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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<!doctype html>

<html>

<head>

<title>OpenBSD 3.9</title>

</head>

<style>

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color: var(--red);

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#sourcecode p {

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<h2>

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3.9

</h2>

<table>

<tr>

<td>

<img align="left" width="255" height="343" hspace="24"

<img width="255" height="343"

src="images/Blob.jpg" alt="OpenBSD 3.9 logo"></a>

src="images/Blob.jpg" alt="Blob"></a>

<p>

<td>

Released May 1, 2006<br>

<br>

3.9 Song: <a href="lyrics.html#39">"Blob!"</a>

<br>

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<ul>

<li>See the information on <a href="ftp.html">The FTP page</a> for

a list of mirror machines.

<li>Go to the <font color="#e00000">pub/OpenBSD/3.9/</font> directory on

<li>Go to the <code class=reldir>pub/OpenBSD/3.9/</code> directory on

one of the mirror sites.

<li>Have a look at <a href="errata39.html">The 3.9 Errata page</a> for a list

of bugs and workarounds.

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All applicable copyrights and credits are in the src.tar.gz,

sys.tar.gz, xenocara.tar.gz, ports.tar.gz files, or in the

files fetched via ports.tar.gz.

</table>

<hr>

<p>

<p>

This is a partial list of new features and systems included in OpenBSD 3.9.

For a comprehensive list, see the <a href="plus39.html">changelog</a> leading

to 3.9.

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via the following subsystems:

<ul>

<li>Dell's Embedded Server Management

(<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=esm&sektion=4&arch=i386">esm</a>)

(<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/i386/esm.4">esm</a>)

<li>Intelligent Platform Management Interface

(<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ipmi&sektion=4">ipmi</a>)

(<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ipmi.4">ipmi</a>)

<li>I2C/SMBus sensor subsystems found on most motherboards

(<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=iic&sektion=4">iic</a>)

(<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/iic.4">iic</a>)

</ul>

<li>Touchpad on recent Apple laptops

(<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=tpms&sektion=4&arch=macppc">tpms</a>).

(<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/macppc/tpms.4">tpms</a>).

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=nfe&sektion=4">nfe</a>,

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/nfe.4">nfe</a>,

a binary blob free driver for the NVIDIA nForce Ethernet interface.

<li>Opteron systems now have all their PCI buses detected.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=cardbus&sektion=4">CardBus</a>

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/cardbus.4">CardBus</a>

and

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pcmcia&sektion=4">PCMCIA</a>

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pcmcia.4">PCMCIA</a>

support on <a href="amd64.html">OpenBSD/amd64</a>.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ixgb&sektion=4">ixgb</a>,

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ixgb.4">ixgb</a>,

Intel PRO/10GbE Ethernet.

<li>Support for new Intel i82571, i82572 and i82573 PCI Express based devices in the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=em&sektion=4">em(4)</a> driver.

<li>Support for new Intel i82571, i82572 and i82573 PCI Express based devices in the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/em.4">em(4)</a> driver.

<li>Support for new Broadcom BCM5714, BCM5715 and BCM5903M based devices in the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=bge&sektion=4">bge(4)</a> driver.

<li>Support for new Broadcom BCM5714, BCM5715 and BCM5903M based devices in the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bge.4">bge(4)</a> driver.

<li>Support for new Ralink RT2501 and RT2600 based devices in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ral&sektion=4">ral</a>.

<li>Support for new Ralink RT2501 and RT2600 based devices in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ral.4">ral</a>.

<li>Support for ASIX AX88178 Gigabit and AX88772 10/100 based devices in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=axe&sektion=4">axe(4)</a>.

<li>Support for ASIX AX88178 Gigabit and AX88772 10/100 based devices in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/axe.4">axe(4)</a>.

<li>Support for devices incorporating GCT RF transceivers in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=rtw&sektion=4">rtw</a>.

<li>Support for devices incorporating GCT RF transceivers in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rtw.4">rtw</a>.

<li>Zaurus remote control (<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=zrc&sektion=4&arch=zaurus">zrc</a>) support.

<li>Zaurus remote control (<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/zaurus/zrc.4">zrc</a>) support.

<li>Initial Sound Blaster Audigy support in the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=emu&sektion=4">emu(4)</a> driver.

<li>Initial Sound Blaster Audigy support in the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/emu.4">emu(4)</a> driver.

<li>The Level 1 LXT1001 Gigabit driver has been fixed and now works (<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=lge&sektion=4">lge(4)</a>).

<li>The Level 1 LXT1001 Gigabit driver has been fixed and now works (<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/lge.4">lge(4)</a>).

<li>More HP Smart ARRAY controllers recognized by the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ciss&sektion=4">ciss(4)</a> driver.

<li>More HP Smart ARRAY controllers recognized by the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ciss.4">ciss(4)</a> driver.

<li>Support the Intel i915 AGP.

<li>Support for both older and newer IDE and SATA controllers in the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pciide&sektion=4">pciide(4)</a> driver, including:

<li>Support for both older and newer IDE and SATA controllers in the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pciide.4">pciide(4)</a> driver, including:

<ul>

<li>ATI's IXP 200/300/400 IDE controllers

<li>Broadcom's ServerWorks HT-1000 IDE controller

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<li>VIA's VT6410 and VT8251 SATA controllers

<li>some newer NVIDIA SATA controllers

</ul>

<li>Added IBSS support to the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=iwi&sektion=4">iwi(4)</a> driver.

<li>Added IBSS support to the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/iwi.4">iwi(4)</a> driver.

<li>Added bus_dma support to the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=de&sektion=4">de(4)</a> and <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=san&sektion=4">san(4)</a> drivers.

<li>Added bus_dma support to the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/de.4">de(4)</a> and <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/san.4">san(4)</a> drivers.

<li>A lot of fixes and improvements to the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=uaudio&sektion=4">uaudio(4)</a> audio driver.

<li>A lot of fixes and improvements to the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/uaudio.4">uaudio(4)</a> audio driver.

<li>Support for the SMC SMC91C1xx Ethernet chips in the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=sm&sektion=4">sm(4)</a> driver as well as MII support.

<li>Support for the SMC SMC91C1xx Ethernet chips in the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sm.4">sm(4)</a> driver as well as MII support.

<li>New <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=adb&sektion=4">adb(4)</a> and framebuffer (<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=macfb&sektion=4">macfb(4)</a>) drivers on <a href="mac68k.html">OpenBSD/mac68k</a>, plus switch to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=wscons&sektion=4">wscons(4)</a>.

<li>New <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/adb.4">adb(4)</a> and framebuffer (<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/macfb.4">macfb(4)</a>) drivers on <a href="mac68k.html">OpenBSD/mac68k</a>, plus switch to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/wscons.4">wscons(4)</a>.

</ul>

<p>

<li>New tools:

<ul>

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ftp-proxy&sektion=8">ftp-proxy</a>

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ftp-proxy.8">ftp-proxy</a>

has been rewritten, and a tftp version,

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=tftp-proxy&sektion=8">tftp-proxy</a>,

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tftp-proxy.8">tftp-proxy</a>,

has been added.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=sdiff&sektion=1">sdiff</a>,

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sdiff.1">sdiff</a>,

a side-by-side file comparison tool.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=getent&sektion=1">getent</a>,

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/getent.1">getent</a>,

a tool to get entries from the administrative databases.

</ul>

<p>

<li>New functionality:

<ul>

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ancontrol&sektion=8">ancontrol</a>

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ancontrol.8">ancontrol</a>

functionality has been completely merged into

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ifconfig&sektion=8">ifconfig</a>.

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ifconfig.8">ifconfig</a>.

can be used to increase or decrease CPU speed automatically,

depending on CPU usage and, if supported, battery status.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=nc&sektion=1">nc(1)</a> now supports HTTP Proxy authentication, making it very useful as a ssh ProxyCommand.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/nc.1">nc(1)</a> now supports HTTP Proxy authentication, making it very useful as a ssh ProxyCommand.

<li>Userland <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ppp&sektion=8">ppp(8)</a> has IPv6 support.

<li>Userland <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ppp.8">ppp(8)</a> has IPv6 support.

<li>A number of fixes and new functionality for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=trunk&sektion=4">trunk(4)</a>:

<li>A number of fixes and new functionality for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/trunk.4">trunk(4)</a>:

<ul>

<li>New active/passive failover mode

<li>Fixed multicast support, for

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=carp&sektion=4">carp(4)</a> and

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/carp.4">carp(4)</a> and

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pfsync&sektion=4">pfsync(4)</a>

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pfsync.4">pfsync(4)</a>

over trunk interfaces.

<li>Interface capabilities depending on the trunk ports, for full-size

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=vlan&sektion=4">vlan(4)</a> MTUs.

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/vlan.4">vlan(4)</a> MTUs.

</ul>

<li>Improved functionality for

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ipsecctl&sektion=8">ipsecctl(8)</a>.

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ipsecctl.8">ipsecctl(8)</a>.

<li>Added multicast routing to GENERIC.

It is now possible to enable multicast routing in the kernel with the

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=sysctl&sektion=8">sysctl(8)</a> option net.inet.ip.mforwarding=1.

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sysctl.8">sysctl(8)</a> option net.inet.ip.mforwarding=1.

<li>It is now possible to set a default

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=vlan&sektion=4">vlan(4)</a> priority via

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/vlan.4">vlan(4)</a> priority via

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ifconfig&sektion=8">ifconfig(8)</a>.

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ifconfig.8">ifconfig(8)</a>.

</ul>

<p>

<li>Assorted improvements and code cleanup:

<ul>

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pcap&sektion=3">libpcap</a>

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pcap.3">libpcap</a>

has been updated with most of tcpdump.org's libpcap-0.9.4 API, without

the clutter.

<li>System libraries on most architectures are now compiled with debugging symbols,

which makes tools like <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=gdb&sektion=1">gdb(1)</a>

which makes tools like <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/gdb.1">gdb(1)</a>

much more useable.

<li>Header files have been rewritten to provide better C99 support.

<li>Linted versions of system libraries are now provided and <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=lint&sektion=1">lint(1)</a> has been substantially overhauled to produce less false positives and find new classes of problems.

<li>Linted versions of system libraries are now provided and <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/lint.1">lint(1)</a> has been substantially overhauled to produce less false positives and find new classes of problems.

wireless framework has been cleaned up and changed to use red-black

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=tree&sektion=3">tree(3)</a>s

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tree.3">tree(3)</a>s

instead of hash tables.

<li>The complete source tree has been audited for wrong usage of the

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=queue&sektion=3">queue(3)</a>

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/queue.3">queue(3)</a>

macros and facilities have been added to detect misuse.

<li>The

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=mg&sektion=1"

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mg.1"

>mg(1)</a> editor now includes an editable minibuffer, vastly improved

undo, completion buffers, and many other emacs-like improvements.

</ul>

<p>

<li>New functionality for

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=hostapd&sektion=8">hostapd(8)</a>,

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/hostapd.8">hostapd(8)</a>,

the Host Access Point Daemon:

<ul>

<li>Support for multiple wireless interfaces and per-interface event rules.

<li>New rate keyword for event rules, a requirement for using hostapd as a WIDS.

<li>Replaced hash tables with safer red-black

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=tree&sektion=3">tree(3)</a>s.

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tree.3">tree(3)</a>s.

<li>Improved multicast support and configuration options.

<li>Various bug fixes and improvements.

</ul>

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<li>OpenSSH 4.3:

<ul>

<li>Generate protocol 2 RSA keys in

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ssh-keygen&sektion=1">ssh-keygen</a>

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-keygen.1">ssh-keygen</a>

by default.

<li>Support for tunneling arbitrary network packets over a connection between

an OpenSSH client and server, as a true VPN.

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<li>X.Org 6.9.0 (+ patches, and i386 contains XFree86 3.3.6 servers

(+ patches) for legacy chipsets not supported by X.Org)

<li>Gcc 2.95.3

(+ <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=gcc-local&sektion=1">patches</a>)

(+ <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/gcc-local.1">patches</a>)

and 3.3.5

(+ <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=gcc-local&sektion=1">patches</a>)

(+ <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/gcc-local.1">patches</a>)

<li>Perl 5.8.6 (+ patches)

<li>Apache 1.3.29, mod_ssl 2.8.16, DSO support (+ patches)

<li>OpenSSL 0.9.7g (+ patches)

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<li>Binutils 2.15 (+ patches)

<li>Gdb 6.3

</ul>

<p>

</ul>

</section>

<hr>

<h3>How to install</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#0000e0">How to install</font></h3>

<p>

Following this are the instructions which you would have on a piece of

paper if you had purchased a CDROM set instead of doing an alternate

form of install. The instructions for doing an FTP (or other style

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</ul>

<hr>

<p>

Quick installer information for people familiar with OpenBSD, and the

use of the "disklabel -E" command. If you are at all confused when

installing OpenBSD, read the relevant INSTALL.* file as listed above!

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/i386:</font></h3>

<h3>OpenBSD/i386:</h3>

<ul>

<p>

Play with your BIOS options to enable booting from a CD. The OpenBSD/i386

release is on CD1. If your BIOS does not support booting from CD, you will need

to create a boot floppy to install from. To create a boot floppy write

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To make a boot floppy under MS-DOS, use the "rawrite" utility located

at <i>CD1:3.9/tools/rawrite.exe</i>. To make the boot floppy under a Unix OS,

use the

utility. The following is an example usage of

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=dd&sektion=1">dd(1)</a>,

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dd.1">dd(1)</a>,

where the device could be "floppy", "rfd0c", or

"rfd0a".

# <strong>dd if=<file> of=/dev/<device> bs=32k</strong>

</pre></ul>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

Make sure you use properly formatted perfect floppies with NO BAD BLOCKS or

your install will most likely fail. For more information on creating a boot

floppy and installing OpenBSD/i386 please refer to

<a href="faq/faq4.html#MkFlop">this page</a>.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/amd64:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/amd64:</font></h3>

<ul>

The 3.9 release of OpenBSD/amd64 is located on CD2.

Boot from the CD to begin the install - you may need to adjust

your BIOS options first.

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<p>

If you are planning to dual boot OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to

read INSTALL.amd64.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/macppc:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/macppc:</font></h3>

<ul>

Put CD2 in your CDROM drive and poweron your machine while holding down the

<i>C</i> key until the display turns on and shows <i>OpenBSD/macppc boot</i>.

<p>

Alternatively, at the Open Firmware prompt, enter <i>boot cd:,ofwboot

/3.9/macppc/bsd.rd</i>

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/sparc:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sparc:</font></h3>

<ul>

The 3.9 release of OpenBSD/sparc is located on CD3. To boot off of this CD you

can use one of the two commands listed below, depending on the version of your

ROM.

ok <strong>boot cdrom 3.9/sparc/bsd.rd</strong>

ok <kbd>boot cdrom 3.9/sparc/bsd.rd</kbd>

> <strong>b sd(0,6,0)3.9/sparc/bsd.rd</strong>

> <kbd>b sd(0,6,0)3.9/sparc/bsd.rd</kbd>

</pre></ul>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

If your SPARC system does not have a CD drive, you can alternatively boot from floppy.

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To boot from the floppy use one of the two commands listed below,

depending on the version of your ROM.

ok <strong>boot floppy</strong>

ok <kbd>boot floppy</kbd>

> <strong>b fd()</strong>

> <kbd>b fd()</kbd>

</pre></ul>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install

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If your SPARC system doesn't have a floppy drive nor a CD drive, you can either

setup a bootable tape, or install via network, as told in the

INSTALL.sparc file.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/sparc64:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sparc64:</font></h3>

<ul>

Put CD3 in your CDROM drive and type <i>boot cdrom</i>.

<p>

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<p>

If nothing works, you can boot over the network as described in INSTALL.sparc64.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/alpha:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/alpha:</font></h3>

Write <i>FTP:3.9/alpha/floppy39.fs</i> or

<ul>

<p>Write <i>FTP:3.9/alpha/floppy39.fs</i> or

<i>FTP:3.9/alpha/floppyB39.fs</i> (depending on your machine) to a diskette and

enter <i>boot dva0</i>. Refer to INSTALL.alpha for more details.

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Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install

will most likely fail.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/cats:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/cats:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

After updating the firmware to at least ABLE 1.95 if necessary, boot

<i>FTP:3.9/cats/bsd.rd</i> from an ABLE-supported device (such as a CD-ROM

or an existing FFS or EXT2FS partition).

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/hp300:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/hp300:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hp300.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/hppa:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/hppa:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hppa or the

<a href="hppa.html#install">hppa platform page</a>.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/luna88k:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/luna88k:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

Copy bsd.rd to a Mach or UniOS partition, and boot it from the PROM.

Alternatively, you can create a bootable tape and boot from it. Refer to

the instructions in INSTALL.luna88k for more details.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/mac68k:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mac68k:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

Boot MacOS as normal and extract the Macside "BSD/Mac68k Booter" utility from

<i>FTP:3.9/mac68k/utils</i> onto your hard disk. Configure the "BSD/Mac68k

Booter" with the location of your bsd.rd kernel and boot into the installer.

Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.mac68k for more details.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/mvme68k:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mvme68k:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>

The network boot requires a MVME68K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>

and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme68k

for more details.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/mvme88k:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mvme88k:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>

The network boot requires a MVME88K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>

and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme88k

for more details.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/sgi:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sgi:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

Burn cd39.iso on a CD-R, put it in the CD drive of your machine and

select <i>Install System Software</i> from the System Maintenance menu.

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If your machine doesn't have a CD drive, you can

setup a DHCP/tftp network server, and boot using "bootp()/bsd.rd".

Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.sgi for more details.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/vax:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/vax:</font></h3>

<ul>

Boot over the network via mopbooting as described in INSTALL.vax.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/zaurus:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/zaurus:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

Using the Linux built-in graphical ipkg installer, install the

openbsd39_arm.ipk package. Reboot, then run it. Read INSTALL.zaurus

for a few important details.

</ul>

</section>

<h3>Notes about the source code:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">Notes about the source code:</font></h3>

<ul>

src.tar.gz contains a source archive starting at /usr/src. This file

contains everything you need except for the kernel sources, which are

in a separate archive. To extract:

# <kbd>mkdir -p /usr/src</kbd>

# <kbd>cd /usr/src</kbd>

# <kbd>tar xvfz /tmp/src.tar.gz</kbd>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

# <strong>mkdir -p /usr/src</strong>

# <strong>cd /usr/src</strong>

# <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/src.tar.gz</strong>

</pre></ul>

<p>

sys.tar.gz contains a source archive starting at /usr/src/sys.

This file contains all the kernel sources you need to rebuild kernels.

To extract:

<p>

# <strong>mkdir -p /usr/src/sys</strong>

# <kbd>mkdir -p /usr/src/sys</kbd>

# <strong>cd /usr/src</strong>

# <kbd>cd /usr/src</kbd>

# <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/sys.tar.gz</strong>

</pre></ul>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

Both of these trees are a regular CVS checkout. Using these trees it

is possible to get a head-start on using the anoncvs servers as

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Using these files

results in a much faster initial CVS update than you could expect from

a fresh checkout of the full OpenBSD source tree.

<p>

</ul>

</section>

<hr>

<h3>How to upgrade</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#0000e0">How to upgrade</font></h3>

<p>

If you already have an OpenBSD 3.8 system, and do not want to reinstall,

upgrade instructions and advice can be found in the

<a href="faq/upgrade39.html">Upgrade Guide</a>.

</section>

<hr>

<h3>Ports Tree</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#0000e0">Ports Tree</font></h3>

<p>

A ports tree archive is also provided. To extract:

<p>

# <strong>cd /usr</strong>

# <kbd>cd /usr</kbd>

# <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/ports.tar.gz</strong>

# <kbd>tar xvfz /tmp/ports.tar.gz</kbd>

# <strong>cd ports</strong>

# <kbd>cd ports</kbd>

</pre></ul>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

The <i>ports/</i> subdirectory is a checkout of the OpenBSD ports tree. Go

read the <a href="faq/faq15.html">ports</a> page

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OpenBSD ports system.

<p>

The <i>ports/</i> directory represents a CVS (see the manpage for

cvs(1)</a> if

you aren't familiar with CVS) checkout of our ports. As with our complete

source tree, our ports tree is available via anoncvs. So, in

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available on a read-write medium and update the tree with a command

like:

<p>

# <strong>cd [portsdir]/; cvs -d anoncvs@server.openbsd.org:/cvs update -Pd -rOPENBSD_3_9</strong>

</pre></ul>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

[Of course, you must replace the local directory and server name here

with the location of your ports collection and a nearby anoncvs

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If you're interested in seeing a port added, would like to help out, or just

would like to know more, the mailing list ports@openbsd.org is a good

place to know.

<p>

</section>

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