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Replace the split parser code (cfg.c and cmd-string.c) with a single
parser using yacc(1). This is a major change but is clearer and simpler
and allows some edge cases to be made more consistent, as well as
tidying up how aliases are handled. It will also allow some further
improvements later.

Entirely the same parser is now used for parsing the configuration file
and for string commands. This means that constructs previously only
available in .tmux.conf, such as %if, can now be used in string commands
(for example, those given to if-shell - not commands invoked from the
shell, they are still parsed by the shell itself).

The only syntax change I am aware of is that #{} outside quotes or a
comment is now considered a format and not a comment, so #{ is now a
syntax error (notably, if it is at the start of a line).

This also adds two new sections to the man page documenting the syntax
and outlining how parsing and command execution works.

Thanks to everyone who sent me test configs (they still all parse
without errors - but this doesn't mean they still work as intended!).

Thanks to Avi Halachmi for testing and man page improvements, also to
jmc@ for reviewing the man page changes.

/* $OpenBSD: options.c,v 1.45 2019/05/23 11:13:30 nicm Exp $ */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2008 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF MIND, USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
 * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

#include <sys/types.h>

#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "tmux.h"

/*
 * Option handling; each option has a name, type and value and is stored in
 * a red-black tree.
 */

struct options_array_item {
	u_int				 index;
	union options_value		 value;
	RB_ENTRY(options_array_item)	 entry;
};
static int
options_array_cmp(struct options_array_item *a1, struct options_array_item *a2)
{
	if (a1->index < a2->index)
		return (-1);
	if (a1->index > a2->index)
		return (1);
	return (0);
}
RB_GENERATE_STATIC(options_array, options_array_item, entry, options_array_cmp);

struct options_entry {
	struct options				*owner;

	const char				*name;
	const struct options_table_entry	*tableentry;
	union options_value			 value;

	RB_ENTRY(options_entry)			 entry;
};

struct options {
	RB_HEAD(options_tree, options_entry)	 tree;
	struct options				*parent;
};

static struct options_entry	*options_add(struct options *, const char *);

#define OPTIONS_IS_STRING(o)						\
	((o)->tableentry == NULL ||					\
	    (o)->tableentry->type == OPTIONS_TABLE_STRING)
#define OPTIONS_IS_NUMBER(o) \
	((o)->tableentry != NULL &&					\
	    ((o)->tableentry->type == OPTIONS_TABLE_NUMBER ||		\
	    (o)->tableentry->type == OPTIONS_TABLE_KEY ||		\
	    (o)->tableentry->type == OPTIONS_TABLE_COLOUR ||		\
	    (o)->tableentry->type == OPTIONS_TABLE_FLAG ||		\
	    (o)->tableentry->type == OPTIONS_TABLE_CHOICE))
#define OPTIONS_IS_STYLE(o) \
	((o)->tableentry != NULL &&					\
	    (o)->tableentry->type == OPTIONS_TABLE_STYLE)
#define OPTIONS_IS_COMMAND(o) \
	((o)->tableentry != NULL &&					\
	    (o)->tableentry->type == OPTIONS_TABLE_COMMAND)

#define OPTIONS_IS_ARRAY(o)						\
	((o)->tableentry != NULL &&					\
	    ((o)->tableentry->flags & OPTIONS_TABLE_IS_ARRAY))

static int	options_cmp(struct options_entry *, struct options_entry *);
RB_GENERATE_STATIC(options_tree, options_entry, entry, options_cmp);

static int
options_cmp(struct options_entry *lhs, struct options_entry *rhs)
{
	return (strcmp(lhs->name, rhs->name));
}

static const struct options_table_entry *
options_parent_table_entry(struct options *oo, const char *s)
{
	struct options_entry	*o;

	if (oo->parent == NULL)
		fatalx("no parent options for %s", s);
	o = options_get_only(oo->parent, s);
	if (o == NULL)
		fatalx("%s not in parent options", s);
	return (o->tableentry);
}

static void
options_value_free(struct options_entry *o, union options_value *ov)
{
	if (OPTIONS_IS_STRING(o))
		free(ov->string);
	if (OPTIONS_IS_COMMAND(o) && ov->cmdlist != NULL)
		cmd_list_free(ov->cmdlist);
}

static char *
options_value_tostring(struct options_entry *o, union options_value *ov,
    int numeric)
{
	char	*s;

	if (OPTIONS_IS_COMMAND(o))
		return (cmd_list_print(ov->cmdlist));
	if (OPTIONS_IS_STYLE(o))
		return (xstrdup(style_tostring(&ov->style)));
	if (OPTIONS_IS_NUMBER(o)) {
		switch (o->tableentry->type) {
		case OPTIONS_TABLE_NUMBER:
			xasprintf(&s, "%lld", ov->number);
			break;
		case OPTIONS_TABLE_KEY:
			s = xstrdup(key_string_lookup_key(ov->number));
			break;
		case OPTIONS_TABLE_COLOUR:
			s = xstrdup(colour_tostring(ov->number));
			break;
		case OPTIONS_TABLE_FLAG:
			if (numeric)
				xasprintf(&s, "%lld", ov->number);
			else
				s = xstrdup(ov->number ? "on" : "off");
			break;
		case OPTIONS_TABLE_CHOICE:
			s = xstrdup(o->tableentry->choices[ov->number]);
			break;
		case OPTIONS_TABLE_STRING:
		case OPTIONS_TABLE_STYLE:
		case OPTIONS_TABLE_COMMAND:
			fatalx("not a number option type");
		}
		return (s);
	}
	if (OPTIONS_IS_STRING(o))
		return (xstrdup(ov->string));
	return (xstrdup(""));
}

struct options *
options_create(struct options *parent)
{
	struct options	*oo;

	oo = xcalloc(1, sizeof *oo);
	RB_INIT(&oo->tree);
	oo->parent = parent;
	return (oo);
}

void
options_free(struct options *oo)
{
	struct options_entry	*o, *tmp;

	RB_FOREACH_SAFE(o, options_tree, &oo->tree, tmp)
		options_remove(o);
	free(oo);
}

struct options_entry *
options_first(struct options *oo)
{
	return (RB_MIN(options_tree, &oo->tree));
}

struct options_entry *
options_next(struct options_entry *o)
{
	return (RB_NEXT(options_tree, &oo->tree, o));
}

struct options_entry *
options_get_only(struct options *oo, const char *name)
{
	struct options_entry	o;

	o.name = name;
	return (RB_FIND(options_tree, &oo->tree, &o));
}

struct options_entry *
options_get(struct options *oo, const char *name)
{
	struct options_entry	*o;

	o = options_get_only(oo, name);
	while (o == NULL) {
		oo = oo->parent;
		if (oo == NULL)
			break;
		o = options_get_only(oo, name);
	}
	return (o);
}

struct options_entry *
options_empty(struct options *oo, const struct options_table_entry *oe)
{
	struct options_entry	*o;

	o = options_add(oo, oe->name);
	o->tableentry = oe;

	if (oe->flags & OPTIONS_TABLE_IS_ARRAY)
		RB_INIT(&o->value.array);

	return (o);
}

struct options_entry *
options_default(struct options *oo, const struct options_table_entry *oe)
{
	struct options_entry	*o;
	union options_value	*ov;
	u_int			 i;

	o = options_empty(oo, oe);
	ov = &o->value;

	if (oe->flags & OPTIONS_TABLE_IS_ARRAY) {
		if (oe->default_arr == NULL) {
			options_array_assign(o, oe->default_str, NULL);
			return (o);
		}
		for (i = 0; oe->default_arr[i] != NULL; i++)
			options_array_set(o, i, oe->default_arr[i], 0, NULL);
		return (o);
	}

	switch (oe->type) {
	case OPTIONS_TABLE_STRING:
		ov->string = xstrdup(oe->default_str);
		break;
	case OPTIONS_TABLE_STYLE:
		style_set(&ov->style, &grid_default_cell);
		style_parse(&ov->style, &grid_default_cell, oe->default_str);
		break;
	default:
		ov->number = oe->default_num;
		break;
	}
	return (o);
}

static struct options_entry *
options_add(struct options *oo, const char *name)
{
	struct options_entry	*o;

	o = options_get_only(oo, name);
	if (o != NULL)
		options_remove(o);

	o = xcalloc(1, sizeof *o);
	o->owner = oo;
	o->name = xstrdup(name);

	RB_INSERT(options_tree, &oo->tree, o);
	return (o);
}

void
options_remove(struct options_entry *o)
{
	struct options	*oo = o->owner;

	if (OPTIONS_IS_ARRAY(o))
		options_array_clear(o);
	else
		options_value_free(o, &o->value);
	RB_REMOVE(options_tree, &oo->tree, o);
	free(o);
}

const char *
options_name(struct options_entry *o)
{
	return (o->name);
}

const struct options_table_entry *
options_table_entry(struct options_entry *o)
{
	return (o->tableentry);
}

static struct options_array_item *
options_array_item(struct options_entry *o, u_int idx)
{
	struct options_array_item	a;

	a.index = idx;
	return (RB_FIND(options_array, &o->value.array, &a));
}

static void
options_array_free(struct options_entry *o, struct options_array_item *a)
{
	options_value_free(o, &a->value);
	RB_REMOVE(options_array, &o->value.array, a);
	free(a);
}

void
options_array_clear(struct options_entry *o)
{
	struct options_array_item	*a, *a1;

	if (!OPTIONS_IS_ARRAY(o))
		return;

	RB_FOREACH_SAFE(a, options_array, &o->value.array, a1)
	    options_array_free(o, a);
}

union options_value *
options_array_get(struct options_entry *o, u_int idx)
{
	struct options_array_item	*a;

	if (!OPTIONS_IS_ARRAY(o))
		return (NULL);
	a = options_array_item(o, idx);
	if (a == NULL)
		return (NULL);
	return (&a->value);
}

int
options_array_set(struct options_entry *o, u_int idx, const char *value,
    int append, char **cause)
{
	struct options_array_item	*a;
	char				*new;
	struct cmd_parse_result		*pr;

	if (!OPTIONS_IS_ARRAY(o)) {
		if (cause != NULL)
			*cause = xstrdup("not an array");
		return (-1);
	}

	if (OPTIONS_IS_COMMAND(o)) {
		pr = cmd_parse_from_string(value, NULL);
		switch (pr->status) {
		case CMD_PARSE_EMPTY:
			*cause = xstrdup("empty command");
			return (-1);
		case CMD_PARSE_ERROR:
			if (cause != NULL)
				*cause = pr->error;
			else
				free(pr->error);
			return (-1);
		case CMD_PARSE_SUCCESS:
			break;
		}
	}

	a = options_array_item(o, idx);
	if (value == NULL) {
		if (a != NULL)
			options_array_free(o, a);
		return (0);
	}

	if (OPTIONS_IS_STRING(o)) {
		if (a != NULL && append)
			xasprintf(&new, "%s%s", a->value.string, value);
		else
			new = xstrdup(value);
	}

	if (a == NULL) {
		a = xcalloc(1, sizeof *a);
		a->index = idx;
		RB_INSERT(options_array, &o->value.array, a);
	} else
		options_value_free(o, &a->value);

	if (OPTIONS_IS_STRING(o))
		a->value.string = new;
	else if (OPTIONS_IS_COMMAND(o))
		a->value.cmdlist = pr->cmdlist;
	return (0);
}

int
options_array_assign(struct options_entry *o, const char *s, char **cause)
{
	const char	*separator;
	char		*copy, *next, *string;
	u_int		 i;

	separator = o->tableentry->separator;
	if (separator == NULL)
		separator = " ,";
	if (*separator == '\0') {
		if (*s == '\0')
			return (0);
		for (i = 0; i < UINT_MAX; i++) {
			if (options_array_item(o, i) == NULL)
				break;
		}
		return (options_array_set(o, i, s, 0, cause));
	}

	if (*s == '\0')
		return (0);
	copy = string = xstrdup(s);
	while ((next = strsep(&string, separator)) != NULL) {
		if (*next == '\0')
			continue;
		for (i = 0; i < UINT_MAX; i++) {
			if (options_array_item(o, i) == NULL)
				break;
		}
		if (i == UINT_MAX)
			break;
		if (options_array_set(o, i, next, 0, cause) != 0) {
			free(copy);
			return (-1);
		}
	}
	free(copy);
	return (0);
}

struct options_array_item *
options_array_first(struct options_entry *o)
{
	if (!OPTIONS_IS_ARRAY(o))
		return (NULL);
	return (RB_MIN(options_array, &o->value.array));
}

struct options_array_item *
options_array_next(struct options_array_item *a)
{
	return (RB_NEXT(options_array, &o->value.array, a));
}

u_int
options_array_item_index(struct options_array_item *a)
{
	return (a->index);
}

union options_value *
options_array_item_value(struct options_array_item *a)
{
	return (&a->value);
}

int
options_isarray(struct options_entry *o)
{
	return (OPTIONS_IS_ARRAY(o));
}

int
options_isstring(struct options_entry *o)
{
	return (OPTIONS_IS_STRING(o));
}

char *
options_tostring(struct options_entry *o, int idx, int numeric)
{
	struct options_array_item	*a;

	if (OPTIONS_IS_ARRAY(o)) {
		if (idx == -1)
			return (xstrdup(""));
		a = options_array_item(o, idx);
		if (a == NULL)
			return (xstrdup(""));
		return (options_value_tostring(o, &a->value, numeric));
	}
	return (options_value_tostring(o, &o->value, numeric));
}

char *
options_parse(const char *name, int *idx)
{
	char	*copy, *cp, *end;

	if (*name == '\0')
		return (NULL);
	copy = xstrdup(name);
	if ((cp = strchr(copy, '[')) == NULL) {
		*idx = -1;
		return (copy);
	}
	end = strchr(cp + 1, ']');
	if (end == NULL || end[1] != '\0' || !isdigit((u_char)end[-1])) {
		free(copy);
		return (NULL);
	}
	if (sscanf(cp, "[%d]", idx) != 1 || *idx < 0) {
		free(copy);
		return (NULL);
	}
	*cp = '\0';
	return (copy);
}

struct options_entry *
options_parse_get(struct options *oo, const char *s, int *idx, int only)
{
	struct options_entry	*o;
	char			*name;

	name = options_parse(s, idx);
	if (name == NULL)
		return (NULL);
	if (only)
		o = options_get_only(oo, name);
	else
		o = options_get(oo, name);
	free(name);
	return (o);
}

char *
options_match(const char *s, int *idx, int* ambiguous)
{
	const struct options_table_entry	*oe, *found;
	char					*name;
	size_t					 namelen;

	name = options_parse(s, idx);
	if (name == NULL)
		return (NULL);
	namelen = strlen(name);

	if (*name == '@') {
		*ambiguous = 0;
		return (name);
	}

	found = NULL;
	for (oe = options_table; oe->name != NULL; oe++) {
		if (strcmp(oe->name, name) == 0) {
			found = oe;
			break;
		}
		if (strncmp(oe->name, name, namelen) == 0) {
			if (found != NULL) {
				*ambiguous = 1;
				free(name);
				return (NULL);
			}
			found = oe;
		}
	}
	free(name);
	if (found == NULL) {
		*ambiguous = 0;
		return (NULL);
	}
	return (xstrdup(found->name));
}

struct options_entry *
options_match_get(struct options *oo, const char *s, int *idx, int only,
    int* ambiguous)
{
	char			*name;
	struct options_entry	*o;

	name = options_match(s, idx, ambiguous);
	if (name == NULL)
		return (NULL);
	*ambiguous = 0;
	if (only)
		o = options_get_only(oo, name);
	else
		o = options_get(oo, name);
	free(name);
	return (o);
}

const char *
options_get_string(struct options *oo, const char *name)
{
	struct options_entry	*o;

	o = options_get(oo, name);
	if (o == NULL)
		fatalx("missing option %s", name);
	if (!OPTIONS_IS_STRING(o))
		fatalx("option %s is not a string", name);
	return (o->value.string);
}

long long
options_get_number(struct options *oo, const char *name)
{
	struct options_entry	*o;

	o = options_get(oo, name);
	if (o == NULL)
		fatalx("missing option %s", name);
	if (!OPTIONS_IS_NUMBER(o))
	    fatalx("option %s is not a number", name);
	return (o->value.number);
}

struct style *
options_get_style(struct options *oo, const char *name)
{
	struct options_entry	*o;

	o = options_get(oo, name);
	if (o == NULL)
		fatalx("missing option %s", name);
	if (!OPTIONS_IS_STYLE(o))
		fatalx("option %s is not a style", name);
	return (&o->value.style);
}

struct options_entry *
options_set_string(struct options *oo, const char *name, int append,
    const char *fmt, ...)
{
	struct options_entry	*o;
	va_list			 ap;
	char			*s, *value;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	xvasprintf(&s, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);

	o = options_get_only(oo, name);
	if (o != NULL && append && OPTIONS_IS_STRING(o)) {
		xasprintf(&value, "%s%s", o->value.string, s);
		free(s);
	} else
		value = s;
	if (o == NULL && *name == '@')
		o = options_add(oo, name);
	else if (o == NULL) {
		o = options_default(oo, options_parent_table_entry(oo, name));
		if (o == NULL)
			return (NULL);
	}

	if (!OPTIONS_IS_STRING(o))
		fatalx("option %s is not a string", name);
	free(o->value.string);
	o->value.string = value;
	return (o);
}

struct options_entry *
options_set_number(struct options *oo, const char *name, long long value)
{
	struct options_entry	*o;

	if (*name == '@')
		fatalx("user option %s must be a string", name);

	o = options_get_only(oo, name);
	if (o == NULL) {
		o = options_default(oo, options_parent_table_entry(oo, name));
		if (o == NULL)
			return (NULL);
	}

	if (!OPTIONS_IS_NUMBER(o))
		fatalx("option %s is not a number", name);
	o->value.number = value;
	return (o);
}

struct options_entry *
options_set_style(struct options *oo, const char *name, int append,
    const char *value)
{
	struct options_entry	*o;
	struct style		 sy;

	if (*name == '@')
		fatalx("user option %s must be a string", name);

	o = options_get_only(oo, name);
	if (o != NULL && append && OPTIONS_IS_STYLE(o))
		style_copy(&sy, &o->value.style);
	else
		style_set(&sy, &grid_default_cell);
	if (style_parse(&sy, &grid_default_cell, value) == -1)
		return (NULL);
	if (o == NULL) {
		o = options_default(oo, options_parent_table_entry(oo, name));
		if (o == NULL)
			return (NULL);
	}

	if (!OPTIONS_IS_STYLE(o))
		fatalx("option %s is not a style", name);
	style_copy(&o->value.style, &sy);
	return (o);
}

enum options_table_scope
options_scope_from_flags(struct args *args, int window,
    struct cmd_find_state *fs, struct options **oo, char **cause)
{
	struct session	*s = fs->s;
	struct winlink	*wl = fs->wl;
	const char	*target= args_get(args, 't');

	if (args_has(args, 's')) {
		*oo = global_options;
		return (OPTIONS_TABLE_SERVER);
	}

	if (window || args_has(args, 'w')) {
		if (args_has(args, 'g')) {
			*oo = global_w_options;
			return (OPTIONS_TABLE_WINDOW);
		}
		if (wl == NULL) {
			if (target != NULL)
				xasprintf(cause, "no such window: %s", target);
			else
				xasprintf(cause, "no current window");
			return (OPTIONS_TABLE_NONE);
		}
		*oo = wl->window->options;
		return (OPTIONS_TABLE_WINDOW);
	} else {
		if (args_has(args, 'g')) {
			*oo = global_s_options;
			return (OPTIONS_TABLE_SESSION);
		}
		if (s == NULL) {
			if (target != NULL)
				xasprintf(cause, "no such session: %s", target);
			else
				xasprintf(cause, "no current session");
			return (OPTIONS_TABLE_NONE);
		}
		*oo = s->options;
		return (OPTIONS_TABLE_SESSION);
	}
}