Annotation of src/usr.bin/tmux/tmux.1, Revision 1.642
1.642 ! nicm 1: .\" $OpenBSD: tmux.1,v 1.641 2019/04/28 20:05:50 nicm Exp $
1.1 nicm 2: .\"
1.477 nicm 3: .\" Copyright (c) 2007 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
1.1 nicm 4: .\"
5: .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
6: .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
7: .\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
8: .\"
9: .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
10: .\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
11: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
12: .\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
13: .\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF MIND, USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
14: .\" IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
15: .\" OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
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1.642 ! nicm 17: .Dd $Mdocdate: April 28 2019 $
1.1 nicm 18: .Dt TMUX 1
19: .Os
20: .Sh NAME
21: .Nm tmux
1.6 jmc 22: .Nd terminal multiplexer
1.1 nicm 23: .Sh SYNOPSIS
24: .Nm tmux
25: .Bk -words
1.434 jmc 26: .Op Fl 2Cluv
1.91 nicm 27: .Op Fl c Ar shell-command
1.1 nicm 28: .Op Fl f Ar file
29: .Op Fl L Ar socket-name
30: .Op Fl S Ar socket-path
31: .Op Ar command Op Ar flags
32: .Ek
33: .Sh DESCRIPTION
34: .Nm
1.59 jmc 35: is a terminal multiplexer:
36: it enables a number of terminals to be created, accessed, and
37: controlled from a single screen.
1.67 jmc 38: .Nm
39: may be detached from a screen
40: and continue running in the background,
41: then later reattached.
1.1 nicm 42: .Pp
1.60 nicm 43: When
44: .Nm
45: is started it creates a new
46: .Em session
47: with a single
48: .Em window
49: and displays it on screen.
50: A status line at the bottom of the screen
51: shows information on the current session
52: and is used to enter interactive commands.
53: .Pp
54: A session is a single collection of
55: .Em pseudo terminals
56: under the management of
57: .Nm .
58: Each session has one or more
59: windows linked to it.
60: A window occupies the entire screen
61: and may be split into rectangular panes,
62: each of which is a separate pseudo terminal
63: (the
64: .Xr pty 4
65: manual page documents the technical details of pseudo terminals).
66: Any number of
67: .Nm
68: instances may connect to the same session,
69: and any number of windows may be present in the same session.
70: Once all sessions are killed,
71: .Nm
72: exits.
73: .Pp
1.64 nicm 74: Each session is persistent and will survive accidental disconnection
1.66 jmc 75: (such as
1.64 nicm 76: .Xr ssh 1
1.67 jmc 77: connection timeout) or intentional detaching (with the
1.64 nicm 78: .Ql C-b d
79: key strokes).
80: .Nm
81: may be reattached using:
82: .Pp
83: .Dl $ tmux attach
1.60 nicm 84: .Pp
1.64 nicm 85: In
86: .Nm ,
87: a session is displayed on screen by a
88: .Em client
89: and all sessions are managed by a single
90: .Em server .
91: The server and each client are separate processes which communicate through a
92: socket in
93: .Pa /tmp .
1.65 nicm 94: .Pp
1.1 nicm 95: The options are as follows:
96: .Bl -tag -width "XXXXXXXXXXXX"
97: .It Fl 2
98: Force
99: .Nm
100: to assume the terminal supports 256 colours.
1.345 nicm 101: .It Fl C
1.369 nicm 102: Start in control mode (see the
103: .Sx CONTROL MODE
104: section).
1.345 nicm 105: Given twice
106: .Xo ( Fl CC ) Xc
107: disables echo.
1.91 nicm 108: .It Fl c Ar shell-command
109: Execute
110: .Ar shell-command
111: using the default shell.
112: If necessary, the
113: .Nm
114: server will be started to retrieve the
115: .Ic default-shell
116: option.
1.153 nicm 117: This option is for compatibility with
118: .Xr sh 1
119: when
120: .Nm
121: is used as a login shell.
1.1 nicm 122: .It Fl f Ar file
123: Specify an alternative configuration file.
124: By default,
125: .Nm
1.26 nicm 126: loads the system configuration file from
127: .Pa /etc/tmux.conf ,
128: if present, then looks for a user configuration file at
1.1 nicm 129: .Pa ~/.tmux.conf .
1.306 nicm 130: .Pp
1.1 nicm 131: The configuration file is a set of
132: .Nm
133: commands which are executed in sequence when the server is first started.
1.306 nicm 134: .Nm
135: loads configuration files once when the server process has started.
136: The
137: .Ic source-file
138: command may be used to load a file later.
1.61 nicm 139: .Pp
140: .Nm
1.306 nicm 141: shows any error messages from commands in configuration files in the first
142: session created, and continues to process the rest of the configuration file.
1.1 nicm 143: .It Fl L Ar socket-name
144: .Nm
145: stores the server socket in a directory under
1.455 nicm 146: .Ev TMUX_TMPDIR
147: or
1.208 nicm 148: .Pa /tmp
1.455 nicm 149: if it is unset.
1.355 nicm 150: The default socket is named
1.1 nicm 151: .Em default .
152: This option allows a different socket name to be specified, allowing several
153: independent
154: .Nm
155: servers to be run.
156: Unlike
157: .Fl S
158: a full path is not necessary: the sockets are all created in the same
159: directory.
1.2 nicm 160: .Pp
161: If the socket is accidentally removed, the
1.6 jmc 162: .Dv SIGUSR1
1.2 nicm 163: signal may be sent to the
164: .Nm
1.422 nicm 165: server process to recreate it (note that this will fail if any parent
166: directories are missing).
1.166 sobrado 167: .It Fl l
168: Behave as a login shell.
169: This flag currently has no effect and is for compatibility with other shells
170: when using tmux as a login shell.
1.1 nicm 171: .It Fl S Ar socket-path
172: Specify a full alternative path to the server socket.
173: If
174: .Fl S
175: is specified, the default socket directory is not used and any
176: .Fl L
177: flag is ignored.
178: .It Fl u
1.523 nicm 179: When starting,
1.1 nicm 180: .Nm
1.523 nicm 181: looks for the
1.14 nicm 182: .Ev LC_ALL ,
183: .Ev LC_CTYPE
184: and
1.2 nicm 185: .Ev LANG
1.523 nicm 186: environment variables: if the first found contains
187: .Ql UTF-8 ,
188: then the terminal is assumed to support UTF-8.
1.5 nicm 189: This is not always correct: the
1.2 nicm 190: .Fl u
191: flag explicitly informs
192: .Nm
1.6 jmc 193: that UTF-8 is supported.
1.33 nicm 194: .Pp
1.458 nicm 195: Note that
196: .Nm
1.459 jmc 197: itself always accepts UTF-8; this controls whether it will send UTF-8
198: characters to the terminal it is running (if not, they are replaced by
1.458 nicm 199: .Ql _ ) .
1.1 nicm 200: .It Fl v
201: Request verbose logging.
202: Log messages will be saved into
203: .Pa tmux-client-PID.log
204: and
205: .Pa tmux-server-PID.log
206: files in the current directory, where
207: .Em PID
1.6 jmc 208: is the PID of the server or client process.
1.558 nicm 209: If
210: .Fl v
211: is specified twice, an additional
212: .Pa tmux-out-PID.log
213: file is generated with a copy of everything
214: .Nm
215: writes to the terminal.
216: .Pp
217: The
218: .Dv SIGUSR2
219: signal may be sent to the
220: .Nm
221: server process to toggle logging between on (as if
222: .Fl v
223: was given) and off.
1.1 nicm 224: .It Ar command Op Ar flags
225: This specifies one of a set of commands used to control
226: .Nm ,
1.6 jmc 227: as described in the following sections.
1.59 jmc 228: If no commands are specified, the
1.1 nicm 229: .Ic new-session
230: command is assumed.
1.57 jmc 231: .El
1.627 nicm 232: .Sh DEFAULT KEY BINDINGS
1.64 nicm 233: .Nm
234: may be controlled from an attached client by using a key combination of a
235: prefix key,
236: .Ql C-b
237: (Ctrl-b) by default, followed by a command key.
238: .Pp
1.172 nicm 239: The default command key bindings are:
1.64 nicm 240: .Pp
1.171 nicm 241: .Bl -tag -width "XXXXXXXXXX" -offset indent -compact
242: .It C-b
243: Send the prefix key (C-b) through to the application.
244: .It C-o
245: Rotate the panes in the current window forwards.
246: .It C-z
247: Suspend the
248: .Nm
249: client.
250: .It !
251: Break the current pane out of the window.
252: .It \&"
1.625 nicm 253: .\" "
1.171 nicm 254: Split the current pane into two, top and bottom.
255: .It #
256: List all paste buffers.
1.236 nicm 257: .It $
258: Rename the current session.
1.171 nicm 259: .It %
260: Split the current pane into two, left and right.
261: .It &
262: Kill the current window.
263: .It '
264: Prompt for a window index to select.
1.412 nicm 265: .It \&(
266: Switch the attached client to the previous session.
267: .It \&)
268: Switch the attached client to the next session.
1.171 nicm 269: .It ,
270: Rename the current window.
271: .It -
272: Delete the most recently copied buffer of text.
273: .It .
274: Prompt for an index to move the current window.
275: .It 0 to 9
276: Select windows 0 to 9.
277: .It :
278: Enter the
279: .Nm
280: command prompt.
1.187 nicm 281: .It ;
282: Move to the previously active pane.
1.178 nicm 283: .It =
284: Choose which buffer to paste interactively from a list.
1.171 nicm 285: .It \&?
286: List all key bindings.
287: .It D
288: Choose a client to detach.
1.412 nicm 289: .It L
290: Switch the attached client back to the last session.
1.182 jmc 291: .It \&[
1.171 nicm 292: Enter copy mode to copy text or view the history.
1.182 jmc 293: .It \&]
1.171 nicm 294: Paste the most recently copied buffer of text.
1.64 nicm 295: .It c
1.65 nicm 296: Create a new window.
1.64 nicm 297: .It d
1.65 nicm 298: Detach the current client.
1.171 nicm 299: .It f
300: Prompt to search for text in open windows.
301: .It i
302: Display some information about the current window.
1.64 nicm 303: .It l
1.65 nicm 304: Move to the previously selected window.
1.64 nicm 305: .It n
1.65 nicm 306: Change to the next window.
1.171 nicm 307: .It o
308: Select the next pane in the current window.
1.64 nicm 309: .It p
1.65 nicm 310: Change to the previous window.
1.171 nicm 311: .It q
312: Briefly display pane indexes.
313: .It r
314: Force redraw of the attached client.
1.432 nicm 315: .It m
316: Mark the current pane (see
317: .Ic select-pane
318: .Fl m ) .
319: .It M
320: Clear the marked pane.
1.171 nicm 321: .It s
322: Select a new session for the attached client interactively.
323: .It t
324: Show the time.
325: .It w
326: Choose the current window interactively.
327: .It x
328: Kill the current pane.
1.412 nicm 329: .It z
330: Toggle zoom state of the current pane.
1.171 nicm 331: .It {
332: Swap the current pane with the previous pane.
333: .It }
334: Swap the current pane with the next pane.
335: .It ~
336: Show previous messages from
337: .Nm ,
338: if any.
339: .It Page Up
340: Enter copy mode and scroll one page up.
341: .It Up, Down
342: .It Left, Right
343: Change to the pane above, below, to the left, or to the right of the current
344: pane.
345: .It M-1 to M-5
346: Arrange panes in one of the five preset layouts: even-horizontal,
347: even-vertical, main-horizontal, main-vertical, or tiled.
1.412 nicm 348: .It Space
349: Arrange the current window in the next preset layout.
1.171 nicm 350: .It M-n
351: Move to the next window with a bell or activity marker.
352: .It M-o
353: Rotate the panes in the current window backwards.
354: .It M-p
355: Move to the previous window with a bell or activity marker.
356: .It C-Up, C-Down
357: .It C-Left, C-Right
358: Resize the current pane in steps of one cell.
359: .It M-Up, M-Down
360: .It M-Left, M-Right
361: Resize the current pane in steps of five cells.
1.64 nicm 362: .El
363: .Pp
364: Key bindings may be changed with the
365: .Ic bind-key
366: and
367: .Ic unbind-key
368: commands.
1.57 jmc 369: .Sh COMMANDS
370: This section contains a list of the commands supported by
371: .Nm .
372: Most commands accept the optional
373: .Fl t
1.432 nicm 374: (and sometimes
375: .Fl s )
1.57 jmc 376: argument with one of
377: .Ar target-client ,
378: .Ar target-session
379: .Ar target-window ,
380: or
381: .Ar target-pane .
382: These specify the client, session, window or pane which a command should affect.
1.423 nicm 383: .Pp
1.57 jmc 384: .Ar target-client
1.540 nicm 385: should be the name of the client,
386: typically the
1.57 jmc 387: .Xr pty 4
388: file to which the client is connected, for example either of
389: .Pa /dev/ttyp1
390: or
391: .Pa ttyp1
392: for the client attached to
393: .Pa /dev/ttyp1 .
1.423 nicm 394: If no client is specified,
395: .Nm
396: attempts to work out the client currently in use; if that fails, an error is
397: reported.
1.57 jmc 398: Clients may be listed with the
399: .Ic list-clients
400: command.
1.1 nicm 401: .Pp
1.57 jmc 402: .Ar target-session
1.423 nicm 403: is tried as, in order:
404: .Bl -enum -offset Ds
405: .It
406: A session ID prefixed with a $.
407: .It
408: An exact name of a session (as listed by the
1.57 jmc 409: .Ic list-sessions
1.423 nicm 410: command).
411: .It
412: The start of a session name, for example
413: .Ql mysess
414: would match a session named
415: .Ql mysession .
416: .It
417: An
1.57 jmc 418: .Xr fnmatch 3
1.423 nicm 419: pattern which is matched against the session name.
420: .El
421: .Pp
1.441 nicm 422: If the session name is prefixed with an
423: .Ql = ,
1.435 nicm 424: only an exact match is accepted (so
425: .Ql =mysess
426: will only match exactly
427: .Ql mysess ,
428: not
429: .Ql mysession ) .
1.441 nicm 430: .Pp
1.423 nicm 431: If a single session is found, it is used as the target session; multiple matches
1.57 jmc 432: produce an error.
433: If a session is omitted, the current session is used if available; if no
1.117 nicm 434: current session is available, the most recently used is chosen.
1.1 nicm 435: .Pp
1.57 jmc 436: .Ar target-window
1.472 nicm 437: (or
438: .Ar src-window
439: or
440: .Ar dst-window )
1.57 jmc 441: specifies a window in the form
442: .Em session Ns \&: Ns Em window .
443: .Em session
444: follows the same rules as for
445: .Ar target-session ,
446: and
447: .Em window
1.423 nicm 448: is looked for in order as:
449: .Bl -enum -offset Ds
450: .It
451: A special token, listed below.
452: .It
453: A window index, for example
454: .Ql mysession:1
455: is window 1 in session
456: .Ql mysession .
457: .It
458: A window ID, such as @1.
459: .It
460: An exact window name, such as
461: .Ql mysession:mywindow .
462: .It
463: The start of a window name, such as
464: .Ql mysession:mywin .
465: .It
466: As an
1.57 jmc 467: .Xr fnmatch 3
1.423 nicm 468: pattern matched against the window name.
469: .El
470: .Pp
1.435 nicm 471: Like sessions, a
472: .Ql =
473: prefix will do an exact match only.
1.57 jmc 474: An empty window name specifies the next unused index if appropriate (for
475: example the
476: .Ic new-window
477: and
478: .Ic link-window
479: commands)
480: otherwise the current window in
481: .Em session
482: is chosen.
1.423 nicm 483: .Pp
1.424 nicm 484: The following special tokens are available to indicate particular windows.
485: Each has a single-character alternative form.
1.423 nicm 486: .Bl -column "XXXXXXXXXX" "X"
487: .It Sy "Token" Ta Sy "" Ta Sy "Meaning"
488: .It Li "{start}" Ta "^" Ta "The lowest-numbered window"
489: .It Li "{end}" Ta "$" Ta "The highest-numbered window"
490: .It Li "{last}" Ta "!" Ta "The last (previously current) window"
491: .It Li "{next}" Ta "+" Ta "The next window by number"
492: .It Li "{previous}" Ta "-" Ta "The previous window by number"
493: .El
1.1 nicm 494: .Pp
1.57 jmc 495: .Ar target-pane
1.472 nicm 496: (or
497: .Ar src-pane
498: or
499: .Ar dst-pane )
500: may be a pane ID or takes a similar form to
1.57 jmc 501: .Ar target-window
1.423 nicm 502: but with the optional addition of a period followed by a pane index or pane ID,
503: for example:
504: .Ql mysession:mywindow.1 .
1.57 jmc 505: If the pane index is omitted, the currently active pane in the specified
506: window is used.
1.423 nicm 507: The following special tokens are available for the pane index:
508: .Bl -column "XXXXXXXXXXXXXX" "X"
509: .It Sy "Token" Ta Sy "" Ta Sy "Meaning"
510: .It Li "{last}" Ta "!" Ta "The last (previously active) pane"
511: .It Li "{next}" Ta "+" Ta "The next pane by number"
512: .It Li "{previous}" Ta "-" Ta "The previous pane by number"
513: .It Li "{top}" Ta "" Ta "The top pane"
514: .It Li "{bottom}" Ta "" Ta "The bottom pane"
515: .It Li "{left}" Ta "" Ta "The leftmost pane"
516: .It Li "{right}" Ta "" Ta "The rightmost pane"
517: .It Li "{top-left}" Ta "" Ta "The top-left pane"
518: .It Li "{top-right}" Ta "" Ta "The top-right pane"
519: .It Li "{bottom-left}" Ta "" Ta "The bottom-left pane"
520: .It Li "{bottom-right}" Ta "" Ta "The bottom-right pane"
1.447 nicm 521: .It Li "{up-of}" Ta "" Ta "The pane above the active pane"
522: .It Li "{down-of}" Ta "" Ta "The pane below the active pane"
523: .It Li "{left-of}" Ta "" Ta "The pane to the left of the active pane"
524: .It Li "{right-of}" Ta "" Ta "The pane to the right of the active pane"
1.423 nicm 525: .El
1.177 nicm 526: .Pp
1.423 nicm 527: The tokens
1.177 nicm 528: .Ql +
529: and
530: .Ql -
531: may be followed by an offset, for example:
532: .Bd -literal -offset indent
533: select-window -t:+2
534: .Ed
535: .Pp
1.432 nicm 536: In addition,
537: .Em target-session ,
538: .Em target-window
539: or
540: .Em target-pane
541: may consist entirely of the token
542: .Ql {mouse}
543: (alternative form
544: .Ql = )
545: to specify the most recent mouse event
546: (see the
547: .Sx MOUSE SUPPORT
548: section)
549: or
550: .Ql {marked}
551: (alternative form
552: .Ql ~ )
553: to specify the marked pane (see
554: .Ic select-pane
555: .Fl m ) .
556: .Pp
1.423 nicm 557: Sessions, window and panes are each numbered with a unique ID; session IDs are
558: prefixed with a
559: .Ql $ ,
560: windows with a
561: .Ql @ ,
562: and panes with a
563: .Ql % .
564: These are unique and are unchanged for the life of the session, window or pane
565: in the
1.212 nicm 566: .Nm
1.423 nicm 567: server.
568: The pane ID is passed to the child process of the pane in the
1.212 nicm 569: .Ev TMUX_PANE
570: environment variable.
1.423 nicm 571: IDs may be displayed using the
572: .Ql session_id ,
573: .Ql window_id ,
574: or
575: .Ql pane_id
576: formats (see the
577: .Sx FORMATS
578: section) and the
579: .Ic display-message ,
580: .Ic list-sessions ,
581: .Ic list-windows
582: or
583: .Ic list-panes
584: commands.
1.15 jmc 585: .Pp
1.153 nicm 586: .Ar shell-command
587: arguments are
588: .Xr sh 1
589: commands.
1.394 nicm 590: This may be a single argument passed to the shell, for example:
1.153 nicm 591: .Bd -literal -offset indent
592: new-window 'vi /etc/passwd'
593: .Ed
1.394 nicm 594: .Pp
595: Will run:
596: .Bd -literal -offset indent
597: /bin/sh -c 'vi /etc/passwd'
598: .Ed
599: .Pp
600: Additionally, the
601: .Ic new-window ,
602: .Ic new-session ,
603: .Ic split-window ,
604: .Ic respawn-window
605: and
606: .Ic respawn-pane
607: commands allow
608: .Ar shell-command
609: to be given as multiple arguments and executed directly (without
610: .Ql sh -c ) .
611: This can avoid issues with shell quoting.
612: For example:
613: .Bd -literal -offset indent
614: $ tmux new-window vi /etc/passwd
615: .Ed
616: .Pp
617: Will run
618: .Xr vi 1
619: directly without invoking the shell.
1.153 nicm 620: .Pp
621: .Ar command
622: .Op Ar arguments
623: refers to a
624: .Nm
625: command, passed with the command and arguments separately, for example:
626: .Bd -literal -offset indent
1.629 nicm 627: bind-key F1 set-option status off
1.153 nicm 628: .Ed
629: .Pp
630: Or if using
631: .Xr sh 1 :
632: .Bd -literal -offset indent
1.629 nicm 633: $ tmux bind-key F1 set-option status off
1.153 nicm 634: .Ed
635: .Pp
1.57 jmc 636: Multiple commands may be specified together as part of a
637: .Em command sequence .
638: Each command should be separated by spaces and a semicolon;
1.244 nicm 639: commands are executed sequentially from left to right and
1.293 nicm 640: lines ending with a backslash continue on to the next line,
641: except when escaped by another backslash.
1.57 jmc 642: A literal semicolon may be included by escaping it with a backslash (for
643: example, when specifying a command sequence to
644: .Ic bind-key ) .
1.13 nicm 645: .Pp
1.153 nicm 646: Example
647: .Nm
648: commands include:
1.13 nicm 649: .Bd -literal -offset indent
1.57 jmc 650: refresh-client -t/dev/ttyp2
651:
652: rename-session -tfirst newname
653:
654: set-window-option -t:0 monitor-activity on
655:
656: new-window ; split-window -d
1.244 nicm 657:
658: bind-key R source-file ~/.tmux.conf \e; \e
659: display-message "source-file done"
1.13 nicm 660: .Ed
1.153 nicm 661: .Pp
662: Or from
663: .Xr sh 1 :
664: .Bd -literal -offset indent
665: $ tmux kill-window -t :1
666:
1.159 jmc 667: $ tmux new-window \e; split-window -d
1.153 nicm 668:
1.159 jmc 669: $ tmux new-session -d 'vi /etc/passwd' \e; split-window -d \e; attach
1.153 nicm 670: .Ed
1.57 jmc 671: .Sh CLIENTS AND SESSIONS
1.153 nicm 672: The
673: .Nm
674: server manages clients, sessions, windows and panes.
675: Clients are attached to sessions to interact with them, either
676: when they are created with the
677: .Ic new-session
678: command, or later with the
679: .Ic attach-session
680: command.
1.188 nicm 681: Each session has one or more windows
1.153 nicm 682: .Em linked
683: into it.
684: Windows may be linked to multiple sessions and are made up of one or
685: more panes,
686: each of which contains a pseudo terminal.
687: Commands for creating, linking and otherwise manipulating windows
688: are covered
689: in the
690: .Sx WINDOWS AND PANES
691: section.
692: .Pp
693: The following commands are available to manage clients and sessions:
1.57 jmc 694: .Bl -tag -width Ds
695: .It Xo Ic attach-session
1.436 nicm 696: .Op Fl dEr
1.372 nicm 697: .Op Fl c Ar working-directory
1.57 jmc 698: .Op Fl t Ar target-session
699: .Xc
700: .D1 (alias: Ic attach )
701: If run from outside
702: .Nm ,
703: create a new client in the current terminal and attach it to
704: .Ar target-session .
705: If used from inside, switch the current client.
706: If
707: .Fl d
708: is specified, any other clients attached to the session are detached.
1.148 nicm 709: .Fl r
710: signifies the client is read-only (only keys bound to the
711: .Ic detach-client
1.242 nicm 712: or
713: .Ic switch-client
714: commands have any effect)
1.13 nicm 715: .Pp
1.57 jmc 716: If no server is started,
717: .Ic attach-session
718: will attempt to start it; this will fail unless sessions are created in the
719: configuration file.
1.217 nicm 720: .Pp
721: The
722: .Ar target-session
723: rules for
724: .Ic attach-session
725: are slightly adjusted: if
726: .Nm
727: needs to select the most recently used session, it will prefer the most
728: recently used
729: .Em unattached
730: session.
1.372 nicm 731: .Pp
732: .Fl c
733: will set the session working directory (used for new windows) to
734: .Ar working-directory .
1.436 nicm 735: .Pp
736: If
737: .Fl E
1.480 nicm 738: is used, the
1.436 nicm 739: .Ic update-environment
740: option will not be applied.
1.211 nicm 741: .It Xo Ic detach-client
1.463 nicm 742: .Op Fl aP
1.525 nicm 743: .Op Fl E Ar shell-command
1.219 nicm 744: .Op Fl s Ar target-session
1.211 nicm 745: .Op Fl t Ar target-client
746: .Xc
1.57 jmc 747: .D1 (alias: Ic detach )
1.218 nicm 748: Detach the current client if bound to a key, the client specified with
749: .Fl t ,
1.258 jmc 750: or all clients currently attached to the session specified by
1.218 nicm 751: .Fl s .
1.296 nicm 752: The
753: .Fl a
754: option kills all but the client given with
755: .Fl t .
1.211 nicm 756: If
757: .Fl P
758: is given, send SIGHUP to the parent process of the client, typically causing it
759: to exit.
1.525 nicm 760: With
761: .Fl E ,
762: run
763: .Ar shell-command
764: to replace the client.
1.57 jmc 765: .It Ic has-session Op Fl t Ar target-session
766: .D1 (alias: Ic has )
767: Report an error and exit with 1 if the specified session does not exist.
768: If it does exist, exit with 0.
769: .It Ic kill-server
770: Kill the
1.1 nicm 771: .Nm
1.57 jmc 772: server and clients and destroy all sessions.
1.369 nicm 773: .It Xo Ic kill-session
1.464 nicm 774: .Op Fl aC
1.297 nicm 775: .Op Fl t Ar target-session
1.369 nicm 776: .Xc
1.57 jmc 777: Destroy the given session, closing any windows linked to it and no other
778: sessions, and detaching all clients attached to it.
1.297 nicm 779: If
780: .Fl a
781: is given, all sessions but the specified one is killed.
1.464 nicm 782: The
783: .Fl C
1.467 nicm 784: flag clears alerts (bell, activity, or silence) in all windows linked to the
1.464 nicm 785: session.
1.250 nicm 786: .It Xo Ic list-clients
787: .Op Fl F Ar format
788: .Op Fl t Ar target-session
789: .Xc
1.57 jmc 790: .D1 (alias: Ic lsc )
1.221 jmc 791: List all clients attached to the server.
1.250 nicm 792: For the meaning of the
793: .Fl F
794: flag, see the
1.252 jmc 795: .Sx FORMATS
796: section.
1.221 jmc 797: If
1.220 nicm 798: .Ar target-session
799: is specified, list only clients connected to that session.
1.489 nicm 800: .It Xo Ic list-commands
801: .Op Fl F Ar format
802: .Xc
1.57 jmc 803: .D1 (alias: Ic lscm )
804: List the syntax of all commands supported by
805: .Nm .
1.247 nicm 806: .It Ic list-sessions Op Fl F Ar format
1.57 jmc 807: .D1 (alias: Ic ls )
808: List all sessions managed by the server.
1.247 nicm 809: For the meaning of the
810: .Fl F
811: flag, see the
812: .Sx FORMATS
813: section.
1.175 nicm 814: .It Ic lock-client Op Fl t Ar target-client
815: .D1 (alias: Ic lockc )
1.92 nicm 816: Lock
817: .Ar target-client ,
818: see the
819: .Ic lock-server
820: command.
1.175 nicm 821: .It Ic lock-session Op Fl t Ar target-session
822: .D1 (alias: Ic locks )
1.92 nicm 823: Lock all clients attached to
824: .Ar target-session .
1.57 jmc 825: .It Xo Ic new-session
1.436 nicm 826: .Op Fl AdDEP
1.371 nicm 827: .Op Fl c Ar start-directory
1.351 nicm 828: .Op Fl F Ar format
1.57 jmc 829: .Op Fl n Ar window-name
830: .Op Fl s Ar session-name
1.536 nicm 831: .Op Fl t Ar group-name
1.210 nicm 832: .Op Fl x Ar width
833: .Op Fl y Ar height
1.153 nicm 834: .Op Ar shell-command
1.57 jmc 835: .Xc
836: .D1 (alias: Ic new )
837: Create a new session with name
838: .Ar session-name .
1.153 nicm 839: .Pp
1.57 jmc 840: The new session is attached to the current terminal unless
841: .Fl d
842: is given.
843: .Ar window-name
1.1 nicm 844: and
1.153 nicm 845: .Ar shell-command
846: are the name of and shell command to execute in the initial window.
1.552 nicm 847: With
848: .Fl d ,
1.642 ! nicm 849: the initial size comes from the global
! 850: .Ic default-size
! 851: option;
1.210 nicm 852: .Fl x
853: and
854: .Fl y
1.602 nicm 855: can be used to specify a different size.
856: .Ql -
857: uses the size of the current client if any.
1.642 ! nicm 858: If
! 859: .Fl x
! 860: or
! 861: .Fl y
! 862: is given, the
! 863: .Ic default-size
! 864: option is set for the session.
1.68 nicm 865: .Pp
866: If run from a terminal, any
867: .Xr termios 4
868: special characters are saved and used for new windows in the new session.
1.338 nicm 869: .Pp
870: The
871: .Fl A
872: flag makes
873: .Ic new-session
874: behave like
875: .Ic attach-session
876: if
877: .Ar session-name
1.416 nicm 878: already exists; in this case,
1.338 nicm 879: .Fl D
880: behaves like
881: .Fl d
882: to
883: .Ic attach-session .
1.101 nicm 884: .Pp
885: If
886: .Fl t
1.536 nicm 887: is given, it specifies a
888: .Ic session group .
889: Sessions in the same group share the same set of windows - new windows are
1.537 nicm 890: linked to all sessions in the group and any windows closed removed from all
1.536 nicm 891: sessions.
1.101 nicm 892: The current and previous window and any session options remain independent and
1.536 nicm 893: any session in a group may be killed without affecting the others.
894: The
895: .Ar group-name
896: argument may be:
897: .Bl -enum -width Ds
898: .It
899: the name of an existing group, in which case the new session is added to that
900: group;
901: .It
902: the name of an existing session - the new session is added to the same group
903: as that session, creating a new group if necessary;
904: .It
905: the name for a new group containing only the new session.
906: .El
907: .Pp
1.101 nicm 908: .Fl n
1.480 nicm 909: and
1.153 nicm 910: .Ar shell-command
1.101 nicm 911: are invalid if
912: .Fl t
913: is used.
1.351 nicm 914: .Pp
915: The
916: .Fl P
917: option prints information about the new session after it has been created.
918: By default, it uses the format
919: .Ql #{session_name}:
920: but a different format may be specified with
921: .Fl F .
1.436 nicm 922: .Pp
923: If
924: .Fl E
1.480 nicm 925: is used, the
1.436 nicm 926: .Ic update-environment
927: option will not be applied.
1.248 nicm 928: .It Xo Ic refresh-client
1.613 nicm 929: .Op Fl cDlLRSU
1.535 nicm 930: .Op Fl C Ar width,height
1.248 nicm 931: .Op Fl t Ar target-client
1.613 nicm 932: .Op Ar adjustment
1.248 nicm 933: .Xc
1.57 jmc 934: .D1 (alias: Ic refresh )
935: Refresh the current client if bound to a key, or a single client if one is given
936: with
937: .Fl t .
1.248 nicm 938: If
939: .Fl S
1.538 nicm 940: is specified, only update the client's status line.
1.535 nicm 941: .Pp
1.642 ! nicm 942: The
! 943: .Fl U ,
! 944: .Fl D ,
! 945: .Fl L
! 946: .Fl R ,
! 947: and
! 948: .Fl c
! 949: flags allow the visible portion of a window which is larger than the client
! 950: to be changed.
! 951: .Fl U
! 952: moves the visible part up by
! 953: .Ar adjustment
! 954: rows and
! 955: .Fl D
! 956: down,
! 957: .Fl L
! 958: left by
! 959: .Ar adjustment
! 960: columns and
! 961: .Fl R
! 962: right.
! 963: .Fl c
! 964: returns to tracking the cursor automatically.
! 965: If
! 966: .Ar adjustment
! 967: is omitted, 1 is used.
! 968: Note that the visible position is a property of the client not of the
! 969: window, changing the current window in the attached session will reset
! 970: it.
! 971: .Pp
1.535 nicm 972: .Fl C
973: sets the width and height of a control client.
1.612 nicm 974: .Fl l
975: requests the clipboard from the client using the
976: .Xr xterm 1
977: escape sequence and stores it in a new paste buffer.
1.613 nicm 978: .Pp
979: .Fl L ,
980: .Fl R ,
981: .Fl U
982: and
983: .Fl D
984: move the visible portion of the window left, right, up or down
985: by
986: .Ar adjustment ,
987: if the window is larger than the client.
988: .Fl c
989: resets so that the position follows the cursor.
990: See the
991: .Ic window-size
992: option.
1.57 jmc 993: .It Xo Ic rename-session
994: .Op Fl t Ar target-session
995: .Ar new-name
996: .Xc
997: .D1 (alias: Ic rename )
998: Rename the session to
999: .Ar new-name .
1.121 nicm 1000: .It Xo Ic show-messages
1.465 nicm 1001: .Op Fl JT
1.120 nicm 1002: .Op Fl t Ar target-client
1003: .Xc
1004: .D1 (alias: Ic showmsgs )
1.377 nicm 1005: Show client messages or server information.
1.120 nicm 1006: Any messages displayed on the status line are saved in a per-client message
1007: log, up to a maximum of the limit set by the
1008: .Ar message-limit
1.384 nicm 1009: server option.
1.377 nicm 1010: With
1011: .Fl t ,
1012: display the log for
1.120 nicm 1013: .Ar target-client .
1.377 nicm 1014: .Fl J
1015: and
1016: .Fl T
1.465 nicm 1017: show debugging information about jobs and terminals.
1.488 tim 1018: .It Xo Ic source-file
1019: .Op Fl q
1020: .Ar path
1021: .Xc
1.57 jmc 1022: .D1 (alias: Ic source )
1023: Execute commands from
1.519 nicm 1024: .Ar path
1025: (which may be a
1.607 kn 1026: .Xr glob 7
1.519 nicm 1027: pattern).
1.488 tim 1028: If
1029: .Fl q
1030: is given, no error will be returned if
1031: .Ar path
1032: does not exist.
1.521 nicm 1033: .Pp
1034: Within a configuration file, commands may be made conditional by surrounding
1035: them with
1036: .Em %if
1037: and
1038: .Em %endif
1039: lines.
1.580 nicm 1040: Additional
1041: .Em %elif
1042: and
1043: .Em %else
1044: lines may also be used.
1.521 nicm 1045: The argument to
1046: .Em %if
1.580 nicm 1047: and
1048: .Em %elif
1049: is expanded as a format and if it evaluates to false (zero or empty),
1050: subsequent lines are ignored until the next
1051: .Em %elif ,
1052: .Em %else
1053: or
1.521 nicm 1054: .Em %endif .
1055: For example:
1056: .Bd -literal -offset indent
1057: %if #{==:#{host},myhost}
1058: set -g status-style bg=red
1.580 nicm 1059: %elif #{==:#{host},myotherhost}
1060: set -g status-style bg=green
1061: %else
1062: set -g status-style bg=blue
1.521 nicm 1063: %endif
1064: .Ed
1065: .Pp
1066: Will change the status line to red if running on
1.580 nicm 1067: .Ql myhost ,
1068: green if running on
1069: .Ql myotherhost ,
1070: or blue if running on another host.
1.57 jmc 1071: .It Ic start-server
1072: .D1 (alias: Ic start )
1073: Start the
1.1 nicm 1074: .Nm
1.57 jmc 1075: server, if not already running, without creating any sessions.
1076: .It Xo Ic suspend-client
1.202 nicm 1077: .Op Fl t Ar target-client
1.57 jmc 1078: .Xc
1079: .D1 (alias: Ic suspendc )
1080: Suspend a client by sending
1081: .Dv SIGTSTP
1082: (tty stop).
1083: .It Xo Ic switch-client
1.436 nicm 1084: .Op Fl Elnpr
1.57 jmc 1085: .Op Fl c Ar target-client
1086: .Op Fl t Ar target-session
1.421 nicm 1087: .Op Fl T Ar key-table
1.57 jmc 1088: .Xc
1089: .D1 (alias: Ic switchc )
1090: Switch the current session for client
1091: .Ar target-client
1092: to
1093: .Ar target-session .
1.635 nicm 1094: As a special case,
1095: .Fl t
1096: may refer to a pane (a target that contains
1.636 jmc 1097: .Ql \&: ,
1098: .Ql \&.
1.635 nicm 1099: or
1.636 jmc 1100: .Ql % ) ,
1.635 nicm 1101: in which case the session, window and pane are all changed.
1.183 nicm 1102: If
1.197 jmc 1103: .Fl l ,
1.183 nicm 1104: .Fl n
1105: or
1106: .Fl p
1.194 nicm 1107: is used, the client is moved to the last, next or previous session
1108: respectively.
1.242 nicm 1109: .Fl r
1110: toggles whether a client is read-only (see the
1111: .Ic attach-session
1112: command).
1.436 nicm 1113: .Pp
1114: If
1115: .Fl E
1116: is used,
1117: .Ic update-environment
1118: option will not be applied.
1.421 nicm 1119: .Pp
1120: .Fl T
1121: sets the client's key table; the next key from the client will be interpreted from
1122: .Ar key-table .
1123: This may be used to configure multiple prefix keys, or to bind commands to
1124: sequences of keys.
1125: For example, to make typing
1126: .Ql abc
1127: run the
1128: .Ic list-keys
1129: command:
1130: .Bd -literal -offset indent
1131: bind-key -Ttable2 c list-keys
1132: bind-key -Ttable1 b switch-client -Ttable2
1133: bind-key -Troot a switch-client -Ttable1
1134: .Ed
1.57 jmc 1135: .El
1136: .Sh WINDOWS AND PANES
1.1 nicm 1137: A
1138: .Nm
1.493 nicm 1139: window may be in one of two modes.
1.1 nicm 1140: The default permits direct access to the terminal attached to the window.
1.164 nicm 1141: The other is copy mode, which permits a section of a window or its
1142: history to be copied to a
1.1 nicm 1143: .Em paste buffer
1144: for later insertion into another window.
1145: This mode is entered with the
1146: .Ic copy-mode
1147: command, bound to
1.113 nicm 1148: .Ql \&[
1.1 nicm 1149: by default.
1.164 nicm 1150: It is also entered when a command that produces output, such as
1151: .Ic list-keys ,
1152: is executed from a key binding.
1.1 nicm 1153: .Pp
1.497 nicm 1154: Commands are sent to copy mode using the
1155: .Fl X
1156: flag to the
1157: .Ic send-keys
1158: command.
1159: When a key is pressed, copy mode automatically uses one of two key tables,
1160: depending on the
1.1 nicm 1161: .Ic mode-keys
1.497 nicm 1162: option:
1163: .Ic copy-mode
1164: for emacs, or
1165: .Ic copy-mode-vi
1166: for vi.
1167: Key tables may be viewed with the
1168: .Ic list-keys
1169: command.
1170: .Pp
1171: The following commands are supported in copy mode:
1.517 nicm 1172: .Bl -column "CommandXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX" "viXXXXXXXXXX" "emacs" -offset indent
1.497 nicm 1173: .It Sy "Command" Ta Sy "vi" Ta Sy "emacs"
1174: .It Li "append-selection" Ta "" Ta ""
1175: .It Li "append-selection-and-cancel" Ta "A" Ta ""
1176: .It Li "back-to-indentation" Ta "^" Ta "M-m"
1177: .It Li "begin-selection" Ta "Space" Ta "C-Space"
1178: .It Li "bottom-line" Ta "L" Ta ""
1179: .It Li "cancel" Ta "q" Ta "Escape"
1180: .It Li "clear-selection" Ta "Escape" Ta "C-g"
1.633 nicm 1181: .It Li "copy-end-of-line [<prefix>]" Ta "D" Ta "C-k"
1182: .It Li "copy-line [<prefix>]" Ta "" Ta ""
1183: .It Li "copy-pipe <command> [<prefix>]" Ta "" Ta ""
1.638 nicm 1184: .It Li "copy-pipe-no-clear <command> [<prefix>]" Ta "" Ta ""
1.633 nicm 1185: .It Li "copy-pipe-and-cancel <command> [<prefix>]" Ta "" Ta ""
1186: .It Li "copy-selection [<prefix>]" Ta "" Ta ""
1.638 nicm 1187: .It Li "copy-selection-no-clear [<prefix>]" Ta "" Ta ""
1.633 nicm 1188: .It Li "copy-selection-and-cancel [<prefix>]" Ta "Enter" Ta "M-w"
1.497 nicm 1189: .It Li "cursor-down" Ta "j" Ta "Down"
1190: .It Li "cursor-left" Ta "h" Ta "Left"
1191: .It Li "cursor-right" Ta "l" Ta "Right"
1192: .It Li "cursor-up" Ta "k" Ta "Up"
1193: .It Li "end-of-line" Ta "$" Ta "C-e"
1194: .It Li "goto-line <line>" Ta ":" Ta "g"
1195: .It Li "halfpage-down" Ta "C-d" Ta "M-Down"
1.589 nicm 1196: .It Li "halfpage-down-and-cancel" Ta "" Ta ""
1.497 nicm 1197: .It Li "halfpage-up" Ta "C-u" Ta "M-Up"
1.589 nicm 1198: .It Li "history-bottom" Ta "G" Ta "M->"
1199: .It Li "history-top" Ta "g" Ta "M-<"
1.497 nicm 1200: .It Li "jump-again" Ta ";" Ta ";"
1201: .It Li "jump-backward <to>" Ta "F" Ta "F"
1202: .It Li "jump-forward <to>" Ta "f" Ta "f"
1203: .It Li "jump-reverse" Ta "," Ta ","
1204: .It Li "jump-to-backward <to>" Ta "T" Ta ""
1205: .It Li "jump-to-forward <to>" Ta "t" Ta ""
1206: .It Li "middle-line" Ta "M" Ta "M-r"
1207: .It Li "next-paragraph" Ta "}" Ta "M-}"
1208: .It Li "next-space" Ta "W" Ta ""
1209: .It Li "next-space-end" Ta "E" Ta ""
1210: .It Li "next-word" Ta "w" Ta ""
1211: .It Li "next-word-end" Ta "e" Ta "M-f"
1212: .It Li "other-end" Ta "o" Ta ""
1213: .It Li "page-down" Ta "C-f" Ta "PageDown"
1.589 nicm 1214: .It Li "page-down-and-cancel" Ta "" Ta ""
1.497 nicm 1215: .It Li "page-up" Ta "C-b" Ta "PageUp"
1216: .It Li "previous-paragraph" Ta "{" Ta "M-{"
1217: .It Li "previous-space" Ta "B" Ta ""
1218: .It Li "previous-word" Ta "b" Ta "M-b"
1219: .It Li "rectangle-toggle" Ta "v" Ta "R"
1220: .It Li "scroll-down" Ta "C-e" Ta "C-Down"
1.589 nicm 1221: .It Li "scroll-down-and-cancel" Ta "" Ta ""
1.497 nicm 1222: .It Li "scroll-up" Ta "C-y" Ta "C-Up"
1223: .It Li "search-again" Ta "n" Ta "n"
1.517 nicm 1224: .It Li "search-backward <for>" Ta "?" Ta ""
1225: .It Li "search-forward <for>" Ta "/" Ta ""
1226: .It Li "search-backward-incremental <for>" Ta "" Ta "C-r"
1227: .It Li "search-forward-incremental <for>" Ta "" Ta "C-s"
1.497 nicm 1228: .It Li "search-reverse" Ta "N" Ta "N"
1229: .It Li "select-line" Ta "V" Ta ""
1.634 nicm 1230: .It Li "select-word" Ta "" Ta ""
1.497 nicm 1231: .It Li "start-of-line" Ta "0" Ta "C-a"
1.515 nicm 1232: .It Li "stop-selection" Ta "" Ta ""
1.497 nicm 1233: .It Li "top-line" Ta "H" Ta "M-R"
1.1 nicm 1234: .El
1.589 nicm 1235: .Pp
1.633 nicm 1236: Copy commands may take an optional buffer prefix argument which is used
1237: to generate the buffer name (the default is
1238: .Ql buffer
1239: so buffers are named
1240: .Ql buffer0 ,
1241: .Ql buffer1
1242: and so on).
1243: Pipe commands take a command argument which is the command to which the
1244: copied text is piped.
1.589 nicm 1245: The
1246: .Ql -and-cancel
1247: variants of some commands exit copy mode after they have completed (for copy
1248: commands) or when the cursor reaches the bottom (for scrolling commands).
1.638 nicm 1249: .Ql -no-clear
1250: variants do not clear the selection.
1.146 nicm 1251: .Pp
1252: The next and previous word keys use space and the
1253: .Ql - ,
1.154 nicm 1254: .Ql _
1.146 nicm 1255: and
1256: .Ql @
1.154 nicm 1257: characters as word delimiters by default, but this can be adjusted by
1258: setting the
1259: .Em word-separators
1.255 nicm 1260: session option.
1.146 nicm 1261: Next word moves to the start of the next word, next word end to the end of the
1262: next word and previous word to the start of the previous word.
1263: The three next and previous space keys work similarly but use a space alone as
1264: the word separator.
1.157 nicm 1265: .Pp
1266: The jump commands enable quick movement within a line.
1267: For instance, typing
1268: .Ql f
1269: followed by
1270: .Ql /
1271: will move the cursor to the next
1272: .Ql /
1273: character on the current line.
1274: A
1275: .Ql \&;
1276: will then jump to the next occurrence.
1.1 nicm 1277: .Pp
1.155 nicm 1278: Commands in copy mode may be prefaced by an optional repeat count.
1279: With vi key bindings, a prefix is entered using the number keys; with
1280: emacs, the Alt (meta) key and a number begins prefix entry.
1281: .Pp
1.164 nicm 1282: The synopsis for the
1283: .Ic copy-mode
1284: command is:
1.57 jmc 1285: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1286: .It Xo Ic copy-mode
1.450 nicm 1287: .Op Fl Meu
1.72 nicm 1288: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1.57 jmc 1289: .Xc
1290: Enter copy mode.
1291: The
1292: .Fl u
1293: option scrolls one page up.
1.419 nicm 1294: .Fl M
1295: begins a mouse drag (only valid if bound to a mouse key binding, see
1.420 jmc 1296: .Sx MOUSE SUPPORT ) .
1.450 nicm 1297: .Fl e
1298: specifies that scrolling to the bottom of the history (to the visible screen)
1299: should exit copy mode.
1300: While in copy mode, pressing a key other than those used for scrolling will
1301: disable this behaviour.
1302: This is intended to allow fast scrolling through a pane's history, for
1303: example with:
1304: .Bd -literal -offset indent
1305: bind PageUp copy-mode -eu
1306: .Ed
1.57 jmc 1307: .El
1.18 nicm 1308: .Pp
1.1 nicm 1309: Each window displayed by
1310: .Nm
1311: may be split into one or more
1312: .Em panes ;
1313: each pane takes up a certain area of the display and is a separate terminal.
1314: A window may be split into panes using the
1315: .Ic split-window
1316: command.
1.38 nicm 1317: Windows may be split horizontally (with the
1318: .Fl h
1319: flag) or vertically.
1320: Panes may be resized with the
1321: .Ic resize-pane
1.1 nicm 1322: command (bound to
1.523 nicm 1323: .Ql C-Up ,
1324: .Ql C-Down
1325: .Ql C-Left
1.38 nicm 1326: and
1.523 nicm 1327: .Ql C-Right
1.1 nicm 1328: by default), the current pane may be changed with the
1.156 nicm 1329: .Ic select-pane
1330: command and the
1.1 nicm 1331: .Ic rotate-window
1332: and
1333: .Ic swap-pane
1.38 nicm 1334: commands may be used to swap panes without changing their position.
1335: Panes are numbered beginning from zero in the order they are created.
1336: .Pp
1337: A number of preset
1338: .Em layouts
1339: are available.
1340: These may be selected with the
1341: .Ic select-layout
1342: command or cycled with
1343: .Ic next-layout
1344: (bound to
1.149 nicm 1345: .Ql Space
1.131 nicm 1346: by default); once a layout is chosen, panes within it may be moved and resized
1347: as normal.
1.1 nicm 1348: .Pp
1349: The following layouts are supported:
1350: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1351: .It Ic even-horizontal
1352: Panes are spread out evenly from left to right across the window.
1353: .It Ic even-vertical
1354: Panes are spread evenly from top to bottom.
1.2 nicm 1355: .It Ic main-horizontal
1.131 nicm 1356: A large (main) pane is shown at the top of the window and the remaining panes
1357: are spread from left to right in the leftover space at the bottom.
1.2 nicm 1358: Use the
1359: .Em main-pane-height
1360: window option to specify the height of the top pane.
1.1 nicm 1361: .It Ic main-vertical
1.2 nicm 1362: Similar to
1363: .Ic main-horizontal
1364: but the large pane is placed on the left and the others spread from top to
1365: bottom along the right.
1366: See the
1367: .Em main-pane-width
1368: window option.
1.165 nicm 1369: .It Ic tiled
1370: Panes are spread out as evenly as possible over the window in both rows and
1371: columns.
1.1 nicm 1372: .El
1.8 nicm 1373: .Pp
1.181 nicm 1374: In addition,
1375: .Ic select-layout
1376: may be used to apply a previously used layout - the
1377: .Ic list-windows
1378: command displays the layout of each window in a form suitable for use with
1379: .Ic select-layout .
1380: For example:
1381: .Bd -literal -offset indent
1382: $ tmux list-windows
1383: 0: ksh [159x48]
1384: layout: bb62,159x48,0,0{79x48,0,0,79x48,80,0}
1385: $ tmux select-layout bb62,159x48,0,0{79x48,0,0,79x48,80,0}
1386: .Ed
1.196 nicm 1387: .Pp
1.181 nicm 1388: .Nm
1389: automatically adjusts the size of the layout for the current window size.
1390: Note that a layout cannot be applied to a window with more panes than that
1391: from which the layout was originally defined.
1392: .Pp
1.57 jmc 1393: Commands related to windows and panes are as follows:
1394: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1395: .It Xo Ic break-pane
1.280 nicm 1396: .Op Fl dP
1397: .Op Fl F Ar format
1.532 nicm 1398: .Op Fl n Ar window-name
1.440 nicm 1399: .Op Fl s Ar src-pane
1.480 nicm 1400: .Op Fl t Ar dst-window
1.57 jmc 1401: .Xc
1402: .D1 (alias: Ic breakp )
1403: Break
1.440 nicm 1404: .Ar src-pane
1405: off from its containing window to make it the only pane in
1406: .Ar dst-window .
1.57 jmc 1407: If
1408: .Fl d
1409: is given, the new window does not become the current window.
1.280 nicm 1410: The
1411: .Fl P
1412: option prints information about the new window after it has been created.
1413: By default, it uses the format
1414: .Ql #{session_name}:#{window_index}
1415: but a different format may be specified with
1416: .Fl F .
1.128 nicm 1417: .It Xo Ic capture-pane
1.506 nicm 1418: .Op Fl aepPqCJ
1.392 nicm 1419: .Op Fl b Ar buffer-name
1.213 nicm 1420: .Op Fl E Ar end-line
1421: .Op Fl S Ar start-line
1.128 nicm 1422: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1423: .Xc
1424: .D1 (alias: Ic capturep )
1.322 nicm 1425: Capture the contents of a pane.
1426: If
1427: .Fl p
1.325 nicm 1428: is given, the output goes to stdout, otherwise to the buffer specified with
1.322 nicm 1429: .Fl b
1430: or a new buffer if omitted.
1.339 nicm 1431: If
1432: .Fl a
1433: is given, the alternate screen is used, and the history is not accessible.
1.340 nicm 1434: If no alternate screen exists, an error will be returned unless
1435: .Fl q
1436: is given.
1.326 nicm 1437: If
1438: .Fl e
1.328 nicm 1439: is given, the output includes escape sequences for text and background
1440: attributes.
1441: .Fl C
1.330 nicm 1442: also escapes non-printable characters as octal \exxx.
1.328 nicm 1443: .Fl J
1.341 nicm 1444: joins wrapped lines and preserves trailing spaces at each line's end.
1.346 nicm 1445: .Fl P
1446: captures only any output that the pane has received that is the beginning of an
1447: as-yet incomplete escape sequence.
1.213 nicm 1448: .Pp
1449: .Fl S
1450: and
1451: .Fl E
1452: specify the starting and ending line numbers, zero is the first line of the
1453: visible pane and negative numbers are lines in the history.
1.397 nicm 1454: .Ql -
1455: to
1456: .Fl S
1457: is the start of the history and to
1458: .Fl E
1459: the end of the visible pane.
1.213 nicm 1460: The default is to capture only the visible contents of the pane.
1.76 nicm 1461: .It Xo
1462: .Ic choose-client
1.593 nicm 1463: .Op Fl NZ
1.572 nicm 1464: .Op Fl F Ar format
1.562 nicm 1465: .Op Fl f Ar filter
1.561 nicm 1466: .Op Fl O Ar sort-order
1.555 nicm 1467: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1.76 nicm 1468: .Op Ar template
1469: .Xc
1.555 nicm 1470: Put a pane into client mode, allowing a client to be selected interactively from
1471: a list.
1.593 nicm 1472: .Fl Z
1473: zooms the pane.
1.555 nicm 1474: The following keys may be used in client mode:
1475: .Bl -column "Key" "Function" -offset indent
1476: .It Sy "Key" Ta Sy "Function"
1477: .It Li "Enter" Ta "Choose selected client"
1478: .It Li "Up" Ta "Select previous client"
1479: .It Li "Down" Ta "Select next client"
1.559 nicm 1480: .It Li "C-s" Ta "Search by name"
1481: .It Li "n" Ta "Repeat last search"
1.555 nicm 1482: .It Li "t" Ta "Toggle if client is tagged"
1483: .It Li "T" Ta "Tag no clients"
1484: .It Li "C-t" Ta "Tag all clients"
1485: .It Li "d" Ta "Detach selected client"
1486: .It Li "D" Ta "Detach tagged clients"
1487: .It Li "x" Ta "Detach and HUP selected client"
1488: .It Li "X" Ta "Detach and HUP tagged clients"
1489: .It Li "z" Ta "Suspend selected client"
1490: .It Li "Z" Ta "Suspend tagged clients"
1.562 nicm 1491: .It Li "f" Ta "Enter a format to filter items"
1.555 nicm 1492: .It Li "O" Ta "Change sort order"
1.576 nicm 1493: .It Li "v" Ta "Toggle preview"
1.555 nicm 1494: .It Li "q" Ta "Exit mode"
1495: .El
1496: .Pp
1.76 nicm 1497: After a client is chosen,
1498: .Ql %%
1.555 nicm 1499: is replaced by the client name in
1.76 nicm 1500: .Ar template
1501: and the result executed as a command.
1502: If
1503: .Ar template
1504: is not given, "detach-client -t '%%'" is used.
1.555 nicm 1505: .Pp
1.561 nicm 1506: .Fl O
1507: specifies the initial sort order: one of
1508: .Ql name ,
1509: .Ql size ,
1510: .Ql creation ,
1511: or
1512: .Ql activity .
1.562 nicm 1513: .Fl f
1.579 nicm 1514: specifies an initial filter: the filter is a format - if it evaluates to zero,
1515: the item in the list is not shown, otherwise it is shown.
1516: If a filter would lead to an empty list, it is ignored.
1.572 nicm 1517: .Fl F
1518: specifies the format for each item in the list.
1.576 nicm 1519: .Fl N
1520: starts without the preview.
1.314 nicm 1521: This command works only if at least one client is attached.
1.76 nicm 1522: .It Xo
1.555 nicm 1523: .Ic choose-tree
1.593 nicm 1524: .Op Fl GNswZ
1.572 nicm 1525: .Op Fl F Ar format
1.562 nicm 1526: .Op Fl f Ar filter
1.561 nicm 1527: .Op Fl O Ar sort-order
1.555 nicm 1528: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1.76 nicm 1529: .Op Ar template
1530: .Xc
1.555 nicm 1531: Put a pane into tree mode, where a session, window or pane may be chosen
1.76 nicm 1532: interactively from a list.
1.298 nicm 1533: .Fl s
1.555 nicm 1534: starts with sessions collapsed and
1.298 nicm 1535: .Fl w
1.555 nicm 1536: with windows collapsed.
1.593 nicm 1537: .Fl Z
1538: zooms the pane.
1.555 nicm 1539: The following keys may be used in tree mode:
1540: .Bl -column "Key" "Function" -offset indent
1541: .It Sy "Key" Ta Sy "Function"
1542: .It Li "Enter" Ta "Choose selected item"
1543: .It Li "Up" Ta "Select previous item"
1544: .It Li "Down" Ta "Select next item"
1.594 nicm 1545: .It Li "x" Ta "Kill selected item"
1546: .It Li "X" Ta "Kill tagged items"
1.566 nicm 1547: .It Li "<" Ta "Scroll list of previews left"
1548: .It Li ">" Ta "Scroll list of previews right"
1.559 nicm 1549: .It Li "C-s" Ta "Search by name"
1550: .It Li "n" Ta "Repeat last search"
1.555 nicm 1551: .It Li "t" Ta "Toggle if item is tagged"
1552: .It Li "T" Ta "Tag no items"
1553: .It Li "C-t" Ta "Tag all items"
1.557 nicm 1554: .It Li "\&:" Ta "Run a command for each tagged item"
1.555 nicm 1555: .It Li "f" Ta "Enter a format to filter items"
1556: .It Li "O" Ta "Change sort order"
1.576 nicm 1557: .It Li "v" Ta "Toggle preview"
1.555 nicm 1558: .It Li "q" Ta "Exit mode"
1559: .El
1.320 nicm 1560: .Pp
1.555 nicm 1561: After a session, window or pane is chosen,
1.76 nicm 1562: .Ql %%
1.555 nicm 1563: is replaced by the target in
1.76 nicm 1564: .Ar template
1565: and the result executed as a command.
1566: If
1567: .Ar template
1.555 nicm 1568: is not given, "switch-client -t '%%'" is used.
1569: .Pp
1.561 nicm 1570: .Fl O
1571: specifies the initial sort order: one of
1572: .Ql index ,
1573: .Ql name ,
1574: or
1575: .Ql time .
1.562 nicm 1576: .Fl f
1.579 nicm 1577: specifies an initial filter: the filter is a format - if it evaluates to zero,
1578: the item in the list is not shown, otherwise it is shown.
1579: If a filter would lead to an empty list, it is ignored.
1.572 nicm 1580: .Fl F
1581: specifies the format for each item in the tree.
1.576 nicm 1582: .Fl N
1583: starts without the preview.
1.586 nicm 1584: .Fl G
1585: includes all sessions in any session groups in the tree rather than only the
1586: first.
1.314 nicm 1587: This command works only if at least one client is attached.
1.491 nicm 1588: .It Xo
1589: .Ic display-panes
1.616 nicm 1590: .Op Fl b
1.573 nicm 1591: .Op Fl d Ar duration
1.491 nicm 1592: .Op Fl t Ar target-client
1593: .Op Ar template
1594: .Xc
1.398 nicm 1595: .D1 (alias: Ic displayp )
1.78 nicm 1596: Display a visible indicator of each pane shown by
1597: .Ar target-client .
1598: See the
1.573 nicm 1599: .Ic display-panes-colour
1.78 nicm 1600: and
1.145 nicm 1601: .Ic display-panes-active-colour
1.78 nicm 1602: session options.
1.573 nicm 1603: The indicator is closed when a key is pressed or
1604: .Ar duration
1605: milliseconds have passed.
1606: If
1607: .Fl d
1608: is not given,
1609: .Ic display-panes-time
1610: is used.
1611: A duration of zero means the indicator stays until a key is pressed.
1.491 nicm 1612: While the indicator is on screen, a pane may be chosen with the
1.84 nicm 1613: .Ql 0
1614: to
1615: .Ql 9
1.491 nicm 1616: keys, which will cause
1617: .Ar template
1618: to be executed as a command with
1619: .Ql %%
1620: substituted by the pane ID.
1621: The default
1622: .Ar template
1623: is "select-pane -t '%%'".
1.616 nicm 1624: With
1625: .Fl b ,
1626: other commands are not blocked from running until the indicator is closed.
1.57 jmc 1627: .It Xo Ic find-window
1.608 nicm 1628: .Op Fl CNTZ
1.555 nicm 1629: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1.57 jmc 1630: .Ar match-string
1631: .Xc
1632: .D1 (alias: Ic findw )
1633: Search for the
1634: .Xr fnmatch 3
1635: pattern
1636: .Ar match-string
1637: in window names, titles, and visible content (but not history).
1.285 nicm 1638: The flags control matching behavior:
1639: .Fl C
1640: matches only visible window contents,
1641: .Fl N
1642: matches only the window name and
1643: .Fl T
1644: matches only the window title.
1645: The default is
1646: .Fl CNT .
1.608 nicm 1647: .Fl Z
1648: zooms the pane.
1.555 nicm 1649: .Pp
1.314 nicm 1650: This command works only if at least one client is attached.
1.137 nicm 1651: .It Xo Ic join-pane
1.277 nicm 1652: .Op Fl bdhv
1.137 nicm 1653: .Oo Fl l
1654: .Ar size |
1655: .Fl p Ar percentage Oc
1656: .Op Fl s Ar src-pane
1657: .Op Fl t Ar dst-pane
1658: .Xc
1659: .D1 (alias: Ic joinp )
1660: Like
1661: .Ic split-window ,
1662: but instead of splitting
1663: .Ar dst-pane
1664: and creating a new pane, split it and move
1665: .Ar src-pane
1666: into the space.
1667: This can be used to reverse
1668: .Ic break-pane .
1.277 nicm 1669: The
1670: .Fl b
1671: option causes
1672: .Ar src-pane
1673: to be joined to left of or above
1674: .Ar dst-pane .
1.432 nicm 1675: .Pp
1676: If
1677: .Fl s
1678: is omitted and a marked pane is present (see
1679: .Ic select-pane
1680: .Fl m ) ,
1681: the marked pane is used rather than the current pane.
1.112 nicm 1682: .It Xo Ic kill-pane
1683: .Op Fl a
1684: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1685: .Xc
1.57 jmc 1686: .D1 (alias: Ic killp )
1687: Destroy the given pane.
1688: If no panes remain in the containing window, it is also destroyed.
1.112 nicm 1689: The
1690: .Fl a
1691: option kills all but the pane given with
1692: .Fl t .
1.289 nicm 1693: .It Xo Ic kill-window
1694: .Op Fl a
1695: .Op Fl t Ar target-window
1696: .Xc
1.57 jmc 1697: .D1 (alias: Ic killw )
1698: Kill the current window or the window at
1699: .Ar target-window ,
1.1 nicm 1700: removing it from any sessions to which it is linked.
1.289 nicm 1701: The
1702: .Fl a
1703: option kills all but the window given with
1704: .Fl t .
1.398 nicm 1705: .It Xo Ic last-pane
1706: .Op Fl de
1707: .Op Fl t Ar target-window
1708: .Xc
1.187 nicm 1709: .D1 (alias: Ic lastp )
1710: Select the last (previously selected) pane.
1.398 nicm 1711: .Fl e
1712: enables or
1713: .Fl d
1714: disables input to the pane.
1.56 jmc 1715: .It Ic last-window Op Fl t Ar target-session
1.1 nicm 1716: .D1 (alias: Ic last )
1717: Select the last (previously selected) window.
1718: If no
1719: .Ar target-session
1720: is specified, select the last window of the current session.
1721: .It Xo Ic link-window
1.439 nicm 1722: .Op Fl adk
1.1 nicm 1723: .Op Fl s Ar src-window
1724: .Op Fl t Ar dst-window
1725: .Xc
1726: .D1 (alias: Ic linkw )
1727: Link the window at
1728: .Ar src-window
1729: to the specified
1730: .Ar dst-window .
1731: If
1732: .Ar dst-window
1733: is specified and no such window exists, the
1734: .Ar src-window
1735: is linked there.
1.439 nicm 1736: With
1737: .Fl a ,
1738: the window is moved to the next index up (following windows
1739: are moved if necessary).
1.1 nicm 1740: If
1741: .Fl k
1742: is given and
1743: .Ar dst-window
1744: exists, it is killed, otherwise an error is generated.
1745: If
1746: .Fl d
1747: is given, the newly linked window is not selected.
1.214 nicm 1748: .It Xo Ic list-panes
1749: .Op Fl as
1.245 nicm 1750: .Op Fl F Ar format
1.214 nicm 1751: .Op Fl t Ar target
1752: .Xc
1.104 nicm 1753: .D1 (alias: Ic lsp )
1.214 nicm 1754: If
1755: .Fl a
1756: is given,
1757: .Ar target
1758: is ignored and all panes on the server are listed.
1759: If
1760: .Fl s
1761: is given,
1762: .Ar target
1763: is a session (or the current session).
1764: If neither is given,
1765: .Ar target
1766: is a window (or the current window).
1.247 nicm 1767: For the meaning of the
1768: .Fl F
1769: flag, see the
1770: .Sx FORMATS
1771: section.
1.214 nicm 1772: .It Xo Ic list-windows
1773: .Op Fl a
1.245 nicm 1774: .Op Fl F Ar format
1.214 nicm 1775: .Op Fl t Ar target-session
1776: .Xc
1.1 nicm 1777: .D1 (alias: Ic lsw )
1.214 nicm 1778: If
1779: .Fl a
1780: is given, list all windows on the server.
1781: Otherwise, list windows in the current session or in
1.1 nicm 1782: .Ar target-session .
1.245 nicm 1783: For the meaning of the
1784: .Fl F
1785: flag, see the
1786: .Sx FORMATS
1787: section.
1.277 nicm 1788: .It Xo Ic move-pane
1789: .Op Fl bdhv
1790: .Oo Fl l
1791: .Ar size |
1792: .Fl p Ar percentage Oc
1793: .Op Fl s Ar src-pane
1794: .Op Fl t Ar dst-pane
1795: .Xc
1796: .D1 (alias: Ic movep )
1797: Like
1798: .Ic join-pane ,
1799: but
1800: .Ar src-pane
1801: and
1802: .Ar dst-pane
1803: may belong to the same window.
1.1 nicm 1804: .It Xo Ic move-window
1.439 nicm 1805: .Op Fl ardk
1.1 nicm 1806: .Op Fl s Ar src-window
1807: .Op Fl t Ar dst-window
1808: .Xc
1809: .D1 (alias: Ic movew )
1810: This is similar to
1811: .Ic link-window ,
1812: except the window at
1813: .Ar src-window
1814: is moved to
1815: .Ar dst-window .
1.291 nicm 1816: With
1817: .Fl r ,
1818: all windows in the session are renumbered in sequential order, respecting
1819: the
1820: .Ic base-index
1821: option.
1.1 nicm 1822: .It Xo Ic new-window
1.201 nicm 1823: .Op Fl adkP
1.272 nicm 1824: .Op Fl c Ar start-directory
1.641 nicm 1825: .Op Fl e Ar environment
1.351 nicm 1826: .Op Fl F Ar format
1.1 nicm 1827: .Op Fl n Ar window-name
1828: .Op Fl t Ar target-window
1.153 nicm 1829: .Op Ar shell-command
1.1 nicm 1830: .Xc
1831: .D1 (alias: Ic neww )
1832: Create a new window.
1.160 nicm 1833: With
1834: .Fl a ,
1835: the new window is inserted at the next index up from the specified
1836: .Ar target-window ,
1837: moving windows up if necessary,
1838: otherwise
1839: .Ar target-window
1840: is the new window location.
1841: .Pp
1.1 nicm 1842: If
1843: .Fl d
1844: is given, the session does not make the new window the current window.
1845: .Ar target-window
1.28 nicm 1846: represents the window to be created; if the target already exists an error is
1847: shown, unless the
1848: .Fl k
1849: flag is used, in which case it is destroyed.
1.153 nicm 1850: .Ar shell-command
1.1 nicm 1851: is the command to execute.
1852: If
1.153 nicm 1853: .Ar shell-command
1854: is not specified, the value of the
1855: .Ic default-command
1856: option is used.
1.272 nicm 1857: .Fl c
1858: specifies the working directory in which the new window is created.
1.153 nicm 1859: .Pp
1860: When the shell command completes, the window closes.
1861: See the
1862: .Ic remain-on-exit
1863: option to change this behaviour.
1.1 nicm 1864: .Pp
1.641 nicm 1865: .Fl e
1866: takes the form
1867: .Ql VARIABLE=value
1868: and sets an environment variable for the newly created window; it may be
1869: specified multiple times.
1870: .Pp
1.1 nicm 1871: The
1872: .Ev TERM
1873: environment variable must be set to
1.523 nicm 1874: .Ql screen
1875: or
1876: .Ql tmux
1.1 nicm 1877: for all programs running
1878: .Em inside
1879: .Nm .
1880: New windows will automatically have
1.523 nicm 1881: .Ql TERM=screen
1.1 nicm 1882: added to their environment, but care must be taken not to reset this in shell
1.641 nicm 1883: start-up files or by the
1884: .Fl e
1885: option.
1.201 nicm 1886: .Pp
1887: The
1888: .Fl P
1.279 nicm 1889: option prints information about the new window after it has been created.
1890: By default, it uses the format
1891: .Ql #{session_name}:#{window_index}
1892: but a different format may be specified with
1893: .Fl F .
1.56 jmc 1894: .It Ic next-layout Op Fl t Ar target-window
1.1 nicm 1895: .D1 (alias: Ic nextl )
1896: Move a window to the next layout and rearrange the panes to fit.
1897: .It Xo Ic next-window
1.9 nicm 1898: .Op Fl a
1.1 nicm 1899: .Op Fl t Ar target-session
1900: .Xc
1901: .D1 (alias: Ic next )
1902: Move to the next window in the session.
1.9 nicm 1903: If
1.12 jmc 1904: .Fl a
1.295 nicm 1905: is used, move to the next window with an alert.
1.107 nicm 1906: .It Xo Ic pipe-pane
1.591 nicm 1907: .Op Fl IOo
1.107 nicm 1908: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1.153 nicm 1909: .Op Ar shell-command
1.107 nicm 1910: .Xc
1911: .D1 (alias: Ic pipep )
1.591 nicm 1912: Pipe output sent by the program in
1.107 nicm 1913: .Ar target-pane
1.591 nicm 1914: to a shell command or vice versa.
1915: A pane may only be connected to one command at a time, any existing pipe is
1.107 nicm 1916: closed before
1.153 nicm 1917: .Ar shell-command
1.107 nicm 1918: is executed.
1.174 nicm 1919: The
1920: .Ar shell-command
1921: string may contain the special character sequences supported by the
1922: .Ic status-left
1.231 nicm 1923: option.
1.107 nicm 1924: If no
1.153 nicm 1925: .Ar shell-command
1.107 nicm 1926: is given, the current pipe (if any) is closed.
1.591 nicm 1927: .Pp
1928: .Fl I
1929: and
1930: .Fl O
1931: specify which of the
1932: .Ar shell-command
1933: output streams are connected to the pane:
1934: with
1935: .Fl I
1936: stdout is connected (so anything
1937: .Ar shell-command
1938: prints is written to the pane as if it were typed);
1939: with
1940: .Fl O
1941: stdin is connected (so any output in the pane is piped to
1942: .Ar shell-command ) .
1943: Both may be used together and if neither are specified,
1944: .Fl O
1945: is used.
1.107 nicm 1946: .Pp
1947: The
1948: .Fl o
1949: option only opens a new pipe if no previous pipe exists, allowing a pipe to
1950: be toggled with a single key, for example:
1951: .Bd -literal -offset indent
1.174 nicm 1952: bind-key C-p pipe-pane -o 'cat >>~/output.#I-#P'
1.107 nicm 1953: .Ed
1.176 nicm 1954: .It Xo Ic previous-layout
1955: .Op Fl t Ar target-window
1956: .Xc
1957: .D1 (alias: Ic prevl )
1958: Move to the previous layout in the session.
1.1 nicm 1959: .It Xo Ic previous-window
1.9 nicm 1960: .Op Fl a
1.1 nicm 1961: .Op Fl t Ar target-session
1962: .Xc
1963: .D1 (alias: Ic prev )
1964: Move to the previous window in the session.
1.9 nicm 1965: With
1966: .Fl a ,
1.295 nicm 1967: move to the previous window with an alert.
1.1 nicm 1968: .It Xo Ic rename-window
1969: .Op Fl t Ar target-window
1970: .Ar new-name
1971: .Xc
1972: .D1 (alias: Ic renamew )
1973: Rename the current window, or the window at
1974: .Ar target-window
1975: if specified, to
1976: .Ar new-name .
1977: .It Xo Ic resize-pane
1.419 nicm 1978: .Op Fl DLMRUZ
1.52 nicm 1979: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1.324 nicm 1980: .Op Fl x Ar width
1981: .Op Fl y Ar height
1.1 nicm 1982: .Op Ar adjustment
1983: .Xc
1984: .D1 (alias: Ic resizep )
1.324 nicm 1985: Resize a pane, up, down, left or right by
1986: .Ar adjustment
1987: with
1988: .Fl U ,
1.57 jmc 1989: .Fl D ,
1990: .Fl L
1.324 nicm 1991: or
1992: .Fl R ,
1993: or
1994: to an absolute size
1995: with
1996: .Fl x
1997: or
1998: .Fl y .
1.57 jmc 1999: The
2000: .Ar adjustment
2001: is given in lines or cells (the default is 1).
1.337 nicm 2002: .Pp
2003: With
2004: .Fl Z ,
1.349 nicm 2005: the active pane is toggled between zoomed (occupying the whole of the window)
2006: and unzoomed (its normal position in the layout).
1.419 nicm 2007: .Pp
2008: .Fl M
2009: begins mouse resizing (only valid if bound to a mouse key binding, see
1.420 jmc 2010: .Sx MOUSE SUPPORT ) .
1.629 nicm 2011: .It Xo Ic resize-window
2012: .Op Fl aADLRU
2013: .Op Fl t Ar target-window
2014: .Op Fl x Ar width
2015: .Op Fl y Ar height
2016: .Op Ar adjustment
2017: .Xc
2018: .D1 (alias: Ic resizew )
2019: Resize a window, up, down, left or right by
2020: .Ar adjustment
2021: with
2022: .Fl U ,
2023: .Fl D ,
2024: .Fl L
2025: or
2026: .Fl R ,
2027: or
2028: to an absolute size
2029: with
2030: .Fl x
2031: or
2032: .Fl y .
2033: The
2034: .Ar adjustment
2035: is given in lines or cells (the default is 1).
2036: .Fl A
2037: sets the size of the largest session containing the window;
2038: .Fl a
2039: the size of the smallest.
2040: This command will automatically set
2041: .Ic window-size
2042: to manual in the window options.
1.234 nicm 2043: .It Xo Ic respawn-pane
1.641 nicm 2044: .Op Fl k
1.568 nicm 2045: .Op Fl c Ar start-directory
1.641 nicm 2046: .Op Fl e Ar environment
1.234 nicm 2047: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
2048: .Op Ar shell-command
2049: .Xc
2050: .D1 (alias: Ic respawnp )
2051: Reactivate a pane in which the command has exited (see the
2052: .Ic remain-on-exit
2053: window option).
2054: If
2055: .Ar shell-command
2056: is not given, the command used when the pane was created is executed.
2057: The pane must be already inactive, unless
2058: .Fl k
2059: is given, in which case any existing command is killed.
1.568 nicm 2060: .Fl c
2061: specifies a new working directory for the pane.
1.641 nicm 2062: The
2063: .Fl e
2064: option has the same meaning as for the
2065: .Ic new-window
2066: command.
1.57 jmc 2067: .It Xo Ic respawn-window
1.641 nicm 2068: .Op Fl k
1.568 nicm 2069: .Op Fl c Ar start-directory
1.641 nicm 2070: .Op Fl e Ar environment
1.57 jmc 2071: .Op Fl t Ar target-window
1.153 nicm 2072: .Op Ar shell-command
1.57 jmc 2073: .Xc
2074: .D1 (alias: Ic respawnw )
1.153 nicm 2075: Reactivate a window in which the command has exited (see the
1.57 jmc 2076: .Ic remain-on-exit
2077: window option).
2078: If
1.153 nicm 2079: .Ar shell-command
1.57 jmc 2080: is not given, the command used when the window was created is executed.
2081: The window must be already inactive, unless
2082: .Fl k
2083: is given, in which case any existing command is killed.
1.568 nicm 2084: .Fl c
2085: specifies a new working directory for the window.
1.641 nicm 2086: The
2087: .Fl e
2088: option has the same meaning as for the
2089: .Ic new-window
2090: command.
1.57 jmc 2091: .It Xo Ic rotate-window
2092: .Op Fl DU
2093: .Op Fl t Ar target-window
2094: .Xc
2095: .D1 (alias: Ic rotatew )
2096: Rotate the positions of the panes within a window, either upward (numerically
2097: lower) with
2098: .Fl U
2099: or downward (numerically higher).
2100: .It Xo Ic select-layout
1.588 nicm 2101: .Op Fl Enop
2102: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1.57 jmc 2103: .Op Ar layout-name
2104: .Xc
1.176 nicm 2105: .D1 (alias: Ic selectl )
1.57 jmc 2106: Choose a specific layout for a window.
2107: If
2108: .Ar layout-name
1.181 nicm 2109: is not given, the last preset layout used (if any) is reapplied.
1.204 nicm 2110: .Fl n
2111: and
2112: .Fl p
2113: are equivalent to the
2114: .Ic next-layout
2115: and
2116: .Ic previous-layout
2117: commands.
1.424 nicm 2118: .Fl o
2119: applies the last set layout if possible (undoes the most recent layout change).
1.588 nicm 2120: .Fl E
2121: spreads the current pane and any panes next to it out evenly.
1.156 nicm 2122: .It Xo Ic select-pane
1.432 nicm 2123: .Op Fl DdegLlMmRU
1.418 nicm 2124: .Op Fl P Ar style
1.577 nicm 2125: .Op Fl T Ar title
1.156 nicm 2126: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
2127: .Xc
1.57 jmc 2128: .D1 (alias: Ic selectp )
2129: Make pane
2130: .Ar target-pane
2131: the active pane in window
1.418 nicm 2132: .Ar target-window ,
1.420 jmc 2133: or set its style (with
1.418 nicm 2134: .Fl P ) .
1.156 nicm 2135: If one of
2136: .Fl D ,
2137: .Fl L ,
2138: .Fl R ,
2139: or
2140: .Fl U
2141: is used, respectively the pane below, to the left, to the right, or above the
2142: target pane is used.
1.204 nicm 2143: .Fl l
2144: is the same as using the
2145: .Ic last-pane
2146: command.
1.398 nicm 2147: .Fl e
2148: enables or
2149: .Fl d
2150: disables input to the pane.
1.418 nicm 2151: .Pp
1.432 nicm 2152: .Fl m
2153: and
2154: .Fl M
2155: are used to set and clear the
2156: .Em marked pane .
2157: There is one marked pane at a time, setting a new marked pane clears the last.
2158: The marked pane is the default target for
2159: .Fl s
2160: to
2161: .Ic join-pane ,
2162: .Ic swap-pane
2163: and
2164: .Ic swap-window .
2165: .Pp
1.418 nicm 2166: Each pane has a style: by default the
2167: .Ic window-style
2168: and
2169: .Ic window-active-style
2170: options are used,
2171: .Ic select-pane
2172: .Fl P
2173: sets the style for a single pane.
2174: For example, to set the pane 1 background to red:
2175: .Bd -literal -offset indent
2176: select-pane -t:.1 -P 'bg=red'
2177: .Ed
2178: .Pp
2179: .Fl g
2180: shows the current pane style.
1.577 nicm 2181: .Pp
2182: .Fl T
2183: sets the pane title.
1.204 nicm 2184: .It Xo Ic select-window
1.310 nicm 2185: .Op Fl lnpT
1.204 nicm 2186: .Op Fl t Ar target-window
2187: .Xc
1.57 jmc 2188: .D1 (alias: Ic selectw )
2189: Select the window at
2190: .Ar target-window .
1.204 nicm 2191: .Fl l ,
2192: .Fl n
2193: and
2194: .Fl p
2195: are equivalent to the
2196: .Ic last-window ,
2197: .Ic next-window
2198: and
2199: .Ic previous-window
2200: commands.
1.310 nicm 2201: If
2202: .Fl T
2203: is given and the selected window is already the current window,
2204: the command behaves like
2205: .Ic last-window .
1.57 jmc 2206: .It Xo Ic split-window
1.502 nicm 2207: .Op Fl bdfhvP
1.272 nicm 2208: .Op Fl c Ar start-directory
1.641 nicm 2209: .Op Fl e Ar environment
1.57 jmc 2210: .Oo Fl l
2211: .Ar size |
2212: .Fl p Ar percentage Oc
1.136 nicm 2213: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1.153 nicm 2214: .Op Ar shell-command
1.279 nicm 2215: .Op Fl F Ar format
1.57 jmc 2216: .Xc
1.176 nicm 2217: .D1 (alias: Ic splitw )
1.136 nicm 2218: Create a new pane by splitting
2219: .Ar target-pane :
1.57 jmc 2220: .Fl h
2221: does a horizontal split and
2222: .Fl v
2223: a vertical split; if neither is specified,
2224: .Fl v
2225: is assumed.
2226: The
2227: .Fl l
2228: and
2229: .Fl p
1.136 nicm 2230: options specify the size of the new pane in lines (for vertical split) or in
1.57 jmc 2231: cells (for horizontal split), or as a percentage, respectively.
1.408 nicm 2232: The
2233: .Fl b
2234: option causes the new pane to be created to the left of or above
2235: .Ar target-pane .
1.494 nicm 2236: The
2237: .Fl f
2238: option creates a new pane spanning the full window height (with
2239: .Fl h )
2240: or full window width (with
2241: .Fl v ) ,
2242: instead of splitting the active pane.
1.136 nicm 2243: All other options have the same meaning as for the
1.57 jmc 2244: .Ic new-window
2245: command.
2246: .It Xo Ic swap-pane
2247: .Op Fl dDU
2248: .Op Fl s Ar src-pane
2249: .Op Fl t Ar dst-pane
2250: .Xc
2251: .D1 (alias: Ic swapp )
2252: Swap two panes.
2253: If
2254: .Fl U
2255: is used and no source pane is specified with
2256: .Fl s ,
2257: .Ar dst-pane
2258: is swapped with the previous pane (before it numerically);
2259: .Fl D
2260: swaps with the next pane (after it numerically).
1.138 nicm 2261: .Fl d
2262: instructs
2263: .Nm
2264: not to change the active pane.
1.432 nicm 2265: .Pp
2266: If
2267: .Fl s
2268: is omitted and a marked pane is present (see
2269: .Ic select-pane
2270: .Fl m ) ,
2271: the marked pane is used rather than the current pane.
1.57 jmc 2272: .It Xo Ic swap-window
2273: .Op Fl d
2274: .Op Fl s Ar src-window
2275: .Op Fl t Ar dst-window
2276: .Xc
2277: .D1 (alias: Ic swapw )
2278: This is similar to
2279: .Ic link-window ,
2280: except the source and destination windows are swapped.
2281: It is an error if no window exists at
2282: .Ar src-window .
1.432 nicm 2283: .Pp
2284: Like
2285: .Ic swap-pane ,
2286: if
2287: .Fl s
2288: is omitted and a marked pane is present (see
2289: .Ic select-pane
2290: .Fl m ) ,
2291: the window containing the marked pane is used rather than the current window.
1.57 jmc 2292: .It Xo Ic unlink-window
1.1 nicm 2293: .Op Fl k
2294: .Op Fl t Ar target-window
2295: .Xc
1.57 jmc 2296: .D1 (alias: Ic unlinkw )
2297: Unlink
2298: .Ar target-window .
2299: Unless
2300: .Fl k
2301: is given, a window may be unlinked only if it is linked to multiple sessions -
2302: windows may not be linked to no sessions;
2303: if
1.1 nicm 2304: .Fl k
1.57 jmc 2305: is specified and the window is linked to only one session, it is unlinked and
2306: destroyed.
2307: .El
2308: .Sh KEY BINDINGS
1.93 nicm 2309: .Nm
2310: allows a command to be bound to most keys, with or without a prefix key.
2311: When specifying keys, most represent themselves (for example
2312: .Ql A
2313: to
1.95 jmc 2314: .Ql Z ) .
1.93 nicm 2315: Ctrl keys may be prefixed with
2316: .Ql C-
2317: or
1.95 jmc 2318: .Ql ^ ,
2319: and Alt (meta) with
1.93 nicm 2320: .Ql M- .
2321: In addition, the following special key names are accepted:
1.126 nicm 2322: .Em Up ,
2323: .Em Down ,
2324: .Em Left ,
2325: .Em Right ,
1.93 nicm 2326: .Em BSpace ,
2327: .Em BTab ,
2328: .Em DC
2329: (Delete),
2330: .Em End ,
2331: .Em Enter ,
2332: .Em Escape ,
2333: .Em F1
2334: to
1.402 nicm 2335: .Em F12 ,
1.93 nicm 2336: .Em Home ,
2337: .Em IC
2338: (Insert),
1.254 nicm 2339: .Em NPage/PageDown/PgDn ,
2340: .Em PPage/PageUp/PgUp ,
1.93 nicm 2341: .Em Space ,
2342: and
2343: .Em Tab .
2344: Note that to bind the
2345: .Ql \&"
2346: or
2347: .Ql '
2348: keys, quotation marks are necessary, for example:
2349: .Bd -literal -offset indent
2350: bind-key '"' split-window
1.167 nicm 2351: bind-key "'" new-window
1.93 nicm 2352: .Ed
2353: .Pp
1.57 jmc 2354: Commands related to key bindings are as follows:
2355: .Bl -tag -width Ds
2356: .It Xo Ic bind-key
1.501 nicm 2357: .Op Fl nr
1.421 nicm 2358: .Op Fl T Ar key-table
1.57 jmc 2359: .Ar key Ar command Op Ar arguments
1.1 nicm 2360: .Xc
1.57 jmc 2361: .D1 (alias: Ic bind )
2362: Bind key
2363: .Ar key
2364: to
2365: .Ar command .
1.421 nicm 2366: Keys are bound in a key table.
2367: By default (without -T), the key is bound in
2368: the
2369: .Em prefix
2370: key table.
2371: This table is used for keys pressed after the prefix key (for example,
2372: by default
2373: .Ql c
2374: is bound to
2375: .Ic new-window
2376: in the
2377: .Em prefix
2378: table, so
2379: .Ql C-b c
2380: creates a new window).
2381: The
2382: .Em root
2383: table is used for keys pressed without the prefix key: binding
2384: .Ql c
2385: to
2386: .Ic new-window
2387: in the
2388: .Em root
2389: table (not recommended) means a plain
2390: .Ql c
2391: will create a new window.
1.57 jmc 2392: .Fl n
1.421 nicm 2393: is an alias
2394: for
2395: .Fl T Ar root .
2396: Keys may also be bound in custom key tables and the
2397: .Ic switch-client
2398: .Fl T
2399: command used to switch to them from a key binding.
1.1 nicm 2400: The
1.57 jmc 2401: .Fl r
2402: flag indicates this key may repeat, see the
2403: .Ic repeat-time
2404: option.
2405: .Pp
2406: To view the default bindings and possible commands, see the
2407: .Ic list-keys
2408: command.
1.421 nicm 2409: .It Xo Ic list-keys
2410: .Op Fl T Ar key-table
2411: .Xc
1.57 jmc 2412: .D1 (alias: Ic lsk )
2413: List all key bindings.
2414: Without
1.421 nicm 2415: .Fl T
2416: all key tables are printed.
2417: With
2418: .Fl T
2419: only
2420: .Ar key-table .
1.57 jmc 2421: .It Xo Ic send-keys
1.497 nicm 2422: .Op Fl lMRX
2423: .Op Fl N Ar repeat-count
1.72 nicm 2424: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1.57 jmc 2425: .Ar key Ar ...
1.1 nicm 2426: .Xc
1.57 jmc 2427: .D1 (alias: Ic send )
2428: Send a key or keys to a window.
2429: Each argument
2430: .Ar key
2431: is the name of the key (such as
2432: .Ql C-a
2433: or
1.523 nicm 2434: .Ql NPage )
2435: to send; if the string is not recognised as a key, it is sent as a series of
1.57 jmc 2436: characters.
1.273 nicm 2437: The
2438: .Fl l
2439: flag disables key name lookup and sends the keys literally.
1.57 jmc 2440: All arguments are sent sequentially from first to last.
1.265 nicm 2441: The
2442: .Fl R
2443: flag causes the terminal state to be reset.
1.419 nicm 2444: .Pp
2445: .Fl M
2446: passes through a mouse event (only valid if bound to a mouse key binding, see
1.420 jmc 2447: .Sx MOUSE SUPPORT ) .
1.497 nicm 2448: .Pp
2449: .Fl X
2450: is used to send a command into copy mode - see
2451: the
2452: .Sx WINDOWS AND PANES
2453: section.
2454: .Fl N
1.516 nicm 2455: specifies a repeat count.
1.267 nicm 2456: .It Xo Ic send-prefix
2457: .Op Fl 2
2458: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
2459: .Xc
2460: Send the prefix key, or with
2461: .Fl 2
2462: the secondary prefix key, to a window as if it was pressed.
1.57 jmc 2463: .It Xo Ic unbind-key
1.501 nicm 2464: .Op Fl an
1.421 nicm 2465: .Op Fl T Ar key-table
1.57 jmc 2466: .Ar key
1.2 nicm 2467: .Xc
1.57 jmc 2468: .D1 (alias: Ic unbind )
2469: Unbind the command bound to
2470: .Ar key .
1.530 nicm 2471: .Fl n
2472: and
1.421 nicm 2473: .Fl T
2474: are the same as for
2475: .Ic bind-key .
1.189 nicm 2476: If
2477: .Fl a
2478: is present, all key bindings are removed.
1.57 jmc 2479: .El
2480: .Sh OPTIONS
2481: The appearance and behaviour of
2482: .Nm
2483: may be modified by changing the value of various options.
1.133 nicm 2484: There are three types of option:
2485: .Em server options ,
1.57 jmc 2486: .Em session options
2487: and
2488: .Em window options .
2489: .Pp
1.133 nicm 2490: The
2491: .Nm
2492: server has a set of global options which do not apply to any particular
2493: window or session.
2494: These are altered with the
2495: .Ic set-option
2496: .Fl s
2497: command, or displayed with the
2498: .Ic show-options
2499: .Fl s
2500: command.
2501: .Pp
2502: In addition, each individual session may have a set of session options, and
2503: there is a separate set of global session options.
1.57 jmc 2504: Sessions which do not have a particular option configured inherit the value
2505: from the global session options.
2506: Session options are set or unset with the
2507: .Ic set-option
2508: command and may be listed with the
2509: .Ic show-options
2510: command.
1.133 nicm 2511: The available server and session options are listed under the
1.57 jmc 2512: .Ic set-option
2513: command.
2514: .Pp
2515: Similarly, a set of window options is attached to each window, and there is
2516: a set of global window options from which any unset options are inherited.
2517: Window options are altered with the
2518: .Ic set-window-option
2519: command and can be listed with the
2520: .Ic show-window-options
2521: command.
2522: All window options are documented with the
2523: .Ic set-window-option
2524: command.
1.318 nicm 2525: .Pp
2526: .Nm
2527: also supports user options which are prefixed with a
2528: .Ql \&@ .
1.321 jmc 2529: User options may have any name, so long as they are prefixed with
2530: .Ql \&@ ,
1.318 nicm 2531: and be set to any string.
1.418 nicm 2532: For example:
1.318 nicm 2533: .Bd -literal -offset indent
2534: $ tmux setw -q @foo "abc123"
2535: $ tmux showw -v @foo
2536: abc123
2537: .Ed
1.57 jmc 2538: .Pp
2539: Commands which set options are as follows:
2540: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.1 nicm 2541: .It Xo Ic set-option
1.550 nicm 2542: .Op Fl aFgoqsuw
1.129 nicm 2543: .Op Fl t Ar target-session | Ar target-window
1.1 nicm 2544: .Ar option Ar value
2545: .Xc
2546: .D1 (alias: Ic set )
1.133 nicm 2547: Set a window option with
2548: .Fl w
2549: (equivalent to the
2550: .Ic set-window-option
2551: command),
2552: a server option with
2553: .Fl s ,
2554: otherwise a session option.
1.637 nicm 2555: If the option is not a user option,
2556: .Fl w
2557: and
2558: .Fl s
2559: are unnecessary -
2560: .Nm
2561: will infer the type from the option name.
1.133 nicm 2562: If
2563: .Fl g
1.433 nicm 2564: is given, the global session or window option is set.
1.637 nicm 2565: .Pp
1.550 nicm 2566: .Fl F
2567: expands formats in the option value.
1.1 nicm 2568: The
2569: .Fl u
2570: flag unsets an option, so a session inherits the option from the global
1.433 nicm 2571: options (or with
2572: .Fl g ,
2573: restores a global option to the default).
1.336 nicm 2574: .Pp
2575: The
2576: .Fl o
1.446 nicm 2577: flag prevents setting an option that is already set and the
1.281 nicm 2578: .Fl q
1.446 nicm 2579: flag suppresses errors about unknown or ambiguous options.
1.281 nicm 2580: .Pp
1.378 nicm 2581: With
2582: .Fl a ,
2583: and if the option expects a string or a style,
2584: .Ar value
2585: is appended to the existing setting.
2586: For example:
2587: .Bd -literal -offset indent
2588: set -g status-left "foo"
2589: set -ag status-left "bar"
2590: .Ed
2591: .Pp
2592: Will result in
2593: .Ql foobar .
2594: And:
2595: .Bd -literal -offset indent
2596: set -g status-style "bg=red"
2597: set -ag status-style "fg=blue"
2598: .Ed
2599: .Pp
2600: Will result in a red background
2601: .Em and
2602: blue foreground.
2603: Without
2604: .Fl a ,
2605: the result would be the default background and a blue foreground.
2606: .Pp
1.133 nicm 2607: Available window options are listed under
2608: .Ic set-window-option .
1.274 nicm 2609: .Pp
2610: .Ar value
2611: depends on the option and may be a number, a string, or a flag (on, off, or
2612: omitted to toggle).
1.133 nicm 2613: .Pp
2614: Available server options are:
2615: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.198 nicm 2616: .It Ic buffer-limit Ar number
2617: Set the number of buffers; as new buffers are added to the top of the stack,
2618: old ones are removed from the bottom if necessary to maintain this maximum
2619: length.
1.526 nicm 2620: .It Xo Ic command-alias[]
2621: .Ar name=value
2622: .Xc
2623: This is an array of custom aliases for commands.
2624: If an unknown command matches
2625: .Ar name ,
2626: it is replaced with
2627: .Ar value .
2628: For example, after:
2629: .Pp
1.565 nicm 2630: .Dl set -s command-alias[100] zoom='resize-pane -Z'
1.526 nicm 2631: .Pp
2632: Using:
2633: .Pp
2634: .Dl zoom -t:.1
2635: .Pp
2636: Is equivalent to:
2637: .Pp
2638: .Dl resize-pane -Z -t:.1
2639: .Pp
2640: Note that aliases are expanded when a command is parsed rather than when it is
2641: executed, so binding an alias with
2642: .Ic bind-key
2643: will bind the expanded form.
1.425 nicm 2644: .It Ic default-terminal Ar terminal
2645: Set the default terminal for new windows created in this session - the
2646: default value of the
2647: .Ev TERM
2648: environment variable.
2649: For
2650: .Nm
2651: to work correctly, this
2652: .Em must
2653: be set to
2654: .Ql screen ,
2655: .Ql tmux
2656: or a derivative of them.
1.239 nicm 2657: .It Ic escape-time Ar time
2658: Set the time in milliseconds for which
2659: .Nm
2660: waits after an escape is input to determine if it is part of a function or meta
2661: key sequences.
2662: The default is 500 milliseconds.
1.592 nicm 2663: .It Xo Ic exit-empty
2664: .Op Ic on | off
2665: .Xc
2666: If enabled (the default), the server will exit when there are no active
2667: sessions.
1.239 nicm 2668: .It Xo Ic exit-unattached
2669: .Op Ic on | off
2670: .Xc
2671: If enabled, the server will exit when there are no attached clients.
1.362 nicm 2672: .It Xo Ic focus-events
2673: .Op Ic on | off
2674: .Xc
2675: When enabled, focus events are requested from the terminal if supported and
2676: passed through to applications running in
2677: .Nm .
2678: Attached clients should be detached and attached again after changing this
2679: option.
1.445 nicm 2680: .It Ic history-file Ar path
2681: If not empty, a file to which
2682: .Nm
2683: will write command prompt history on exit and load it from on start.
1.384 nicm 2684: .It Ic message-limit Ar number
2685: Set the number of error or information messages to save in the message log for
2686: each client.
2687: The default is 100.
1.228 nicm 2688: .It Xo Ic set-clipboard
1.556 nicm 2689: .Op Ic on | external | off
1.228 nicm 2690: .Xc
2691: Attempt to set the terminal clipboard content using the
2692: .Xr xterm 1
1.560 nicm 2693: escape sequence, if there is an
1.228 nicm 2694: .Em \&Ms
2695: entry in the
2696: .Xr terminfo 5
1.560 nicm 2697: description (see the
2698: .Sx TERMINFO EXTENSIONS
2699: section).
2700: .Pp
1.556 nicm 2701: If set to
2702: .Ic on ,
2703: .Nm
2704: will both accept the escape sequence to create a buffer and attempt to set
2705: the terminal clipboard.
2706: If set to
2707: .Ic external ,
2708: .Nm
2709: will attempt to set the terminal clipboard but ignore attempts
2710: by applications to set
2711: .Nm
2712: buffers.
2713: If
2714: .Ic off ,
2715: .Nm
2716: will neither accept the clipboard escape sequence nor attempt to set the
2717: clipboard.
2718: .Pp
1.228 nicm 2719: Note that this feature needs to be enabled in
2720: .Xr xterm 1
2721: by setting the resource:
2722: .Bd -literal -offset indent
2723: disallowedWindowOps: 20,21,SetXprop
2724: .Ed
2725: .Pp
2726: Or changing this property from the
2727: .Xr xterm 1
2728: interactive menu when required.
1.528 nicm 2729: .It Ic terminal-overrides[] Ar string
2730: Allow terminal descriptions read using
2731: .Xr terminfo 5
1.531 nicm 2732: to be overridden.
1.528 nicm 2733: Each entry is a colon-separated string made up of a terminal type pattern
2734: (matched using
1.381 nicm 2735: .Xr fnmatch 3 )
2736: and a set of
2737: .Em name=value
2738: entries.
2739: .Pp
2740: For example, to set the
2741: .Ql clear
2742: .Xr terminfo 5
2743: entry to
2744: .Ql \ee[H\ee[2J
1.528 nicm 2745: for all terminal types matching
2746: .Ql rxvt* :
2747: .Pp
2748: .Dl "rxvt*:clear=\ee[H\ee[2J"
1.381 nicm 2749: .Pp
2750: The terminal entry value is passed through
2751: .Xr strunvis 3
2752: before interpretation.
1.133 nicm 2753: .El
1.129 nicm 2754: .Pp
1.18 nicm 2755: Available session options are:
1.1 nicm 2756: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.569 nicm 2757: .It Xo Ic activity-action
2758: .Op Ic any | none | current | other
2759: .Xc
2760: Set action on window activity when
2761: .Ic monitor-activity
2762: is on.
2763: .Ic any
2764: means activity in any window linked to a session causes a bell or message
2765: (depending on
2766: .Ic visual-activity )
2767: in the current window of that session,
2768: .Ic none
2769: means all activity is ignored (equivalent to
2770: .Ic monitor-activity
2771: being off),
2772: .Ic current
2773: means only activity in windows other than the current window are ignored and
2774: .Ic other
2775: means activity in the current window is ignored but not those in other windows.
1.312 nicm 2776: .It Ic assume-paste-time Ar milliseconds
2777: If keys are entered faster than one in
2778: .Ar milliseconds ,
2779: they are assumed to have been pasted rather than typed and
2780: .Nm
2781: key bindings are not processed.
2782: The default is one millisecond and zero disables.
1.69 nicm 2783: .It Ic base-index Ar index
2784: Set the base index from which an unused index should be searched when a new
2785: window is created.
2786: The default is zero.
1.1 nicm 2787: .It Xo Ic bell-action
1.429 nicm 2788: .Op Ic any | none | current | other
1.1 nicm 2789: .Xc
1.574 nicm 2790: Set action on a bell in a window when
2791: .Ic monitor-bell
2792: is on.
1.569 nicm 2793: The values are the same as those for
2794: .Ic activity-action .
1.153 nicm 2795: .It Ic default-command Ar shell-command
1.1 nicm 2796: Set the command used for new windows (if not specified when the window is
2797: created) to
1.153 nicm 2798: .Ar shell-command ,
1.79 nicm 2799: which may be any
2800: .Xr sh 1
2801: command.
1.19 nicm 2802: The default is an empty string, which instructs
2803: .Nm
1.79 nicm 2804: to create a login shell using the value of the
2805: .Ic default-shell
2806: option.
2807: .It Ic default-shell Ar path
2808: Specify the default shell.
2809: This is used as the login shell for new windows when the
2810: .Ic default-command
2811: option is set to empty, and must be the full path of the executable.
2812: When started
2813: .Nm
2814: tries to set a default value from the first suitable of the
1.19 nicm 2815: .Ev SHELL
1.79 nicm 2816: environment variable, the shell returned by
2817: .Xr getpwuid 3 ,
2818: or
2819: .Pa /bin/sh .
2820: This option should be configured when
2821: .Nm
2822: is used as a login shell.
1.629 nicm 2823: .It Ic default-size Ar XxY
1.642 ! nicm 2824: Set the default size of new windows when the
! 2825: .Ar window-size
! 2826: option is set to manual or when a session is created with
! 2827: .Ic new-session
! 2828: .Fl d .
! 2829: The value is the width and height separated by an
! 2830: .Ql x
! 2831: character.
! 2832: The default is 80x24.
1.206 nicm 2833: .It Xo Ic destroy-unattached
2834: .Op Ic on | off
2835: .Xc
1.185 nicm 2836: If enabled and the session is no longer attached to any clients, it is
2837: destroyed.
1.206 nicm 2838: .It Xo Ic detach-on-destroy
2839: .Op Ic on | off
2840: .Xc
1.184 nicm 2841: If on (the default), the client is detached when the session it is attached to
2842: is destroyed.
2843: If off, the client is switched to the most recently active of the remaining
2844: sessions.
1.145 nicm 2845: .It Ic display-panes-active-colour Ar colour
2846: Set the colour used by the
2847: .Ic display-panes
2848: command to show the indicator for the active pane.
1.78 nicm 2849: .It Ic display-panes-colour Ar colour
1.145 nicm 2850: Set the colour used by the
1.78 nicm 2851: .Ic display-panes
1.145 nicm 2852: command to show the indicators for inactive panes.
1.78 nicm 2853: .It Ic display-panes-time Ar time
2854: Set the time in milliseconds for which the indicators shown by the
2855: .Ic display-panes
2856: command appear.
1.21 nicm 2857: .It Ic display-time Ar time
1.78 nicm 2858: Set the amount of time for which status line messages and other on-screen
2859: indicators are displayed.
1.462 tim 2860: If set to 0, messages and indicators are displayed until a key is pressed.
1.21 nicm 2861: .Ar time
2862: is in milliseconds.
1.1 nicm 2863: .It Ic history-limit Ar lines
2864: Set the maximum number of lines held in window history.
2865: This setting applies only to new windows - existing window histories are not
2866: resized and retain the limit at the point they were created.
1.474 nicm 2867: .It Ic key-table Ar key-table
2868: Set the default key table to
2869: .Ar key-table
2870: instead of
2871: .Em root .
1.1 nicm 2872: .It Ic lock-after-time Ar number
1.100 nicm 2873: Lock the session (like the
2874: .Ic lock-session
1.90 nicm 2875: command) after
1.1 nicm 2876: .Ar number
1.448 nicm 2877: seconds of inactivity.
1.100 nicm 2878: The default is not to lock (set to 0).
1.153 nicm 2879: .It Ic lock-command Ar shell-command
1.90 nicm 2880: Command to run when locking each client.
2881: The default is to run
2882: .Xr lock 1
2883: with
2884: .Fl np .
1.378 nicm 2885: .It Ic message-command-style Ar style
1.623 nicm 2886: Set status line message command style.
2887: For how to specify
2888: .Ar style ,
2889: see the
2890: .Sx STYLES
2891: section.
1.378 nicm 2892: .It Ic message-style Ar style
2893: Set status line message style.
2894: For how to specify
2895: .Ar style ,
2896: see the
1.623 nicm 2897: .Sx STYLES
2898: section.
1.419 nicm 2899: .It Xo Ic mouse
1.226 nicm 2900: .Op Ic on | off
2901: .Xc
2902: If on,
2903: .Nm
1.419 nicm 2904: captures the mouse and allows mouse events to be bound as key bindings.
2905: See the
2906: .Sx MOUSE SUPPORT
2907: section for details.
1.267 nicm 2908: .It Ic prefix Ar key
2909: Set the key accepted as a prefix key.
1.473 nicm 2910: In addition to the standard keys described under
2911: .Sx KEY BINDINGS ,
2912: .Ic prefix
2913: can be set to the special key
2914: .Ql None
2915: to set no prefix.
1.267 nicm 2916: .It Ic prefix2 Ar key
2917: Set a secondary key accepted as a prefix key.
1.473 nicm 2918: Like
2919: .Ic prefix ,
2920: .Ic prefix2
2921: can be set to
2922: .Ql None .
1.291 nicm 2923: .It Xo Ic renumber-windows
2924: .Op Ic on | off
2925: .Xc
2926: If on, when a window is closed in a session, automatically renumber the other
2927: windows in numerical order.
2928: This respects the
2929: .Ic base-index
2930: option if it has been set.
2931: If off, do not renumber the windows.
1.21 nicm 2932: .It Ic repeat-time Ar time
1.1 nicm 2933: Allow multiple commands to be entered without pressing the prefix-key again
2934: in the specified
1.21 nicm 2935: .Ar time
1.1 nicm 2936: milliseconds (the default is 500).
2937: Whether a key repeats may be set when it is bound using the
2938: .Fl r
2939: flag to
2940: .Ic bind-key .
1.52 nicm 2941: Repeat is enabled for the default keys bound to the
2942: .Ic resize-pane
2943: command.
1.1 nicm 2944: .It Xo Ic set-titles
1.56 jmc 2945: .Op Ic on | off
1.1 nicm 2946: .Xc
1.261 nicm 2947: Attempt to set the client terminal title using the
2948: .Em tsl
2949: and
2950: .Em fsl
2951: .Xr terminfo 5
2952: entries if they exist.
2953: .Nm
1.444 nicm 2954: automatically sets these to the \ee]0;...\e007 sequence if
2955: the terminal appears to be
2956: .Xr xterm 1 .
1.11 nicm 2957: This option is off by default.
1.86 nicm 2958: .It Ic set-titles-string Ar string
2959: String used to set the window title if
2960: .Ic set-titles
2961: is on.
1.414 nicm 2962: Formats are expanded, see the
2963: .Sx FORMATS
2964: section.
1.569 nicm 2965: .It Xo Ic silence-action
2966: .Op Ic any | none | current | other
2967: .Xc
2968: Set action on window silence when
2969: .Ic monitor-silence
2970: is on.
2971: The values are the same as those for
2972: .Ic activity-action .
1.1 nicm 2973: .It Xo Ic status
1.625 nicm 2974: .Op Ic off | on | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5
1.1 nicm 2975: .Xc
1.625 nicm 2976: Show or hide the status line or specify its size.
2977: Using
2978: .Ic on
2979: gives a status line one row in height;
2980: .Ic 2 ,
2981: .Ic 3 ,
2982: .Ic 4
2983: or
2984: .Ic 5
2985: more rows.
2986: .It Ic status-format[] Ar format
2987: Specify the format to be used for each line of the status line.
2988: The default builds the top status line from the various individual status
2989: options below.
1.1 nicm 2990: .It Ic status-interval Ar interval
1.538 nicm 2991: Update the status line every
1.1 nicm 2992: .Ar interval
2993: seconds.
2994: By default, updates will occur every 15 seconds.
2995: A setting of zero disables redrawing at interval.
1.41 nicm 2996: .It Xo Ic status-justify
1.56 jmc 2997: .Op Ic left | centre | right
1.41 nicm 2998: .Xc
2999: Set the position of the window list component of the status line: left, centre
3000: or right justified.
1.1 nicm 3001: .It Xo Ic status-keys
1.56 jmc 3002: .Op Ic vi | emacs
1.1 nicm 3003: .Xc
1.6 jmc 3004: Use vi or emacs-style
1.1 nicm 3005: key bindings in the status line, for example at the command prompt.
1.191 nicm 3006: The default is emacs, unless the
3007: .Ev VISUAL
3008: or
3009: .Ev EDITOR
3010: environment variables are set and contain the string
3011: .Ql vi .
1.1 nicm 3012: .It Ic status-left Ar string
3013: Display
3014: .Ar string
1.538 nicm 3015: (by default the session name) to the left of the status line.
1.1 nicm 3016: .Ar string
3017: will be passed through
1.623 nicm 3018: .Xr strftime 3 .
3019: Also see the
3020: .Sx FORMATS
3021: and
3022: .Sx STYLES
3023: sections.
1.83 nicm 3024: .Pp
1.263 nicm 3025: For details on how the names and titles can be set see the
1.261 nicm 3026: .Sx "NAMES AND TITLES"
3027: section.
1.109 nicm 3028: .Pp
1.83 nicm 3029: Examples are:
3030: .Bd -literal -offset indent
3031: #(sysctl vm.loadavg)
3032: #[fg=yellow,bold]#(apm -l)%%#[default] [#S]
3033: .Ed
1.10 nicm 3034: .Pp
1.405 nicm 3035: The default is
3036: .Ql "[#S] " .
1.1 nicm 3037: .It Ic status-left-length Ar length
3038: Set the maximum
3039: .Ar length
1.538 nicm 3040: of the left component of the status line.
1.1 nicm 3041: The default is 10.
1.378 nicm 3042: .It Ic status-left-style Ar style
3043: Set the style of the left part of the status line.
3044: For how to specify
3045: .Ar style ,
3046: see the
1.623 nicm 3047: .Sx STYLES
3048: section.
1.269 nicm 3049: .It Xo Ic status-position
3050: .Op Ic top | bottom
3051: .Xc
3052: Set the position of the status line.
1.1 nicm 3053: .It Ic status-right Ar string
3054: Display
3055: .Ar string
1.538 nicm 3056: to the right of the status line.
1.577 nicm 3057: By default, the current pane title in double quotes, the date and the time
1.151 nicm 3058: are shown.
1.1 nicm 3059: As with
3060: .Ic status-left ,
3061: .Ar string
3062: will be passed to
1.459 jmc 3063: .Xr strftime 3
3064: and character pairs are replaced.
1.1 nicm 3065: .It Ic status-right-length Ar length
3066: Set the maximum
3067: .Ar length
1.538 nicm 3068: of the right component of the status line.
1.1 nicm 3069: The default is 40.
1.378 nicm 3070: .It Ic status-right-style Ar style
3071: Set the style of the right part of the status line.
3072: For how to specify
3073: .Ar style ,
3074: see the
1.623 nicm 3075: .Sx STYLES
3076: section.
1.378 nicm 3077: .It Ic status-style Ar style
3078: Set status line style.
3079: For how to specify
3080: .Ar style ,
3081: see the
1.623 nicm 3082: .Sx STYLES
3083: section.
1.529 nicm 3084: .It Ic update-environment[] Ar variable
3085: Set list of environment variables to be copied into the session environment
3086: when a new session is created or an existing session is attached.
1.63 nicm 3087: Any variables that do not exist in the source environment are set to be
3088: removed from the session environment (as if
3089: .Fl r
3090: was given to the
3091: .Ic set-environment
3092: command).
1.563 nicm 3093: .It Ic user-keys[] Ar key
3094: Set list of user-defined key escape sequences.
3095: Each item is associated with a key named
1.564 nicm 3096: .Ql User0 ,
3097: .Ql User1 ,
1.563 nicm 3098: and so on.
3099: .Pp
3100: For example:
3101: .Bd -literal -offset indent
1.575 nicm 3102: set -s user-keys[0] "\ee[5;30012~"
1.563 nicm 3103: bind User0 resize-pane -L 3
3104: .Ed
1.37 nicm 3105: .It Xo Ic visual-activity
1.569 nicm 3106: .Op Ic on | off | both
1.37 nicm 3107: .Xc
1.569 nicm 3108: If on, display a message instead of sending a bell when activity occurs in a
3109: window for which the
1.37 nicm 3110: .Ic monitor-activity
3111: window option is enabled.
1.569 nicm 3112: If set to both, a bell and a message are produced.
1.37 nicm 3113: .It Xo Ic visual-bell
1.569 nicm 3114: .Op Ic on | off | both
1.37 nicm 3115: .Xc
1.574 nicm 3116: If on, a message is shown on a bell in a window for which the
3117: .Ic monitor-bell
3118: window option is enabled instead of it being passed through to the
1.569 nicm 3119: terminal (which normally makes a sound).
3120: If set to both, a bell and a message are produced.
1.37 nicm 3121: Also see the
3122: .Ic bell-action
3123: option.
1.192 nicm 3124: .It Xo Ic visual-silence
1.569 nicm 3125: .Op Ic on | off | both
1.192 nicm 3126: .Xc
3127: If
3128: .Ic monitor-silence
1.569 nicm 3129: is enabled, prints a message after the interval has expired on a given window
3130: instead of sending a bell.
3131: If set to both, a bell and a message are produced.
1.255 nicm 3132: .It Ic word-separators Ar string
3133: Sets the session's conception of what characters are considered word
3134: separators, for the purposes of the next and previous word commands in
3135: copy mode.
3136: The default is
3137: .Ql \ -_@ .
1.1 nicm 3138: .El
3139: .It Xo Ic set-window-option
1.550 nicm 3140: .Op Fl aFgoqu
1.1 nicm 3141: .Op Fl t Ar target-window
3142: .Ar option Ar value
3143: .Xc
3144: .D1 (alias: Ic setw )
1.18 nicm 3145: Set a window option.
1.1 nicm 3146: The
1.58 nicm 3147: .Fl a ,
1.550 nicm 3148: .Fl F ,
1.281 nicm 3149: .Fl g ,
1.356 nicm 3150: .Fl o ,
1.281 nicm 3151: .Fl q
1.1 nicm 3152: and
3153: .Fl u
3154: flags work similarly to the
3155: .Ic set-option
3156: command.
3157: .Pp
1.18 nicm 3158: Supported window options are:
1.56 jmc 3159: .Pp
3160: .Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
1.1 nicm 3161: .It Xo Ic aggressive-resize
1.56 jmc 3162: .Op Ic on | off
1.1 nicm 3163: .Xc
3164: Aggressively resize the chosen window.
3165: This means that
3166: .Nm
1.642 ! nicm 3167: will resize the window to the size of the smallest or largest session
! 3168: (see the
! 3169: .Ic window-size
! 3170: option) for which it is the current window, rather than the session to
! 3171: which it is attached.
! 3172: The window may resize when the current window is changed on another
! 3173: session; this option is good for full-screen programs which support
1.6 jmc 3174: .Dv SIGWINCH
3175: and poor for interactive programs such as shells.
1.262 nicm 3176: .Pp
3177: .It Xo Ic allow-rename
3178: .Op Ic on | off
3179: .Xc
3180: Allow programs to change the window name using a terminal escape
1.478 nicm 3181: sequence (\eek...\ee\e\e).
1.583 nicm 3182: The default is off.
1.56 jmc 3183: .Pp
1.196 nicm 3184: .It Xo Ic alternate-screen
3185: .Op Ic on | off
3186: .Xc
3187: This option configures whether programs running inside
3188: .Nm
3189: may use the terminal alternate screen feature, which allows the
3190: .Em smcup
3191: and
3192: .Em rmcup
3193: .Xr terminfo 5
1.209 nicm 3194: capabilities.
3195: The alternate screen feature preserves the contents of the window when an
3196: interactive application starts and restores it on exit, so that any output
3197: visible before the application starts reappears unchanged after it exits.
3198: The default is on.
1.196 nicm 3199: .Pp
1.1 nicm 3200: .It Xo Ic automatic-rename
1.56 jmc 3201: .Op Ic on | off
1.1 nicm 3202: .Xc
3203: Control automatic window renaming.
3204: When this setting is enabled,
3205: .Nm
1.368 nicm 3206: will rename the window automatically using the format specified by
3207: .Ic automatic-rename-format .
1.1 nicm 3208: This flag is automatically disabled for an individual window when a name
3209: is specified at creation with
1.186 nicm 3210: .Ic new-window
3211: or
1.1 nicm 3212: .Ic new-session ,
3213: or later with
1.261 nicm 3214: .Ic rename-window ,
3215: or with a terminal escape sequence.
1.1 nicm 3216: It may be switched off globally with:
3217: .Bd -literal -offset indent
3218: set-window-option -g automatic-rename off
3219: .Ed
1.368 nicm 3220: .Pp
3221: .It Ic automatic-rename-format Ar format
3222: The format (see
3223: .Sx FORMATS )
3224: used when the
3225: .Ic automatic-rename
3226: option is enabled.
1.56 jmc 3227: .Pp
1.1 nicm 3228: .It Ic clock-mode-colour Ar colour
3229: Set clock colour.
1.56 jmc 3230: .Pp
1.1 nicm 3231: .It Xo Ic clock-mode-style
1.56 jmc 3232: .Op Ic 12 | 24
1.1 nicm 3233: .Xc
3234: Set clock hour format.
1.56 jmc 3235: .Pp
1.196 nicm 3236: .It Ic main-pane-height Ar height
1.2 nicm 3237: .It Ic main-pane-width Ar width
3238: Set the width or height of the main (left or top) pane in the
3239: .Ic main-horizontal
3240: or
3241: .Ic main-vertical
3242: layouts.
1.56 jmc 3243: .Pp
1.1 nicm 3244: .It Xo Ic mode-keys
1.56 jmc 3245: .Op Ic vi | emacs
1.1 nicm 3246: .Xc
1.500 nicm 3247: Use vi or emacs-style key bindings in copy mode.
3248: The default is emacs, unless
1.191 nicm 3249: .Ev VISUAL
3250: or
3251: .Ev EDITOR
3252: contains
3253: .Ql vi .
1.56 jmc 3254: .Pp
1.378 nicm 3255: .It Ic mode-style Ar style
3256: Set window modes style.
3257: For how to specify
3258: .Ar style ,
3259: see the
1.623 nicm 3260: .Sx STYLES
3261: section.
1.378 nicm 3262: .Pp
1.1 nicm 3263: .It Xo Ic monitor-activity
1.56 jmc 3264: .Op Ic on | off
1.1 nicm 3265: .Xc
3266: Monitor for activity in the window.
3267: Windows with activity are highlighted in the status line.
1.56 jmc 3268: .Pp
1.574 nicm 3269: .It Xo Ic monitor-bell
3270: .Op Ic on | off
3271: .Xc
3272: Monitor for a bell in the window.
3273: Windows with a bell are highlighted in the status line.
3274: .Pp
1.192 nicm 3275: .It Xo Ic monitor-silence
3276: .Op Ic interval
3277: .Xc
3278: Monitor for silence (no activity) in the window within
3279: .Ic interval
3280: seconds.
3281: Windows that have been silent for the interval are highlighted in the
3282: status line.
3283: An interval of zero disables the monitoring.
1.195 nicm 3284: .Pp
3285: .It Ic other-pane-height Ar height
3286: Set the height of the other panes (not the main pane) in the
3287: .Ic main-horizontal
3288: layout.
3289: If this option is set to 0 (the default), it will have no effect.
3290: If both the
3291: .Ic main-pane-height
3292: and
3293: .Ic other-pane-height
3294: options are set, the main pane will grow taller to make the other panes the
3295: specified height, but will never shrink to do so.
3296: .Pp
3297: .It Ic other-pane-width Ar width
3298: Like
3299: .Ic other-pane-height ,
3300: but set the width of other panes in the
3301: .Ic main-vertical
3302: layout.
1.243 nicm 3303: .Pp
1.413 nicm 3304: .It Ic pane-active-border-style Ar style
3305: Set the pane border style for the currently active pane.
3306: For how to specify
3307: .Ar style ,
3308: see the
1.623 nicm 3309: .Sx STYLES
3310: section.
1.413 nicm 3311: Attributes are ignored.
3312: .Pp
1.243 nicm 3313: .It Ic pane-base-index Ar index
3314: Like
3315: .Ic base-index ,
3316: but set the starting index for pane numbers.
1.484 nicm 3317: .Pp
3318: .It Ic pane-border-format Ar format
3319: Set the text shown in pane border status lines.
3320: .Pp
3321: .It Xo Ic pane-border-status
3322: .Op Ic off | top | bottom
3323: .Xc
3324: Turn pane border status lines off or set their position.
1.413 nicm 3325: .Pp
3326: .It Ic pane-border-style Ar style
3327: Set the pane border style for panes aside from the active pane.
3328: For how to specify
3329: .Ar style ,
3330: see the
1.623 nicm 3331: .Sx STYLES
3332: section.
1.413 nicm 3333: Attributes are ignored.
1.192 nicm 3334: .Pp
1.1 nicm 3335: .It Xo Ic remain-on-exit
1.56 jmc 3336: .Op Ic on | off
1.1 nicm 3337: .Xc
3338: A window with this flag set is not destroyed when the program running in it
3339: exits.
3340: The window may be reactivated with the
3341: .Ic respawn-window
3342: command.
1.56 jmc 3343: .Pp
1.99 nicm 3344: .It Xo Ic synchronize-panes
3345: .Op Ic on | off
3346: .Xc
1.164 nicm 3347: Duplicate input to any pane to all other panes in the same window (only
3348: for panes that are not in any special mode).
1.56 jmc 3349: .Pp
1.418 nicm 3350: .It Ic window-active-style Ar style
3351: Set the style for the window's active pane.
3352: For how to specify
3353: .Ar style ,
3354: see the
1.623 nicm 3355: .Sx STYLES
3356: section.
1.418 nicm 3357: .Pp
1.378 nicm 3358: .It Ic window-status-activity-style Ar style
3359: Set status line style for windows with an activity alert.
3360: For how to specify
3361: .Ar style ,
3362: see the
1.623 nicm 3363: .Sx STYLES
3364: section.
1.169 nicm 3365: .Pp
1.378 nicm 3366: .It Ic window-status-bell-style Ar style
3367: Set status line style for windows with a bell alert.
3368: For how to specify
3369: .Ar style ,
3370: see the
1.623 nicm 3371: .Sx STYLES
3372: section.
1.169 nicm 3373: .Pp
1.125 nicm 3374: .It Ic window-status-current-format Ar string
3375: Like
3376: .Ar window-status-format ,
3377: but is the format used when the window is the current window.
1.307 nicm 3378: .Pp
1.378 nicm 3379: .It Ic window-status-current-style Ar style
3380: Set status line style for the currently active window.
3381: For how to specify
3382: .Ar style ,
3383: see the
1.623 nicm 3384: .Sx STYLES
3385: section.
1.239 nicm 3386: .Pp
3387: .It Ic window-status-format Ar string
3388: Set the format in which the window is displayed in the status line window list.
3389: See the
1.623 nicm 3390: .Sx FORMATS
3391: and
3392: .Sx STYLES
3393: sections.
1.290 nicm 3394: .Pp
1.378 nicm 3395: .It Ic window-status-last-style Ar style
3396: Set status line style for the last active window.
3397: For how to specify
3398: .Ar style ,
3399: see the
1.623 nicm 3400: .Sx STYLES
3401: section.
1.378 nicm 3402: .Pp
1.290 nicm 3403: .It Ic window-status-separator Ar string
3404: Sets the separator drawn between windows in the status line.
3405: The default is a single space character.
1.125 nicm 3406: .Pp
1.378 nicm 3407: .It Ic window-status-style Ar style
3408: Set status line style for a single window.
1.418 nicm 3409: For how to specify
3410: .Ar style ,
3411: see the
1.623 nicm 3412: .Sx STYLES
3413: section.
1.418 nicm 3414: .Pp
1.642 ! nicm 3415: .It Xo Ic window-size
! 3416: .Ar largest | Ar smallest | Ar manual
! 3417: .Xc
! 3418: Configure how
! 3419: .Nm
! 3420: determines the window size.
! 3421: If set to
! 3422: .Ar largest ,
! 3423: the size of the largest attached session is used; if
! 3424: .Ar smallest ,
! 3425: the size of the smallest.
! 3426: If
! 3427: .Ar manual ,
! 3428: the size of a new window is set from the
! 3429: .Ic default-size
! 3430: option and windows are resized automatically.
! 3431: See also the
! 3432: .Ic resize-window
! 3433: command and the
! 3434: .Ic aggressive-resize
! 3435: option.
! 3436: .Pp
1.418 nicm 3437: .It Ic window-style Ar style
3438: Set the default window style.
1.378 nicm 3439: For how to specify
3440: .Ar style ,
3441: see the
1.623 nicm 3442: .Sx STYLES
3443: section.
1.629 nicm 3444: .Pp
1.512 nicm 3445: .It Xo Ic wrap-search
3446: .Op Ic on | off
3447: .Xc
3448: If this option is set, searches will wrap around the end of the pane contents.
3449: The default is on.
1.513 nicm 3450: .Pp
1.1 nicm 3451: .It Xo Ic xterm-keys
1.56 jmc 3452: .Op Ic on | off
1.1 nicm 3453: .Xc
3454: If this option is set,
3455: .Nm
3456: will generate
1.57 jmc 3457: .Xr xterm 1 -style
3458: function key sequences; these have a number included to indicate modifiers such
3459: as Shift, Alt or Ctrl.
3460: .El
3461: .It Xo Ic show-options
1.640 nicm 3462: .Op Fl gHqsvw
1.129 nicm 3463: .Op Fl t Ar target-session | Ar target-window
1.276 nicm 3464: .Op Ar option
1.57 jmc 3465: .Xc
3466: .D1 (alias: Ic show )
1.276 nicm 3467: Show the window options (or a single window option if given) with
1.129 nicm 3468: .Fl w
1.133 nicm 3469: (equivalent to
1.134 nicm 3470: .Ic show-window-options ) ,
1.133 nicm 3471: the server options with
3472: .Fl s ,
3473: otherwise the session options for
3474: .Ar target session .
1.637 nicm 3475: If
3476: .Ar option
3477: is given and is not a user option,
3478: .Fl w
3479: and
3480: .Fl s
3481: are unnecessary -
3482: .Nm
3483: will infer the type from the option name.
1.133 nicm 3484: Global session or window options are listed if
3485: .Fl g
3486: is used.
1.317 nicm 3487: .Fl v
3488: shows only the option value, not the name.
1.340 nicm 3489: If
3490: .Fl q
3491: is set, no error will be returned if
3492: .Ar option
3493: is unset.
1.640 nicm 3494: .Fl H
3495: includes hooks (omitted by default).
1.57 jmc 3496: .It Xo Ic show-window-options
1.317 nicm 3497: .Op Fl gv
1.57 jmc 3498: .Op Fl t Ar target-window
1.276 nicm 3499: .Op Ar option
1.57 jmc 3500: .Xc
3501: .D1 (alias: Ic showw )
1.276 nicm 3502: List the window options or a single option for
1.57 jmc 3503: .Ar target-window ,
3504: or the global window options if
3505: .Fl g
3506: is used.
1.317 nicm 3507: .Fl v
3508: shows only the option value, not the name.
1.63 nicm 3509: .El
1.469 nicm 3510: .Sh HOOKS
3511: .Nm
3512: allows commands to run on various triggers, called
3513: .Em hooks .
1.505 nicm 3514: Most
1.483 nicm 3515: .Nm
1.505 nicm 3516: commands have an
1.483 nicm 3517: .Em after
3518: hook and there are a number of hooks not associated with commands.
3519: .Pp
1.640 nicm 3520: Hooks are stored as array options, members of the array are executed in
3521: order when the hook is triggered.
3522: Hooks may be configured with the
3523: .Ic set-hook
3524: or
3525: .Ic set-option
3526: commands and displayed with
3527: .Ic show-hooks
3528: or
3529: .Ic show-options
3530: .Fl H .
3531: The following two commands are equivalent:
3532: .Bd -literal -offset indent.
3533: set-hook -g pane-mode-changed[42] 'set -g status-left-style bg=red'
3534: set-option -g pane-mode-changed[42] 'set -g status-left-style bg=red'
3535: .Ed
3536: .Pp
3537: Setting a hook without specifying an array index clears the hook and sets the
3538: first member of the array.
3539: .Pp
1.505 nicm 3540: A command's after
3541: hook is run after it completes, except when the command is run as part of a hook
1.483 nicm 3542: itself.
1.505 nicm 3543: They are named with an
1.483 nicm 3544: .Ql after-
3545: prefix.
3546: For example, the following command adds a hook to select the even-vertical
3547: layout after every
3548: .Ic split-window :
3549: .Bd -literal -offset indent
1.640 nicm 3550: set-hook -g after-split-window "selectl even-vertical"
1.483 nicm 3551: .Ed
3552: .Pp
1.584 nicm 3553: All the notifications listed in the
3554: .Sx CONTROL MODE
3555: section are hooks (without any arguments), except
3556: .Ic %exit .
3557: The following additional hooks are available:
1.560 nicm 3558: .Bl -tag -width "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
1.476 nicm 3559: .It alert-activity
3560: Run when a window has activity.
3561: See
3562: .Ic monitor-activity .
3563: .It alert-bell
3564: Run when a window has received a bell.
1.574 nicm 3565: See
3566: .Ic monitor-bell .
1.476 nicm 3567: .It alert-silence
3568: Run when a window has been silent.
3569: See
3570: .Ic monitor-silence .
1.469 nicm 3571: .It client-attached
3572: Run when a client is attached.
3573: .It client-detached
3574: Run when a client is detached
3575: .It client-resized
3576: Run when a client is resized.
1.511 nicm 3577: .It client-session-changed
3578: Run when a client's attached session is changed.
1.475 nicm 3579: .It pane-died
3580: Run when the program running in a pane exits, but
3581: .Ic remain-on-exit
3582: is on so the pane has not closed.
3583: .It pane-exited
3584: Run when the program running in a pane exits.
1.603 nicm 3585: .It pane-focus-in
3586: Run when the focus enters a pane, if the
3587: .Ic focus-events
3588: option is on.
3589: .It pane-focus-out
3590: Run when the focus exits a pane, if the
3591: .Ic focus-events
3592: option is on.
1.560 nicm 3593: .It pane-set-clipboard
3594: Run when the terminal clipboard is set using the
3595: .Xr xterm 1
3596: escape sequence.
1.510 nicm 3597: .It session-created
3598: Run when a new session created.
3599: .It session-closed
3600: Run when a session closed.
1.507 nicm 3601: .It session-renamed
3602: Run when a session is renamed.
1.511 nicm 3603: .It window-linked
3604: Run when a window is linked into a session.
1.507 nicm 3605: .It window-renamed
3606: Run when a window is renamed.
1.511 nicm 3607: .It window-unlinked
3608: Run when a window is unlinked from a session.
1.469 nicm 3609: .El
3610: .Pp
3611: Hooks are managed with these commands:
3612: .Bl -tag -width Ds
3613: .It Xo Ic set-hook
1.640 nicm 3614: .Op Fl agRu
1.469 nicm 3615: .Op Fl t Ar target-session
3616: .Ar hook-name
3617: .Ar command
3618: .Xc
1.604 nicm 3619: Without
1.605 jmc 3620: .Fl R ,
1.604 nicm 3621: sets (or with
1.496 nicm 3622: .Fl u
3623: unsets) hook
1.469 nicm 3624: .Ar hook-name
3625: to
3626: .Ar command .
3627: If
3628: .Fl g
3629: is given,
3630: .Em hook-name
3631: is added to the global list of hooks, otherwise it is added to the session
3632: hooks (for
3633: .Ar target-session
3634: with
3635: .Fl t ) .
1.640 nicm 3636: .Fl a
3637: appends to a hook.
1.469 nicm 3638: Like options, session hooks inherit from the global ones.
1.604 nicm 3639: .Pp
3640: With
3641: .Fl R ,
3642: run
3643: .Ar hook-name
3644: immediately.
1.469 nicm 3645: .It Xo Ic show-hooks
3646: .Op Fl g
3647: .Op Fl t Ar target-session
3648: .Xc
3649: Shows the global list of hooks with
3650: .Fl g ,
3651: otherwise the session hooks.
1.470 jmc 3652: .El
1.419 nicm 3653: .Sh MOUSE SUPPORT
3654: If the
3655: .Ic mouse
3656: option is on (the default is off),
3657: .Nm
3658: allows mouse events to be bound as keys.
3659: The name of each key is made up of a mouse event (such as
3660: .Ql MouseUp1 )
1.632 nicm 3661: and a location suffix, one of the following:
3662: .Bl -column "XXXXXXXXXXXXX" -offset indent
3663: .It Li "Pane" Ta "the contents of a pane"
3664: .It Li "Border" Ta "a pane border"
3665: .It Li "Status" Ta "the status line window list"
3666: .It Li "StatusLeft" Ta "the left part of the status line"
3667: .It Li "StatusRight" Ta "the right part of the status line"
3668: .It Li "StatusDefault" Ta "any other part of the status line"
3669: .El
3670: .Pp
1.419 nicm 3671: The following mouse events are available:
3672: .Bl -column "MouseDown1" "MouseDrag1" "WheelDown" -offset indent
1.498 nicm 3673: .It Li "WheelUp" Ta "WheelDown" Ta ""
1.481 nicm 3674: .It Li "MouseDown1" Ta "MouseUp1" Ta "MouseDrag1" Ta "MouseDragEnd1"
3675: .It Li "MouseDown2" Ta "MouseUp2" Ta "MouseDrag2" Ta "MouseDragEnd2"
3676: .It Li "MouseDown3" Ta "MouseUp3" Ta "MouseDrag3" Ta "MouseDragEnd3"
1.590 nicm 3677: .It Li "DoubleClick1" Ta "DoubleClick2" Ta "DoubleClick3"
3678: .It Li "TripleClick1" Ta "TripleClick2" Ta "TripleClick3"
1.419 nicm 3679: .El
3680: .Pp
3681: Each should be suffixed with a location, for example
3682: .Ql MouseDown1Status .
3683: .Pp
1.423 nicm 3684: The special token
3685: .Ql {mouse}
3686: or
1.419 nicm 3687: .Ql =
3688: may be used as
3689: .Ar target-window
3690: or
3691: .Ar target-pane
3692: in commands bound to mouse key bindings.
3693: It resolves to the window or pane over which the mouse event took place
3694: (for example, the window in the status line over which button 1 was released for a
3695: .Ql MouseUp1Status
3696: binding, or the pane over which the wheel was scrolled for a
3697: .Ql WheelDownPane
3698: binding).
3699: .Pp
3700: The
3701: .Ic send-keys
3702: .Fl M
3703: flag may be used to forward a mouse event to a pane.
3704: .Pp
3705: The default key bindings allow the mouse to be used to select and resize panes,
3706: to copy text and to change window using the status line.
3707: These take effect if the
3708: .Ic mouse
3709: option is turned on.
1.245 nicm 3710: .Sh FORMATS
1.294 nicm 3711: Certain commands accept the
1.245 nicm 3712: .Fl F
3713: flag with a
3714: .Ar format
3715: argument.
3716: This is a string which controls the output format of the command.
3717: Replacement variables are enclosed in
3718: .Ql #{
3719: and
3720: .Ql } ,
3721: for example
1.359 nicm 3722: .Ql #{session_name} .
1.409 nicm 3723: The possible variables are listed in the table below, or the name of a
3724: .Nm
3725: option may be used for an option's value.
3726: Some variables have a shorter alias such as
1.598 nicm 3727: .Ql #S ;
1.376 nicm 3728: .Ql ##
3729: is replaced by a single
1.598 nicm 3730: .Ql # ,
3731: .Ql #,
3732: by a
3733: .Ql \&,
3734: and
3735: .Ql #}
3736: by a
3737: .Ql } .
1.409 nicm 3738: .Pp
3739: Conditionals are available by prefixing with
1.246 jmc 3740: .Ql \&?
1.245 nicm 3741: and separating two alternatives with a comma;
3742: if the specified variable exists and is not zero, the first alternative
1.246 jmc 3743: is chosen, otherwise the second is used.
3744: For example
1.245 nicm 3745: .Ql #{?session_attached,attached,not attached}
3746: will include the string
3747: .Ql attached
3748: if the session is attached and the string
3749: .Ql not attached
1.409 nicm 3750: if it is unattached, or
3751: .Ql #{?automatic-rename,yes,no}
3752: will include
3753: .Ql yes
3754: if
3755: .Ic automatic-rename
3756: is enabled, or
3757: .Ql no
3758: if not.
1.599 nicm 3759: Conditionals can be nested arbitrarily.
3760: Inside a conditional,
3761: .Ql \&,
3762: and
3763: .Ql }
3764: must be escaped as
3765: .Ql #,
3766: and
3767: .Ql #} ,
3768: unless they are part of a
3769: .Ql #{...}
1.600 nicm 3770: replacement.
3771: For example:
1.599 nicm 3772: .Bd -literal -offset indent
3773: #{?pane_in_mode,#[fg=white#,bg=red],#[fg=red#,bg=white]}#W .
3774: .Ed
1.520 nicm 3775: .Pp
1.554 nicm 3776: Comparisons may be expressed by prefixing two comma-separated
1.520 nicm 3777: alternatives by
3778: .Ql ==
3779: or
3780: .Ql !=
3781: and a colon.
3782: For example
1.544 nicm 3783: .Ql #{==:#{host},myhost}
1.520 nicm 3784: will be replaced by
3785: .Ql 1
3786: if running on
3787: .Ql myhost ,
3788: otherwise by
1.554 nicm 3789: .Ql 0 .
1.553 nicm 3790: An
3791: .Ql m
1.554 nicm 3792: specifies an
1.553 nicm 3793: .Xr fnmatch 3
1.554 nicm 3794: comparison where the first argument is the pattern and the second the string to
3795: compare, for example
1.553 nicm 3796: .Ql #{m:*foo*,#{host}} .
1.554 nicm 3797: .Ql ||
3798: and
3799: .Ql &&
3800: evaluate to true if either or both of two comma-separated alternatives are
3801: true, for example
1.595 nicm 3802: .Ql #{||:#{pane_in_mode},#{alternate_on}} .
1.554 nicm 3803: A
3804: .Ql C
3805: performs a search for an
3806: .Xr fnmatch 3
3807: pattern in the pane content and evaluates to zero if not found, or a line
3808: number if found.
1.453 nicm 3809: .Pp
1.367 nicm 3810: A limit may be placed on the length of the resultant string by prefixing it
3811: by an
3812: .Ql = ,
1.479 nicm 3813: a number and a colon.
3814: Positive numbers count from the start of the string and negative from the end,
3815: so
3816: .Ql #{=5:pane_title}
3817: will include at most the first 5 characters of the pane title, or
3818: .Ql #{=-5:pane_title}
3819: the last 5 characters.
1.453 nicm 3820: Prefixing a time variable with
3821: .Ql t:
3822: will convert it to a string, so if
3823: .Ql #{window_activity}
3824: gives
1.454 jmc 3825: .Ql 1445765102 ,
1.453 nicm 3826: .Ql #{t:window_activity}
3827: gives
3828: .Ql Sun Oct 25 09:25:02 2015 .
3829: The
3830: .Ql b:
3831: and
3832: .Ql d:
3833: prefixes are
3834: .Xr basename 3
3835: and
3836: .Xr dirname 3
3837: of the variable respectively.
1.610 nicm 3838: .Ql q:
3839: will escape
3840: .Xr sh 1
3841: special characters.
1.617 nicm 3842: .Ql E:
3843: will expand the format twice, for example
3844: .Ql #{E:status-left}
3845: is the result of expanding the content of the
3846: .Ic status-left
3847: option rather than the content itself.
1.620 nicm 3848: .Ql T:
3849: is like
3850: .Ql E:
3851: but also expands
3852: .Xr strftime 3
3853: specifiers.
1.618 nicm 3854: .Ql S: ,
3855: .Ql W:
3856: or
3857: .Ql P:
3858: will loop over each session, window or pane and insert the format once
1.619 nicm 3859: for each.
3860: For windows and panes, two comma-separated formats may be given:
3861: the second is used for the current window or active pane.
3862: For example, to get a list of windows formatted like the status line:
1.618 nicm 3863: .Bd -literal -offset indent
3864: #{W:#{E:window-status-format} ,#{E:window-status-current-format} }
3865: .Ed
1.625 nicm 3866: .Pp
1.461 nicm 3867: A prefix of the form
3868: .Ql s/foo/bar/:
3869: will substitute
3870: .Ql foo
3871: with
3872: .Ql bar
3873: throughout.
1.431 nicm 3874: .Pp
3875: In addition, the first line of a shell command's output may be inserted using
3876: .Ql #() .
3877: For example,
3878: .Ql #(uptime)
3879: will insert the system's uptime.
3880: When constructing formats,
3881: .Nm
3882: does not wait for
3883: .Ql #()
3884: commands to finish; instead, the previous result from running the same command is used,
3885: or a placeholder if the command has not been run before.
1.543 nicm 3886: If the command hasn't exited, the most recent line of output will be used, but the status
3887: line will not be updated more than once a second.
1.431 nicm 3888: Commands are executed with the
3889: .Nm
3890: global environment set (see the
3891: .Sx ENVIRONMENT
3892: section).
1.245 nicm 3893: .Pp
3894: The following variables are available, where appropriate:
1.359 nicm 3895: .Bl -column "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX" "XXXXX"
3896: .It Sy "Variable name" Ta Sy "Alias" Ta Sy "Replaced with"
3897: .It Li "alternate_on" Ta "" Ta "If pane is in alternate screen"
3898: .It Li "alternate_saved_x" Ta "" Ta "Saved cursor X in alternate screen"
3899: .It Li "alternate_saved_y" Ta "" Ta "Saved cursor Y in alternate screen"
1.572 nicm 3900: .It Li "buffer_created" Ta "" Ta "Time buffer created"
1.490 nicm 3901: .It Li "buffer_name" Ta "" Ta "Name of buffer"
1.386 nicm 3902: .It Li "buffer_sample" Ta "" Ta "Sample of start of buffer"
1.359 nicm 3903: .It Li "buffer_size" Ta "" Ta "Size of the specified buffer in bytes"
1.572 nicm 3904: .It Li "client_activity" Ta "" Ta "Time client last had activity"
3905: .It Li "client_created" Ta "" Ta "Time client created"
1.443 nicm 3906: .It Li "client_control_mode" Ta "" Ta "1 if client is in control mode"
1.542 nicm 3907: .It Li "client_discarded" Ta "" Ta "Bytes discarded when client behind"
1.359 nicm 3908: .It Li "client_height" Ta "" Ta "Height of client"
1.451 nicm 3909: .It Li "client_key_table" Ta "" Ta "Current key table"
1.359 nicm 3910: .It Li "client_last_session" Ta "" Ta "Name of the client's last session"
1.540 nicm 3911: .It Li "client_name" Ta "" Ta "Name of client"
1.437 nicm 3912: .It Li "client_pid" Ta "" Ta "PID of client process"
1.359 nicm 3913: .It Li "client_prefix" Ta "" Ta "1 if prefix key has been pressed"
3914: .It Li "client_readonly" Ta "" Ta "1 if client is readonly"
3915: .It Li "client_session" Ta "" Ta "Name of the client's session"
3916: .It Li "client_termname" Ta "" Ta "Terminal name of client"
1.524 nicm 3917: .It Li "client_termtype" Ta "" Ta "Terminal type of client"
1.359 nicm 3918: .It Li "client_tty" Ta "" Ta "Pseudo terminal of client"
3919: .It Li "client_utf8" Ta "" Ta "1 if client supports utf8"
3920: .It Li "client_width" Ta "" Ta "Width of client"
1.541 nicm 3921: .It Li "client_written" Ta "" Ta "Bytes written to client"
1.509 nicm 3922: .It Li "command" Ta "" Ta "Name of command in use, if any"
1.489 nicm 3923: .It Li "command_list_name" Ta "" Ta "Command name if listing commands"
3924: .It Li "command_list_alias" Ta "" Ta "Command alias if listing commands"
3925: .It Li "command_list_usage" Ta "" Ta "Command usage if listing commands"
1.359 nicm 3926: .It Li "cursor_flag" Ta "" Ta "Pane cursor flag"
1.631 nicm 3927: .It Li "cursor_character" Ta "" Ta "Character at cursor in pane"
1.359 nicm 3928: .It Li "cursor_x" Ta "" Ta "Cursor X position in pane"
3929: .It Li "cursor_y" Ta "" Ta "Cursor Y position in pane"
3930: .It Li "history_bytes" Ta "" Ta "Number of bytes in window history"
3931: .It Li "history_limit" Ta "" Ta "Maximum window history lines"
1.581 nicm 3932: .It Li "history_size" Ta "" Ta "Size of history in lines"
1.509 nicm 3933: .It Li "hook" Ta "" Ta "Name of running hook, if any"
1.511 nicm 3934: .It Li "hook_pane" Ta "" Ta "ID of pane where hook was run, if any"
1.510 nicm 3935: .It Li "hook_session" Ta "" Ta "ID of session where hook was run, if any"
3936: .It Li "hook_session_name" Ta "" Ta "Name of session where hook was run, if any"
3937: .It Li "hook_window" Ta "" Ta "ID of window where hook was run, if any"
3938: .It Li "hook_window_name" Ta "" Ta "Name of window where hook was run, if any"
1.359 nicm 3939: .It Li "host" Ta "#H" Ta "Hostname of local host"
3940: .It Li "host_short" Ta "#h" Ta "Hostname of local host (no domain name)"
3941: .It Li "insert_flag" Ta "" Ta "Pane insert flag"
3942: .It Li "keypad_cursor_flag" Ta "" Ta "Pane keypad cursor flag"
3943: .It Li "keypad_flag" Ta "" Ta "Pane keypad flag"
3944: .It Li "line" Ta "" Ta "Line number in the list"
3945: .It Li "mouse_any_flag" Ta "" Ta "Pane mouse any flag"
3946: .It Li "mouse_button_flag" Ta "" Ta "Pane mouse button flag"
3947: .It Li "mouse_standard_flag" Ta "" Ta "Pane mouse standard flag"
1.533 nicm 3948: .It Li "mouse_all_flag" Ta "" Ta "Pane mouse all flag"
1.359 nicm 3949: .It Li "pane_active" Ta "" Ta "1 if active pane"
1.570 nicm 3950: .It Li "pane_at_bottom" Ta "" Ta "1 if pane is at the bottom of window"
3951: .It Li "pane_at_left" Ta "" Ta "1 if pane is at the left of window"
3952: .It Li "pane_at_right" Ta "" Ta "1 if pane is at the right of window"
3953: .It Li "pane_at_top" Ta "" Ta "1 if pane is at the top of window"
1.396 nicm 3954: .It Li "pane_bottom" Ta "" Ta "Bottom of pane"
1.359 nicm 3955: .It Li "pane_current_command" Ta "" Ta "Current command if available"
3956: .It Li "pane_dead" Ta "" Ta "1 if pane is dead"
1.411 nicm 3957: .It Li "pane_dead_status" Ta "" Ta "Exit status of process in dead pane"
1.572 nicm 3958: .It Li "pane_format" Ta "" Ta "1 if format is for a pane (not assuming the current)"
1.359 nicm 3959: .It Li "pane_height" Ta "" Ta "Height of pane"
3960: .It Li "pane_id" Ta "#D" Ta "Unique pane ID"
3961: .It Li "pane_in_mode" Ta "" Ta "If pane is in a mode"
1.404 nicm 3962: .It Li "pane_input_off" Ta "" Ta "If input to pane is disabled"
1.359 nicm 3963: .It Li "pane_index" Ta "#P" Ta "Index of pane"
1.396 nicm 3964: .It Li "pane_left" Ta "" Ta "Left of pane"
1.549 nicm 3965: .It Li "pane_mode" Ta "" Ta "Name of pane mode, if any."
1.359 nicm 3966: .It Li "pane_pid" Ta "" Ta "PID of first process in pane"
1.567 nicm 3967: .It Li "pane_pipe" Ta "" Ta "1 if pane is being piped"
1.396 nicm 3968: .It Li "pane_right" Ta "" Ta "Right of pane"
1.546 nicm 3969: .It Li "pane_search_string" Ta "" Ta "Last search string in copy mode"
1.359 nicm 3970: .It Li "pane_start_command" Ta "" Ta "Command pane started with"
1.396 nicm 3971: .It Li "pane_synchronized" Ta "" Ta "If pane is synchronized"
1.359 nicm 3972: .It Li "pane_tabs" Ta "" Ta "Pane tab positions"
3973: .It Li "pane_title" Ta "#T" Ta "Title of pane"
1.396 nicm 3974: .It Li "pane_top" Ta "" Ta "Top of pane"
1.359 nicm 3975: .It Li "pane_tty" Ta "" Ta "Pseudo terminal of pane"
3976: .It Li "pane_width" Ta "" Ta "Width of pane"
1.437 nicm 3977: .It Li "pid" Ta "" Ta "Server PID"
1.606 nicm 3978: .It Li "rectangle_toggle" Ta "" Ta "1 if rectangle selection is activated"
1.359 nicm 3979: .It Li "scroll_region_lower" Ta "" Ta "Bottom of scroll region in pane"
3980: .It Li "scroll_region_upper" Ta "" Ta "Top of scroll region in pane"
1.452 nicm 3981: .It Li "scroll_position" Ta "" Ta "Scroll position in copy mode"
1.571 nicm 3982: .It Li "selection_present" Ta "" Ta "1 if selection started in copy mode"
1.430 nicm 3983: .It Li "session_alerts" Ta "" Ta "List of window indexes with alerts"
1.382 nicm 3984: .It Li "session_attached" Ta "" Ta "Number of clients session is attached to"
1.572 nicm 3985: .It Li "session_activity" Ta "" Ta "Time of session last activity"
3986: .It Li "session_created" Ta "" Ta "Time session created"
3987: .It Li "session_format" Ta "" Ta "1 if format is for a session (not assuming the current)"
3988: .It Li "session_last_attached" Ta "" Ta "Time session last attached"
1.536 nicm 3989: .It Li "session_group" Ta "" Ta "Name of session group"
1.586 nicm 3990: .It Li "session_group_size" Ta "" Ta "Size of session group"
1.587 nicm 3991: .It Li "session_group_list" Ta "" Ta "List of sessions in group"
1.359 nicm 3992: .It Li "session_grouped" Ta "" Ta "1 if session in a group"
3993: .It Li "session_id" Ta "" Ta "Unique session ID"
1.382 nicm 3994: .It Li "session_many_attached" Ta "" Ta "1 if multiple clients attached"
1.359 nicm 3995: .It Li "session_name" Ta "#S" Ta "Name of session"
1.548 nicm 3996: .It Li "session_stack" Ta "" Ta "Window indexes in most recent order"
1.359 nicm 3997: .It Li "session_windows" Ta "" Ta "Number of windows in session"
1.487 nicm 3998: .It Li "socket_path" Ta "" Ta "Server socket path"
1.465 nicm 3999: .It Li "start_time" Ta "" Ta "Server start time"
1.572 nicm 4000: .It Li "window_activity" Ta "" Ta "Time of window last activity"
1.487 nicm 4001: .It Li "window_activity_flag" Ta "" Ta "1 if window has activity"
1.359 nicm 4002: .It Li "window_active" Ta "" Ta "1 if window active"
1.366 nicm 4003: .It Li "window_bell_flag" Ta "" Ta "1 if window has bell"
1.642 ! nicm 4004: .It Li "window_bigger" Ta "" Ta "1 if window is larger than client"
1.621 nicm 4005: .It Li "window_end_flag" Ta "" Ta "1 if window has the highest index"
1.359 nicm 4006: .It Li "window_flags" Ta "#F" Ta "Window flags"
1.572 nicm 4007: .It Li "window_format" Ta "" Ta "1 if format is for a window (not assuming the current)"
1.359 nicm 4008: .It Li "window_height" Ta "" Ta "Height of window"
4009: .It Li "window_id" Ta "" Ta "Unique window ID"
4010: .It Li "window_index" Ta "#I" Ta "Index of window"
1.400 nicm 4011: .It Li "window_last_flag" Ta "" Ta "1 if window is the last used"
1.460 nicm 4012: .It Li "window_layout" Ta "" Ta "Window layout description, ignoring zoomed window panes"
1.426 nicm 4013: .It Li "window_linked" Ta "" Ta "1 if window is linked across sessions"
1.359 nicm 4014: .It Li "window_name" Ta "#W" Ta "Name of window"
1.642 ! nicm 4015: .It Li "window_offset_x" Ta "" Ta "X offset into window if larger than client"
! 4016: .It Li "window_offset_y" Ta "" Ta "Y offset into window if larger than client"
1.359 nicm 4017: .It Li "window_panes" Ta "" Ta "Number of panes in window"
1.366 nicm 4018: .It Li "window_silence_flag" Ta "" Ta "1 if window has silence alert"
1.548 nicm 4019: .It Li "window_stack_index" Ta "" Ta "Index in session most recent stack"
1.621 nicm 4020: .It Li "window_start_flag" Ta "" Ta "1 if window has the lowest index"
1.460 nicm 4021: .It Li "window_visible_layout" Ta "" Ta "Window layout description, respecting zoomed window panes"
1.359 nicm 4022: .It Li "window_width" Ta "" Ta "Width of window"
1.400 nicm 4023: .It Li "window_zoomed_flag" Ta "" Ta "1 if window is zoomed"
1.359 nicm 4024: .It Li "wrap_flag" Ta "" Ta "Pane wrap flag"
1.245 nicm 4025: .El
1.623 nicm 4026: .Sh STYLES
4027: .Nm
4028: offers various options to specify the colour and attributes of aspects of the
4029: interface, for example
4030: .Ic status-style
4031: for the status line.
4032: In addition, embedded styles may be specified in format options, such as
4033: .Ic status-left-format ,
4034: by enclosing them in
4035: .Ql #[
4036: and
1.639 nicm 4037: .Ql \&] .
1.623 nicm 4038: .Pp
4039: A style may be the single term
4040: .Ql default
4041: to specify the default style (which may inherit from another option) or a space
1.630 nicm 4042: or comma separated list of the following:
1.623 nicm 4043: .Bl -tag -width Ds
4044: .It Ic fg=colour
4045: Set the foreground colour.
4046: The colour is one of:
4047: .Ic black ,
4048: .Ic red ,
4049: .Ic green ,
4050: .Ic yellow ,
4051: .Ic blue ,
4052: .Ic magenta ,
4053: .Ic cyan ,
4054: .Ic white ;
4055: if supported the bright variants
4056: .Ic brightred ,
4057: .Ic brightgreen ,
4058: .Ic brightyellow ;
4059: .Ic colour0
4060: to
4061: .Ic colour255
4062: from the 256-colour set;
4063: .Ic default
4064: for the default colour;
4065: .Ic terminal
4066: for the terminal default colour; or a hexadecimal RGB string such as
4067: .Ql #ffffff .
4068: .It Ic bg=colour
4069: Set the background colour.
4070: .It Ic none
4071: Set no attributes (turn off any active attributes).
1.625 nicm 4072: .It Xo Ic bright
4073: (or
4074: .Ic bold ) ,
1.623 nicm 4075: .Ic dim ,
4076: .Ic underscore ,
4077: .Ic blink ,
4078: .Ic reverse ,
4079: .Ic hidden ,
4080: .Ic italics ,
4081: .Ic strikethrough ,
4082: .Ic double-underscore ,
4083: .Ic curly-underscore ,
4084: .Ic dotted-underscore ,
4085: .Ic dashed-underscore
4086: .Xc
4087: Set an attribute.
4088: Any of the attributes may be prefixed with
4089: .Ql no
4090: to unset.
1.625 nicm 4091: .It Xo Ic align=left
4092: (or
4093: .Ic noalign ) ,
4094: .Ic align=centre ,
4095: .Ic align=right
4096: .Xc
4097: Align text to the left, centre or right of the available space if appropriate.
4098: .It Xo Ic list=on ,
4099: .Ic list=focus ,
4100: .Ic list=left-marker ,
4101: .Ic list=right=marker ,
4102: .Ic nolist
4103: .Xc
4104: Mark the position of the various window list components in the
4105: .Ic status-format
4106: option:
4107: .Ic list=on
4108: marks the start of the list;
4109: .Ic list=focus
4110: is the part of the list that should be kept in focus if the entire list won't fit
4111: in the available space (typically the current window);
4112: .Ic list=left-marker
4113: and
4114: .Ic list=right-marker
4115: mark the text to be used to mark that text has been trimmed from the left or
4116: right of the list if there is not enough space.
4117: .It Xo Ic range=left ,
4118: .Ic range=right ,
4119: .Ic range=window|X ,
4120: .Ic norange
4121: .Xc
4122: Mark a range in the
4123: . Ic status-format
4124: option.
4125: .Ic range=left
4126: and
4127: .Ic range=right
4128: are the text used for the
4129: .Ql StatusLeft
4130: and
4131: .Ql StatusRight
4132: mouse keys.
4133: .Ic range=window|X
4134: is the range for a window passed to the
4135: .Ql Status
4136: mouse key, where
4137: .Ql X
4138: is a window index.
1.623 nicm 4139: .El
4140: .Pp
4141: Examples are:
4142: .Bd -literal -offset indent
1.630 nicm 4143: fg=yellow bold underscore blink
1.623 nicm 4144: bg=black,fg=default,noreverse
4145: .Ed
1.261 nicm 4146: .Sh NAMES AND TITLES
4147: .Nm
4148: distinguishes between names and titles.
4149: Windows and sessions have names, which may be used to specify them in targets
4150: and are displayed in the status line and various lists: the name is the
4151: .Nm
4152: identifier for a window or session.
4153: Only panes have titles.
1.577 nicm 4154: A pane's title is typically set by the program running inside the pane using
4155: an escape sequence (like it would set the
1.261 nicm 4156: .Xr xterm 1
1.577 nicm 4157: window title in
1.578 nicm 4158: .Xr X 7 ) .
1.268 nicm 4159: Windows themselves do not have titles - a window's title is the title of its
1.261 nicm 4160: active pane.
4161: .Nm
4162: itself may set the title of the terminal in which the client is running, see
4163: the
4164: .Ic set-titles
4165: option.
4166: .Pp
4167: A session's name is set with the
4168: .Ic new-session
4169: and
4170: .Ic rename-session
4171: commands.
4172: A window's name is set with one of:
4173: .Bl -enum -width Ds
4174: .It
4175: A command argument (such as
4176: .Fl n
4177: for
4178: .Ic new-window
4179: or
4180: .Ic new-session ) .
4181: .It
1.597 nicm 4182: An escape sequence (if the
4183: .Ic allow-rename
4184: option is turned on):
1.261 nicm 4185: .Bd -literal -offset indent
4186: $ printf '\e033kWINDOW_NAME\e033\e\e'
4187: .Ed
4188: .It
4189: Automatic renaming, which sets the name to the active command in the window's
4190: active pane.
4191: See the
4192: .Ic automatic-rename
4193: option.
4194: .El
4195: .Pp
4196: When a pane is first created, its title is the hostname.
1.612 nicm 4197: A pane's title can be set via the title setting escape sequence, for example:
1.261 nicm 4198: .Bd -literal -offset indent
4199: $ printf '\e033]2;My Title\e033\e\e'
4200: .Ed
1.577 nicm 4201: .Pp
4202: It can also be modified with the
4203: .Ic select-pane
4204: .Fl T
4205: command.
1.63 nicm 4206: .Sh ENVIRONMENT
4207: When the server is started,
4208: .Nm
4209: copies the environment into the
4210: .Em global environment ;
4211: in addition, each session has a
4212: .Em session environment .
1.193 nicm 4213: When a window is created, the session and global environments are merged.
4214: If a variable exists in both, the value from the session environment is used.
4215: The result is the initial environment passed to the new process.
1.63 nicm 4216: .Pp
4217: The
4218: .Ic update-environment
4219: session option may be used to update the session environment from the client
4220: when a new session is created or an old reattached.
4221: .Nm
4222: also initialises the
4223: .Ev TMUX
4224: variable with some internal information to allow commands to be executed
4225: from inside, and the
4226: .Ev TERM
4227: variable with the correct terminal setting of
4228: .Ql screen .
4229: .Pp
4230: Commands to alter and view the environment are:
4231: .Bl -tag -width Ds
4232: .It Xo Ic set-environment
4233: .Op Fl gru
4234: .Op Fl t Ar target-session
4235: .Ar name Op Ar value
4236: .Xc
1.115 nicm 4237: .D1 (alias: Ic setenv )
1.63 nicm 4238: Set or unset an environment variable.
4239: If
4240: .Fl g
4241: is used, the change is made in the global environment; otherwise, it is applied
4242: to the session environment for
4243: .Ar target-session .
4244: The
4245: .Fl u
4246: flag unsets a variable.
4247: .Fl r
4248: indicates the variable is to be removed from the environment before starting a
4249: new process.
4250: .It Xo Ic show-environment
1.442 nicm 4251: .Op Fl gs
1.63 nicm 4252: .Op Fl t Ar target-session
1.286 nicm 4253: .Op Ar variable
1.63 nicm 4254: .Xc
1.115 nicm 4255: .D1 (alias: Ic showenv )
1.63 nicm 4256: Display the environment for
4257: .Ar target-session
4258: or the global environment with
4259: .Fl g .
1.286 nicm 4260: If
4261: .Ar variable
4262: is omitted, all variables are shown.
1.63 nicm 4263: Variables removed from the environment are prefixed with
4264: .Ql - .
1.442 nicm 4265: If
4266: .Fl s
4267: is used, the output is formatted as a set of Bourne shell commands.
1.57 jmc 4268: .El
4269: .Sh STATUS LINE
4270: .Nm
4271: includes an optional status line which is displayed in the bottom line of each
4272: terminal.
1.626 nicm 4273: .Pp
4274: By default, the status line is enabled and one line in height (it may be
4275: disabled or made multiple lines with the
1.57 jmc 4276: .Ic status
4277: session option) and contains, from left-to-right: the name of the current
1.261 nicm 4278: session in square brackets; the window list; the title of the active pane
4279: in double quotes; and the time and date.
1.57 jmc 4280: .Pp
1.626 nicm 4281: Each line of the status line is configured with the
4282: .Ic status-format
4283: option.
4284: The default is made of three parts: configurable left and right sections (which
4285: may contain dynamic content such as the time or output from a shell command,
4286: see the
1.57 jmc 4287: .Ic status-left ,
4288: .Ic status-left-length ,
4289: .Ic status-right ,
4290: and
4291: .Ic status-right-length
4292: options below), and a central window list.
1.125 nicm 4293: By default, the window list shows the index, name and (if any) flag of the
4294: windows present in the current session in ascending numerical order.
4295: It may be customised with the
4296: .Ar window-status-format
4297: and
4298: .Ar window-status-current-format
4299: options.
1.57 jmc 4300: The flag is one of the following symbols appended to the window name:
4301: .Bl -column "Symbol" "Meaning" -offset indent
4302: .It Sy "Symbol" Ta Sy "Meaning"
4303: .It Li "*" Ta "Denotes the current window."
4304: .It Li "-" Ta "Marks the last window (previously selected)."
1.574 nicm 4305: .It Li "#" Ta "Window activity is monitored and activity has been detected."
4306: .It Li "\&!" Ta "Window bells are monitored and a bell has occurred in the window."
1.192 nicm 4307: .It Li "~" Ta "The window has been silent for the monitor-silence interval."
1.432 nicm 4308: .It Li "M" Ta "The window contains the marked pane."
1.349 nicm 4309: .It Li "Z" Ta "The window's active pane is zoomed."
1.57 jmc 4310: .El
4311: .Pp
4312: The # symbol relates to the
4313: .Ic monitor-activity
1.388 nicm 4314: window option.
1.57 jmc 4315: The window name is printed in inverted colours if an alert (bell, activity or
1.388 nicm 4316: silence) is present.
1.57 jmc 4317: .Pp
1.131 nicm 4318: The colour and attributes of the status line may be configured, the entire
4319: status line using the
1.378 nicm 4320: .Ic status-style
4321: session option and individual windows using the
4322: .Ic window-status-style
4323: window option.
1.57 jmc 4324: .Pp
1.131 nicm 4325: The status line is automatically refreshed at interval if it has changed, the
4326: interval may be controlled with the
1.57 jmc 4327: .Ic status-interval
4328: session option.
4329: .Pp
4330: Commands related to the status line are as follows:
4331: .Bl -tag -width Ds
4332: .It Xo Ic command-prompt
1.517 nicm 4333: .Op Fl 1i
1.235 nicm 4334: .Op Fl I Ar inputs
1.73 nicm 4335: .Op Fl p Ar prompts
1.57 jmc 4336: .Op Fl t Ar target-client
4337: .Op Ar template
4338: .Xc
4339: Open the command prompt in a client.
4340: This may be used from inside
4341: .Nm
4342: to execute commands interactively.
1.231 nicm 4343: .Pp
1.57 jmc 4344: If
4345: .Ar template
1.73 nicm 4346: is specified, it is used as the command.
1.235 nicm 4347: If present,
4348: .Fl I
4349: is a comma-separated list of the initial text for each prompt.
1.73 nicm 4350: If
4351: .Fl p
4352: is given,
4353: .Ar prompts
4354: is a comma-separated list of prompts which are displayed in order; otherwise
4355: a single prompt is displayed, constructed from
4356: .Ar template
4357: if it is present, or
4358: .Ql \&:
4359: if not.
1.231 nicm 4360: .Pp
1.73 nicm 4361: Before the command is executed, the first occurrence of the string
4362: .Ql %%
1.74 jmc 4363: and all occurrences of
1.73 nicm 4364: .Ql %1
1.492 nicm 4365: are replaced by the response to the first prompt, all
1.73 nicm 4366: .Ql %2
4367: are replaced with the response to the second prompt, and so on for further
1.74 jmc 4368: prompts.
4369: Up to nine prompt responses may be replaced
4370: .Po
4371: .Ql %1
1.73 nicm 4372: to
1.74 jmc 4373: .Ql %9
4374: .Pc .
1.513 nicm 4375: .Ql %%%
4376: is like
4377: .Ql %%
4378: but any quotation marks are escaped.
1.497 nicm 4379: .Pp
4380: .Fl 1
4381: makes the prompt only accept one key press, in this case the resulting input
4382: is a single character.
1.517 nicm 4383: .Fl i
4384: executes the command every time the prompt input changes instead of when the
4385: user exits the command prompt.
1.500 nicm 4386: .Pp
4387: The following keys have a special meaning in the command prompt, depending
4388: on the value of the
4389: .Ic status-keys
4390: option:
4391: .Bl -column "FunctionXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX" "viXXXX" "emacsX" -offset indent
4392: .It Sy "Function" Ta Sy "vi" Ta Sy "emacs"
4393: .It Li "Cancel command prompt" Ta "Escape" Ta "Escape"
4394: .It Li "Delete current word" Ta "" Ta "C-w"
4395: .It Li "Delete entire command" Ta "d" Ta "C-u"
4396: .It Li "Delete from cursor to end" Ta "D" Ta "C-k"
4397: .It Li "Execute command" Ta "Enter" Ta "Enter"
4398: .It Li "Get next command from history" Ta "" Ta "Down"
4399: .It Li "Get previous command from history" Ta "" Ta "Up"
4400: .It Li "Insert top paste buffer" Ta "p" Ta "C-y"
4401: .It Li "Look for completions" Ta "Tab" Ta "Tab"
4402: .It Li "Move cursor left" Ta "h" Ta "Left"
4403: .It Li "Move cursor right" Ta "l" Ta "Right"
4404: .It Li "Move cursor to end" Ta "$" Ta "C-e"
4405: .It Li "Move cursor to next word" Ta "w" Ta "M-f"
4406: .It Li "Move cursor to previous word" Ta "b" Ta "M-b"
4407: .It Li "Move cursor to start" Ta "0" Ta "C-a"
4408: .It Li "Transpose characters" Ta "" Ta "C-t"
4409: .El
1.57 jmc 4410: .It Xo Ic confirm-before
1.238 nicm 4411: .Op Fl p Ar prompt
1.57 jmc 4412: .Op Fl t Ar target-client
4413: .Ar command
4414: .Xc
4415: .D1 (alias: Ic confirm )
4416: Ask for confirmation before executing
4417: .Ar command .
1.238 nicm 4418: If
4419: .Fl p
4420: is given,
4421: .Ar prompt
4422: is the prompt to display; otherwise a prompt is constructed from
4423: .Ar command .
4424: It may contain the special character sequences supported by the
4425: .Ic status-left
4426: option.
4427: .Pp
1.57 jmc 4428: This command works only from inside
4429: .Nm .
4430: .It Xo Ic display-message
1.624 nicm 4431: .Op Fl apv
1.215 nicm 4432: .Op Fl c Ar target-client
4433: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1.57 jmc 4434: .Op Ar message
4435: .Xc
4436: .D1 (alias: Ic display )
1.127 nicm 4437: Display a message.
4438: If
4439: .Fl p
4440: is given, the output is printed to stdout, otherwise it is displayed in the
4441: .Ar target-client
4442: status line.
1.122 nicm 4443: The format of
1.124 jmc 4444: .Ar message
1.275 nicm 4445: is described in the
4446: .Sx FORMATS
4447: section; information is taken from
1.215 nicm 4448: .Ar target-pane
4449: if
4450: .Fl t
4451: is given, otherwise the active pane for the session attached to
4452: .Ar target-client .
1.622 nicm 4453: .Pp
1.624 nicm 4454: .Fl v
4455: prints verbose logging as the format is parsed and
4456: .Fl a
4457: lists the format variables and their values.
1.57 jmc 4458: .El
4459: .Sh BUFFERS
4460: .Nm
1.392 nicm 4461: maintains a set of named
1.199 nicm 4462: .Em paste buffers .
1.392 nicm 4463: Each buffer may be either explicitly or automatically named.
4464: Explicitly named buffers are named when created with the
4465: .Ic set-buffer
4466: or
4467: .Ic load-buffer
4468: commands, or by renaming an automatically named buffer with
4469: .Ic set-buffer
4470: .Fl n .
4471: Automatically named buffers are given a name such as
4472: .Ql buffer0001 ,
4473: .Ql buffer0002
4474: and so on.
4475: When the
4476: .Ic buffer-limit
4477: option is reached, the oldest automatically named buffer is deleted.
1.493 nicm 4478: Explicitly named buffers are not subject to
1.57 jmc 4479: .Ic buffer-limit
1.392 nicm 4480: and may be deleted with
4481: .Ic delete-buffer
4482: command.
4483: .Pp
1.57 jmc 4484: Buffers may be added using
4485: .Ic copy-mode
4486: or the
4487: .Ic set-buffer
1.392 nicm 4488: and
4489: .Ic load-buffer
4490: commands, and pasted into a window using the
1.57 jmc 4491: .Ic paste-buffer
4492: command.
1.392 nicm 4493: If a buffer command is used and no buffer is specified, the most
4494: recently added automatically named buffer is assumed.
1.57 jmc 4495: .Pp
4496: A configurable history buffer is also maintained for each window.
4497: By default, up to 2000 lines are kept; this can be altered with the
4498: .Ic history-limit
4499: option (see the
4500: .Ic set-option
4501: command above).
4502: .Pp
4503: The buffer commands are as follows:
4504: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.178 nicm 4505: .It Xo
4506: .Ic choose-buffer
1.593 nicm 4507: .Op Fl NZ
1.572 nicm 4508: .Op Fl F Ar format
1.562 nicm 4509: .Op Fl f Ar filter
1.561 nicm 4510: .Op Fl O Ar sort-order
1.555 nicm 4511: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1.178 nicm 4512: .Op Ar template
4513: .Xc
1.555 nicm 4514: Put a pane into buffer mode, where a buffer may be chosen interactively from
4515: a list.
1.593 nicm 4516: .Fl Z
4517: zooms the pane.
1.555 nicm 4518: The following keys may be used in buffer mode:
4519: .Bl -column "Key" "Function" -offset indent
4520: .It Sy "Key" Ta Sy "Function"
1.582 nicm 4521: .It Li "Enter" Ta "Paste selected buffer"
1.555 nicm 4522: .It Li "Up" Ta "Select previous buffer"
4523: .It Li "Down" Ta "Select next buffer"
1.559 nicm 4524: .It Li "C-s" Ta "Search by name or content"
4525: .It Li "n" Ta "Repeat last search"
1.555 nicm 4526: .It Li "t" Ta "Toggle if buffer is tagged"
4527: .It Li "T" Ta "Tag no buffers"
4528: .It Li "C-t" Ta "Tag all buffers"
1.582 nicm 4529: .It Li "p" Ta "Paste selected buffer"
4530: .It Li "P" Ta "Paste tagged buffers"
1.555 nicm 4531: .It Li "d" Ta "Delete selected buffer"
4532: .It Li "D" Ta "Delete tagged buffers"
1.562 nicm 4533: .It Li "f" Ta "Enter a format to filter items"
1.555 nicm 4534: .It Li "O" Ta "Change sort order"
1.576 nicm 4535: .It Li "v" Ta "Toggle preview"
1.555 nicm 4536: .It Li "q" Ta "Exit mode"
4537: .El
4538: .Pp
4539: After a buffer is chosen,
1.178 nicm 4540: .Ql %%
1.392 nicm 4541: is replaced by the buffer name in
1.178 nicm 4542: .Ar template
4543: and the result executed as a command.
4544: If
4545: .Ar template
4546: is not given, "paste-buffer -b '%%'" is used.
1.555 nicm 4547: .Pp
1.561 nicm 4548: .Fl O
4549: specifies the initial sort order: one of
4550: .Ql time ,
4551: .Ql name
4552: or
4553: .Ql size .
1.562 nicm 4554: .Fl f
1.579 nicm 4555: specifies an initial filter: the filter is a format - if it evaluates to zero,
4556: the item in the list is not shown, otherwise it is shown.
4557: If a filter would lead to an empty list, it is ignored.
1.572 nicm 4558: .Fl F
4559: specifies the format for each item in the list.
1.576 nicm 4560: .Fl N
4561: starts without the preview.
1.314 nicm 4562: This command works only if at least one client is attached.
1.57 jmc 4563: .It Ic clear-history Op Fl t Ar target-pane
4564: .D1 (alias: Ic clearhist )
4565: Remove and free the history for the specified pane.
1.392 nicm 4566: .It Ic delete-buffer Op Fl b Ar buffer-name
1.57 jmc 4567: .D1 (alias: Ic deleteb )
1.392 nicm 4568: Delete the buffer named
4569: .Ar buffer-name ,
4570: or the most recently added automatically named buffer if not specified.
1.294 nicm 4571: .It Xo Ic list-buffers
4572: .Op Fl F Ar format
4573: .Xc
1.57 jmc 4574: .D1 (alias: Ic lsb )
1.198 nicm 4575: List the global buffers.
1.294 nicm 4576: For the meaning of the
4577: .Fl F
4578: flag, see the
4579: .Sx FORMATS
4580: section.
1.200 jmc 4581: .It Xo Ic load-buffer
1.392 nicm 4582: .Op Fl b Ar buffer-name
1.57 jmc 4583: .Ar path
4584: .Xc
4585: .D1 (alias: Ic loadb )
4586: Load the contents of the specified paste buffer from
4587: .Ar path .
4588: .It Xo Ic paste-buffer
1.278 nicm 4589: .Op Fl dpr
1.392 nicm 4590: .Op Fl b Ar buffer-name
1.170 nicm 4591: .Op Fl s Ar separator
1.158 nicm 4592: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1.57 jmc 4593: .Xc
4594: .D1 (alias: Ic pasteb )
1.158 nicm 4595: Insert the contents of a paste buffer into the specified pane.
4596: If not specified, paste into the current one.
1.57 jmc 4597: With
4598: .Fl d ,
1.392 nicm 4599: also delete the paste buffer.
1.57 jmc 4600: When output, any linefeed (LF) characters in the paste buffer are replaced with
1.170 nicm 4601: a separator, by default carriage return (CR).
4602: A custom separator may be specified using the
4603: .Fl s
4604: flag.
4605: The
1.57 jmc 4606: .Fl r
1.170 nicm 4607: flag means to do no replacement (equivalent to a separator of LF).
1.278 nicm 4608: If
4609: .Fl p
4610: is specified, paste bracket control codes are inserted around the
4611: buffer if the application has requested bracketed paste mode.
1.57 jmc 4612: .It Xo Ic save-buffer
4613: .Op Fl a
1.392 nicm 4614: .Op Fl b Ar buffer-name
1.57 jmc 4615: .Ar path
4616: .Xc
4617: .D1 (alias: Ic saveb )
4618: Save the contents of the specified paste buffer to
4619: .Ar path .
4620: The
4621: .Fl a
4622: option appends to rather than overwriting the file.
4623: .It Xo Ic set-buffer
1.383 nicm 4624: .Op Fl a
1.392 nicm 4625: .Op Fl b Ar buffer-name
4626: .Op Fl n Ar new-buffer-name
1.57 jmc 4627: .Ar data
4628: .Xc
4629: .D1 (alias: Ic setb )
4630: Set the contents of the specified buffer to
4631: .Ar data .
1.383 nicm 4632: The
4633: .Fl a
4634: option appends to rather than overwriting the buffer.
1.392 nicm 4635: The
4636: .Fl n
4637: option renames the buffer to
4638: .Ar new-buffer-name .
1.1 nicm 4639: .It Xo Ic show-buffer
1.392 nicm 4640: .Op Fl b Ar buffer-name
1.1 nicm 4641: .Xc
4642: .D1 (alias: Ic showb )
4643: Display the contents of the specified buffer.
1.57 jmc 4644: .El
4645: .Sh MISCELLANEOUS
4646: Miscellaneous commands are as follows:
4647: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.72 nicm 4648: .It Ic clock-mode Op Fl t Ar target-pane
1.57 jmc 4649: Display a large clock.
1.334 nicm 4650: .It Xo Ic if-shell
1.410 nicm 4651: .Op Fl bF
1.334 nicm 4652: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
4653: .Ar shell-command command
4654: .Op Ar command
4655: .Xc
1.57 jmc 4656: .D1 (alias: Ic if )
1.251 nicm 4657: Execute the first
1.57 jmc 4658: .Ar command
4659: if
4660: .Ar shell-command
1.251 nicm 4661: returns success or the second
4662: .Ar command
4663: otherwise.
1.410 nicm 4664: Before being executed,
4665: .Ar shell-command
4666: is expanded using the rules specified in the
1.334 nicm 4667: .Sx FORMATS
4668: section, including those relevant to
4669: .Ar target-pane .
1.335 nicm 4670: With
4671: .Fl b ,
4672: .Ar shell-command
4673: is run in the background.
1.410 nicm 4674: .Pp
4675: If
4676: .Fl F
4677: is given,
4678: .Ar shell-command
4679: is not executed but considered success if neither empty nor zero (after formats
4680: are expanded).
1.57 jmc 4681: .It Ic lock-server
4682: .D1 (alias: Ic lock )
1.90 nicm 4683: Lock each client individually by running the command specified by the
4684: .Ic lock-command
4685: option.
1.308 nicm 4686: .It Xo Ic run-shell
1.357 nicm 4687: .Op Fl b
1.308 nicm 4688: .Op Fl t Ar target-pane
4689: .Ar shell-command
4690: .Xc
1.87 nicm 4691: .D1 (alias: Ic run )
4692: Execute
1.153 nicm 4693: .Ar shell-command
1.106 nicm 4694: in the background without creating a window.
1.334 nicm 4695: Before being executed, shell-command is expanded using the rules specified in
4696: the
4697: .Sx FORMATS
4698: section.
1.335 nicm 4699: With
4700: .Fl b ,
4701: the command is run in the background.
1.308 nicm 4702: After it finishes, any output to stdout is displayed in copy mode (in the pane
4703: specified by
4704: .Fl t
4705: or the current pane if omitted).
1.153 nicm 4706: If the command doesn't return success, the exit status is also displayed.
1.342 nicm 4707: .It Xo Ic wait-for
1.370 nicm 4708: .Op Fl L | S | U
1.342 nicm 4709: .Ar channel
4710: .Xc
4711: .D1 (alias: Ic wait )
1.343 nicm 4712: When used without options, prevents the client from exiting until woken using
1.342 nicm 4713: .Ic wait-for
4714: .Fl S
4715: with the same channel.
1.343 nicm 4716: When
4717: .Fl L
4718: is used, the channel is locked and any clients that try to lock the same
4719: channel are made to wait until the channel is unlocked with
4720: .Ic wait-for
4721: .Fl U .
1.228 nicm 4722: .El
4723: .Sh TERMINFO EXTENSIONS
4724: .Nm
1.478 nicm 4725: understands some unofficial extensions to
1.228 nicm 4726: .Xr terminfo 5 :
4727: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.360 nicm 4728: .It Em Cs , Cr
1.233 nicm 4729: Set the cursor colour.
1.232 jmc 4730: The first takes a single string argument and is used to set the colour;
4731: the second takes no arguments and restores the default cursor colour.
4732: If set, a sequence such as this may be used
4733: to change the cursor colour from inside
4734: .Nm :
4735: .Bd -literal -offset indent
4736: $ printf '\e033]12;red\e033\e\e'
4737: .Ed
1.611 nicm 4738: .It Em \&Smulx
4739: Set a styled underline.
4740: The single parameter is one of: 0 for no underline, 1 for normal
4741: underline, 2 for double underline, 3 for curly underline, 4 for dotted
4742: underline and 5 for dashed underline.
1.361 jmc 4743: .It Em \&Ss , Se
1.403 nicm 4744: Set or reset the cursor style.
1.232 jmc 4745: If set, a sequence such as this may be used
4746: to change the cursor to an underline:
1.230 nicm 4747: .Bd -literal -offset indent
4748: $ printf '\e033[4 q'
4749: .Ed
4750: .Pp
4751: If
1.403 nicm 4752: .Em Se
4753: is not set, \&Ss with argument 0 will be used to reset the cursor style instead.
1.478 nicm 4754: .It Em \&Tc
4755: Indicate that the terminal supports the
4756: .Ql direct colour
4757: RGB escape sequence (for example, \ee[38;2;255;255;255m).
1.518 nicm 4758: .Pp
1.612 nicm 4759: If supported, this is used for the initialize colour escape sequence (which
1.518 nicm 4760: may be enabled by adding the
4761: .Ql initc
4762: and
4763: .Ql ccc
4764: capabilities to the
4765: .Nm
4766: .Xr terminfo 5
4767: entry).
1.232 jmc 4768: .It Em \&Ms
1.478 nicm 4769: Store the current buffer in the host terminal's selection (clipboard).
1.232 jmc 4770: See the
4771: .Em set-clipboard
4772: option above and the
4773: .Xr xterm 1
4774: man page.
1.345 nicm 4775: .El
4776: .Sh CONTROL MODE
4777: .Nm
4778: offers a textual interface called
4779: .Em control mode .
4780: This allows applications to communicate with
4781: .Nm
4782: using a simple text-only protocol.
4783: .Pp
4784: In control mode, a client sends
4785: .Nm
4786: commands or command sequences terminated by newlines on standard input.
4787: Each command will produce one block of output on standard output.
4788: An output block consists of a
4789: .Em %begin
4790: line followed by the output (which may be empty).
4791: The output block ends with a
4792: .Em %end
4793: or
4794: .Em %error .
4795: .Em %begin
4796: and matching
4797: .Em %end
4798: or
4799: .Em %error
4800: have two arguments: an integer time (as seconds from epoch) and command number.
4801: For example:
4802: .Bd -literal -offset indent
4803: %begin 1363006971 2
4804: 0: ksh* (1 panes) [80x24] [layout b25f,80x24,0,0,2] @2 (active)
4805: %end 1363006971 2
4806: .Ed
1.535 nicm 4807: .Pp
4808: The
4809: .Ic refresh-client
4810: .Fl C
4811: command may be used to set the size of a client in control mode.
1.345 nicm 4812: .Pp
4813: In control mode,
4814: .Nm
4815: outputs notifications.
4816: A notification will never occur inside an output block.
4817: .Pp
4818: The following notifications are defined:
4819: .Bl -tag -width Ds
1.547 nicm 4820: .It Ic %client-session-changed Ar client Ar session-id Ar name
4821: The client is now attached to the session with ID
4822: .Ar session-id ,
4823: which is named
4824: .Ar name .
1.345 nicm 4825: .It Ic %exit Op Ar reason
4826: The
4827: .Nm
4828: client is exiting immediately, either because it is not attached to any session
4829: or an error occurred.
4830: If present,
4831: .Ar reason
4832: describes why the client exited.
1.460 nicm 4833: .It Ic %layout-change Ar window-id Ar window-layout Ar window-visible-layout Ar window-flags
1.345 nicm 4834: The layout of a window with ID
4835: .Ar window-id
4836: changed.
4837: The new layout is
4838: .Ar window-layout .
1.460 nicm 4839: The window's visible layout is
4840: .Ar window-visible-layout
4841: and the window flags are
4842: .Ar window-flags .
1.347 nicm 4843: .It Ic %output Ar pane-id Ar value
4844: A window pane produced output.
1.345 nicm 4845: .Ar value
1.350 nicm 4846: escapes non-printable characters and backslash as octal \\xxx.
1.547 nicm 4847: .It Ic %pane-mode-changed Ar pane-id
4848: The pane with ID
4849: .Ar pane-id
4850: has changed mode.
1.345 nicm 4851: .It Ic %session-changed Ar session-id Ar name
4852: The client is now attached to the session with ID
4853: .Ar session-id ,
4854: which is named
4855: .Ar name .
4856: .It Ic %session-renamed Ar name
4857: The current session was renamed to
4858: .Ar name .
1.547 nicm 4859: .It Ic %session-window-changed Ar session-id Ar window-id
4860: The session with ID
4861: .Ar session-id
4862: changed its active window to the window with ID
4863: .Ar window-id .
1.345 nicm 4864: .It Ic %sessions-changed
4865: A session was created or destroyed.
4866: .It Ic %unlinked-window-add Ar window-id
4867: The window with ID
4868: .Ar window-id
4869: was created but is not linked to the current session.
4870: .It Ic %window-add Ar window-id
4871: The window with ID
4872: .Ar window-id
4873: was linked to the current session.
4874: .It Ic %window-close Ar window-id
4875: The window with ID
4876: .Ar window-id
4877: closed.
1.547 nicm 4878: .It Ic %window-pane-changed Ar window-id Ar pane-id
4879: The active pane in the window with ID
4880: .Ar window-id
4881: changed to the pane with ID
4882: .Ar pane-id .
1.345 nicm 4883: .It Ic %window-renamed Ar window-id Ar name
4884: The window with ID
4885: .Ar window-id
4886: was renamed to
4887: .Ar name .
1.1 nicm 4888: .El
4889: .Sh FILES
1.26 nicm 4890: .Bl -tag -width "/etc/tmux.confXXX" -compact
1.1 nicm 4891: .It Pa ~/.tmux.conf
1.6 jmc 4892: Default
1.1 nicm 4893: .Nm
1.6 jmc 4894: configuration file.
1.26 nicm 4895: .It Pa /etc/tmux.conf
4896: System-wide configuration file.
1.1 nicm 4897: .El
1.57 jmc 4898: .Sh EXAMPLES
4899: To create a new
4900: .Nm
4901: session running
4902: .Xr vi 1 :
4903: .Pp
4904: .Dl $ tmux new-session vi
4905: .Pp
4906: Most commands have a shorter form, known as an alias.
4907: For new-session, this is
4908: .Ic new :
4909: .Pp
4910: .Dl $ tmux new vi
4911: .Pp
4912: Alternatively, the shortest unambiguous form of a command is accepted.
4913: If there are several options, they are listed:
4914: .Bd -literal -offset indent
4915: $ tmux n
4916: ambiguous command: n, could be: new-session, new-window, next-window
4917: .Ed
4918: .Pp
4919: Within an active session, a new window may be created by typing
4920: .Ql C-b c
4921: (Ctrl
4922: followed by the
4923: .Ql b
4924: key
4925: followed by the
4926: .Ql c
4927: key).
4928: .Pp
4929: Windows may be navigated with:
4930: .Ql C-b 0
4931: (to select window 0),
4932: .Ql C-b 1
4933: (to select window 1), and so on;
4934: .Ql C-b n
4935: to select the next window; and
4936: .Ql C-b p
4937: to select the previous window.
4938: .Pp
4939: A session may be detached using
4940: .Ql C-b d
1.64 nicm 4941: (or by an external event such as
4942: .Xr ssh 1
4943: disconnection) and reattached with:
1.57 jmc 4944: .Pp
4945: .Dl $ tmux attach-session
4946: .Pp
4947: Typing
4948: .Ql C-b \&?
4949: lists the current key bindings in the current window; up and down may be used
4950: to navigate the list or
4951: .Ql q
4952: to exit from it.
4953: .Pp
4954: Commands to be run when the
4955: .Nm
4956: server is started may be placed in the
4957: .Pa ~/.tmux.conf
4958: configuration file.
4959: Common examples include:
4960: .Pp
4961: Changing the default prefix key:
4962: .Bd -literal -offset indent
4963: set-option -g prefix C-a
4964: unbind-key C-b
4965: bind-key C-a send-prefix
4966: .Ed
4967: .Pp
4968: Turning the status line off, or changing its colour:
4969: .Bd -literal -offset indent
4970: set-option -g status off
1.378 nicm 4971: set-option -g status-style bg=blue
1.57 jmc 4972: .Ed
4973: .Pp
4974: Setting other options, such as the default command,
4975: or locking after 30 minutes of inactivity:
4976: .Bd -literal -offset indent
4977: set-option -g default-command "exec /bin/ksh"
4978: set-option -g lock-after-time 1800
4979: .Ed
4980: .Pp
4981: Creating new key bindings:
4982: .Bd -literal -offset indent
4983: bind-key b set-option status
4984: bind-key / command-prompt "split-window 'exec man %%'"
1.73 nicm 4985: bind-key S command-prompt "new-window -n %1 'ssh %1'"
1.57 jmc 4986: .Ed
1.1 nicm 4987: .Sh SEE ALSO
4988: .Xr pty 4
4989: .Sh AUTHORS
1.477 nicm 4990: .An Nicholas Marriott Aq Mt nicholas.marriott@gmail.com
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