Annotation of src/usr.bin/systat/systat.1, Revision 1.76
1.76 ! jmc 1: .\" $OpenBSD: systat.1,v 1.75 2008/12/07 07:46:05 canacar Exp $
1.2 deraadt 2: .\" $NetBSD: systat.1,v 1.6 1996/05/10 23:16:39 thorpej Exp $
1.1 deraadt 3: .\"
4: .\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1990, 1993
5: .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
6: .\"
7: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8: .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9: .\" are met:
10: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11: .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12: .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13: .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14: .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
1.28 millert 15: .\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
1.1 deraadt 16: .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17: .\" without specific prior written permission.
18: .\"
19: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20: .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21: .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22: .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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31: .\" @(#)systat.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/30/93
32: .\"
1.76 ! jmc 33: .Dd $Mdocdate: December 7 2008 $
1.1 deraadt 34: .Dt SYSTAT 1
1.12 aaron 35: .Os
1.1 deraadt 36: .Sh NAME
37: .Nm systat
1.41 jmc 38: .Nd display system statistics
1.1 deraadt 39: .Sh SYNOPSIS
40: .Nm systat
1.62 matthieu 41: .Op Fl abin
42: .Op Fl d Ar count
43: .Op Fl s Ar delay
44: .Op Fl w Ar width
45: .Op Ar view
46: .Op Ar delay
1.1 deraadt 47: .Sh DESCRIPTION
1.13 aaron 48: .Nm
1.73 jmc 49: displays various system statistics in a screen-oriented fashion
50: using the
51: .Xr curses 3
52: screen display library.
1.1 deraadt 53: .Pp
54: While
1.13 aaron 55: .Nm
1.73 jmc 56: is running, the screen is divided into differing areas.
57: The top line depicts the current system load average.
58: The bottom line of the screen is reserved for
59: user input and error messages.
60: The information displayed in the rest of the screen
61: comprises a
62: .Em view ,
63: and is the main interface for
1.76 ! jmc 64: displaying different types of system statistics.
1.73 jmc 65: The
66: .Ic vmstat
67: view is the default.
1.76 ! jmc 68: .\".Pp
! 69: .\"Input is interpreted at two different levels.
! 70: .\"A
! 71: .\".Dq global
! 72: .\"command interpreter processes all keyboard input.
! 73: .\"If this command interpreter fails to recognize a command, the
! 74: .\"input line is passed to a per-display command interpreter.
! 75: .\"This allows each display to have certain display-specific commands.
1.1 deraadt 76: .Pp
1.16 aaron 77: The options are as follows:
1.62 matthieu 78: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.64 jmc 79: .It Fl a
1.62 matthieu 80: Display all lines.
81: .It Fl b
1.64 jmc 82: Raw, non interactive mode.
1.62 matthieu 83: .It Fl d Ar count
84: Exit after
85: .Ar count
86: screen updates.
87: .It Fl i
88: Interactive mode.
1.34 itojun 89: .It Fl n
1.73 jmc 90: Do not try to reverse map IP addresses.
1.62 matthieu 91: .It Fl s Ar delay
1.31 jmc 92: Specifies the screen refresh time interval in seconds.
1.62 matthieu 93: This option is overridden by the final
1.64 jmc 94: .Ar delay
1.73 jmc 95: argument, if given.
1.31 jmc 96: The default interval is 5 seconds.
1.62 matthieu 97: .It Fl w Ar width
1.63 sobrado 98: Specifies the maximum width of the display.
1.62 matthieu 99: .\" XXX not sure for the above.
100: .It Ar view
1.1 deraadt 101: The
1.62 matthieu 102: .Ar view
1.2 deraadt 103: argument expects to be one of:
1.62 matthieu 104: .Ic vmstat ,
1.1 deraadt 105: .Ic pigs ,
1.62 matthieu 106: .Ic ifstat ,
1.1 deraadt 107: .Ic iostat ,
1.49 deraadt 108: .Ic sensors ,
1.1 deraadt 109: .Ic mbufs ,
1.62 matthieu 110: .Ic netstat ,
111: .Ic swap ,
112: .Ic states ,
113: .Ic rules ,
1.68 canacar 114: .Ic queues ,
1.71 canacar 115: .Ic pf ,
116: .Ic pool ,
117: .Ic malloc ,
1.1 deraadt 118: or
1.71 canacar 119: .Ic buckets .
1.2 deraadt 120: These displays can also be requested interactively and are described in
1.1 deraadt 121: full detail below.
1.62 matthieu 122: .Ar view
1.53 jmc 123: may be abbreviated to the minimum unambiguous prefix;
124: for example,
1.50 jmc 125: .Dq io
126: for
127: .Dq iostat .
1.62 matthieu 128: .It Ar delay
1.1 deraadt 129: The
1.62 matthieu 130: .Ar delay
1.73 jmc 131: argument specifies the screen refresh time interval in seconds.
132: This is provided for backwards compatibility, and overrides any
1.31 jmc 133: interval specified with the
1.73 jmc 134: .Fl s
1.2 deraadt 135: flag.
1.31 jmc 136: The default interval is 5 seconds.
1.1 deraadt 137: .El
138: .Pp
139: Certain characters cause immediate action by
1.61 jmc 140: .Nm .
1.63 sobrado 141: These are:
1.1 deraadt 142: .Bl -tag -width Fl
143: .It Ic \&:
144: Move the cursor to the command line and interpret the input
1.16 aaron 145: line typed as a command.
146: While entering a command the
1.1 deraadt 147: current character erase, word erase, and line kill characters
148: may be used.
1.69 canacar 149: .It Ic o
150: Select the next ordering which sorts the rows according to a
1.70 jmc 151: combination of columns.
152: Available orderings depend on the view.
153: Not all views support orderings.
1.66 canacar 154: .It Ic p
155: Pause
156: .Nm .
1.59 jmc 157: .It Ic q
1.73 jmc 158: Quit
1.66 canacar 159: .Nm .
1.69 canacar 160: .It Ic r
161: Reverse the selected ordering if supported by the view.
1.66 canacar 162: .It Ic ^A \*(Ba Aq Ic Home
163: Jump to the beginning of the current view.
164: .It Ic ^B \*(Ba Aq Ic right arrow
165: Select previous view.
166: .It Ic ^E \*(Ba Aq Ic End
167: Jump to the end of the current view.
168: .It Ic ^F \*(Ba Aq Ic left arrow
169: Select the next view.
170: .It Ic ^G
171: Print the name of the current
1.73 jmc 172: view being shown and the refresh interval.
1.66 canacar 173: .It Ic ^L
174: Refresh the screen.
175: .It Ic ^N \*(Ba Aq Ic down arrow
176: Scroll current view down by one line.
177: .It Ic ^P \*(Ba Aq Ic up arrow
178: Scroll current view up by one line.
179: .It Ic ^V \*(Ba Aq Ic Page Down
180: Scroll current view down by one page.
181: .It Ic Alt-V \*(Ba Aq Ic Page Up
182: Scroll current view up by one page.
183: .It Ic ^Z
184: Suspend
1.59 jmc 185: .Nm .
1.1 deraadt 186: .El
187: .Pp
1.13 aaron 188: The following commands are interpreted by the
189: .Dq global
1.1 deraadt 190: command interpreter.
191: .Bl -tag -width Fl
192: .It Ic help
1.73 jmc 193: Print the names of the available views on the command line.
1.52 jmc 194: .It Ic quit
1.73 jmc 195: Quit
1.61 jmc 196: .Nm .
1.52 jmc 197: (This may be abbreviated to
198: .Ic q . )
1.1 deraadt 199: .It Ic stop
200: Stop refreshing the screen.
201: .It Xo
202: .Op Ic start
203: .Op Ar number
204: .Xc
1.16 aaron 205: Start (continue) refreshing the screen.
206: If a second, numeric,
1.1 deraadt 207: argument is provided it is interpreted as a refresh interval
208: (in seconds).
209: Supplying only a number will set the refresh interval to this
210: value.
211: .El
212: .Pp
1.73 jmc 213: .Ar view
1.53 jmc 214: may be abbreviated to the minimum unambiguous prefix.
1.73 jmc 215: The available views are:
1.52 jmc 216: .Bl -tag -width "netstatXXX"
1.71 canacar 217: .It Ic buckets
218: Display kernel
219: .Xr malloc 9
220: bucket statistics similar to the output of
221: .Cm vmstat Fl m .
1.52 jmc 222: .It Ic ifstat
1.73 jmc 223: Display interface statistics.
1.52 jmc 224: The
225: .Dq State
226: column has the format
227: .Sm off
228: .Xo
229: .Cm up \*(Ba dn
230: .Bq : Cm U \*(Ba D .
231: .Xc
232: .Sm on
233: .Sq up
234: and
235: .Sq dn
236: represent whether the interface is up or down.
237: .Sq U
238: and
239: .Sq D
240: represent whether the interface is connected or not;
241: in the case of
242: .Xr carp 4
243: interfaces, whether the interface is in master or backup state, respectively.
1.76 ! jmc 244: .\"See below for more options.
1.52 jmc 245: .It Ic iostat
1.73 jmc 246: Display statistics about disk throughput.
1.52 jmc 247: Statistics
248: on disk throughput show, for each drive, data transferred in kilobytes,
249: number of disk transactions performed, and time spent in disk accesses
1.56 otto 250: (in fractions of a second).
1.71 canacar 251: .It Ic malloc
252: Display kernel
253: .Xr malloc 9
254: type statistics similar to the output of
255: .Cm vmstat Fl m .
256: Available orderings are:
257: .Ic name ,
258: .Ic inuse ,
259: .Ic memuse ,
260: and
261: .Ic requests .
1.72 jmc 262: .It Ic mbufs
1.73 jmc 263: Display the number of mbufs allocated
264: for particular uses,
265: such as data and socket structures.
1.52 jmc 266: .It Ic netstat
1.73 jmc 267: Display network connections.
1.52 jmc 268: By default, network servers awaiting requests are not displayed.
269: Each address
270: is displayed in the format
1.76 ! jmc 271: .Dq host:port ,
1.52 jmc 272: with each shown symbolically, when possible.
1.76 ! jmc 273: .\"It is possible to have addresses displayed numerically,
! 274: .\"limit the display to a set of ports, hosts, and/or protocols
! 275: .\"(the minimum unambiguous prefix may be supplied):
! 276: .\".Bl -tag -width Ar
! 277: .\".It Cm all
! 278: .\"Toggle the displaying of server processes awaiting requests (this
! 279: .\"is the equivalent of the
! 280: .\".Fl a
! 281: .\"flag to
! 282: .\".Xr netstat 1 ) .
! 283: .\".It Cm display Op Ar items
! 284: .\"Display information about the connections associated with the
! 285: .\"specified hosts or ports.
! 286: .\"As for
! 287: .\".Ar ignore ,
! 288: .\".Ar items
! 289: .\"may be names or numbers.
! 290: .\".It Cm ignore Op Ar items
! 291: .\"Do not display information about connections associated with
! 292: .\"the specified hosts or ports.
! 293: .\"Hosts and ports may be specified
! 294: .\"by name
! 295: .\".Pf ( Dq vangogh ,
! 296: .\".Dq ftp ) ,
! 297: .\"or numerically.
! 298: .\"Host addresses
! 299: .\"use the Internet dot notation
! 300: .\".Pq Dq 128.32.0.9 .
! 301: .\"Multiple items
! 302: .\"may be specified with a single command by separating them with
! 303: .\"spaces.
! 304: .\".It Cm names
! 305: .\"Display network addresses symbolically.
! 306: .\".It Cm numbers
! 307: .\"Display network addresses numerically.
! 308: .\".It Cm reset
! 309: .\"Reset the port, host, and protocol matching mechanisms to the default
! 310: .\"(any protocol, port, or host).
! 311: .\".It Cm show Oo
! 312: .\".Ar protocols \*(Ba ports \*(Ba hosts
! 313: .\".Oc
! 314: .\"Show, on the command line, the currently selected protocols,
! 315: .\"hosts, and ports.
! 316: .\"Protocols, hosts and ports which are being ignored are prefixed with a
! 317: .\".Ql \&! .
! 318: .\"If an argument is supplied to
! 319: .\".Cm show ,
! 320: .\"then only the requested information will be displayed.
! 321: .\".It Cm tcp \*(Ba udp \*(Ba all
! 322: .\"Display only network connections using the indicated protocol.
! 323: .\".El
1.62 matthieu 324: .It Ic pf
1.64 jmc 325: Display filter information about
1.62 matthieu 326: .Xr pf 4 ,
327: similar to the output of
1.64 jmc 328: .Cm pfctl Fl s Cm info
1.62 matthieu 329: option.
1.1 deraadt 330: .It Ic pigs
1.73 jmc 331: Display those processes resident in main
1.1 deraadt 332: memory and getting the
1.73 jmc 333: largest portion of the processor.
1.1 deraadt 334: When less than 100% of the
335: processor is scheduled to user processes, the remaining time
1.13 aaron 336: is accounted to the
337: .Dq idle
338: process.
1.68 canacar 339: .It Ic pool
340: Display kernel
341: .Xr pool 9
342: statistics similar to the output of
343: .Cm vmstat Fl m .
1.69 canacar 344: Available orderings are:
1.75 canacar 345: .Ic name ,
346: .Ic requests ,
1.76 ! jmc 347: .Ic size ,
1.69 canacar 348: and
1.75 canacar 349: .Ic number of pages .
1.62 matthieu 350: .It Ic queues
1.64 jmc 351: Display statistics about the active
352: .Xr altq 9
353: queues, similar to the output of
1.62 matthieu 354: .Cm pfctl Fl s Cm queue .
355: .It Ic rules
1.64 jmc 356: Display pf rules statistics, similar to the output of
1.62 matthieu 357: .Cm pfctl Fl s Cm rules .
1.52 jmc 358: .It Ic sensors
1.73 jmc 359: Display the current values of available hardware sensors,
1.52 jmc 360: in a format similar to that of
361: .Xr sysctl 8 .
1.62 matthieu 362: .It Ic states
1.64 jmc 363: Display pf states statistics, similar to the output of
1.62 matthieu 364: .Cm pfctl Fl s Cm states .
1.69 canacar 365: Available orderings are:
366: .Ic none ,
367: .Ic bytes ,
368: .Ic expiry ,
369: .Ic packets ,
370: .Ic age ,
371: .Ic source address ,
372: .Ic source port ,
373: .Ic destination address ,
374: .Ic destination port ,
375: .Ic rate ,
376: and
377: .Ic peak
378: columns.
1.1 deraadt 379: .It Ic swap
1.12 aaron 380: Show information about swap space usage on all the
1.1 deraadt 381: swap areas compiled into the kernel.
382: The first column is the device name of the partition.
383: The next column is the total space available in the partition.
1.12 aaron 384: The
1.1 deraadt 385: .Ar Used
386: column indicates the total blocks used so far;
387: the graph shows the percentage of space in use on each partition.
1.8 aaron 388: If there is more than one swap partition in use,
1.1 deraadt 389: a total line is also shown.
1.8 aaron 390: Areas known to the kernel but not in use are shown as not available.
1.1 deraadt 391: .It Ic vmstat
392: Take over the entire display and show a (rather crowded) compendium
393: of statistics related to virtual memory usage, process scheduling,
1.60 jmc 394: device interrupts, system name translation caching, disk I/O etc.
1.73 jmc 395: This view is the default.
1.1 deraadt 396: .Pp
397: The upper left quadrant of the screen shows the number
1.8 aaron 398: of users logged in and the load average over the last 1, 5,
399: and 15 minute intervals.
1.1 deraadt 400: Below this line are statistics on memory utilization.
401: The first row of the table reports memory usage only among
1.8 aaron 402: active processes, that is, processes that have run in the previous
1.1 deraadt 403: twenty seconds.
404: The second row reports on memory usage of all processes.
1.47 millert 405: The first column reports on the amount of physical memory
1.1 deraadt 406: claimed by processes.
1.29 jmc 407: The second column reports the same figure for
1.47 millert 408: virtual memory, that is, the amount of memory that would be
409: needed if all processes were resident at the same time.
410: Finally, the last column shows the amount of physical memory
1.1 deraadt 411: on the free list.
412: .Pp
1.5 flipk 413: Below the memory display is a list of the average number of processes
1.13 aaron 414: (over the last refresh interval) that are runnable
415: .Pq Sq r ,
416: in disk wait other than paging
417: .Pq Sq d ,
418: sleeping
419: .Pq Sq s ,
420: and swapped out but desiring to run
421: .Pq Sq w .
1.1 deraadt 422: Below the queue length listing is a numerical listing and
423: a bar graph showing the amount of
1.40 dlg 424: interrupt (shown as
1.63 sobrado 425: .Ql \*(Ba ) ,
1.16 aaron 426: system (shown as
427: .Ql = ) ,
428: user (shown as
1.43 jmc 429: .Ql \*(Gt ) ,
1.16 aaron 430: nice (shown as
431: .Ql - ) ,
432: and idle time (shown as
1.29 jmc 433: .Ql \ \& ) .
1.1 deraadt 434: .Pp
1.12 aaron 435: To the right of the Proc display are statistics about
1.16 aaron 436: Context switches
437: .Pq Dq Csw ,
438: Traps
439: .Pq Dq Trp ,
440: Syscalls
441: .Pq Dq Sys ,
442: Interrupts
443: .Pq Dq Int ,
444: Soft interrupts
445: .Pq Dq Sof ,
446: and Faults
447: .Pq Dq Flt
1.7 deraadt 448: which have occurred during the last refresh interval.
1.5 flipk 449: .Pp
450: Below the CPU Usage graph are statistics on name translations.
1.1 deraadt 451: It lists the number of names translated in the previous interval,
452: the number and percentage of the translations that were
453: handled by the system wide name translation cache, and
454: the number and percentage of the translations that were
455: handled by the per process name translation cache.
456: .Pp
1.5 flipk 457: At the bottom left is the disk usage display.
458: It reports the number of seeks, transfers, number
459: of kilobyte blocks transferred per second averaged over the
460: refresh period of the display (by default, five seconds), and
461: the time spent in disk accesses.
462: .Pp
1.1 deraadt 463: Under the date in the upper right hand quadrant are statistics
464: on paging and swapping activity.
465: The first two columns report the average number of pages
466: brought in and out per second over the last refresh interval
467: due to page faults and the paging daemon.
468: The third and fourth columns report the average number of pages
469: brought in and out per second over the last refresh interval
470: due to swap requests initiated by the scheduler.
471: The first row of the display shows the average
1.8 aaron 472: number of disk transfers per second over the last refresh interval.
473: The second row of the display shows the average
1.1 deraadt 474: number of pages transferred per second over the last refresh interval.
475: .Pp
476: Running down the right hand side of the display is a breakdown
477: of the interrupts being handled by the system.
478: At the top of the list is the total interrupts per second
479: over the time interval.
480: The rest of the column breaks down the total on a device
481: by device basis.
482: Only devices that have interrupted at least once since boot time are shown.
1.5 flipk 483: .Pp
484: Below the SWAPPING display and slightly to the left of the Interrupts
1.18 aaron 485: display is a list of virtual memory statistics.
486: The abbreviations are:
1.36 jmc 487: .Pp
1.38 niallo 488: .Bl -tag -compact -width "kmapentXX" -offset indent
1.21 deraadt 489: .It forks
490: process forks
491: .It fkppw
492: forks where parent waits
493: .It fksvm
494: forks where vmspace is shared
495: .It pwait
496: fault had to wait on a page
497: .It relck
498: fault relock called
499: .It rlkok
500: fault relock is successful
501: .It noram
502: faults out of ram
503: .It ndcpy
504: number of times fault clears "need copy"
505: .It fltcp
506: number of times fault promotes with copy
507: .It zfod
508: fault promotes with zerofill
1.5 flipk 509: .It cow
1.21 deraadt 510: number of times fault anon cow
511: .It fmin
512: min number of free pages
513: .It ftarg
514: target number of free pages
515: .It itarg
516: target number of inactive pages
517: .It wired
518: wired pages
1.25 deraadt 519: .It pdfre
1.21 deraadt 520: pages daemon freed since boot
521: .It pdscn
522: pages daemon scanned since boot
1.38 niallo 523: .It pzidle
524: number of zeroed pages
525: .It kmapent
526: number of kernel map entries
1.5 flipk 527: .El
528: .Pp
1.13 aaron 529: The
530: .Ql %zfod
531: value is more interesting when observed over a long
1.76 ! jmc 532: period, such as from boot time.
! 533: .\"(see the
! 534: .\".Cm boot
! 535: .\"option below).
1.35 markus 536: .El
1.74 jmc 537: .\".Pp
538: .\"The following commands are specific to the
539: .\".Ic vmstat
540: .\"and
541: .\".Ic ifstat
542: .\"views; the minimum unambiguous prefix may be supplied.
543: .\".Pp
544: .\".Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
545: .\".It Cm boot
546: .\"Display cumulative statistics since the system was booted.
547: .\".It Cm run
548: .\"Display statistics as a running total from the point this
549: .\"command is given.
550: .\".It Cm time
551: .\"Display statistics averaged over the refresh interval (the default).
552: .\".It Cm zero
553: .\"Reset running statistics to zero.
554: .\".El
1.1 deraadt 555: .Pp
556: Certain information may be discarded when the screen size is
1.16 aaron 557: insufficient for display.
558: For example, on a machine with 10 drives the
1.1 deraadt 559: .Ic iostat
1.16 aaron 560: bar graph displays only 3 drives on a 24 line terminal.
561: When a bar graph would overflow the allotted screen space it is
562: truncated and the actual value is printed
563: .Dq over top
564: of the bar.
1.74 jmc 565: .\".Pp
566: .\"The following commands are common to each view which shows
567: .\"information about disk drives.
568: .\"These commands are used to select a set of drives to report on,
569: .\"should a system have more drives configured
570: .\"than can normally be displayed on the screen.
571: .\".Pp
572: .\".Bl -tag -width Tx -compact
573: .\".It Cm display Op Ar drives
574: .\"Display information about the drives indicated.
575: .\"Multiple drives may be specified, separated by spaces.
576: .\".It Cm ignore Op Ar drives
577: .\"Do not display information about the drives indicated.
578: .\"Multiple drives may be specified, separated by spaces.
579: .\".El
1.1 deraadt 580: .Sh FILES
1.73 jmc 581: .Bl -tag -width "/etc/networksXXX" -compact
1.1 deraadt 582: .It Pa /etc/hosts
1.73 jmc 583: Host names.
1.1 deraadt 584: .It Pa /etc/networks
1.73 jmc 585: Network names.
1.62 matthieu 586: .It Pa /etc/pf.conf
1.73 jmc 587: .Xr pf 4
588: configuration.
1.1 deraadt 589: .It Pa /etc/services
1.73 jmc 590: Port names.
1.1 deraadt 591: .El
1.15 aaron 592: .Sh SEE ALSO
1.37 jmc 593: .Xt fstat 1 ,
1.15 aaron 594: .Xr kill 1 ,
1.37 jmc 595: .Xr netstat 1 ,
1.15 aaron 596: .Xr ps 1 ,
597: .Xr top 1 ,
1.37 jmc 598: .Xr iostat 8 ,
1.62 matthieu 599: .Xr pfctl 8 ,
1.37 jmc 600: .Xr pstat 8 ,
601: .Xr renice 8 ,
1.48 deanna 602: .Xr sysctl 8 ,
1.37 jmc 603: .Xr vmstat 8
1.1 deraadt 604: .Sh HISTORY
605: The
1.13 aaron 606: .Nm
1.73 jmc 607: program first appeared in
1.1 deraadt 608: .Bx 4.3 .
609: .Sh BUGS
610: Certain displays presume a minimum of 80 characters per line.
611: The
612: .Ic vmstat
613: display looks out of place because it is (it was added in as
614: a separate display rather than created as a new program).