Annotation of www/48.html, Revision 1.41
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1.38 deraadt 4: <title>OpenBSD 4.8</title>
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1.40 deraadt 17: <p>
1.1 deraadt 18:
1.2 deraadt 19: <a href="images/ElPuffiachi.jpg">
1.38 deraadt 20: <img align="left" width="227" height="343" hspace="24" src="images/ElPuffiachi.jpg"></a>
21: <h2><font color="#0000e0">OpenBSD 4.8</font></h2>
1.1 deraadt 22: <p>
1.33 deraadt 23: Released Nov 1, 2010<br>
1.1 deraadt 24: Copyright 1997-2010, Theo de Raadt.<br>
25: <font color="#e00000">ISBN 978-0-9784475-6-4</font>
26: <br>
27: <a href="lyrics.html#48">4.8 Song: "El Puffiachi"</a>
28: <p>
29: <ul>
1.36 dcoppa 30: <li>Order a CDROM from our <a href="orders.html">ordering system</a>.
1.1 deraadt 31: <li>See the information on <a href="ftp.html">The FTP page</a> for
32: a list of mirror machines.
33: <li>Go to the <font color="#e00000">pub/OpenBSD/4.8/</font> directory on
34: one of the mirror sites.
35: <li>Have a look at <a href="errata48.html">The 4.8 Errata page</a> for a list
36: of bugs and workarounds.
37: <li>See a <a href="plus48.html">detailed log of changes</a> between the
38: 4.7 and 4.8 releases.
39: </ul>
40: <br clear=all>
1.39 deraadt 41: <p>
1.38 deraadt 42: All applicable copyrights and credits can be found in the applicable
43: file sources found in the files src.tar.gz, sys.tar.gz,
44: xenocara.tar.gz, or in the files fetched via ports.tar.gz. The
45: distribution files used to build packages from the ports.tar.gz file
46: are not included on the CDROM because of lack of space.
1.1 deraadt 47: <p>
48:
49: <a name="new"></a>
50: <hr>
51: <p>
52: <h3><font color="#0000e0">What's New</font></h3>
53: <p>
54: This is a partial list of new features and systems included in OpenBSD 4.8.
55: For a comprehensive list, see the <a href="plus48.html">changelog</a> leading
56: to 4.8.
57: <p>
58:
59: <ul>
60:
61: <li>New/extended platforms:
62: <ul>
1.21 deraadt 63: <li>i386 and amd64:
64: <ul>
65: <li>ACPI-based suspend/resume works on most machines with Intel/ATI video.
1.28 stsp 66: Machines using NVidia graphics will not resume the graphics. cardbus(4) and
1.21 deraadt 67: pcmcia(4) will still have some problems, too.
68: </ul>
1.1 deraadt 69: </ul>
70: <p>
71:
72: <li>Improved hardware support, including:
73: <ul>
1.6 jsg 74: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=acpisony&sektion=4&format=html">acpisony(4)</a>
75: driver for Sony ACPI control.
76: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=itherm&sektion=4&format=html">itherm(4)</a>
77: driver for Intel 3400 temperature sensor.
78: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=se&sektion=4&format=html">se(4)</a>
79: driver for SiS 190 10/100/Gigabit Ethernet devices.
80: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=uguru&sektion=4&format=html">uguru(4)</a>
81: driver for ABIT temperature, voltage and fan sensors.
82: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=owctr&sektion=4&format=html">owctr(4)</a>
83: driver for 1-Wire counter devices.
1.14 jasper 84: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pgs&arch=macppc&secktion=4">pgs(4)</a>
85: driver for Programmers Switch found on some macppc machines.
1.7 jsg 86: <li>Support for 82576 fiber and 82577/82578 (PCH) based devices
87: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=em&sektion=4">em(4)</a>.
88: <li>Support for 24-bit encodings and USB 2.0 playback
89: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=uaudio&sektion=4">uaudio(4)</a>.
90: <li>Support for Winbond/Nuvoton W83627DHG-P
91: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=wbsio&sektion=4">wbsio(4)</a>.
92: <li>Support for RTL8168E
93: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=re&sektion=4">re(4)</a>.
94: <li>Support for 800x480
95: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=udl&sektion=4">udl(4)</a>.
96: <li>Support for M-audio Audiophile 192k
97: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=envy&sektion=4">envy(4)</a>.
98: <li>Support for Intel Core i3/i5 internal graphics (Ironlake)
99: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=inteldrm&sektion=4">inteldrm(4)</a>
100: and <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=agp&sektion=4">agp(4)</a>.
1.34 damien 101: <li>The <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ss&sektion=4&manpath=OpenBSD+4.7&format=html">ss(4)</a> and
102: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=usscanner&sektion=4&manpath=OpenBSD+4.7&format=html">usscanner(4)</a>
1.14 jasper 103: drivers have been removed.
1.22 mikeb 104: <li>Improved robustness of several SCSI/SAS/RAID HBA drivers, including
105: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mpi&sektion=4&format=html">mpi(4)</a>,
106: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mpii&sektion=4&format=html">mpii(4)</a> and
107: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ciss&sektion=4&format=html">ciss(4)</a>.
1.1 deraadt 108: </ul>
109: <p>
110:
111: <li>New tools:
112: <ul>
1.11 jsg 113: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=iked&sektion=8">iked(8)</a>,
114: an Internet Key Exchange version 2 (IKEv2) daemon.
115: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ldapd&sektion=8">ldapd(8)</a>,
116: a Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) daemon.
1.1 deraadt 117: </ul>
118: <p>
119:
120: <li>Filesystem midlayer improvements:
121: <ul>
1.30 stsp 122: <li>fix internal locking in (still experimental!) NTFS.
1.1 deraadt 123: </ul>
124: <p>
125:
126: <li>OpenBGPD, OpenOSPFD and other routing daemon improvements:
127: <ul>
1.24 claudio 128: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bgpd&sektion=8">bgpd(8)</a> control sockets are now specified in the config file. This removes the -s and -r arguments to bgpd.
129: <li>Extended the BGP MPLS VPN support to allow Layer-3 MPLS VPNs to be
130: terminated on OpenBSD with the help of
131: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mpe&sektion=4">mpe(4)</a>,
132: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ldpd&sektion=8">ldpd(8)</a>, and
133: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bgpd&sektion=8">bgpd(8)</a>.
134: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bgpd&sektion=8">bgpd(8)</a>
135: supports multiple FIBs and it is possible to assign them to RIBs for
136: redistribution.
137: <li>bgpd now supports to use neighbor-as in AS filter statements and added
1.25 deraadt 138: two new filters -- max-as-seq and max-as-len -- to limit the length of
1.24 claudio 139: a sequence of a single AS or the total length of an AS path.
140: <li>Added softreconfig support in bgpd for peers changing the RIB.
141: <li>Fixed multiprotocol MRT dumps and added 4-byte AS-Number support in
142: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bgpd&sektion=8">bgpd(8)</a>.
143: <li>Added support for ping6 and traceroute6 in
144: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bgplg&sektion=8">bgplg(8)</a>
145: and
146: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bgplgsh&sektion=8">bgplgsh(8)</a>
147: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ospfd&sektion=8">ospfd(8)</a>
148: has better LSA pruning and config reload support.
1.20 stsp 149: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ospf6d&sektion=8">ospf6d(8)</a>
1.26 stsp 150: now supports LSAs larger than the link MTU, has improved interoperability
1.20 stsp 151: with other OSPFv3 implementations, can redistribute the default route,
152: and will correctly handle IPv6 prefixes advertised by neighbours on
153: the same link but not configured on the router itself.
1.24 claudio 154: <li>Various improvements in
155: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ldpd&sektion=8">ldpd(8)</a>
156: including correct penultimate hop popping, better session handling,
1.32 jj 157: and a improved config file parser.
1.1 deraadt 158: </ul>
159: <p>
160:
161: <li>Generic network stack improvements:
162: <ul>
1.17 schwarze 163: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sekti
164: on=8">ifconfig(8)</a> and
1.24 claudio 165: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=route&sektion=8">route(8)</a>
166: get better Multiprotocol Label Switching support.
167: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=traceroute&sektion=8">traceroute(8)</a>
168: now supports extended ICMP headers which allows printing of MPLS
169: labels.
1.8 stsp 170: <li>Support for RFC 4941 privacy extensions for stateless address
171: autoconfiguration has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=inet6&sektion=4">inet6(4)</a> and can be enabled via
172: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8">ifconfig(8)</a>.
1.16 schwarze 173: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8">ifconfig(8)</a>
174: now supports random selection of MAC addresses.
175: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=tcpdump&sektion=8">tcpdump(8)</a>
1.17 schwarze 176: now decodes Multicast Listener Discovery version 2 and
177: Internet Key Exchange version 2 traffic.
1.11 jsg 178: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=enc&sektion=4">enc(4)</a> and
179: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ipsec&sektion=4">ipsec(4)</a> are now
180: aware of routing domains.
1.24 claudio 181: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dhcpd&sektion=8">dhcpd(8)</a> and
182: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dhclient&sektion=8">dhclient(8)</a> and
183: are now capable of running in different routing domains.
184: <li>Added MPLS support and a simple keepalive mechanism to
185: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=gre&sektion=4">gre(4)</a>.
186: <li>Added MPLS support to
187: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=gif&sektion=4">gif(4)</a>.
188: <li>Support for 802.1ad-style QinQ nested VLANs with the addition of
189: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=svlan&sektion=4">svlan(4)</a> (service VLAN) interfaces.
190: <li>Added a RTM_DESYNC routing message as indicator that route messages
191: got dropped because of insufficent buffer space.
192: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ospfd&sektion=8">ospfd(8)</a>
193: uses this message to keep the internal view of the routing table in sync.
1.1 deraadt 194: </ul>
195: <p>
196:
1.29 krw 197: <li>SCSI improvements:
198: <ul>
199: <li>better <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=cd&sektion=4">cd(4)</a> detaching.
200: <li>better <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=st&sektion=4">st(4)</a> sense data and buf handling.
201: <li>eliminate excessive delays when starting DVD playing.
202: <li>ask only for minimal (i.e. 18 bytes) sense data, fixing usb devices.
203: <li>migrate to using bufq.
204: <li>always try READ CAPACITY 16 on devices claiming to be SCSI-3.
205: <li>many performance and reliability improvements as a result of new SCSI midlayer:
206: <ul>
1.31 dlg 207: <li>introduce round-robin scheduling of resources for outstanding device commands to prevent a single device from monopolising the bus.
208: <li>significant reduction in memory consumption used for tracking devices attached to buses.
1.29 krw 209: <li>eliminate many unnecessary splbio/splx calls in SCSI drivers.
210: <li>eliminate many use after free's exposed by new SCSI midlayer.
211: <li>eliminate scsi_scsi_cmd(), simplifying calling inside SCSI midlayer.
212: <li>eliminate struct scsi_device.
213: <li>eliminate many uninitialized data references and invalid scsi_done() calls exposed by new SCSI midlayer.
214: <li>eliminate use of EAGAIN.
215: <li>eliminate almost all uses of NO_CCB and XS_NO_CCB.
216: </ul>
217: </ul>
218: <p>
219:
1.1 deraadt 220: <li>Assorted improvements:
221: <ul>
1.17 schwarze 222: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mbtowc&sektion=3">mbtowc(3)</a> multi-byte/wide-character conversion functions
223: have been added to the C library, and
224: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=setlocale&sektion=3">setlocale(3)</a>
225: now supports the en_US.UTF-8 locale.
226: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=posix_madvise&sektion=2">posix_madvise(2)</a>,
227: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=posix_memalign&sektion=3">posix_memalign(3)</a>,
228: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=strndup&sektion=3">strndup(3)</a>, and
229: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=strnlen&sektion=3">strnlen(3)</a>
230: have been added to the C library.
1.16 schwarze 231: <li>The <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=event&sektion=3">event(3)</a> library
1.17 schwarze 232: was updated to version 1.4.14b.
1.16 schwarze 233: <li>The <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pthreads&sektion=3">pthreads(3)</a> library
234: now implements the <tt>pthread_rwlock_timed{rd,wr}lock</tt> interfaces.
1.17 schwarze 235: <li>AES-NI support has been integrated into the OpenSSL
236: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=crypto&sektion=3">crypto(3)</a> library.
1.12 ratchov 237: <li>MIDI control in non-server mode was added to
238: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=aucat&sektion=1">aucat(1)</a>,
239: including seeking within .wav files
240: <li>A new record-what-you-hear feature was added to
241: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=aucat&sektion=1">aucat(1)</a>.
242: <li>The minimum extra latency of the
243: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=aucat&sektion=1">aucat(1)</a>
244: server was lowered to a single block, improving
245: usability of low-latency programs without stability compromise.
1.16 schwarze 246: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=disklabel&sektion=8">disklabel(8)</a>
247: now supports unique disk identifiers.
1.17 schwarze 248: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ftp&sektion=1">ftp(1)</a>
249: now handles redirection to relative URLs in the Location: header
250: of HTTP responses.
251: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=lint&sektion=1">lint(1)</a>
252: now recognizes the C99 data types _Bool and _Complex
253: and some related gcc extensions.
254: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=make&sektion=1">make(1)</a>
255: now allows variables in SysV modifiers,
256: and implements the :QL (quote list) modifier.
1.16 schwarze 257: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=man&sektion=1">man(1)</a> now allows to combine the -s option with -m or -M.
1.17 schwarze 258: <li>Improved directory editing in <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mg&sektion=1">mg(1)</a>.
1.16 schwarze 259: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=newfs&sektion=8">newfs(8)</a> has been tweaked to better support large file systems.
260: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=od&sektion=1">od(1)</a>
261: now supports the POSIX -A option to select an input address base.
262: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sendbug&sektion=1">sendbug(1)</a>
263: now includes the output of <tt>usbdevs -v</tt> into the template.
264: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=smtpd&sektion=8">smtpd(8)</a>
265: now supports the SIZE and ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES extensions
1.17 schwarze 266: and the "plain" backend for maps, and performance was improved when handling large amounts of mail.
1.24 claudio 267: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=snmpd&sektion=8">snmpd(8)</a>
268: now supports the IP-FORWARD-MIB.
1.17 schwarze 269: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=wsconsctl&sektion=8">wsconsctl(8)</a> now handles more than one keyboard, mouse and display.
1.14 jasper 270: <li>Many memory leaks have been fixed in various userland utilities.
1.23 mikeb 271: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/amd64.html">amd64</a>,
272: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/i386.html">i386</a>,
273: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/hppa.html">hppa</a>,
274: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sparc64.html">sparc64</a>,
275: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/socppc.html">socppc</a> and
276: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/macppc.html">macppc</a>
277: platforms were switched over to gcc4.
1.29 krw 278: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=newfs&sektion=8">newfs(8)</a> now makes FFS2 the default for partitions larger than INT_MAX blocks.
279: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dhcpd&sektion=8">dhcpd(8)</a> now includes the server id in NAK messages, as required by some
280: relays.
281: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=disklabel&sektion=8">disklabel(8)</a> now aligns the start and end of FFS partitions on bsize boundaries where it can, to improve performance on 4096-byte block devices.
282: <li>by default, read and write caching is now turned on for non-USB scsi disks.
283: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=getdirentries&sektion=2">getdirentries(2)</a> now checks to ensure that it doesn't wrap or truncate directory information on architectures where LONG is a different size from LONG LONG.
284: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=disklabel&sektion=8">disklabel(8)</a> now ensures correct physical bounds and disk size are used when building a disklabel from saved ascii disklabel.
285: <li>it is again possible to build a bsd.rd that has DDB.
286: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pms&sektion=4">pms(4)</a> now works much better with various trackpads and over suspend/resume cycles.
287: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=fdisk&sektion=8">fdisk(8)</a> now aligns the OpenBSD partition on a power of 2 block boundary to improve performance on 4096-byte block devices.
288: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=nfsd&sektion=8">nfsd(8)</a> now logs start up errors to the system log as well as the console.
289: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=nfsd&sektion=8">nfsd(8)</a> now errors out if given an invalid number of servers to run.
1.1 deraadt 290: </ul>
291: <p>
292:
293: <li>Install/Upgrade process changes:
294: <ul>
1.13 jasper 295: <li>If the system time is off by more than 120 seconds, ask if the user
296: wants to set it accordingly.
1.16 schwarze 297: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=disklabel&sektion=8">disklabel(8)</a>
298: now allows to customize auto allocated labels using the -R option.
1.13 jasper 299: <li>Default network install method changed from FTP to HTTP.
300: <li>Automatically set
301: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pkg.conf&sektion=5">/etc/pkg.conf</a>
302: `installfrom' entry to the public mirror used while installing or upgrading.
1.17 schwarze 303: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sysmerge&sektion=8">sysmerge(8)</a> now automatically installs missing users and groups.
1.29 krw 304: <li>Eliminate more excessively chatty remarks during install.
305: <li>Handle disk UID partitions better.
1.1 deraadt 306: </ul>
307: <p>
308:
1.7 jsg 309: <li>OpenSSH 5.6:
1.1 deraadt 310: <ul>
311: <li>New features:
1.14 jasper 312: <ul>
313: <li>Added a <em>ControlPersist</em> option to
314: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh_config&sektion=5">ssh_config(5)</a>.
315: <li>Hostbased authentication may now use certificate host keys.
316: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh-keygen&sektion=1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>
317: now supports signing certificate using a CA key that has been stored
318: in a PKCS#11 token.
319: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>
320: will now log the hostname and address that we connected to at
321: LogLevel=verbose after authentication is successful to mitigate
322: "phishing" attacks.
323: <li>Expand %h to the hostname in ssh_config Hostname options.
324: <li>Allow <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh-keygen&sektion=1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>
325: to import and export of PEM and PKCS#8 keys.
326: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>
327: will now queue debug messages for bad ownership or permissions on
328: the user's keyfiles encountered during authentication.
329: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>
330: connection multiplexing now supports remote forwarding with
331: dynamic port allocation and can report the allocated port back to
332: the user.
333: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>
334: now supports indirection in matching of principal names listed in
335: certificates.
336: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>
337: now has a new <em>AuthorizedPrincipalsFile</em> option.
338: <li>Additional <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd_config&sektion=5">sshd_config(5)</a>
339: options are now valid inside Match blocks:
340: <ul>
341: <li><em>AuthorizedKeysFile</em>
342: <li><em>AuthorizedPrincipalsFile</em>
343: <li><em>HostbasedUsesNameFromPacketOnly</em>
344: <li><em>PermitTunnel</em>
345: </ul>
1.1 deraadt 346: </ul>
347: <li>The following significant bugs have been fixed in this release:
348: <ul>
1.14 jasper 349: <li>The PKCS#11 code now retries a lookup for a private key if there is
350: no matching key with <em>CKA_SIGN</em> attribute enabled (bz#1736).
351: <li>Unbreak strdelim() skipping past quoted strings.
352: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>:
353: fix swapped args in upload_dir_internal() (bz#1797).
354: <li>Fix a longstanding problem where if you suspend
355: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=scp&sektion=1">scp(1)</a>
356: at the password/passphrase prompt the terminal mode is not restored.
357: <li>Fix a PKCS#11 crash on some smartcards by validating the length
358: returned for C_GetAttributValue (bz#1773).
359: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>:
360: fix ls in working directories that contain globbing
361: characters in their pathnames (bz#1655).
362: <li>Print warning for missing home directory when
363: <em>ChrootDirectory=none.</em> (bz#1564).
364: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>:
365: fix a memory leak in do_realpath() error path (bz#1771).
366: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh-keygen&sektion=1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>:
367: Standardise error messages when attempting to open
368: private key files to include "progname: filename: error reason" (bz#1783).
369: <li>Replace verbose and overflow-prone Linebuf code with
370: read_keyfile_line() (bz#1565).
371: <li>Include the user name on "subsystem request for ..." log messages.
372: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>
373: and
374: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:
375: remove hardcoded limit of 100 permitopen clauses and port forwards
376: per direction (bz#1327).
377: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:
378: ignore stderr output from subsystems to avoid hangs if a subsystem
379: or shell initialisation writes to stderr (bz#1750).
380: <li>Skip the initial check for access with an empty password when
381: <em>PermitEmptyPasswords=no</em> (bz#1638).
382: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:
383: fix logspam when key options (from="..." especially) deny
384: non-matching keys (bz#1765).
385: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh-keygen&sektion=1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>:
386: display a more helpful error message when $HOME is
387: inaccessible while trying to create .ssh directory (bz#1740).
388: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:
389: fix hang when terminating a mux slave using ~ (bz#1758).
390: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh-keygen&sektion=1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>:
391: refuse to generate keys longer than
392: <em>OPENSSL_[RD]SA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS</em> (bz#1516).
393: <li>Suppress spurious tty warning when using -O and stdin is not a tty
394: (bz#1746).
395: <li>Kill channel when pty allocation requests fail (bz#1698).
1.1 deraadt 396: </ul>
397: </ul>
398: <p>
399:
1.15 schwarze 400: <li>Mandoc 1.10.5:
401: <ul>
402: <li>The <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mandoc&sektion=1">mandoc(1)</a>
403: utility is now used to build all manuals in the base system
404: and in Xenocara from
405: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mdoc&sektion=7">mdoc(7)</a> and
406: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=man&sektion=7">man(7)</a>
407: sources.
408: <li>New integrated roff preprocessor with minimal support for conditional
409: requests, nested roff requests, string definitions, roff registers,
410: also parsing and ignoring macro definitions.
411: <li>Improved support for manual pages generated by
412: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pod2man&sektion=1">pod2man(1)</a>.
413: <li>Many parser improvements, in particular
414: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mdoc&sektion=7">mdoc(7)</a>
415: support for word keeps, synopsis mode in arbitrary sections,
416: graceful handling of badly nested blocks, and improved parsing
417: of column displays.
418: <li>New PostScript and PDF output frontends.
419: <li>Many ASCII and HTML output formatting improvements, for example
420: proper synopsis indentation and improved end-of-sentence detection.
421: <li>Considerably improved syntax checking and error reporting.
422: </ul>
1.1 deraadt 423: <p>
424:
425: <li>Over 6,400 ports, major robustness and speed improvements in package tools.
426: <li>Many pre-built packages for each architecture:
427: <table border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 width="95%">
428: <tr>
429: <td valign="top" width="25%">
430: <ul>
431: <li>i386: 6218
432: <li>sparc64: 5950
433: <li>alpha: 5827
434: </ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>
1.18 deraadt 435: <li>sh: 1100
1.1 deraadt 436: <li>amd64: 6166
437: <li>powerpc: 5996
438: </ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>
439: <li>sparc: 4130
1.19 deraadt 440: <li>arm: 5628
1.1 deraadt 441: <li>hppa: 5632
442: </ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>
443: <li>vax: 1528
444: <li>mips64: 3632
445: <li>mips64el: 4486
446: </ul></td></tr></table>
447: Some highlights:
448: <ul>
1.3 landry 449: <li>Gnome 2.30.2.
1.1 deraadt 450: <li>KDE 3.5.10.
1.3 landry 451: <li>Xfce 4.6.2.
1.5 jasper 452: <li>MySQL 5.1.48.
1.3 landry 453: <li>PostgreSQL 8.4.4.
454: <li>Postfix 2.7.1.
1.1 deraadt 455: <li>OpenLDAP 2.3.43.
1.3 landry 456: <li>Mozilla Firefox 3.6.8 and 3.5.11.
457: <li>Mozilla Thunderbird 3.1.1.
458: <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2.1.
1.1 deraadt 459: <li>Emacs 21.4 and 22.3
1.3 landry 460: <li>Vim 7.2.444.
461: <li>PHP 5.2.13.
462: <li>Python 2.4.6, 2.5.4 and 2.6.5.
1.1 deraadt 463: <li>Ruby 1.8.6.369.
1.13 jasper 464: <li>Mono 2.6.4.
1.1 deraadt 465: </ul>
466: <p>
467:
468: <li>As usual, steady improvements in manual pages and other documentation.
469: <p>
470:
471: <li>The system includes the following major components from outside suppliers:
472: <ul>
1.9 matthieu 473: <li>Xenocara (based on X.Org 7.5 with xserver 1.8 + patches,
1.4 jasper 474: freetype 2.3.12,
475: fontconfig 2.8.0, Mesa 7.8.2, xterm 258 and more)
476: <li>Gcc 2.95.3 (+ patches), 3.3.5 (+ patches) and 4.2.1 (+patches)
1.1 deraadt 477: <li>Perl 5.10.1 (+ patches)
478: <li>Our improved and secured version of Apache 1.3, with SSL/TLS
479: and DSO support
480: <li>OpenSSL 0.9.8k (+ patches)
481: <li>Groff 1.15
482: <li>Sendmail 8.14.3, with libmilter
483: <li>Bind 9.4.2-P2 (+ patches)
484: <li>Lynx 2.8.6rel.5 with HTTPS and IPv6 support (+ patches)
485: <li>Sudo 1.7.2
486: <li>Ncurses 5.7
487: <li>Latest KAME IPv6
488: <li>Heimdal 0.7.2 (+ patches)
489: <li>Arla 0.35.7
490: <li>Binutils 2.15 (+ patches)
491: <li>Gdb 6.3 (+ patches)
492: </ul>
493: <p>
494:
495: </ul>
496:
497: <a name="install"></a>
498: <hr>
499: <p>
500: <h3><font color="#0000e0">How to install</font></h3>
501: <p>
502: Following this are the instructions which you would have on a piece of
503: paper if you had purchased a CDROM set instead of doing an alternate
504: form of install. The instructions for doing an FTP (or other style
505: of) install are very similar; the CDROM instructions are left intact
506: so that you can see how much easier it would have been if you had
507: purchased a CDROM instead.
508: <p>
509:
510: <hr>
511: Please refer to the following files on the three CDROMs or FTP mirror for
512: extensive details on how to install OpenBSD 4.8 on your machine:
513: <p>
514: <ul>
515: <li>CD1:4.8/i386/INSTALL.i386
516: <p>
517: <li>CD2:4.8/amd64/INSTALL.amd64
518: <li>CD2:4.8/macppc/INSTALL.macppc
519: <p>
520: <li>CD3:4.8/sparc64/INSTALL.sparc64
521: <p>
522: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.8/alpha/INSTALL.alpha
523: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.8/armish/INSTALL.armish
524: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.8/hp300/INSTALL.hp300
525: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.8/hppa/INSTALL.hppa
526: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.8/landisk/INSTALL.landisk
527: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.8/loongson/INSTALL.loongson
528: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.8/mvme68k/INSTALL.mvme68k
529: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.8/mvme88k/INSTALL.mvme88k
530: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.8/sgi/INSTALL.sgi
531: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.8/socppc/INSTALL.socppc
532: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.8/sparc/INSTALL.sparc
533: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.8/vax/INSTALL.vax
534: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.8/zaurus/INSTALL.zaurus
535: </ul>
536: <hr>
537:
538: <p>
539: Quick installer information for people familiar with OpenBSD, and the
540: use of the "disklabel -E" command. If you are at all confused when
541: installing OpenBSD, read the relevant INSTALL.* file as listed above!
542: <p>
543:
544: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/i386:</font></h3>
545: <ul>
546: Play with your BIOS options to enable booting from a CD. The OpenBSD/i386
547: release is on CD1. If your BIOS does not support booting from CD, you will need
548: to create a boot floppy to install from. To create a boot floppy write
549: <i>CD1:4.8/i386/floppy48.fs</i> to a floppy and boot via the floppy drive.
550:
551: <p>
552: Use <i>CD1:4.8/i386/floppyB48.fs</i> instead for greater SCSI controller
553: support, or <i>CD1:4.8/i386/floppyC48.fs</i> for better laptop support.
554:
555: <p>
556: If you can't boot from a CD or a floppy disk,
557: you can install across the network using PXE as described in
558: the included INSTALL.i386 document.
559:
560: <p>
561: If you are planning on dual booting OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to
562: read INSTALL.i386.
563:
564: <p>
565: To make a boot floppy under MS-DOS, use the "rawrite" utility located
566: at <i>CD1:4.8/tools/rawrite.exe</i>. To make the boot floppy under a Unix OS,
567: use the
568: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dd&sektion=1">dd(1)</a>
569: utility. The following is an example usage of
570: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dd&sektion=1">dd(1)</a>,
571: where the device could be "floppy", "rfd0c", or
572: "rfd0a".
573:
574: <ul><pre>
575: # <strong>dd if=<file> of=/dev/<device> bs=32k</strong>
576: </pre></ul>
577:
578: <p>
579: Make sure you use properly formatted perfect floppies with NO BAD BLOCKS or
580: your install will most likely fail. For more information on creating a boot
581: floppy and installing OpenBSD/i386 please refer to
1.10 lum 582: <a href="faq/faq4.html#MkFlop">FAQ 4.3.2</a>.
1.1 deraadt 583: </ul>
584:
585: <p>
586: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/amd64:</font></h3>
587: <ul>
588: The 4.8 release of OpenBSD/amd64 is located on CD2.
589: Boot from the CD to begin the install - you may need to adjust
590: your BIOS options first.
591: If you can't boot from the CD, you can create a boot floppy to install from.
592: To do this, write <i>CD2:4.8/amd64/floppy48.fs</i> to a floppy, then
593: boot from the floppy drive.
594:
595: <p>
596: If you can't boot from a CD or a floppy disk,
597: you can install across the network using PXE as described in the included
598: INSTALL.amd64 document.
599:
600: <p>
601: If you are planning to dual boot OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to
602: read INSTALL.amd64.
603: </ul>
604:
605: <p>
606: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/macppc:</font></h3>
607: <ul>
608: Put CD2 in your CDROM drive and poweron your machine while holding down the
609: <i>C</i> key until the display turns on and shows <i>OpenBSD/macppc boot</i>.
610:
611: <p>
612: Alternatively, at the Open Firmware prompt, enter <i>boot cd:,ofwboot
613: /4.8/macppc/bsd.rd</i>
614: </ul>
615:
616: <p>
617: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sparc64:</font></h3>
618: <ul>
619: Put CD3 in your CDROM drive and type <i>boot cdrom</i>.
620:
621: <p>
622: If this doesn't work, or if you don't have a CDROM drive, you can write
623: <i>CD3:4.8/sparc64/floppy48.fs</i> or <i>CD3:4.8/sparc64/floppyB48.fs</i>
624: (depending on your machine) to a floppy and boot it with <i>boot
625: floppy</i>. Refer to INSTALL.sparc64 for details.
626:
627: <p>
628: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
629: will most likely fail.
630:
631: <p>
632: You can also write <i>CD3:4.8/sparc64/miniroot48.fs</i> to the swap partition on
633: the disk and boot with <i>boot disk:b</i>.
634:
635: <p>
636: If nothing works, you can boot over the network as described in INSTALL.sparc64.
637: </ul>
638:
639: <p>
640: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/alpha:</font></h3>
641: <ul>
642: <p>Write <i>FTP:4.8/alpha/floppy48.fs</i> or
643: <i>FTP:4.8/alpha/floppyB48.fs</i> (depending on your machine) to a diskette and
644: enter <i>boot dva0</i>. Refer to INSTALL.alpha for more details.
645:
646: <p>
647: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
648: will most likely fail.
649:
650: </ul>
651:
652: <p>
653: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/armish:</font></h3>
654: <ul>
655: <p>
656: After connecting a serial port, Thecus can boot directly from the network
657: either tftp or http. Configure the network using fconfig, reset,
658: then load bsd.rd, see INSTALL.armish for specific details.
659: IOData HDL-G can only boot from an EXT-2 partition. Boot into linux
660: and copy 'boot' and bsd.rd into the first partition on wd0 (hda1)
661: then load and run bsd.rd, preserving the wd0i (hda1) ext2fs partition.
662: More details are available in INSTALL.armish.
663: </ul>
664:
665: <p>
666: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/hp300:</font></h3>
667: <ul>
668: <p>
669: Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hp300.
670: </ul>
671:
672: <p>
673: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/hppa:</font></h3>
674: <ul>
675: <p>
676: Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hppa or the
677: <a href="hppa.html#install">hppa platform page</a>.
678: </ul>
679:
680: <p>
681: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/landisk:</font></h3>
682: <ul>
683: <p>
684: Write <i>miniroot48.fs</i> to the start of the CF
685: or disk, and boot normally.
686: </ul>
687:
688: <p>
689: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/loongson:</font></h3>
690: <ul>
691: <p>
692: Write <i>miniroot48.fs</i> to a USB stick and boot bsd.rd from it
693: or boot bsd.rd via tftp.
694: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.loongson for more details.
695: </ul>
696: <p>
697:
698: <p>
699: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mvme68k:</font></h3>
700: <ul>
701: <p>
702: You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>
703: The network boot requires a MVME68K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>
704: and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme68k
705: for more details.
706: </ul>
707:
708: <p>
709: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mvme88k:</font></h3>
710: <ul>
711: <p>
712: You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>
713: The network boot requires a MVME88K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>
714: and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme88k
715: for more details.
716: </ul>
717:
718: <p>
719: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sgi:</font></h3>
720: <ul>
721: <p>
722: To install on an O2, burn cd48.iso on a CD-R, put it in the CD drive of your
723: machine and select <i>Install System Software</i> from the System Maintenance
724: menu.
725:
726: <p>
727: On other systems, or if your machine doesn't have a CD drive, you can
728: setup a DHCP/tftp network server, and boot using "bootp()/bsd.rd.IP##" using
729: the kernel matching your system type.
730: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.sgi for more details.
731: </ul>
732:
733: <p>
734: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/socppc:</font></h3>
735: <ul>
736: <p>
737: After connecting a serial port, boot over the network via DHCP/tftp.
738: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.socppc for more details.
739: </ul>
740:
741: <p>
742: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sparc:</font></h3>
743: <ul>
744: Boot from one of the provided install ISO images, using one of the two
745: commands listed below, depending on the version of your ROM.
746:
747: <ul><pre>
748: ok <strong>boot cdrom 4.8/sparc/bsd.rd</strong>
749: or
750: > <strong>b sd(0,6,0)4.8/sparc/bsd.rd</strong>
751: </pre></ul>
752:
753: <p>
754: If your SPARC system does not have a CD drive, you can alternatively boot from floppy.
755: To do so you need to write <i>floppy48.fs</i> to a floppy.
1.35 lum 756: For more information see <a href="faq/faq4.html#MkFlop">FAQ 4.3.2</a>.
1.1 deraadt 757: To boot from the floppy use one of the two commands listed below,
758: depending on the version of your ROM.
759:
760: <ul><pre>
761: ok <strong>boot floppy</strong>
762: or
763: > <strong>b fd()</strong>
764: </pre></ul>
765:
766: <p>
767: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
768: will most likely fail.
769:
770: <p>
771: If your SPARC system doesn't have a floppy drive nor a CD drive, you can either
772: setup a bootable tape, or install via network, as told in the
773: INSTALL.sparc file.
774: </ul>
775:
776: <p>
777: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/vax:</font></h3>
778: <ul>
779: Boot over the network via mopbooting as described in INSTALL.vax.
780: </ul>
781:
782: <p>
783: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/zaurus:</font></h3>
784: <ul>
785: <p>
786: Using the Linux built-in graphical ipkg installer, install the
787: openbsd48_arm.ipk package. Reboot, then run it. Read INSTALL.zaurus
788: for a few important details.
789: </ul>
790:
791: <p>
792: <h3><font color="#e00000">Notes about the source code:</font></h3>
793: <ul>
794: src.tar.gz contains a source archive starting at /usr/src. This file
795: contains everything you need except for the kernel sources, which are
796: in a separate archive. To extract:
797: <p>
798: <ul><pre>
799: # <strong>mkdir -p /usr/src</strong>
800: # <strong>cd /usr/src</strong>
801: # <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/src.tar.gz</strong>
802: </pre></ul>
803: <p>
804: sys.tar.gz contains a source archive starting at /usr/src/sys.
805: This file contains all the kernel sources you need to rebuild kernels.
806: To extract:
807: <p>
808: <ul><pre>
809: # <strong>mkdir -p /usr/src/sys</strong>
810: # <strong>cd /usr/src</strong>
811: # <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/sys.tar.gz</strong>
812: </pre></ul>
813: <p>
814: Both of these trees are a regular CVS checkout. Using these trees it
815: is possible to get a head-start on using the anoncvs servers as
816: described <a href="anoncvs.html">here</a>.
817: Using these files
818: results in a much faster initial CVS update than you could expect from
819: a fresh checkout of the full OpenBSD source tree.
820: <p>
821: </ul>
822:
823: <a name="upgrade"></a>
824: <hr>
825: <p>
826: <h3><font color="#0000e0">How to upgrade</font></h3>
827: <p>
828: If you already have an OpenBSD 4.7 system, and do not want to reinstall,
829: upgrade instructions and advice can be found in the
830: <a href="faq/upgrade48.html">Upgrade Guide</a>.
831:
832: <a name="ports"></a>
833: <hr>
834: <p>
835: <h3><font color="#0000e0">Ports Tree</font></h3>
836: <p>
837: A ports tree archive is also provided. To extract:
838: <p>
839: <ul><pre>
840: # <strong>cd /usr</strong>
841: # <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/ports.tar.gz</strong>
842: # <strong>cd ports</strong>
843: </pre></ul>
844: <p>
845: The <i>ports/</i> subdirectory is a checkout of the OpenBSD ports tree. Go
846: read the <a href="faq/ports/index.html">ports</a> page
847: if you know nothing about ports
848: at this point. This text is not a manual of how to use ports.
849: Rather, it is a set of notes meant to kickstart the user on the
850: OpenBSD ports system.
851: <p>
852: The <i>ports/</i> directory represents a CVS (see the manpage for
853: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=cvs&apropos=0&sektion=1&manpath=OpenBSD+Current&arch=i386">
854: cvs(1)</a> if
855: you aren't familiar with CVS) checkout of our ports. As with our complete
856: source tree, our ports tree is available via anoncvs. So, in
857: order to keep current with it, you must make the <i>ports/</i> tree
858: available on a read-write medium and update the tree with a command
859: like:
860: <p>
861: <ul><pre>
862: # <strong>cd [portsdir]/; cvs -d anoncvs@server.openbsd.org:/cvs update -Pd -rOPENBSD_4_8</strong>
863: </pre></ul>
864: <p>
865: [Of course, you must replace the local directory and server name here
866: with the location of your ports collection and a nearby anoncvs
867: server.]
868: <p>
869: Note that most ports are available as packages through FTP. Updated
870: packages for the 4.8 release will be made available if problems arise.
871: <p>
872: If you're interested in seeing a port added, would like to help out, or just
873: would like to know more, the mailing list ports@openbsd.org is a good
874: place to know.
875: <p>
876:
877: </body>
878: </html>