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Annotation of src/usr.bin/systat/systat.1, Revision 1.73

1.73    ! jmc         1: .\"    $OpenBSD: systat.1,v 1.72 2008/11/08 15:46:49 jmc Exp $
1.2       deraadt     2: .\"    $NetBSD: systat.1,v 1.6 1996/05/10 23:16:39 thorpej Exp $
1.1       deraadt     3: .\"
                      4: .\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1990, 1993
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1.1       deraadt    16: .\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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                     31: .\"    @(#)systat.1    8.2 (Berkeley) 12/30/93
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1.72      jmc        33: .Dd $Mdocdate: November 8 2008 $
1.1       deraadt    34: .Dt SYSTAT 1
1.12      aaron      35: .Os
1.1       deraadt    36: .Sh NAME
                     37: .Nm systat
1.41      jmc        38: .Nd display system statistics
1.1       deraadt    39: .Sh SYNOPSIS
                     40: .Nm systat
1.62      matthieu   41: .Op Fl abin
                     42: .Op Fl d Ar count
                     43: .Op Fl s Ar delay
                     44: .Op Fl w Ar width
                     45: .Op Ar view
                     46: .Op Ar delay
1.1       deraadt    47: .Sh DESCRIPTION
1.13      aaron      48: .Nm
1.73    ! jmc        49: displays various system statistics in a screen-oriented fashion
        !            50: using the
        !            51: .Xr curses 3
        !            52: screen display library.
1.1       deraadt    53: .Pp
                     54: While
1.13      aaron      55: .Nm
1.73    ! jmc        56: is running, the screen is divided into differing areas.
        !            57: The top line depicts the current system load average.
        !            58: The bottom line of the screen is reserved for
        !            59: user input and error messages.
        !            60: The information displayed in the rest of the screen
        !            61: comprises a
        !            62: .Em view ,
        !            63: and is the main interface for
        !            64: displaying differing types of system statistics.
        !            65: The
        !            66: .Ic vmstat
        !            67: view is the default.
1.1       deraadt    68: .Pp
                     69: Input is interpreted at two different levels.
1.13      aaron      70: A
                     71: .Dq global
                     72: command interpreter processes all keyboard input.
1.1       deraadt    73: If this command interpreter fails to recognize a command, the
1.16      aaron      74: input line is passed to a per-display command interpreter.
                     75: This allows each display to have certain display-specific commands.
1.1       deraadt    76: .Pp
1.16      aaron      77: The options are as follows:
1.62      matthieu   78: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.64      jmc        79: .It Fl a
1.62      matthieu   80: Display all lines.
                     81: .It Fl b
1.64      jmc        82: Raw, non interactive mode.
1.62      matthieu   83: .It Fl d Ar count
                     84: Exit after
                     85: .Ar count
                     86: screen updates.
                     87: .It Fl i
                     88: Interactive mode.
1.34      itojun     89: .It Fl n
1.73    ! jmc        90: Do not try to reverse map IP addresses.
1.62      matthieu   91: .It Fl s Ar delay
1.31      jmc        92: Specifies the screen refresh time interval in seconds.
1.62      matthieu   93: This option is overridden by the final
1.64      jmc        94: .Ar delay
1.73    ! jmc        95: argument, if given.
1.31      jmc        96: The default interval is 5 seconds.
1.62      matthieu   97: .It Fl w Ar width
1.63      sobrado    98: Specifies the maximum width of the display.
1.62      matthieu   99: .\" XXX not sure for the above.
                    100: .It Ar view
1.1       deraadt   101: The
1.62      matthieu  102: .Ar view
1.2       deraadt   103: argument expects to be one of:
1.62      matthieu  104: .Ic vmstat ,
1.1       deraadt   105: .Ic pigs ,
1.62      matthieu  106: .Ic ifstat ,
1.1       deraadt   107: .Ic iostat ,
1.49      deraadt   108: .Ic sensors ,
1.1       deraadt   109: .Ic mbufs ,
1.62      matthieu  110: .Ic netstat ,
                    111: .Ic swap ,
                    112: .Ic states ,
                    113: .Ic rules ,
1.68      canacar   114: .Ic queues ,
1.71      canacar   115: .Ic pf ,
                    116: .Ic pool ,
                    117: .Ic malloc ,
1.1       deraadt   118: or
1.71      canacar   119: .Ic buckets .
1.2       deraadt   120: These displays can also be requested interactively and are described in
1.1       deraadt   121: full detail below.
1.62      matthieu  122: .Ar view
1.53      jmc       123: may be abbreviated to the minimum unambiguous prefix;
                    124: for example,
1.50      jmc       125: .Dq io
                    126: for
                    127: .Dq iostat .
1.62      matthieu  128: .It Ar delay
1.1       deraadt   129: The
1.62      matthieu  130: .Ar delay
1.73    ! jmc       131: argument specifies the screen refresh time interval in seconds.
        !           132: This is provided for backwards compatibility, and overrides any
1.31      jmc       133: interval specified with the
1.73    ! jmc       134: .Fl s
1.2       deraadt   135: flag.
1.31      jmc       136: The default interval is 5 seconds.
1.1       deraadt   137: .El
                    138: .Pp
                    139: Certain characters cause immediate action by
1.61      jmc       140: .Nm .
1.63      sobrado   141: These are:
1.1       deraadt   142: .Bl -tag -width Fl
                    143: .It Ic \&:
                    144: Move the cursor to the command line and interpret the input
1.16      aaron     145: line typed as a command.
                    146: While entering a command the
1.1       deraadt   147: current character erase, word erase, and line kill characters
                    148: may be used.
1.69      canacar   149: .It Ic o
                    150: Select the next ordering which sorts the rows according to a
1.70      jmc       151: combination of columns.
                    152: Available orderings depend on the view.
                    153: Not all views support orderings.
1.66      canacar   154: .It Ic p
                    155: Pause
                    156: .Nm .
1.59      jmc       157: .It Ic q
1.73    ! jmc       158: Quit
1.66      canacar   159: .Nm .
1.69      canacar   160: .It Ic r
                    161: Reverse the selected ordering if supported by the view.
1.66      canacar   162: .It Ic ^A \*(Ba Aq Ic Home
                    163: Jump to the beginning of the current view.
                    164: .It Ic ^B \*(Ba Aq Ic right arrow
                    165: Select previous view.
                    166: .It Ic ^E \*(Ba Aq Ic End
                    167: Jump to the end of the current view.
                    168: .It Ic ^F \*(Ba Aq Ic left arrow
                    169: Select the next view.
                    170: .It Ic ^G
                    171: Print the name of the current
1.73    ! jmc       172: view being shown and the refresh interval.
1.66      canacar   173: .It Ic ^L
                    174: Refresh the screen.
                    175: .It Ic ^N \*(Ba Aq Ic down arrow
                    176: Scroll current view down by one line.
                    177: .It Ic ^P \*(Ba Aq Ic up arrow
                    178: Scroll current view up by one line.
                    179: .It Ic ^V \*(Ba Aq Ic Page Down
                    180: Scroll current view down by one page.
                    181: .It Ic Alt-V \*(Ba Aq Ic Page Up
                    182: Scroll current view up by one page.
                    183: .It Ic ^Z
                    184: Suspend
1.59      jmc       185: .Nm .
1.1       deraadt   186: .El
                    187: .Pp
1.13      aaron     188: The following commands are interpreted by the
                    189: .Dq global
1.1       deraadt   190: command interpreter.
                    191: .Bl -tag -width Fl
                    192: .It Ic help
1.73    ! jmc       193: Print the names of the available views on the command line.
1.1       deraadt   194: .It Ic load
                    195: Print the load average over the past 1, 5, and 15 minutes
                    196: on the command line.
1.52      jmc       197: .It Ic quit
1.73    ! jmc       198: Quit
1.61      jmc       199: .Nm .
1.52      jmc       200: (This may be abbreviated to
                    201: .Ic q . )
1.1       deraadt   202: .It Ic stop
                    203: Stop refreshing the screen.
                    204: .It Xo
                    205: .Op Ic start
                    206: .Op Ar number
                    207: .Xc
1.16      aaron     208: Start (continue) refreshing the screen.
                    209: If a second, numeric,
1.1       deraadt   210: argument is provided it is interpreted as a refresh interval
                    211: (in seconds).
                    212: Supplying only a number will set the refresh interval to this
                    213: value.
                    214: .El
                    215: .Pp
1.73    ! jmc       216: .Ar view
1.53      jmc       217: may be abbreviated to the minimum unambiguous prefix.
1.73    ! jmc       218: The available views are:
1.52      jmc       219: .Bl -tag -width "netstatXXX"
1.71      canacar   220: .It Ic buckets
                    221: Display kernel
                    222: .Xr malloc 9
                    223: bucket statistics similar to the output of
                    224: .Cm vmstat Fl m .
1.52      jmc       225: .It Ic ifstat
1.73    ! jmc       226: Display interface statistics.
1.52      jmc       227: The
                    228: .Dq State
                    229: column has the format
                    230: .Sm off
                    231: .Xo
                    232: .Cm up \*(Ba dn
                    233: .Bq : Cm U \*(Ba D .
                    234: .Xc
                    235: .Sm on
                    236: .Sq up
                    237: and
                    238: .Sq dn
                    239: represent whether the interface is up or down.
                    240: .Sq U
                    241: and
                    242: .Sq D
                    243: represent whether the interface is connected or not;
                    244: in the case of
                    245: .Xr carp 4
                    246: interfaces, whether the interface is in master or backup state, respectively.
                    247: See below for more options.
                    248: .It Ic iostat
1.73    ! jmc       249: Display statistics about disk throughput.
1.52      jmc       250: Statistics
                    251: on disk throughput show, for each drive, data transferred in kilobytes,
                    252: number of disk transactions performed, and time spent in disk accesses
1.56      otto      253: (in fractions of a second).
1.71      canacar   254: .It Ic malloc
                    255: Display kernel
                    256: .Xr malloc 9
                    257: type statistics similar to the output of
                    258: .Cm vmstat Fl m .
                    259: Available orderings are:
                    260: .Ic name ,
                    261: .Ic inuse ,
                    262: .Ic memuse ,
                    263: and
                    264: .Ic requests .
1.72      jmc       265: .It Ic mbufs
1.73    ! jmc       266: Display the number of mbufs allocated
        !           267: for particular uses,
        !           268: such as data and socket structures.
1.52      jmc       269: .It Ic netstat
1.73    ! jmc       270: Display network connections.
1.52      jmc       271: By default, network servers awaiting requests are not displayed.
                    272: Each address
                    273: is displayed in the format
                    274: .Dq host.port ,
                    275: with each shown symbolically, when possible.
                    276: It is possible to have addresses displayed numerically,
                    277: limit the display to a set of ports, hosts, and/or protocols
                    278: (the minimum unambiguous prefix may be supplied):
                    279: .Bl -tag -width Ar
                    280: .It Cm all
                    281: Toggle the displaying of server processes awaiting requests (this
                    282: is the equivalent of the
                    283: .Fl a
                    284: flag to
                    285: .Xr netstat 1 ) .
                    286: .It Cm display Op Ar items
                    287: Display information about the connections associated with the
                    288: specified hosts or ports.
                    289: As for
                    290: .Ar ignore ,
                    291: .Ar items
                    292: may be names or numbers.
                    293: .It Cm ignore Op Ar items
                    294: Do not display information about connections associated with
                    295: the specified hosts or ports.
                    296: Hosts and ports may be specified
                    297: by name
                    298: .Pf ( Dq vangogh ,
                    299: .Dq ftp ) ,
                    300: or numerically.
                    301: Host addresses
                    302: use the Internet dot notation
                    303: .Pq Dq 128.32.0.9 .
                    304: Multiple items
                    305: may be specified with a single command by separating them with
                    306: spaces.
                    307: .It Cm names
                    308: Display network addresses symbolically.
                    309: .It Cm numbers
                    310: Display network addresses numerically.
                    311: .It Cm reset
                    312: Reset the port, host, and protocol matching mechanisms to the default
                    313: (any protocol, port, or host).
1.63      sobrado   314: .It Cm show Oo
                    315: .Ar protocols \*(Ba ports \*(Ba hosts
                    316: .Oc
1.52      jmc       317: Show, on the command line, the currently selected protocols,
                    318: hosts, and ports.
1.55      moritz    319: Protocols, hosts and ports which are being ignored are prefixed with a
1.52      jmc       320: .Ql \&! .
1.55      moritz    321: If an argument is supplied to
1.52      jmc       322: .Cm show ,
                    323: then only the requested information will be displayed.
1.55      moritz    324: .It Cm tcp \*(Ba udp \*(Ba all
                    325: Display only network connections using the indicated protocol.
1.52      jmc       326: .El
1.62      matthieu  327: .It Ic pf
1.64      jmc       328: Display filter information about
1.62      matthieu  329: .Xr pf 4 ,
                    330: similar to the output of
1.64      jmc       331: .Cm pfctl Fl s Cm info
1.62      matthieu  332: option.
1.1       deraadt   333: .It Ic pigs
1.73    ! jmc       334: Display those processes resident in main
1.1       deraadt   335: memory and getting the
1.73    ! jmc       336: largest portion of the processor.
1.1       deraadt   337: When less than 100% of the
                    338: processor is scheduled to user processes, the remaining time
1.13      aaron     339: is accounted to the
                    340: .Dq idle
                    341: process.
1.68      canacar   342: .It Ic pool
                    343: Display kernel
                    344: .Xr pool 9
                    345: statistics similar to the output of
                    346: .Cm vmstat Fl m .
1.69      canacar   347: Available orderings are:
                    348: .Ic name
                    349: and
                    350: .Ic requests .
1.62      matthieu  351: .It Ic queues
1.64      jmc       352: Display statistics about the active
                    353: .Xr altq 9
                    354: queues, similar to the output of
1.62      matthieu  355: .Cm pfctl Fl s Cm queue .
                    356: .It Ic rules
1.64      jmc       357: Display pf rules statistics, similar to the output of
1.62      matthieu  358: .Cm pfctl Fl s Cm rules .
1.52      jmc       359: .It Ic sensors
1.73    ! jmc       360: Display the current values of available hardware sensors,
1.52      jmc       361: in a format similar to that of
                    362: .Xr sysctl 8 .
1.62      matthieu  363: .It Ic states
1.64      jmc       364: Display pf states statistics, similar to the output of
1.62      matthieu  365: .Cm pfctl Fl s Cm states .
1.69      canacar   366: Available orderings are:
                    367: .Ic none ,
                    368: .Ic bytes ,
                    369: .Ic expiry ,
                    370: .Ic packets ,
                    371: .Ic age ,
                    372: .Ic source address ,
                    373: .Ic source port ,
                    374: .Ic destination address ,
                    375: .Ic destination port ,
                    376: .Ic rate ,
                    377: and
                    378: .Ic peak
                    379: columns.
1.1       deraadt   380: .It Ic swap
1.12      aaron     381: Show information about swap space usage on all the
1.1       deraadt   382: swap areas compiled into the kernel.
                    383: The first column is the device name of the partition.
                    384: The next column is the total space available in the partition.
1.12      aaron     385: The
1.1       deraadt   386: .Ar Used
                    387: column indicates the total blocks used so far;
                    388: the graph shows the percentage of space in use on each partition.
1.8       aaron     389: If there is more than one swap partition in use,
1.1       deraadt   390: a total line is also shown.
1.8       aaron     391: Areas known to the kernel but not in use are shown as not available.
1.1       deraadt   392: .It Ic vmstat
                    393: Take over the entire display and show a (rather crowded) compendium
                    394: of statistics related to virtual memory usage, process scheduling,
1.60      jmc       395: device interrupts, system name translation caching, disk I/O etc.
1.73    ! jmc       396: This view is the default.
1.1       deraadt   397: .Pp
                    398: The upper left quadrant of the screen shows the number
1.8       aaron     399: of users logged in and the load average over the last 1, 5,
                    400: and 15 minute intervals.
1.1       deraadt   401: Below this line are statistics on memory utilization.
                    402: The first row of the table reports memory usage only among
1.8       aaron     403: active processes, that is, processes that have run in the previous
1.1       deraadt   404: twenty seconds.
                    405: The second row reports on memory usage of all processes.
1.47      millert   406: The first column reports on the amount of physical memory
1.1       deraadt   407: claimed by processes.
1.29      jmc       408: The second column reports the same figure for
1.47      millert   409: virtual memory, that is, the amount of memory that would be
                    410: needed if all processes were resident at the same time.
                    411: Finally, the last column shows the amount of physical memory
1.1       deraadt   412: on the free list.
                    413: .Pp
1.5       flipk     414: Below the memory display is a list of the average number of processes
1.13      aaron     415: (over the last refresh interval) that are runnable
                    416: .Pq Sq r ,
                    417: in disk wait other than paging
                    418: .Pq Sq d ,
                    419: sleeping
                    420: .Pq Sq s ,
                    421: and swapped out but desiring to run
                    422: .Pq Sq w .
1.1       deraadt   423: Below the queue length listing is a numerical listing and
                    424: a bar graph showing the amount of
1.40      dlg       425: interrupt (shown as
1.63      sobrado   426: .Ql \*(Ba ) ,
1.16      aaron     427: system (shown as
                    428: .Ql = ) ,
                    429: user (shown as
1.43      jmc       430: .Ql \*(Gt ) ,
1.16      aaron     431: nice (shown as
                    432: .Ql - ) ,
                    433: and idle time (shown as
1.29      jmc       434: .Ql \ \& ) .
1.1       deraadt   435: .Pp
1.12      aaron     436: To the right of the Proc display are statistics about
1.16      aaron     437: Context switches
                    438: .Pq Dq Csw ,
                    439: Traps
                    440: .Pq Dq Trp ,
                    441: Syscalls
                    442: .Pq Dq Sys ,
                    443: Interrupts
                    444: .Pq Dq Int ,
                    445: Soft interrupts
                    446: .Pq Dq Sof ,
                    447: and Faults
                    448: .Pq Dq Flt
1.7       deraadt   449: which have occurred during the last refresh interval.
1.5       flipk     450: .Pp
                    451: Below the CPU Usage graph are statistics on name translations.
1.1       deraadt   452: It lists the number of names translated in the previous interval,
                    453: the number and percentage of the translations that were
                    454: handled by the system wide name translation cache, and
                    455: the number and percentage of the translations that were
                    456: handled by the per process name translation cache.
                    457: .Pp
1.5       flipk     458: At the bottom left is the disk usage display.
                    459: It reports the number of seeks, transfers, number
                    460: of kilobyte blocks transferred per second averaged over the
                    461: refresh period of the display (by default, five seconds), and
                    462: the time spent in disk accesses.
                    463: .Pp
1.1       deraadt   464: Under the date in the upper right hand quadrant are statistics
                    465: on paging and swapping activity.
                    466: The first two columns report the average number of pages
                    467: brought in and out per second over the last refresh interval
                    468: due to page faults and the paging daemon.
                    469: The third and fourth columns report the average number of pages
                    470: brought in and out per second over the last refresh interval
                    471: due to swap requests initiated by the scheduler.
                    472: The first row of the display shows the average
1.8       aaron     473: number of disk transfers per second over the last refresh interval.
                    474: The second row of the display shows the average
1.1       deraadt   475: number of pages transferred per second over the last refresh interval.
                    476: .Pp
                    477: Running down the right hand side of the display is a breakdown
                    478: of the interrupts being handled by the system.
                    479: At the top of the list is the total interrupts per second
                    480: over the time interval.
                    481: The rest of the column breaks down the total on a device
                    482: by device basis.
                    483: Only devices that have interrupted at least once since boot time are shown.
1.5       flipk     484: .Pp
                    485: Below the SWAPPING display and slightly to the left of the Interrupts
1.18      aaron     486: display is a list of virtual memory statistics.
                    487: The abbreviations are:
1.36      jmc       488: .Pp
1.38      niallo    489: .Bl -tag -compact -width "kmapentXX" -offset indent
1.21      deraadt   490: .It forks
                    491: process forks
                    492: .It fkppw
                    493: forks where parent waits
                    494: .It fksvm
                    495: forks where vmspace is shared
                    496: .It pwait
                    497: fault had to wait on a page
                    498: .It relck
                    499: fault relock called
                    500: .It rlkok
                    501: fault relock is successful
                    502: .It noram
                    503: faults out of ram
                    504: .It ndcpy
                    505: number of times fault clears "need copy"
                    506: .It fltcp
                    507: number of times fault promotes with copy
                    508: .It zfod
                    509: fault promotes with zerofill
1.5       flipk     510: .It cow
1.21      deraadt   511: number of times fault anon cow
                    512: .It fmin
                    513: min number of free pages
                    514: .It ftarg
                    515: target number of free pages
                    516: .It itarg
                    517: target number of inactive pages
                    518: .It wired
                    519: wired pages
1.25      deraadt   520: .It pdfre
1.21      deraadt   521: pages daemon freed since boot
                    522: .It pdscn
                    523: pages daemon scanned since boot
1.38      niallo    524: .It pzidle
                    525: number of zeroed pages
                    526: .It kmapent
                    527: number of kernel map entries
1.5       flipk     528: .El
                    529: .Pp
1.13      aaron     530: The
                    531: .Ql %zfod
                    532: value is more interesting when observed over a long
1.5       flipk     533: period, such as from boot time (see the
                    534: .Cm boot
                    535: option below).
1.35      markus    536: .El
                    537: .Pp
                    538: The following commands are specific to the
                    539: .Ic vmstat
                    540: and
                    541: .Ic ifstat
1.73    ! jmc       542: views; the minimum unambiguous prefix may be supplied.
1.35      markus    543: .Pp
                    544: .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
                    545: .It Cm boot
                    546: Display cumulative statistics since the system was booted.
                    547: .It Cm run
                    548: Display statistics as a running total from the point this
                    549: command is given.
                    550: .It Cm time
                    551: Display statistics averaged over the refresh interval (the default).
                    552: .It Cm zero
                    553: Reset running statistics to zero.
1.1       deraadt   554: .El
                    555: .Pp
                    556: Certain information may be discarded when the screen size is
1.16      aaron     557: insufficient for display.
                    558: For example, on a machine with 10 drives the
1.1       deraadt   559: .Ic iostat
1.16      aaron     560: bar graph displays only 3 drives on a 24 line terminal.
                    561: When a bar graph would overflow the allotted screen space it is
                    562: truncated and the actual value is printed
                    563: .Dq over top
                    564: of the bar.
1.1       deraadt   565: .Pp
1.73    ! jmc       566: The following commands are common to each view which shows
1.16      aaron     567: information about disk drives.
1.73    ! jmc       568: These commands are used to select a set of drives to report on,
        !           569: should a system have more drives configured
        !           570: than can normally be displayed on the screen.
1.1       deraadt   571: .Pp
                    572: .Bl -tag -width Tx -compact
1.54      jmc       573: .It Cm display Op Ar drives
                    574: Display information about the drives indicated.
                    575: Multiple drives may be specified, separated by spaces.
1.1       deraadt   576: .It Cm ignore Op Ar drives
1.16      aaron     577: Do not display information about the drives indicated.
                    578: Multiple drives may be specified, separated by spaces.
1.1       deraadt   579: .El
                    580: .Sh FILES
1.73    ! jmc       581: .Bl -tag -width "/etc/networksXXX" -compact
1.1       deraadt   582: .It Pa /etc/hosts
1.73    ! jmc       583: Host names.
1.1       deraadt   584: .It Pa /etc/networks
1.73    ! jmc       585: Network names.
1.62      matthieu  586: .It Pa /etc/pf.conf
1.73    ! jmc       587: .Xr pf 4
        !           588: configuration.
1.1       deraadt   589: .It Pa /etc/services
1.73    ! jmc       590: Port names.
1.1       deraadt   591: .El
1.15      aaron     592: .Sh SEE ALSO
1.37      jmc       593: .Xt fstat 1 ,
1.15      aaron     594: .Xr kill 1 ,
1.37      jmc       595: .Xr netstat 1 ,
1.15      aaron     596: .Xr ps 1 ,
                    597: .Xr top 1 ,
1.37      jmc       598: .Xr iostat 8 ,
1.62      matthieu  599: .Xr pfctl 8 ,
1.37      jmc       600: .Xr pstat 8 ,
                    601: .Xr renice 8 ,
1.48      deanna    602: .Xr sysctl 8 ,
1.37      jmc       603: .Xr vmstat 8
1.1       deraadt   604: .Sh HISTORY
                    605: The
1.13      aaron     606: .Nm
1.73    ! jmc       607: program first appeared in
1.1       deraadt   608: .Bx 4.3 .
                    609: .Sh BUGS
                    610: Certain displays presume a minimum of 80 characters per line.
                    611: The
                    612: .Ic vmstat
                    613: display looks out of place because it is (it was added in as
                    614: a separate display rather than created as a new program).