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Annotation of www/47.html, Revision 1.7

1.1       deraadt     1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
                      2: <html>
                      3: <head>
                      4: <title>OpenBSD 4.7 Release</title>
                      5: <link rev=made href="mailto:www@openbsd.org">
                      6: <meta name="resource-type" content="document">
                      7: <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
                      8: <meta name="description" content="OpenBSD 4.7">
                      9: <meta name="keywords" content="openbsd,main">
                     10: <meta name="distribution" content="global">
                     11: <meta name="copyright" content="This document copyright 2008 by OpenBSD.">
                     12: </head>
                     13:
                     14: <body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#24248E">
                     15:
                     16: <a href="index.html">
                     17: <img alt="[OpenBSD]" height="30" width="141" hspace="24" src="images/smalltitle.gif" border="0"></a>
                     18: <hr>
                     19:
                     20: <p>
                     21: <a href="images/xxx.jpg">
                     22: <img align="left" width="227" height="343" hspace="24" vspace="30"
                     23: src="images/xxx.jpg" alt="OpenBSD 4.7 logo"></a>
                     24: <h2><font color="#0000e0">The OpenBSD 4.7 Release:</font></h2>
                     25: <p>
                     26: Released May 19, 2010<br>
                     27: Copyright 1997-2010, Theo de Raadt.<br>
                     28: <font color="#e00000">ISBN 978-0-9784475-5-7</font>
                     29: <br>
                     30: <a href="lyrics.html#47">4.7 Song: "xxx"</a>
                     31: <p>
                     32:
                     33: <a href="#new">What's New</a><br>
                     34: <a href="#install">How to install</a><br>
                     35: <a href="#upgrade">How to upgrade</a><br>
                     36: <a href="#ports">How to use the ports tree</a><br>
                     37: <a href="orders.html">Ordering a CD set</a><br>
                     38:
                     39: <p>
                     40: <h3><font color="#0000e0">
                     41: To get the files for this release:
                     42: <ul>
                     43: <li>Order a CDROM from our <a href="orders.html">ordering system</a>.
                     44: <li>See the information on <a href="ftp.html">The FTP page</a> for
                     45:     a list of mirror machines.
                     46: <li>Go to the <font color="#e00000">pub/OpenBSD/4.7/</font> directory on
                     47:     one of the mirror sites.
                     48: <li>Briefly read the rest of this document.
                     49: <li>Have a look at <a href="errata47.html">The 4.7 Errata page</a> for a list
                     50:     of bugs and workarounds.
                     51: <li>See a <a href="plus47.html">detailed log of changes</a> between the
                     52:     4.6 and 4.7 releases.
                     53: </ul>
                     54: </font></h3>
                     55: <br clear=all>
                     56:
                     57: <strong>Note:</strong> All applicable copyrights and credits can be found
                     58: in the applicable file sources found in the files src.tar.gz, sys.tar.gz,
                     59: xenocara.tar.gz, or in the files fetched via ports.tar.gz.  The distribution
                     60: files used to build packages from the ports.tar.gz file are not included on
                     61: the CDROM because of lack of space.
                     62: <p>
                     63:
                     64: <a name="new"></a>
                     65: <hr>
                     66: <p>
                     67: <h3><font color="#0000e0">What's New</font></h3>
                     68: <p>
                     69: This is a partial list of new features and systems included in OpenBSD 4.7.
                     70: For a comprehensive list, see the <a href="plus47.html">changelog</a> leading
                     71: to 4.7.
                     72: <p>
                     73:
                     74: <ul>
                     75:
                     76: <li>New/extended platforms:
                     77:     <ul>
1.7     ! kettenis   78:     <li><a href="alpha.html">OpenBSD/alpha</a>
        !            79:        <ul>
        !            80:        <li>Added support for the DS15/DS25/ES45.
        !            81:        </ul>
        !            82:     <li><a href="loongson.html">OpenBSD/loongson</a><br>
        !            83:        New platform for systems based on the Loongson 2E and 2F
        !            84:        MIPS-compatible processors.  Supported machines include:
        !            85:        <ul>
        !            86:        <li>Lemote Fuloong 2F mini-PC
        !            87:        <li>Lemote Lynloong all-in-one-PC
        !            88:        <li>Lemote Yeeloong netbook (8.9" and 10.1" models)
        !            89:        <li>EMTEC Gdium Liberty 1000 netbook
        !            90:        </ul>
        !            91:     <li><a href="sgi.html">OpenBSD/sgi</a>
        !            92:        <ul>
        !            93:        <li>Added support for the multi-node SGI Origin 200 systems in M mode.
        !            94:        <li>Added support for the SGI Origin 350.
        !            95:        <li>Added SMP support on the SGI Fuel and SGI Origin 350.
        !            96:        </ul>
        !            97:     <li><a href="socppc.html">OpenBSD/socppc</a>
        !            98:        <ul>
        !            99:        <li>Added support for the RouterBOARD RB600A.
        !           100:        </ul>
1.1       deraadt   101:     </ul>
                    102: <p>
                    103:
                    104: <li>Improved hardware support, including:
                    105:     <ul>
1.3       beck      106:     <li>Revamped SCSI midlayer and improved driver support
1.1       deraadt   107:     </ul>
                    108: <p>
                    109:
                    110: <li>New tools:
                    111:     <ul>
                    112:     <li>...
                    113:     </ul>
                    114: <p>
                    115:
1.6       beck      116: <li>Filesystem Midlayer improvements:
1.2       beck      117:     <ul>
                    118:     <li> Dynamic Buffer Cache now supported to a max size set with sysctl <tt>kern.bufcachepercent</tt>
                    119:     <li> Dynamic VFS name cache rewrite, now uses Red/Black trees instead of linked lists.
                    120:     <li> Numerous NFS client stability fixes.
                    121:     </ul>
                    122: <p>
                    123:
1.1       deraadt   124: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pf&amp;sektion=4">pf(4)</a> improvements:
                    125:     <ul>
                    126:     <li>...
                    127:     </ul>
                    128: <p>
                    129:
                    130: <li>OpenBGPD, OpenOSPFD and other routing daemon improvements:
                    131:     <ul>
                    132:     <li>...
                    133:     </ul>
                    134: <p>
                    135:
                    136: <li>Generic Network-Stack improvements:
                    137:     <ul>
                    138:     <li>...
                    139:     </ul>
                    140: <p>
                    141:
                    142: <li>Install/Upgrade process changes:
                    143:     <ul>
1.4       beck      144:     <li> You'll ususally only press enter.. It will scare you it's so easy.
1.1       deraadt   145:     </ul>
                    146: <p>
                    147:
                    148: <li>OpenSSH 5.3:
                    149:     <ul>
                    150:     <li>...
                    151:     </ul>
                    152: <p>
                    153:
                    154: <li>Over 5,800 ports, minor robustness improvements in package tools.
                    155: <li>Many pre-built packages for each architecture:
                    156:     <table border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 width="95%">
                    157:     <tr>
                    158:     <td valign="top" width="25%">
                    159:     <ul>
1.5       deraadt   160:     <li>i386:       5951
                    161:     <li>sparc64:    5745
                    162:     <li>alpha:      5489
1.1       deraadt   163: </ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>
1.5       deraadt   164:     <li>sh:         1261
                    165:     <li>amd64:      5889
                    166:     <li>powerpc:    5783
1.1       deraadt   167: </ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>
1.5       deraadt   168:     <li>sparc:      3584
                    169:     <li>arm:        839
                    170:     <li>hppa:       5179
1.1       deraadt   171: </ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>
1.5       deraadt   172:     <li>vax:        1785
                    173:     <li>mips64:     3677
                    174:     <li>mips64el:   3661
1.1       deraadt   175: </ul></td></tr></table>
                    176: Some highlights:
                    177:     <ul>
                    178:     <li>Gnome 2.24.3.
                    179:     <li>KDE 3.5.10.
                    180:     <li>Xfce 4.7.1.
                    181:     <li>MySQL 5.0.83.
                    182:     <li>PostgreSQL 8.3.7.
                    183:     <li>Postfix 2.6.2.
                    184:     <li>OpenLDAP 2.3.43.
                    185:     <li>Mozilla Firefox 3.0.11 and 3.5.
                    186:     <li>Mozilla Thunderbird 2.0.0.22.
                    187:     <li>OpenOffice.org 3.1.0.
                    188:     <li>Emacs 21.4 and 22.3
                    189:     <li>Vim 7.2.190.
                    190:     <li>PHP 5.2.10.
                    191:     <li>Python 2.4.7, 2.5.4 and 2.6.2.
                    192:     <li>Ruby 1.8.6.369.
                    193:     </ul>
                    194: <p>
                    195:
                    196: <li>As usual, steady improvements in manual pages and other documentation.
                    197: <p>
                    198:
                    199: <li>The system includes the following major components from outside suppliers:
                    200:     <ul>
                    201:     <li>Xenocara (based on X.Org 7.4 + patches, freetype 2.3.9,
                    202:         fontconfig 2.6.0, Mesa 7.4.2, xterm 243 and more)
                    203:     <li>Gcc 2.95.3 (+ patches) and 3.3.5 (+ patches)
                    204:     <li>Perl 5.10.0 (+ patches)
                    205:     <li>Our improved and secured version of Apache 1.3, with SSL/TLS
                    206:         and DSO support
                    207:     <li>OpenSSL 0.9.8k (+ patches)
                    208:     <li>Groff 1.15
                    209:     <li>Sendmail 8.14.3, with libmilter
                    210:     <li>Bind 9.4.2-P2 (+ patches)
                    211:     <li>Lynx 2.8.6rel.5 with HTTPS and IPv6 support (+ patches)
                    212:     <li>Sudo 1.7.2
                    213:     <li>Ncurses 5.2
                    214:     <li>Latest KAME IPv6
                    215:     <li>Heimdal 0.7.2 (+ patches)
                    216:     <li>Arla 0.35.7
                    217:     <li>Binutils 2.15 (+ patches)
                    218:     <li>Gdb 6.3 (+ patches)
                    219:     </ul>
                    220: <p>
                    221:
                    222: </ul>
                    223:
                    224: <a name="install"></a>
                    225: <hr>
                    226: <p>
                    227: <h3><font color="#0000e0">How to install</font></h3>
                    228: <p>
                    229: Following this are the instructions which you would have on a piece of
                    230: paper if you had purchased a CDROM set instead of doing an alternate
                    231: form of install.  The instructions for doing an FTP (or other style
                    232: of) install are very similar; the CDROM instructions are left intact
                    233: so that you can see how much easier it would have been if you had
                    234: purchased a CDROM instead.
                    235: <p>
                    236:
                    237: <hr>
                    238: Please refer to the following files on the three CDROMs or FTP mirror for
                    239: extensive details on how to install OpenBSD 4.7 on your machine:
                    240: <p>
                    241: <ul>
                    242: <li>CD1:4.7/i386/INSTALL.i386
                    243: <p>
                    244: <li>CD2:4.7/amd64/INSTALL.amd64
                    245: <li>CD2:4.7/macppc/INSTALL.macppc
                    246: <p>
                    247: <li>CD3:4.7/sparc64/INSTALL.sparc64
                    248: <p>
                    249: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.7/alpha/INSTALL.alpha
                    250: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.7/armish/INSTALL.armish
                    251: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.7/hp300/INSTALL.hp300
                    252: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.7/hppa/INSTALL.hppa
                    253: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.7/landisk/INSTALL.landisk
                    254: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.7/mac68k/INSTALL.mac68k
                    255: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.7/mvme68k/INSTALL.mvme68k
                    256: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.7/mvme88k/INSTALL.mvme88k
                    257: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.7/sgi/INSTALL.sgi
                    258: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.7/socppc/INSTALL.socppc
                    259: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.7/sparc/INSTALL.sparc
                    260: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.7/vax/INSTALL.vax
                    261: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.7/zaurus/INSTALL.zaurus
                    262: </ul>
                    263: <hr>
                    264:
                    265: <p>
                    266: Quick installer information for people familiar with OpenBSD, and the
                    267: use of the "disklabel -E" command.  If you are at all confused when
                    268: installing OpenBSD, read the relevant INSTALL.* file as listed above!
                    269: <p>
                    270:
                    271: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/i386:</font></h3>
                    272: <ul>
                    273: Play with your BIOS options to enable booting from a CD. The OpenBSD/i386
                    274: release is on CD1. If your BIOS does not support booting from CD, you will need
                    275: to create a boot floppy to install from. To create a boot floppy write
                    276: <i>CD1:4.7/i386/floppy47.fs</i> to a floppy and boot via the floppy drive.
                    277:
                    278: <p>
                    279: Use <i>CD1:4.7/i386/floppyB47.fs</i> instead for greater SCSI controller
                    280: support, or <i>CD1:4.7/i386/floppyC47.fs</i> for better laptop support.
                    281:
                    282: <p>
                    283: If you can't boot from a CD or a floppy disk,
                    284: you can install across the network using PXE as described in
                    285: the included INSTALL.i386 document.
                    286:
                    287: <p>
                    288: If you are planning on dual booting OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to
                    289: read INSTALL.i386.
                    290:
                    291: <p>
                    292: To make a boot floppy under MS-DOS, use the &quot;rawrite&quot; utility located
                    293: at <i>CD1:4.7/tools/rawrite.exe</i>. To make the boot floppy under a Unix OS,
                    294: use the
                    295: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dd&amp;sektion=1">dd(1)</a>
                    296: utility. The following is an example usage of
                    297: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dd&amp;sektion=1">dd(1)</a>,
                    298: where the device could be &quot;floppy&quot;, &quot;rfd0c&quot;, or
                    299: &quot;rfd0a&quot;.
                    300:
                    301: <ul><pre>
                    302: # <strong>dd if=&lt;file&gt; of=/dev/&lt;device&gt; bs=32k</strong>
                    303: </pre></ul>
                    304:
                    305: <p>
                    306: Make sure you use properly formatted perfect floppies with NO BAD BLOCKS or
                    307: your install will most likely fail. For more information on creating a boot
                    308: floppy and installing OpenBSD/i386 please refer to
                    309: <a href="faq/faq4.html#MkFlop">FAQ 4.3.1</a>.
                    310: </ul>
                    311:
                    312: <p>
                    313: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/amd64:</font></h3>
                    314: <ul>
                    315: The 4.7 release of OpenBSD/amd64 is located on CD2.
                    316: Boot from the CD to begin the install - you may need to adjust
                    317: your BIOS options first.
                    318: If you can't boot from the CD, you can create a boot floppy to install from.
                    319: To do this, write <i>CD2:4.7/amd64/floppy47.fs</i> to a floppy, then
                    320: boot from the floppy drive.
                    321:
                    322: <p>
                    323: If you can't boot from a CD or a floppy disk,
                    324: you can install across the network using PXE as described in the included
                    325: INSTALL.amd64 document.
                    326:
                    327: <p>
                    328: If you are planning to dual boot OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to
                    329: read INSTALL.amd64.
                    330: </ul>
                    331:
                    332: <p>
                    333: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/macppc:</font></h3>
                    334: <ul>
                    335: Put CD2 in your CDROM drive and poweron your machine while holding down the
                    336: <i>C</i> key until the display turns on and shows <i>OpenBSD/macppc boot</i>.
                    337:
                    338: <p>
                    339: Alternatively, at the Open Firmware prompt, enter <i>boot cd:,ofwboot
                    340: /4.7/macppc/bsd.rd</i>
                    341: </ul>
                    342:
                    343: <p>
                    344: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sparc64:</font></h3>
                    345: <ul>
                    346: Put CD3 in your CDROM drive and type <i>boot cdrom</i>.
                    347:
                    348: <p>
                    349: If this doesn't work, or if you don't have a CDROM drive, you can write
                    350: <i>CD3:4.7/sparc64/floppy47.fs</i> or <i>CD3:4.7/sparc64/floppyB47.fs</i>
                    351: (depending on your machine) to a floppy and boot it with <i>boot
                    352: floppy</i>. Refer to INSTALL.sparc64 for details.
                    353:
                    354: <p>
                    355: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
                    356: will most likely fail.
                    357:
                    358: <p>
                    359: You can also write <i>CD3:4.7/sparc64/miniroot47.fs</i> to the swap partition on
                    360: the disk and boot with <i>boot disk:b</i>.
                    361:
                    362: <p>
                    363: If nothing works, you can boot over the network as described in INSTALL.sparc64.
                    364: </ul>
                    365:
                    366: <p>
                    367: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/alpha:</font></h3>
                    368: <ul>
                    369: <p>Write <i>FTP:4.7/alpha/floppy47.fs</i> or
                    370: <i>FTP:4.7/alpha/floppyB47.fs</i> (depending on your machine) to a diskette and
                    371: enter <i>boot dva0</i>. Refer to INSTALL.alpha for more details.
                    372:
                    373: <p>
                    374: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
                    375: will most likely fail.
                    376:
                    377: </ul>
                    378:
                    379: <p>
                    380: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/armish:</font></h3>
                    381: <ul>
                    382: <p>
                    383: After connecting a serial port, Thecus can boot directly from the network
                    384: either tftp or http. Configure the network using fconfig, reset,
                    385: then load bsd.rd, see INSTALL.armish for specific details.
                    386: IOData HDL-G can only boot from an EXT-2 partition. Boot into linux
                    387: and copy 'boot' and bsd.rd into the first partition on wd0 (hda1)
                    388: then load and run bsd.rd, preserving the wd0i (hda1) ext2fs partition.
                    389: More details are available in INSTALL.armish.
                    390: </ul>
                    391:
                    392: <p>
                    393: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/hp300:</font></h3>
                    394: <ul>
                    395: <p>
                    396: Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hp300.
                    397: </ul>
                    398:
                    399: <p>
                    400: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/hppa:</font></h3>
                    401: <ul>
                    402: <p>
                    403: Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hppa or the
                    404: <a href="hppa.html#install">hppa platform page</a>.
                    405: </ul>
                    406:
                    407: <p>
                    408: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/landisk:</font></h3>
                    409: <ul>
                    410: <p>
                    411: Write <i>miniroot47.fs</i> to the start of the CF
                    412: or disk, and boot normally.
                    413: </ul>
                    414:
                    415: <p>
                    416: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mac68k:</font></h3>
                    417: <ul>
                    418: <p>
                    419: Boot MacOS as normal and extract the Macside "BSD/Mac68k Booter" utility from
                    420: <i>FTP:4.7/mac68k/utils</i> onto your hard disk.  Configure the "BSD/Mac68k
                    421: Booter" with the location of your bsd.rd kernel and boot into the installer.
                    422: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.mac68k for more details.
                    423: </ul>
                    424:
                    425: <p>
                    426: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mvme68k:</font></h3>
                    427: <ul>
                    428: <p>
                    429: You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>
                    430: The network boot requires a MVME68K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>
                    431: and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme68k
                    432: for more details.
                    433: </ul>
                    434:
                    435: <p>
                    436: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mvme88k:</font></h3>
                    437: <ul>
                    438: <p>
                    439: You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>
                    440: The network boot requires a MVME88K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>
                    441: and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme88k
                    442: for more details.
                    443: </ul>
                    444:
                    445: <p>
                    446: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sparc:</font></h3>
                    447: <ul>
                    448: Boot from one of the provided install ISO images, using one of the two
                    449: commands listed below, depending on the version of your ROM.
                    450:
                    451: <ul><pre>
                    452: ok <strong>boot cdrom 4.7/sparc/bsd.rd</strong>
                    453: or
                    454: &gt; <strong>b sd(0,6,0)4.7/sparc/bsd.rd</strong>
                    455: </pre></ul>
                    456:
                    457: <p>
                    458: If your SPARC system does not have a CD drive, you can alternatively boot from floppy.
                    459: To do so you need to write <i>floppy47.fs</i> to a floppy.
                    460: For more information see <a href="faq/faq4.html#MkFlop">FAQ 4.3.1</a>.
                    461: To boot from the floppy use one of the two commands listed below,
                    462: depending on the version of your ROM.
                    463:
                    464: <ul><pre>
                    465: ok <strong>boot floppy</strong>
                    466: or
                    467: &gt; <strong>b fd()</strong>
                    468: </pre></ul>
                    469:
                    470: <p>
                    471: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
                    472: will most likely fail.
                    473:
                    474: <p>
                    475: If your SPARC system doesn't have a floppy drive nor a CD drive, you can either
                    476: setup a bootable tape, or install via network, as told in the
                    477: INSTALL.sparc file.
                    478: </ul>
                    479:
                    480: <p>
                    481: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sgi:</font></h3>
                    482: <ul>
                    483: <p>
                    484: Burn cd47.iso on a CD-R, put it in the CD drive of your machine and
                    485: select <i>Install System Software</i> from the System Maintenance menu.
                    486:
                    487: <p>
                    488: If your machine doesn't have a CD drive, you can
                    489: setup a DHCP/tftp network server, and boot using "bootp()/bsd.rd".
                    490: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.sgi for more details.
                    491: </ul>
                    492:
                    493: <p>
                    494: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/socppc:</font></h3>
                    495: <ul>
                    496: <p>
                    497: After connecting a serial port, boot over the network via DHCP/tftp.
                    498: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.socppc for more details.
                    499: </ul>
                    500:
                    501: <p>
                    502: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/vax:</font></h3>
                    503: <ul>
                    504: Boot over the network via mopbooting as described in INSTALL.vax.
                    505: </ul>
                    506:
                    507: <p>
                    508: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/zaurus:</font></h3>
                    509: <ul>
                    510: <p>
                    511: Using the Linux built-in graphical ipkg installer, install the
                    512: openbsd47_arm.ipk package.  Reboot, then run it.  Read INSTALL.zaurus
                    513: for a few important details.
                    514: </ul>
                    515:
                    516: <p>
                    517: <h3><font color="#e00000">Notes about the source code:</font></h3>
                    518: <ul>
                    519: src.tar.gz contains a source archive starting at /usr/src.  This file
                    520: contains everything you need except for the kernel sources, which are
                    521: in a separate archive.  To extract:
                    522: <p>
                    523: <ul><pre>
                    524: # <strong>mkdir -p /usr/src</strong>
                    525: # <strong>cd /usr/src</strong>
                    526: # <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/src.tar.gz</strong>
                    527: </pre></ul>
                    528: <p>
                    529: sys.tar.gz contains a source archive starting at /usr/src/sys.
                    530: This file contains all the kernel sources you need to rebuild kernels.
                    531: To extract:
                    532: <p>
                    533: <ul><pre>
                    534: # <strong>mkdir -p /usr/src/sys</strong>
                    535: # <strong>cd /usr/src</strong>
                    536: # <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/sys.tar.gz</strong>
                    537: </pre></ul>
                    538: <p>
                    539: Both of these trees are a regular CVS checkout.  Using these trees it
                    540: is possible to get a head-start on using the anoncvs servers as
                    541: described <a href="anoncvs.html">here</a>.
                    542: Using these files
                    543: results in a much faster initial CVS update than you could expect from
                    544: a fresh checkout of the full OpenBSD source tree.
                    545: <p>
                    546: </ul>
                    547:
                    548: <a name="upgrade"></a>
                    549: <hr>
                    550: <p>
                    551: <h3><font color="#0000e0">How to upgrade</font></h3>
                    552: <p>
                    553: If you already have an OpenBSD 4.6 system, and do not want to reinstall,
                    554: upgrade instructions and advice can be found in the
                    555: <a href="faq/upgrade47.html">Upgrade Guide</a>.
                    556:
                    557: <a name="ports"></a>
                    558: <hr>
                    559: <p>
                    560: <h3><font color="#0000e0">Ports Tree</font></h3>
                    561: <p>
                    562: A ports tree archive is also provided.  To extract:
                    563: <p>
                    564: <ul><pre>
                    565: # <strong>cd /usr</strong>
                    566: # <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/ports.tar.gz</strong>
                    567: # <strong>cd ports</strong>
                    568: </pre></ul>
                    569: <p>
                    570: The <i>ports/</i> subdirectory is a checkout of the OpenBSD ports tree.  Go
                    571: read the <a href="ports.html">ports</a> page
                    572: if you know nothing about ports
                    573: at this point.  This text is not a manual of how to use ports.
                    574: Rather, it is a set of notes meant to kickstart the user on the
                    575: OpenBSD ports system.
                    576: <p>
                    577: The <i>ports/</i> directory represents a CVS (see the manpage for
                    578: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=cvs&amp;apropos=0&amp;sektion=1&amp;manpath=OpenBSD+Current&amp;arch=i386">
                    579: cvs(1)</a> if
                    580: you aren't familiar with CVS) checkout of our ports.  As with our complete
                    581: source tree, our ports tree is available via anoncvs.  So, in
                    582: order to keep current with it, you must make the <i>ports/</i> tree
                    583: available on a read-write medium and update the tree with a command
                    584: like:
                    585: <p>
                    586: <ul><pre>
                    587: # <strong>cd [portsdir]/; cvs -d anoncvs@server.openbsd.org:/cvs update -Pd -rOPENBSD_4_6</strong>
                    588: </pre></ul>
                    589: <p>
                    590: [Of course, you must replace the local directory and server name here
                    591: with the location of your ports collection and a nearby anoncvs
                    592: server.]
                    593: <p>
                    594: Note that most ports are available as packages through FTP. Updated
                    595: packages for the 4.7 release will be made available if problems arise.
                    596: <p>
                    597: If you're interested in seeing a port added, would like to help out, or just
                    598: would like to know more, the mailing list ports@openbsd.org is a good
                    599: place to know.
                    600: <p>
                    601:
                    602: <hr>
                    603: <a href="index.html"><img height="24" width="24" src="back.gif" border="0"
                    604: alt="OpenBSD"></a>
                    605: <a href="mailto:www@openbsd.org">www@openbsd.org</a>
                    606: <br><small>
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