits
525: .It fksvm
526: forks where vmspace is shared
527: .It pwait
528: fault had to wait on a page
529: .It relck
530: fault relock called
531: .It rlkok
532: fault relock is successful
533: .It noram
534: faults out of ram
535: .It ndcpy
536: number of times fault clears "need copy"
537: .It fltcp
538: number of times fault promotes with copy
539: .It zfod
540: fault promotes with zerofill
1.5 flipk 541: .It cow
1.21 deraadt 542: number of times fault anon cow
543: .It fmin
544: min number of free pages
545: .It ftarg
546: target number of free pages
547: .It itarg
548: target number of inactive pages
549: .It wired
550: wired pages
1.25 deraadt 551: .It pdfre
1.21 deraadt 552: pages daemon freed since boot
553: .It pdscn
554: pages daemon scanned since boot
1.38 niallo 555: .It pzidle
556: number of zeroed pages
557: .It kmapent
558: number of kernel map entries
1.5 flipk 559: .El
1.35 markus 560: .El
1.74 jmc 561: .\".Pp
562: .\"The following commands are specific to the
563: .\".Ic vmstat
564: .\"and
565: .\".Ic ifstat
566: .\"views; the minimum unambiguous prefix may be supplied.
567: .\".Pp
568: .\".Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
569: .\".It Cm boot
570: .\"Display cumulative statistics since the system was booted.
571: .\".It Cm run
572: .\"Display statistics as a running total from the point this
573: .\"command is given.
574: .\".It Cm time
575: .\"Display statistics averaged over the refresh interval (the default).
576: .\".It Cm zero
577: .\"Reset running statistics to zero.
578: .\".El
579: .\".Pp
580: .\"The following commands are common to each view which shows
581: .\"information about disk drives.
582: .\"These commands are used to select a set of drives to report on,
583: .\"should a system have more drives configured
584: .\"than can normally be displayed on the screen.
585: .\".Pp
586: .\".Bl -tag -width Tx -compact
587: .\".It Cm display Op Ar drives
588: .\"Display information about the drives indicated.
589: .\"Multiple drives may be specified, separated by spaces.
590: .\".It Cm ignore Op Ar drives
591: .\"Do not display information about the drives indicated.
592: .\"Multiple drives may be specified, separated by spaces.
593: .\".El
1.1 deraadt 594: .Sh FILES
1.99 schwarze 595: .Bl -tag -width "/etc/servicesXXX" -compact
1.1 deraadt 596: .It Pa /etc/hosts
1.73 jmc 597: Host names.
1.62 matthieu 598: .It Pa /etc/pf.conf
1.73 jmc 599: .Xr pf 4
600: configuration.
1.1 deraadt 601: .It Pa /etc/services
1.73 jmc 602: Port names.
1.1 deraadt 603: .El
1.15 aaron 604: .Sh SEE ALSO
1.85 jmc 605: .Xr fstat 1 ,
1.15 aaron 606: .Xr kill 1 ,
1.37 jmc 607: .Xr netstat 1 ,
1.79 jasper 608: .Xr nfsstat 1 ,
1.15 aaron 609: .Xr ps 1 ,
610: .Xr top 1 ,
1.37 jmc 611: .Xr iostat 8 ,
1.62 matthieu 612: .Xr pfctl 8 ,
1.37 jmc 613: .Xr pstat 8 ,
614: .Xr renice 8 ,
1.48 deanna 615: .Xr sysctl 8 ,
1.37 jmc 616: .Xr vmstat 8
1.1 deraadt 617: .Sh HISTORY
618: The
1.13 aaron 619: .Nm
1.73 jmc 620: program first appeared in
1.1 deraadt 621: .Bx 4.3 .
622: .Sh BUGS
623: Certain displays presume a minimum of 80 characters per line.
624: The
625: .Ic vmstat
626: display looks out of place because it is (it was added in as
627: a separate display rather than created as a new program).