Annotation of www/49.html, Revision 1.51
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1.48 deraadt 4: <title>OpenBSD 4.9</title>
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1.50 deraadt 17: <p>
1.1 deraadt 18:
19: <a href="images/Hitchhiker.jpg">
1.48 deraadt 20: <img align="left" width="227" height="343" hspace="24" src="images/Hitchhiker.jpg"></a>
21: <h2><font color="#0000e0">OpenBSD 4.9</font></h2>
1.1 deraadt 22: <p>
23: Released May 1, 2011<br>
24: Copyright 1997-2011, Theo de Raadt.<br>
25: <font color="#e00000">ISBN 978-0-9784475-7-1</font>
26: <br>
27: <a href="lyrics.html#49">4.9 Song: "The Answer"</a>
28: <p>
29: <ul>
1.46 dcoppa 30: <li>Order a CDROM from our <a href="orders.html">ordering system</a>.
1.1 deraadt 31: <li>See the information on <a href="ftp.html">The FTP page</a> for
32: a list of mirror machines.
33: <li>Go to the <font color="#e00000">pub/OpenBSD/4.9/</font> directory on
34: one of the mirror sites.
35: <li>Have a look at <a href="errata49.html">The 4.9 Errata page</a> for a list
36: of bugs and workarounds.
37: <li>See a <a href="plus49.html">detailed log of changes</a> between the
38: 4.8 and 4.9 releases.
39: </ul>
40: <br clear=all>
1.49 deraadt 41: <p>
1.48 deraadt 42: All applicable copyrights and credits can be found in the applicable
43: file sources found in the files src.tar.gz, sys.tar.gz,
44: xenocara.tar.gz, or in the files fetched via ports.tar.gz. The
45: distribution files used to build packages from the ports.tar.gz file
46: are not included on the CDROM because of lack of space.
1.1 deraadt 47: <p>
48:
49: <a name="new"></a>
50: <hr>
51: <p>
52: <h3><font color="#0000e0">What's New</font></h3>
53: <p>
54: This is a partial list of new features and systems included in OpenBSD 4.9.
55: For a comprehensive list, see the <a href="plus49.html">changelog</a> leading
56: to 4.9.
57: <p>
58:
59: <ul>
60:
1.3 deraadt 61: <li>New/extended platforms:
62: <ul>
1.25 jsing 63: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/amd64.html">OpenBSD/amd64</a>
64: and <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/i386.html">OpenBSD/i386</a>:
1.3 deraadt 65: <ul>
1.36 sthen 66: <li>Enabled <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mount_ntfs&sektion=8&format=html">NTFS</a> by default (read-only) on GENERIC kernels.
1.33 jcs 67: <li>Enabled the <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=vmt&sektion=4&format=html">vmt(4)</a> driver by default for VMWare tools support as a guest.
1.11 jj 68: <li>SMP kernels can now boot on machines with up to 64 cores.
69: <li>Maximum allocation size for i386 bumped to 2G.
1.19 stsp 70: <li>Handle >16 disks when searching for kernel boot device.
1.37 jsg 71: <li>Added support for AES-NI instructions found in recent Intel
72: processors.
1.31 deraadt 73: <li>Further improvements in suspend and resume.
74: <li>Processes are now switched to TSS per cpu on the
75: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/amd64.html">amd64</a> platform,
76: resulting in removal of the old limit of ~4000 processes.
1.3 deraadt 77: </ul>
1.25 jsing 78: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/hppa.html">OpenBSD/hppa</a>:
1.21 jsing 79: <ul>
80: <li>Multiprocessor support.
81: </ul>
1.25 jsing 82: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/loongson.html">OpenBSD/loongson</a>
83: and <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sgi.html">OpenBSD/sgi</a>:
1.3 deraadt 84: <ul>
1.25 jsing 85: <li>All MIPS64 based platforms now use MI softfloat code, which
86: implements all MIPS IV specified floating point operations.
1.3 deraadt 87: </ul>
1.25 jsing 88: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sparc64.html">OpenBSD/sparc64</a>:
1.3 deraadt 89: <ul>
1.25 jsing 90: <li>The <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=vdsp&sektion=4&arch=sparc64">vdsp(4)</a> driver now supports the vDisk 1.1
91: protocol, allowing Solaris to run on top of an OpenBSD
92: control domain.
1.3 deraadt 93: </ul>
94: </ul>
95: <p>
96:
97: <li>Improved hardware support, including:
98: <ul>
1.25 jsing 99: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=vte&sektion=4&format=html">vte(4)</a>
1.9 kevlo 100: driver for RDC R6040 10/100 Ethernet devices.</li>
1.25 jsing 101: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=rdcphy&sektion=4&format=html">rdcphy(4)</a>
1.10 jsg 102: driver for RDC Semiconductor R6040 10/100 Ethernet PHY.
1.25 jsing 103: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=rsu&sektion=4&format=html">rsu(4)</a>
1.33 jcs 104: driver for Realtek RTL8188SU/RTL8191SU/RTL8192SU USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless devices.
1.25 jsing 105: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=urtwn&sektion=4&format=html">urtwn(4)</a>
1.33 jcs 106: driver for Realtek RTL8188CU/RTL8192CU USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless devices.
1.25 jsing 107: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=utwitch&sektion=4&format=html">utwitch(4)</a>
1.10 jsg 108: driver for YUREX USB twitch/jiggle of knee sensor.
1.33 jcs 109: <li>Support for AR9271, AR9280+AR7010 and AR9287+AR7010 USB IEEE 802.11a/g/n wireless
1.25 jsing 110: adapters has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=athn&sektion=4&format=html">athn(4)</a>.
1.10 jsg 111: <li>Support for 82583V
112: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=em&sektion=4">em(4)</a>.
113: <li>Support for Yukon 88E8059
114: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=msk&sektion=4">msk(4)</a>.
115: <li>Support for SiS191
116: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=se&sektion=4">se(4)</a>.
117: <li>Support for SAS2004
118: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mpii&sektion=4">mpii(4)</a>.
119: <li>Support for NVIDIA MCP89 SATA
120: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pciide&sektion=4">pciide(4)</a>.
1.30 deraadt 121: <li>Support for Mobility Radeon HD 4200
1.10 jsg 122: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=radeondrm&sektion=4">radeondrm(4)</a>.
1.18 krw 123: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pms&sektion=4">pms(4)</a> support has been significantly reworked and expanded.
1.20 deraadt 124: <li>MCLGETI support has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=xl&sektion=4">xl(4)</a>.
1.24 jsing 125: <li>Support for low latency interrupt modulation has been added to
126: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ix&sektion=4">ix(4)</a>.
127: <li>Port multiplier support has been added to
128: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ahci&sektion=4">ahci(4)</a> and
129: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sili&sektion=4">sili(4)</a>.
130: <li>Support for Sun XVR-300 graphics has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=radeonfb&sektion=4&arch=sparc64">radeonfb(4)</a>.
131: <li>Added workaround for BCM5906 A0/1/2 controller silicon bug in
132: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bge&sektion=4">bge(4)</a>.
1.34 jakemsr 133: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ugen&sektion=4">ugen(4)</a>
134: can now be attached along with other drivers to multifunction devices.
135: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=umodem&sektion=4">umodem(4)</a>
136: now supports more devices.
1.40 sthen 137: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=umsm&sektion=4">umsm(4)</a>
138: now supports more mobile broadband devices.
1.34 jakemsr 139: <li>Support for more image processing controls was added to
140: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=uvideo&sektion=4">uvideo(4)</a>.
1.3 deraadt 141: </ul>
142: <p>
143:
144: <li>Generic network stack improvements:
145: <ul>
1.7 dlg 146: <li>Reworking of the MCLGETI livelock algorithm to improve
147: forwarding and host performance under high network load.</li>
1.31 deraadt 148: <li>Added support for socket splicing; sockets can be temporarily connected so that the kernel moves data without userland intervention. This will be used by <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=relayd&sektion=8">relayd(8)</a> in the next release.
1.29 mikeb 149: <li>Added AES-GCM support for IPsec.
1.22 jsing 150: <li>Added automatic send and receive buffer scaling for TCP.
1.20 deraadt 151: <li>Added wpakey option to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8">ifconfig(8)</a> replacing wpa-psk(8).
1.22 jsing 152: <li>TCP acknowledgments are no longer delayed on the loopback interface.
153: <li>Network livelock counters are now exported via <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sysctl&sektion=3">sysctl(3)</a>.
154: <li>A radix tree sorting bug was fixed, which results in significant
155: improvements to IPsec performance under certain conditions.
1.33 jcs 156: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=tcpdump&sektion=8">tcpdump(8)</a> now decodes Multicast DNS (mDNS) traffic.
1.42 jasper 157: <li>Wake on Lan support has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=arp&sektion=8">arp(8)</a>.
1.45 claudio 158: <li>Enabled MPLS and <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mpe&sektion=4">mpe(4)</a> by default on GENERIC kernels.</li>
159: <li>Added a mpls option to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8">ifconfig(8)</a> to enable MPLS on a per interface basis replacing the global sysctl knob.</li>
1.35 henning 160: </ul>
161: <p>
162:
1.45 claudio 163: <li>OpenBGPD, OpenOSPFD and other routing daemon improvements:
164: <ul>
165: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bgpd&sektion=8">bgpd(8)</a> handles various message encoding errors more gracefully now.</li>
166: <li>Notification messages are now logged in <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bgpd&sektion=8">bgpd(8)</a>.</li>
167: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ospfd&sektion=8">ospfd(8)</a> will now correctly redistribute overlapping routes.</li>
168: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ospfctl&sektion=8">ospfctl(8)</a> now prints the LSDB checksum in the show summary output for quick verification that two LSDBs are in sync.</li>
169: <li>Fixed <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ldpd&sektion=8">ldpd(8)</a>'s message parser to work on all architectures and more LDP messages are now implemented.</li>
170: <li>Various improvements in <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ospf6d&sektion=8">ospf6d(8)</a>.</li>
171: </ul>
172: <p>
1.35 henning 173: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pf&sektion=4">pf(4)</a> improvements:
174: <ul>
1.43 deraadt 175: <li>The logging subsystem has been largely rewritten, now logging the
1.44 deraadt 176: translated addresses again instead of the original ones.
1.35 henning 177: <li>match log rules cause a log on the fly, showing the packet exactly
1.44 deraadt 178: as <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pf&sektion=4">pf(4)</a> sees it at the moment of evaluating that rule. A packet can also
1.35 henning 179: be logged more than once now.
1.44 deraadt 180: <li>match log(matches) rules allow the further rule matching to be traced.
1.25 jsing 181: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pflog&sektion=4">pflog(4)</a>
182: now includes the original addresses and ports for packets that have been
183: rewritten. This is also displayed by
184: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=tcpdump&sektion=8">tcpdump(8)</a>.
1.3 deraadt 185: </ul>
186: <p>
187:
1.33 jcs 188: <li>IPsec stack audit was performed, resulting in:
1.29 mikeb 189: <ul>
190: <li>Several potential security problems have been identified and fixed.
191: <li>ARC4 based PRNG code was audited and revamped.
192: <li>New explicit_bzero kernel function was introduced to prevent a compiler
193: from optimizing
194: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bzero&sektion=3">bzero</a>
195: calls away.
196: </ul>
197: <p>
198:
1.3 deraadt 199: <li>SCSI improvements:
200: <ul>
1.6 dlg 201: <li>Improved safety when detaching SCSI devices by waiting for
1.20 deraadt 202: the completion of pending commands.</li>
203: <li>Improved hotplug support on <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mpi&sektion=4">mpi(4)</a> and
204: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mpii&sektion=4">mpii(4)</a>.</li>
1.6 dlg 205: <li>Continued iopoolification of SCSI drivers, notably on
1.20 deraadt 206: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=umass&sektion=4">umass(4)</a> which improves the
207: reliability and performance of multi-LUN devices.</li>
208: <li>Added <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=vscsi&sektion=4">vscsi(4)</a>, a driver for
1.33 jcs 209: userland handling of SCSI device commands.
1.20 deraadt 210: <li>Added <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=iscsid&sektion=8">iscsid(8)</a>, an iSCSI initiator.
1.21 jsing 211: <li>Forcibly restrict devices incapable of tagged I/O to executing one command at a time.
1.17 krw 212: <li>Discover and honour read-only status of <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sd&sektion=4">sd(4)</a> devices.
1.21 jsing 213: <li>Improve <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=st&sektion=4">st(4)</a> handling of I/O residual information.
1.17 krw 214: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sd&sektion=4">sd(4)</a> devices that can only execute one command at a time (e.g. USB) will now be allowed to spin up if necessary.
215: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=cd&sektion=4">cd(4)</a> will now attach CDROM devices identified as non-removable.
1.3 deraadt 216: </ul>
217: <p>
218:
219: <li>Assorted improvements:
220: <ul>
1.16 krw 221: <li>Enabled wide character support in <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ncurses&sektion=3">ncurses(3)</a>.
222: <li>Added <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=nsd&sektion=8">nsd(8)</a>, an authoritative name server implementation.
223: <li>Disklabel UID support improved and added to more utilities.
224: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=rarpd&sektion=8">rarpd(8)</a> now accepts a list of interfaces to listen on.
225: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dhclient&sektion=8">dhclient(8)</a> now accepts 'egress' as an interface name, meaning whichever interface is marked as being in the 'egress' group.
226: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dhcpd&sektion=8">dhcpd(8)</a> no longer listens on interfaces without a broadcast address (e.g. <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pflog&sektion=4">pflog(4)</a>).
227: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=who&sektion=1">who(1)</a> now displays as much of the hostname as fits on the line.
228: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=tcpdump&sektion=8">tcpdump(8)</a> now correctly handles 'net' primitives when processing <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pflog&sektion=4">pflog(4)</a> traffic.
1.17 krw 229: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=fdisk&sektion=8">fdisk(8)</a> now respects failure to read the MBR.
230: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=fdisk&sektion=8">fdisk(8)</a> will no longer infinitely loop when encountering an improperly constructed EBR.
1.31 deraadt 231: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=disklabel&sektion=8">disklabel(8)</a> no longer reuses information from a failed partition addition on the next addition of the same partition.
1.17 krw 232: <li>Many unused and obsolete <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=disktab&sektion=5">disktab(5)</a> entries removed.
1.33 jcs 233: <li>Enabled X11 autoconfiguration on <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sparc.html">sparc</a> and <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sparc64.html">sparc64</a>.
1.20 deraadt 234: <li>Implement attribute syntax from RFC4517 and support bsdauth in <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ldapd&sektion=8">ldapd(8)</a>.
235: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=video&sektion=1">video(1)</a> utility which can record or display images from <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=video&sektion=4">video(4)</a>.
1.23 jsing 236: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=httpd&sektion=8">httpd(8)</a> mod_headers now handles apache2 style RequestHeader directives.
1.32 jeremy 237: <li>UNIX-domain datagram socket support has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=nc&sektion=1">nc(1)</a> (-uU option).
1.23 jsing 238: <li>Added support for terabyte units in <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=disklabel&sektion=8">disklabel(8)</a>.
239: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/loongson.html">loongson</a> and
240: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sgi.html">sgi</a> platforms have been
241: switched over to gcc4.
242: <li><code>ddb cpu</code> support was added to the
243: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sgi.html">sgi</a> platform.
244: <li>Fast path TLB miss handling was added to the
245: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/landisk.html">landisk</a> platform,
246: resulting in a 44-50% gain in performance.
247: <li>PCIe extended configuration space can now be viewed using
1.44 deraadt 248: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pcidump&sektion=8">pcidump(8)</a> (-xxx option).
1.23 jsing 249: <li>The number of spurious IPIs has been decreased on the
250: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/amd64.html">amd64</a> platform,
251: resulting in improved performance.
1.25 jsing 252: <li>Numerous improvements and bug fixes to
253: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=tmux&sektion=1">tmux(1)</a>.
1.27 mikeb 254: <li>Considerable robustness and interoperability improvements in the IKEv2
255: daemon
256: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=iked&sektion=8">iked(8)</a>.
1.28 mikeb 257: <li>Skipjack and libdes were retired from the system.
1.31 deraadt 258: CAST-128 implementation was also removed from libc.
1.34 jakemsr 259: <li>Removed some races in the USB subsystem, substantially increasing
260: reliability.
1.41 pirofti 261: <li>Added a few more
262: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=compat_linux&sektion=8&format=html">compat_linux(8)</a>
263: system calls to make it possible for newer versions of applications,
264: such as Skype, to execute.
1.39 sthen 265: <li>OpenBSD-specific package documentation is now centralised in
266: /usr/local/share/doc/pkg-readmes.
1.3 deraadt 267: </ul>
268: <p>
269:
270: <li>Install/Upgrade process changes:
271: <ul>
1.8 deraadt 272: <li>Fixed the hppa CD installation process.
273: <li>Added some more free firmwares to the CD media that could fit them.
274: <li>Make the macppc upgrade script update the boot blocks (oddly, this
1.31 deraadt 275: had been broken a very long time and no one noticed).
1.8 deraadt 276: <li>Teach the install script about the configuration of 802.11 interfaces.
277: Visible networks can be listed, and even configured for WPA.
278: <li>The install script now passes collected entropy better to the
279: system which is booted next.
1.15 krw 280: <li>Upgrade now defaults to checking only the root filesystem.
281: <li>Upgrade no longer checks filesystems with a fs_passno of 0.
282: <li>Upgrade now asks if it should proceed even if one or more filesystem mounts fail.
283: <li>Installer now configures <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ntpd&sektion=8">ntpd(8)</a> to use all provided time source IPs.
1.3 deraadt 284: </ul>
285: <p>
286:
1.12 ajacouto 287: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=rc.d&sektion=8">rc.d(8)</a>
288: for starting, stopping and reconfiguring package daemons:
289: <ul>
290: <li>The <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=rc.subr&sektion=8">rc.subr(8)</a>
291: framework allows for easy creation of rc scripts.
292: This framework is still evolving.
293: <li>Only a handful of packages have migrated for now.
294: <li>rc.local can still be used instead of or in addition to
295: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=rc.d&sektion=8">rc.d(8)</a>.
296: </ul>
297: <p>
298:
1.4 sobrado 299: <li>OpenSSH 5.8:
1.3 deraadt 300: <ul>
301: <li>New features:
1.4 sobrado 302: <ul>
303: <li>Implement Elliptic Curve Cryptography modes for key exchange (ECDH)
304: and host/user keys (ECDSA) as specified by RFC5656. ECDH and ECDSA
305: offer better performance than plain DH and DSA at the same
306: equivalent symmetric key length, as well as much shorter keys.</li>
307: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>
308: and
309: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp-server&sektion=8">sftp-server(8)</a>:
310: add a protocol extension to support a hard link operation. It is
311: available through the "ln" command in the client. The old "ln"
312: behaviour of creating a symlink is available using its "-s" option
313: or through the preexisting "symlink" command.</li>
314: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=scp&sektion=1">scp(1)</a>:
315: Add a new -3 option to scp: Copies between two remote hosts are
316: transferred through the local host. Without this option the data is
317: copied directly between the two remote hosts.</li>
318: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:
319: automatically order the hostkeys requested by the client based on
320: which hostkeys are already recorded in known_hosts. This avoids
321: hostkey warnings when connecting to servers with new ECDSA keys,
322: since these are now preferred when learning hostkeys for the first
323: time.</li>
324: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>
325: and
326: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:
327: add a new IPQoS option to specify arbitrary TOS/DSCP/QoS values
328: instead of hardcoding lowdelay/throughput. (bz#1733)</li>
329: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>:
330: the sftp client is now significantly faster at performing directory
331: listings, using OpenBSD glob(3) extensions to preserve the results
332: of stat(3) operations performed in the course of its execution
333: rather than performing expensive round trips to fetch them again
334: afterwards.</li>
335: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:
336: "atomically" create the listening mux socket by binding it on a
337: temporary name and then linking it into position after listen() has
338: succeeded. This allows the mux clients to determine that the server
339: socket is either ready or stale without races. Stale server sockets
340: are now automatically removed. (also fixes bz#1711)</li>
341: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>
342: and
343: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:
344: add a <em>KexAlgorithms</em> knob to the client and server
345: configuration to allow selection of which key exchange methods are
346: used by
347: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>
348: and
349: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>
350: and their order of preference.</li>
351: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>
352: and
353: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=scp&sektion=1">scp(1)</a>:
354: factor out bandwidth limiting code from
355: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=scp&sektion=1">scp(1)</a>
356: into a generic bandwidth limiter that can be attached using the
357: <em>atomicio</em> callback mechanism and use it to add a bandwidth
358: limit option to
359: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>.
360: (bz#1147)</li>
1.3 deraadt 361: </ul>
362: <li>The following significant bugs have been fixed in this release:
363: <ul>
1.4 sobrado 364: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>
365: and
366: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh-agent&sektion=1">ssh-agent(1)</a>:
367: honour <em>$TMPDIR</em> for client xauth and ssh-agent temporary
368: directories. (bz#1809)</li>
369: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:
370: avoid <em>NULL</em> deref on receiving a channel request on an
371: unknown or invalid channel. (bz#1842)</li>
372: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:
373: remove a <em>debug()</em> that pollutes stderr on client connecting
374: to a server in debug mode. (bz#1719)</li>
375: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=scp&sektion=1">scp(1)</a>:
376: pass through ssh command-line flags and options when doing
377: remote-remote transfers, e.g. to enable agent forwarding which is
378: particularly useful in this case. (bz#1837)</li>
379: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp-server&sektion=8">sftp-server(8)</a>:
380: <em>umask</em> should be parsed as octal.</li>
381: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>:
1.5 sobrado 382: escape '[' in filename tab-completion.</li>
1.4 sobrado 383: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:
384: Typo in confirmation message. (bz#1827)</li>
385: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:
386: prevent <em>free()</em> of string in <em>.rodata</em> when
387: overriding <em>AuthorizedKeys</em> in a <em>Match</em> block.</li>
388: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:
1.5 sobrado 389: Use default shell <em>/bin/sh</em> if <em>$SHELL</em> is "".</li>
1.4 sobrado 390: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:
391: kill proxy command on <em>fatal()</em> (we already killed it on
392: clean exit).</li>
393: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:
1.5 sobrado 394: install a <em>SIGCHLD</em> handler to reap expired child process.
1.4 sobrado 395: (bz#1812)</li>
396: <li>Support building against openssl-1.0.0a</li>
397: <li>Fix vulnerability in legacy certificate signing introduced in
398: OpenSSH-5.6 and found by Mateusz Kocielski.</li>
1.3 deraadt 399: </ul>
400: </ul>
401: <p>
402:
403: <li>Mandoc 1.10.9:
404: <ul>
405: <li>New integrated <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=tbl&sektion=7">tbl(7)</a> parser and renderer.
406: <li>Support the <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=roff&sektion=7">roff(7)</a> .de, .rm, and .so requests.
407: <li>Support all roff code used in the standard <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pod2man&sektion=1">pod2man(1)</a> preamble.
408: <li>Fully support roff quoting in <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=man&sektion=7">man(7)</a> documents.
409: <li>Mandoc now copes with most formatting errors that used to be fatal.
410: <li>Much simplified and improved reporting of errors and warnings.
411: <li>Significantly improved -Thtml output quality.
412: <li>The ports tree now allows ports to use either mandoc or groff
413: to render manuals.
414: </ul>
415: <p>
416:
1.14 deraadt 417: <li>Over 6,800 ports, major robustness and speed improvements in package tools.
1.3 deraadt 418: <li>Many pre-built packages for each architecture:
419: <table border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 width="95%">
420: <tr>
421: <td valign="top" width="25%">
422: <ul>
423: <li>i386: 6620
424: <li>sparc64: 6225
425: <li>alpha: 6000
426: </ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>
1.20 deraadt 427: <li>sh: 3656
1.3 deraadt 428: <li>amd64: 6570
429: <li>powerpc: 6272
430: </ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>
431: <li>sparc: 4184
1.20 deraadt 432: <li>arm: 5679
1.8 deraadt 433: <li>hppa: 5838
1.3 deraadt 434: </ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>
435: <li>vax: 1068
436: <li>mips64: 5492
437: <li>mips64el: 5499
438: </ul></td></tr></table>
439: Some highlights:
440: <ul>
441: <li>Gnome 2.32.1.
442: <li>KDE 3.5.10.
443: <li>Xfce 4.8.0.
444: <li>MySQL 5.1.54.
445: <li>PostgreSQL 9.0.3.
446: <li>Postfix 2.7.2.
447: <li>OpenLDAP 2.3.43 and 2.4.23.
448: <li>Mozilla Firefox 3.5.16 and 3.6.13.
449: <li>Mozilla Thunderbird 3.1.7.
450: <li>OpenOffice.org 3.3.0rc9.
1.26 jasper 451: <li>LibreOffice 3.3.0.4.
1.3 deraadt 452: <li>Emacs 21.4 and 22.3.
453: <li>Vim 7.3.3.
454: <li>PHP 5.2.16.
455: <li>Python 2.4.6, 2.5.4 and 2.6.6.
456: <li>Ruby 1.8.7.330 and 1.9.2.136.
457: <li>Mono 2.8.2.
1.26 jasper 458: <li>Chromium 9.0.597.94.
1.3 deraadt 459: </ul>
460: <p>
461:
462: <li>As usual, steady improvements in manual pages and other documentation.
463: <p>
464:
465: <li>The system includes the following major components from outside suppliers:
466: <ul>
1.13 matthieu 467: <li>Xenocara (based on X.Org 7.6 with xserver 1.9 + patches,
468: freetype 2.4.4,
1.19 stsp 469: fontconfig 2.8.0, Mesa 7.8.2, xterm 267 and more)
1.20 deraadt 470: <li>Gcc 2.95.3 (+ patches), 3.3.5 (+ patches) and 4.2.1 (+ patches)
471: <li>Perl 5.12.2 (+ patches)
1.3 deraadt 472: <li>Our improved and secured version of Apache 1.3, with SSL/TLS
1.20 deraadt 473: and DSO support
474: <li>OpenSSL 1.0.0a (+ patches)
475: <li>Sendmail 8.14.3, with libmilter
476: <li>Bind 9.4.2-P2 (+ patches)
477: <li>Lynx 2.8.6rel.5 with HTTPS and IPv6 support (+ patches)
478: <li>Sudo 1.7.2p8
479: <li>Ncurses 5.7
480: <li>Heimdal 0.7.2 (+ patches)
481: <li>Arla 0.35.7
482: <li>Binutils 2.15 (+ patches)
483: <li>Gdb 6.3 (+ patches)
1.3 deraadt 484: </ul>
1.1 deraadt 485: <p>
486:
487: </ul>
488:
489: <a name="install"></a>
490: <hr>
491: <p>
492: <h3><font color="#0000e0">How to install</font></h3>
493: <p>
494: Following this are the instructions which you would have on a piece of
495: paper if you had purchased a CDROM set instead of doing an alternate
496: form of install. The instructions for doing an FTP (or other style
497: of) install are very similar; the CDROM instructions are left intact
498: so that you can see how much easier it would have been if you had
499: purchased a CDROM instead.
500: <p>
501:
502: <hr>
503: Please refer to the following files on the three CDROMs or FTP mirror for
504: extensive details on how to install OpenBSD 4.9 on your machine:
505: <p>
506: <ul>
507: <li>CD1:4.9/i386/INSTALL.i386
508: <p>
509: <li>CD2:4.9/amd64/INSTALL.amd64
510: <li>CD2:4.9/macppc/INSTALL.macppc
511: <p>
512: <li>CD3:4.9/sparc64/INSTALL.sparc64
513: <p>
514: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/alpha/INSTALL.alpha
515: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/armish/INSTALL.armish
516: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/hp300/INSTALL.hp300
517: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/hppa/INSTALL.hppa
518: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/landisk/INSTALL.landisk
519: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/loongson/INSTALL.loongson
520: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/mvme68k/INSTALL.mvme68k
521: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/mvme88k/INSTALL.mvme88k
522: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/sgi/INSTALL.sgi
523: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/socppc/INSTALL.socppc
524: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/sparc/INSTALL.sparc
525: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/vax/INSTALL.vax
526: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/zaurus/INSTALL.zaurus
527: </ul>
528: <hr>
529:
530: <p>
531: Quick installer information for people familiar with OpenBSD, and the
532: use of the "disklabel -E" command. If you are at all confused when
533: installing OpenBSD, read the relevant INSTALL.* file as listed above!
534: <p>
535:
536: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/i386:</font></h3>
537: <ul>
538: Play with your BIOS options to enable booting from a CD. The OpenBSD/i386
539: release is on CD1. If your BIOS does not support booting from CD, you will need
540: to create a boot floppy to install from. To create a boot floppy write
541: <i>CD1:4.9/i386/floppy49.fs</i> to a floppy and boot via the floppy drive.
542:
543: <p>
544: Use <i>CD1:4.9/i386/floppyB49.fs</i> instead for greater SCSI controller
545: support, or <i>CD1:4.9/i386/floppyC49.fs</i> for better laptop support.
546:
547: <p>
548: If you can't boot from a CD or a floppy disk,
549: you can install across the network using PXE as described in
550: the included INSTALL.i386 document.
551:
552: <p>
553: If you are planning on dual booting OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to
554: read INSTALL.i386.
555:
556: <p>
557: To make a boot floppy under MS-DOS, use the "rawrite" utility located
558: at <i>CD1:4.9/tools/rawrite.exe</i>. To make the boot floppy under a Unix OS,
559: use the
560: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dd&sektion=1">dd(1)</a>
561: utility. The following is an example usage of
562: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dd&sektion=1">dd(1)</a>,
563: where the device could be "floppy", "rfd0c", or
564: "rfd0a".
565:
566: <ul><pre>
567: # <strong>dd if=<file> of=/dev/<device> bs=32k</strong>
568: </pre></ul>
569:
570: <p>
571: Make sure you use properly formatted perfect floppies with NO BAD BLOCKS or
572: your install will most likely fail. For more information on creating a boot
573: floppy and installing OpenBSD/i386 please refer to
574: <a href="faq/faq4.html#MkFlop">FAQ 4.3.2</a>.
575: </ul>
576:
577: <p>
578: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/amd64:</font></h3>
579: <ul>
580: The 4.9 release of OpenBSD/amd64 is located on CD2.
581: Boot from the CD to begin the install - you may need to adjust
582: your BIOS options first.
583: If you can't boot from the CD, you can create a boot floppy to install from.
584: To do this, write <i>CD2:4.9/amd64/floppy49.fs</i> to a floppy, then
585: boot from the floppy drive.
586:
587: <p>
588: If you can't boot from a CD or a floppy disk,
589: you can install across the network using PXE as described in the included
590: INSTALL.amd64 document.
591:
592: <p>
593: If you are planning to dual boot OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to
594: read INSTALL.amd64.
595: </ul>
596:
597: <p>
598: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/macppc:</font></h3>
599: <ul>
600: Put CD2 in your CDROM drive and poweron your machine while holding down the
601: <i>C</i> key until the display turns on and shows <i>OpenBSD/macppc boot</i>.
602:
603: <p>
604: Alternatively, at the Open Firmware prompt, enter <i>boot cd:,ofwboot
605: /4.9/macppc/bsd.rd</i>
606: </ul>
607:
608: <p>
609: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sparc64:</font></h3>
610: <ul>
611: Put CD3 in your CDROM drive and type <i>boot cdrom</i>.
612:
613: <p>
614: If this doesn't work, or if you don't have a CDROM drive, you can write
615: <i>CD3:4.9/sparc64/floppy49.fs</i> or <i>CD3:4.9/sparc64/floppyB49.fs</i>
616: (depending on your machine) to a floppy and boot it with <i>boot
617: floppy</i>. Refer to INSTALL.sparc64 for details.
618:
619: <p>
620: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
621: will most likely fail.
622:
623: <p>
624: You can also write <i>CD3:4.9/sparc64/miniroot49.fs</i> to the swap partition on
625: the disk and boot with <i>boot disk:b</i>.
626:
627: <p>
628: If nothing works, you can boot over the network as described in INSTALL.sparc64.
629: </ul>
630:
631: <p>
632: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/alpha:</font></h3>
633: <ul>
634: <p>Write <i>FTP:4.9/alpha/floppy49.fs</i> or
635: <i>FTP:4.9/alpha/floppyB49.fs</i> (depending on your machine) to a diskette and
636: enter <i>boot dva0</i>. Refer to INSTALL.alpha for more details.
637:
638: <p>
639: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
640: will most likely fail.
641:
642: </ul>
643:
644: <p>
645: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/armish:</font></h3>
646: <ul>
647: <p>
648: After connecting a serial port, Thecus can boot directly from the network
649: either tftp or http. Configure the network using fconfig, reset,
650: then load bsd.rd, see INSTALL.armish for specific details.
651: IOData HDL-G can only boot from an EXT-2 partition. Boot into linux
652: and copy 'boot' and bsd.rd into the first partition on wd0 (hda1)
653: then load and run bsd.rd, preserving the wd0i (hda1) ext2fs partition.
654: More details are available in INSTALL.armish.
655: </ul>
656:
657: <p>
658: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/hp300:</font></h3>
659: <ul>
660: <p>
661: Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hp300.
662: </ul>
663:
664: <p>
665: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/hppa:</font></h3>
666: <ul>
667: <p>
668: Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hppa or the
669: <a href="hppa.html#install">hppa platform page</a>.
670: </ul>
671:
672: <p>
673: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/landisk:</font></h3>
674: <ul>
675: <p>
676: Write <i>miniroot49.fs</i> to the start of the CF
677: or disk, and boot normally.
678: </ul>
679:
680: <p>
681: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/loongson:</font></h3>
682: <ul>
683: <p>
684: Write <i>miniroot49.fs</i> to a USB stick and boot bsd.rd from it
685: or boot bsd.rd via tftp.
686: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.loongson for more details.
687: </ul>
688: <p>
689:
690: <p>
691: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mvme68k:</font></h3>
692: <ul>
693: <p>
694: You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>
695: The network boot requires a MVME68K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>
696: and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme68k
697: for more details.
698: </ul>
699:
700: <p>
701: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mvme88k:</font></h3>
702: <ul>
703: <p>
704: You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>
705: The network boot requires a MVME88K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>
706: and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme88k
707: for more details.
708: </ul>
709:
710: <p>
711: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sgi:</font></h3>
712: <ul>
713: <p>
714: To install on an O2, burn cd49.iso on a CD-R, put it in the CD drive of your
715: machine and select <i>Install System Software</i> from the System Maintenance
716: menu.
717:
718: <p>
719: On other systems, or if your machine doesn't have a CD drive, you can
720: setup a DHCP/tftp network server, and boot using "bootp()/bsd.rd.IP##" using
721: the kernel matching your system type.
722: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.sgi for more details.
723: </ul>
724:
725: <p>
726: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/socppc:</font></h3>
727: <ul>
728: <p>
729: After connecting a serial port, boot over the network via DHCP/tftp.
730: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.socppc for more details.
731: </ul>
732:
733: <p>
734: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sparc:</font></h3>
735: <ul>
736: Boot from one of the provided install ISO images, using one of the two
737: commands listed below, depending on the version of your ROM.
738:
739: <ul><pre>
740: ok <strong>boot cdrom 4.9/sparc/bsd.rd</strong>
741: or
742: > <strong>b sd(0,6,0)4.9/sparc/bsd.rd</strong>
743: </pre></ul>
744:
745: <p>
746: If your SPARC system does not have a CD drive, you can alternatively boot from floppy.
747: To do so you need to write <i>floppy49.fs</i> to a floppy.
748: For more information see <a href="faq/faq4.html#MkFlop">FAQ 4.3.2</a>.
749: To boot from the floppy use one of the two commands listed below,
750: depending on the version of your ROM.
751:
752: <ul><pre>
753: ok <strong>boot floppy</strong>
754: or
755: > <strong>b fd()</strong>
756: </pre></ul>
757:
758: <p>
759: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
760: will most likely fail.
761:
762: <p>
763: If your SPARC system doesn't have a floppy drive nor a CD drive, you can either
764: setup a bootable tape, or install via network, as told in the
765: INSTALL.sparc file.
766: </ul>
767:
768: <p>
769: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/vax:</font></h3>
770: <ul>
771: Boot over the network via mopbooting as described in INSTALL.vax.
772: </ul>
773:
774: <p>
775: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/zaurus:</font></h3>
776: <ul>
777: <p>
778: Using the Linux built-in graphical ipkg installer, install the
779: openbsd49_arm.ipk package. Reboot, then run it. Read INSTALL.zaurus
780: for a few important details.
781: </ul>
782:
783: <p>
784: <h3><font color="#e00000">Notes about the source code:</font></h3>
785: <ul>
786: src.tar.gz contains a source archive starting at /usr/src. This file
787: contains everything you need except for the kernel sources, which are
788: in a separate archive. To extract:
789: <p>
790: <ul><pre>
791: # <strong>mkdir -p /usr/src</strong>
792: # <strong>cd /usr/src</strong>
793: # <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/src.tar.gz</strong>
794: </pre></ul>
795: <p>
796: sys.tar.gz contains a source archive starting at /usr/src/sys.
797: This file contains all the kernel sources you need to rebuild kernels.
798: To extract:
799: <p>
800: <ul><pre>
801: # <strong>mkdir -p /usr/src/sys</strong>
802: # <strong>cd /usr/src</strong>
803: # <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/sys.tar.gz</strong>
804: </pre></ul>
805: <p>
806: Both of these trees are a regular CVS checkout. Using these trees it
807: is possible to get a head-start on using the anoncvs servers as
808: described <a href="anoncvs.html">here</a>.
809: Using these files
810: results in a much faster initial CVS update than you could expect from
811: a fresh checkout of the full OpenBSD source tree.
812: <p>
813: </ul>
814:
815: <a name="upgrade"></a>
816: <hr>
817: <p>
818: <h3><font color="#0000e0">How to upgrade</font></h3>
819: <p>
1.2 deraadt 820: If you already have an OpenBSD 4.8 system, and do not want to reinstall,
1.1 deraadt 821: upgrade instructions and advice can be found in the
822: <a href="faq/upgrade49.html">Upgrade Guide</a>.
823:
824: <a name="ports"></a>
825: <hr>
826: <p>
827: <h3><font color="#0000e0">Ports Tree</font></h3>
828: <p>
829: A ports tree archive is also provided. To extract:
830: <p>
831: <ul><pre>
832: # <strong>cd /usr</strong>
833: # <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/ports.tar.gz</strong>
834: # <strong>cd ports</strong>
835: </pre></ul>
836: <p>
837: The <i>ports/</i> subdirectory is a checkout of the OpenBSD ports tree. Go
838: read the <a href="faq/ports/index.html">ports</a> page
839: if you know nothing about ports
840: at this point. This text is not a manual of how to use ports.
841: Rather, it is a set of notes meant to kickstart the user on the
842: OpenBSD ports system.
843: <p>
844: The <i>ports/</i> directory represents a CVS (see the manpage for
845: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=cvs&apropos=0&sektion=1&manpath=OpenBSD+Current&arch=i386">
846: cvs(1)</a> if
847: you aren't familiar with CVS) checkout of our ports. As with our complete
848: source tree, our ports tree is available via anoncvs. So, in
849: order to keep current with it, you must make the <i>ports/</i> tree
850: available on a read-write medium and update the tree with a command
851: like:
852: <p>
853: <ul><pre>
854: # <strong>cd [portsdir]/; cvs -d anoncvs@server.openbsd.org:/cvs update -Pd -rOPENBSD_4_9</strong>
855: </pre></ul>
856: <p>
857: [Of course, you must replace the local directory and server name here
858: with the location of your ports collection and a nearby anoncvs
859: server.]
860: <p>
861: Note that most ports are available as packages through FTP. Updated
862: packages for the 4.9 release will be made available if problems arise.
863: <p>
864: If you're interested in seeing a port added, would like to help out, or just
865: would like to know more, the mailing list ports@openbsd.org is a good
866: place to know.
867: <p>
868:
869: </body>
870: </html>
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