Annotation of www/49.html, Revision 1.54
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1.48 deraadt 4: <title>OpenBSD 4.9</title>
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1.50 deraadt 15: <p>
1.1 deraadt 16:
17: <a href="images/Hitchhiker.jpg">
1.48 deraadt 18: <img align="left" width="227" height="343" hspace="24" src="images/Hitchhiker.jpg"></a>
19: <h2><font color="#0000e0">OpenBSD 4.9</font></h2>
1.1 deraadt 20: <p>
21: Released May 1, 2011<br>
22: Copyright 1997-2011, Theo de Raadt.<br>
23: <font color="#e00000">ISBN 978-0-9784475-7-1</font>
24: <br>
25: <a href="lyrics.html#49">4.9 Song: "The Answer"</a>
26: <p>
27: <ul>
1.52 deraadt 28: <li>Order a CDROM from our <a href="https://openbsdstore.com">ordering system</a>.
1.1 deraadt 29: <li>See the information on <a href="ftp.html">The FTP page</a> for
30: a list of mirror machines.
31: <li>Go to the <font color="#e00000">pub/OpenBSD/4.9/</font> directory on
32: one of the mirror sites.
33: <li>Have a look at <a href="errata49.html">The 4.9 Errata page</a> for a list
34: of bugs and workarounds.
35: <li>See a <a href="plus49.html">detailed log of changes</a> between the
36: 4.8 and 4.9 releases.
37: </ul>
38: <br clear=all>
1.49 deraadt 39: <p>
1.48 deraadt 40: All applicable copyrights and credits can be found in the applicable
41: file sources found in the files src.tar.gz, sys.tar.gz,
42: xenocara.tar.gz, or in the files fetched via ports.tar.gz. The
43: distribution files used to build packages from the ports.tar.gz file
44: are not included on the CDROM because of lack of space.
1.1 deraadt 45: <p>
46:
47: <a name="new"></a>
48: <hr>
49: <p>
50: <h3><font color="#0000e0">What's New</font></h3>
51: <p>
52: This is a partial list of new features and systems included in OpenBSD 4.9.
53: For a comprehensive list, see the <a href="plus49.html">changelog</a> leading
54: to 4.9.
55: <p>
56:
57: <ul>
58:
1.3 deraadt 59: <li>New/extended platforms:
60: <ul>
1.25 jsing 61: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/amd64.html">OpenBSD/amd64</a>
62: and <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/i386.html">OpenBSD/i386</a>:
1.3 deraadt 63: <ul>
1.36 sthen 64: <li>Enabled <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mount_ntfs&sektion=8&format=html">NTFS</a> by default (read-only) on GENERIC kernels.
1.33 jcs 65: <li>Enabled the <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=vmt&sektion=4&format=html">vmt(4)</a> driver by default for VMWare tools support as a guest.
1.11 jj 66: <li>SMP kernels can now boot on machines with up to 64 cores.
67: <li>Maximum allocation size for i386 bumped to 2G.
1.19 stsp 68: <li>Handle >16 disks when searching for kernel boot device.
1.37 jsg 69: <li>Added support for AES-NI instructions found in recent Intel
70: processors.
1.31 deraadt 71: <li>Further improvements in suspend and resume.
72: <li>Processes are now switched to TSS per cpu on the
73: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/amd64.html">amd64</a> platform,
74: resulting in removal of the old limit of ~4000 processes.
1.3 deraadt 75: </ul>
1.25 jsing 76: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/hppa.html">OpenBSD/hppa</a>:
1.21 jsing 77: <ul>
78: <li>Multiprocessor support.
79: </ul>
1.25 jsing 80: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/loongson.html">OpenBSD/loongson</a>
81: and <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sgi.html">OpenBSD/sgi</a>:
1.3 deraadt 82: <ul>
1.25 jsing 83: <li>All MIPS64 based platforms now use MI softfloat code, which
84: implements all MIPS IV specified floating point operations.
1.3 deraadt 85: </ul>
1.25 jsing 86: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sparc64.html">OpenBSD/sparc64</a>:
1.3 deraadt 87: <ul>
1.25 jsing 88: <li>The <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=vdsp&sektion=4&arch=sparc64">vdsp(4)</a> driver now supports the vDisk 1.1
89: protocol, allowing Solaris to run on top of an OpenBSD
90: control domain.
1.3 deraadt 91: </ul>
92: </ul>
93: <p>
94:
95: <li>Improved hardware support, including:
96: <ul>
1.25 jsing 97: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=vte&sektion=4&format=html">vte(4)</a>
1.9 kevlo 98: driver for RDC R6040 10/100 Ethernet devices.</li>
1.25 jsing 99: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=rdcphy&sektion=4&format=html">rdcphy(4)</a>
1.10 jsg 100: driver for RDC Semiconductor R6040 10/100 Ethernet PHY.
1.25 jsing 101: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=rsu&sektion=4&format=html">rsu(4)</a>
1.33 jcs 102: driver for Realtek RTL8188SU/RTL8191SU/RTL8192SU USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless devices.
1.25 jsing 103: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=urtwn&sektion=4&format=html">urtwn(4)</a>
1.33 jcs 104: driver for Realtek RTL8188CU/RTL8192CU USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless devices.
1.25 jsing 105: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=utwitch&sektion=4&format=html">utwitch(4)</a>
1.10 jsg 106: driver for YUREX USB twitch/jiggle of knee sensor.
1.33 jcs 107: <li>Support for AR9271, AR9280+AR7010 and AR9287+AR7010 USB IEEE 802.11a/g/n wireless
1.25 jsing 108: adapters has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=athn&sektion=4&format=html">athn(4)</a>.
1.10 jsg 109: <li>Support for 82583V
110: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=em&sektion=4">em(4)</a>.
111: <li>Support for Yukon 88E8059
112: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=msk&sektion=4">msk(4)</a>.
113: <li>Support for SiS191
114: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=se&sektion=4">se(4)</a>.
115: <li>Support for SAS2004
116: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mpii&sektion=4">mpii(4)</a>.
117: <li>Support for NVIDIA MCP89 SATA
118: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pciide&sektion=4">pciide(4)</a>.
1.30 deraadt 119: <li>Support for Mobility Radeon HD 4200
1.10 jsg 120: has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=radeondrm&sektion=4">radeondrm(4)</a>.
1.18 krw 121: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pms&sektion=4">pms(4)</a> support has been significantly reworked and expanded.
1.20 deraadt 122: <li>MCLGETI support has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=xl&sektion=4">xl(4)</a>.
1.24 jsing 123: <li>Support for low latency interrupt modulation has been added to
124: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ix&sektion=4">ix(4)</a>.
125: <li>Port multiplier support has been added to
126: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ahci&sektion=4">ahci(4)</a> and
127: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sili&sektion=4">sili(4)</a>.
128: <li>Support for Sun XVR-300 graphics has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=radeonfb&sektion=4&arch=sparc64">radeonfb(4)</a>.
129: <li>Added workaround for BCM5906 A0/1/2 controller silicon bug in
130: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bge&sektion=4">bge(4)</a>.
1.34 jakemsr 131: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ugen&sektion=4">ugen(4)</a>
132: can now be attached along with other drivers to multifunction devices.
133: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=umodem&sektion=4">umodem(4)</a>
134: now supports more devices.
1.40 sthen 135: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=umsm&sektion=4">umsm(4)</a>
136: now supports more mobile broadband devices.
1.34 jakemsr 137: <li>Support for more image processing controls was added to
138: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=uvideo&sektion=4">uvideo(4)</a>.
1.3 deraadt 139: </ul>
140: <p>
141:
142: <li>Generic network stack improvements:
143: <ul>
1.7 dlg 144: <li>Reworking of the MCLGETI livelock algorithm to improve
145: forwarding and host performance under high network load.</li>
1.31 deraadt 146: <li>Added support for socket splicing; sockets can be temporarily connected so that the kernel moves data without userland intervention. This will be used by <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=relayd&sektion=8">relayd(8)</a> in the next release.
1.29 mikeb 147: <li>Added AES-GCM support for IPsec.
1.22 jsing 148: <li>Added automatic send and receive buffer scaling for TCP.
1.20 deraadt 149: <li>Added wpakey option to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8">ifconfig(8)</a> replacing wpa-psk(8).
1.22 jsing 150: <li>TCP acknowledgments are no longer delayed on the loopback interface.
151: <li>Network livelock counters are now exported via <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sysctl&sektion=3">sysctl(3)</a>.
152: <li>A radix tree sorting bug was fixed, which results in significant
153: improvements to IPsec performance under certain conditions.
1.33 jcs 154: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=tcpdump&sektion=8">tcpdump(8)</a> now decodes Multicast DNS (mDNS) traffic.
1.42 jasper 155: <li>Wake on Lan support has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=arp&sektion=8">arp(8)</a>.
1.45 claudio 156: <li>Enabled MPLS and <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mpe&sektion=4">mpe(4)</a> by default on GENERIC kernels.</li>
157: <li>Added a mpls option to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8">ifconfig(8)</a> to enable MPLS on a per interface basis replacing the global sysctl knob.</li>
1.35 henning 158: </ul>
159: <p>
160:
1.45 claudio 161: <li>OpenBGPD, OpenOSPFD and other routing daemon improvements:
162: <ul>
163: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bgpd&sektion=8">bgpd(8)</a> handles various message encoding errors more gracefully now.</li>
164: <li>Notification messages are now logged in <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bgpd&sektion=8">bgpd(8)</a>.</li>
165: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ospfd&sektion=8">ospfd(8)</a> will now correctly redistribute overlapping routes.</li>
166: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ospfctl&sektion=8">ospfctl(8)</a> now prints the LSDB checksum in the show summary output for quick verification that two LSDBs are in sync.</li>
167: <li>Fixed <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ldpd&sektion=8">ldpd(8)</a>'s message parser to work on all architectures and more LDP messages are now implemented.</li>
168: <li>Various improvements in <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ospf6d&sektion=8">ospf6d(8)</a>.</li>
169: </ul>
170: <p>
1.35 henning 171: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pf&sektion=4">pf(4)</a> improvements:
172: <ul>
1.43 deraadt 173: <li>The logging subsystem has been largely rewritten, now logging the
1.44 deraadt 174: translated addresses again instead of the original ones.
1.35 henning 175: <li>match log rules cause a log on the fly, showing the packet exactly
1.44 deraadt 176: as <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pf&sektion=4">pf(4)</a> sees it at the moment of evaluating that rule. A packet can also
1.35 henning 177: be logged more than once now.
1.44 deraadt 178: <li>match log(matches) rules allow the further rule matching to be traced.
1.25 jsing 179: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pflog&sektion=4">pflog(4)</a>
180: now includes the original addresses and ports for packets that have been
181: rewritten. This is also displayed by
182: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=tcpdump&sektion=8">tcpdump(8)</a>.
1.3 deraadt 183: </ul>
184: <p>
185:
1.33 jcs 186: <li>IPsec stack audit was performed, resulting in:
1.29 mikeb 187: <ul>
188: <li>Several potential security problems have been identified and fixed.
189: <li>ARC4 based PRNG code was audited and revamped.
190: <li>New explicit_bzero kernel function was introduced to prevent a compiler
191: from optimizing
192: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=bzero&sektion=3">bzero</a>
193: calls away.
194: </ul>
195: <p>
196:
1.3 deraadt 197: <li>SCSI improvements:
198: <ul>
1.6 dlg 199: <li>Improved safety when detaching SCSI devices by waiting for
1.20 deraadt 200: the completion of pending commands.</li>
201: <li>Improved hotplug support on <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mpi&sektion=4">mpi(4)</a> and
202: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=mpii&sektion=4">mpii(4)</a>.</li>
1.6 dlg 203: <li>Continued iopoolification of SCSI drivers, notably on
1.20 deraadt 204: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=umass&sektion=4">umass(4)</a> which improves the
205: reliability and performance of multi-LUN devices.</li>
206: <li>Added <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=vscsi&sektion=4">vscsi(4)</a>, a driver for
1.33 jcs 207: userland handling of SCSI device commands.
1.20 deraadt 208: <li>Added <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=iscsid&sektion=8">iscsid(8)</a>, an iSCSI initiator.
1.21 jsing 209: <li>Forcibly restrict devices incapable of tagged I/O to executing one command at a time.
1.17 krw 210: <li>Discover and honour read-only status of <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sd&sektion=4">sd(4)</a> devices.
1.21 jsing 211: <li>Improve <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=st&sektion=4">st(4)</a> handling of I/O residual information.
1.17 krw 212: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sd&sektion=4">sd(4)</a> devices that can only execute one command at a time (e.g. USB) will now be allowed to spin up if necessary.
213: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=cd&sektion=4">cd(4)</a> will now attach CDROM devices identified as non-removable.
1.3 deraadt 214: </ul>
215: <p>
216:
217: <li>Assorted improvements:
218: <ul>
1.16 krw 219: <li>Enabled wide character support in <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ncurses&sektion=3">ncurses(3)</a>.
220: <li>Added <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=nsd&sektion=8">nsd(8)</a>, an authoritative name server implementation.
221: <li>Disklabel UID support improved and added to more utilities.
222: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=rarpd&sektion=8">rarpd(8)</a> now accepts a list of interfaces to listen on.
223: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dhclient&sektion=8">dhclient(8)</a> now accepts 'egress' as an interface name, meaning whichever interface is marked as being in the 'egress' group.
224: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dhcpd&sektion=8">dhcpd(8)</a> no longer listens on interfaces without a broadcast address (e.g. <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pflog&sektion=4">pflog(4)</a>).
225: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=who&sektion=1">who(1)</a> now displays as much of the hostname as fits on the line.
226: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=tcpdump&sektion=8">tcpdump(8)</a> now correctly handles 'net' primitives when processing <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pflog&sektion=4">pflog(4)</a> traffic.
1.17 krw 227: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=fdisk&sektion=8">fdisk(8)</a> now respects failure to read the MBR.
228: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=fdisk&sektion=8">fdisk(8)</a> will no longer infinitely loop when encountering an improperly constructed EBR.
1.31 deraadt 229: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=disklabel&sektion=8">disklabel(8)</a> no longer reuses information from a failed partition addition on the next addition of the same partition.
1.17 krw 230: <li>Many unused and obsolete <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=disktab&sektion=5">disktab(5)</a> entries removed.
1.33 jcs 231: <li>Enabled X11 autoconfiguration on <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sparc.html">sparc</a> and <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sparc64.html">sparc64</a>.
1.20 deraadt 232: <li>Implement attribute syntax from RFC4517 and support bsdauth in <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ldapd&sektion=8">ldapd(8)</a>.
233: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=video&sektion=1">video(1)</a> utility which can record or display images from <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=video&sektion=4">video(4)</a>.
1.23 jsing 234: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=httpd&sektion=8">httpd(8)</a> mod_headers now handles apache2 style RequestHeader directives.
1.32 jeremy 235: <li>UNIX-domain datagram socket support has been added to <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=nc&sektion=1">nc(1)</a> (-uU option).
1.23 jsing 236: <li>Added support for terabyte units in <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=disklabel&sektion=8">disklabel(8)</a>.
237: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/loongson.html">loongson</a> and
238: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sgi.html">sgi</a> platforms have been
239: switched over to gcc4.
240: <li><code>ddb cpu</code> support was added to the
241: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/sgi.html">sgi</a> platform.
242: <li>Fast path TLB miss handling was added to the
243: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/landisk.html">landisk</a> platform,
244: resulting in a 44-50% gain in performance.
245: <li>PCIe extended configuration space can now be viewed using
1.44 deraadt 246: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pcidump&sektion=8">pcidump(8)</a> (-xxx option).
1.23 jsing 247: <li>The number of spurious IPIs has been decreased on the
248: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/amd64.html">amd64</a> platform,
249: resulting in improved performance.
1.25 jsing 250: <li>Numerous improvements and bug fixes to
251: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=tmux&sektion=1">tmux(1)</a>.
1.27 mikeb 252: <li>Considerable robustness and interoperability improvements in the IKEv2
253: daemon
254: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=iked&sektion=8">iked(8)</a>.
1.28 mikeb 255: <li>Skipjack and libdes were retired from the system.
1.31 deraadt 256: CAST-128 implementation was also removed from libc.
1.34 jakemsr 257: <li>Removed some races in the USB subsystem, substantially increasing
258: reliability.
1.41 pirofti 259: <li>Added a few more
260: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=compat_linux&sektion=8&format=html">compat_linux(8)</a>
261: system calls to make it possible for newer versions of applications,
262: such as Skype, to execute.
1.39 sthen 263: <li>OpenBSD-specific package documentation is now centralised in
264: /usr/local/share/doc/pkg-readmes.
1.3 deraadt 265: </ul>
266: <p>
267:
268: <li>Install/Upgrade process changes:
269: <ul>
1.8 deraadt 270: <li>Fixed the hppa CD installation process.
271: <li>Added some more free firmwares to the CD media that could fit them.
272: <li>Make the macppc upgrade script update the boot blocks (oddly, this
1.31 deraadt 273: had been broken a very long time and no one noticed).
1.8 deraadt 274: <li>Teach the install script about the configuration of 802.11 interfaces.
275: Visible networks can be listed, and even configured for WPA.
276: <li>The install script now passes collected entropy better to the
277: system which is booted next.
1.15 krw 278: <li>Upgrade now defaults to checking only the root filesystem.
279: <li>Upgrade no longer checks filesystems with a fs_passno of 0.
280: <li>Upgrade now asks if it should proceed even if one or more filesystem mounts fail.
281: <li>Installer now configures <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ntpd&sektion=8">ntpd(8)</a> to use all provided time source IPs.
1.3 deraadt 282: </ul>
283: <p>
284:
1.12 ajacouto 285: <li>New <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=rc.d&sektion=8">rc.d(8)</a>
286: for starting, stopping and reconfiguring package daemons:
287: <ul>
288: <li>The <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=rc.subr&sektion=8">rc.subr(8)</a>
289: framework allows for easy creation of rc scripts.
290: This framework is still evolving.
291: <li>Only a handful of packages have migrated for now.
292: <li>rc.local can still be used instead of or in addition to
293: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=rc.d&sektion=8">rc.d(8)</a>.
294: </ul>
295: <p>
296:
1.4 sobrado 297: <li>OpenSSH 5.8:
1.3 deraadt 298: <ul>
299: <li>New features:
1.4 sobrado 300: <ul>
301: <li>Implement Elliptic Curve Cryptography modes for key exchange (ECDH)
302: and host/user keys (ECDSA) as specified by RFC5656. ECDH and ECDSA
303: offer better performance than plain DH and DSA at the same
304: equivalent symmetric key length, as well as much shorter keys.</li>
305: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>
306: and
307: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp-server&sektion=8">sftp-server(8)</a>:
308: add a protocol extension to support a hard link operation. It is
309: available through the "ln" command in the client. The old "ln"
310: behaviour of creating a symlink is available using its "-s" option
311: or through the preexisting "symlink" command.</li>
312: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=scp&sektion=1">scp(1)</a>:
313: Add a new -3 option to scp: Copies between two remote hosts are
314: transferred through the local host. Without this option the data is
315: copied directly between the two remote hosts.</li>
316: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:
317: automatically order the hostkeys requested by the client based on
318: which hostkeys are already recorded in known_hosts. This avoids
319: hostkey warnings when connecting to servers with new ECDSA keys,
320: since these are now preferred when learning hostkeys for the first
321: time.</li>
322: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>
323: and
324: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:
325: add a new IPQoS option to specify arbitrary TOS/DSCP/QoS values
326: instead of hardcoding lowdelay/throughput. (bz#1733)</li>
327: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>:
328: the sftp client is now significantly faster at performing directory
329: listings, using OpenBSD glob(3) extensions to preserve the results
330: of stat(3) operations performed in the course of its execution
331: rather than performing expensive round trips to fetch them again
332: afterwards.</li>
333: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:
334: "atomically" create the listening mux socket by binding it on a
335: temporary name and then linking it into position after listen() has
336: succeeded. This allows the mux clients to determine that the server
337: socket is either ready or stale without races. Stale server sockets
338: are now automatically removed. (also fixes bz#1711)</li>
339: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>
340: and
341: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:
342: add a <em>KexAlgorithms</em> knob to the client and server
343: configuration to allow selection of which key exchange methods are
344: used by
345: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>
346: and
347: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>
348: and their order of preference.</li>
349: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>
350: and
351: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=scp&sektion=1">scp(1)</a>:
352: factor out bandwidth limiting code from
353: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=scp&sektion=1">scp(1)</a>
354: into a generic bandwidth limiter that can be attached using the
355: <em>atomicio</em> callback mechanism and use it to add a bandwidth
356: limit option to
357: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>.
358: (bz#1147)</li>
1.3 deraadt 359: </ul>
360: <li>The following significant bugs have been fixed in this release:
361: <ul>
1.4 sobrado 362: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>
363: and
364: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh-agent&sektion=1">ssh-agent(1)</a>:
365: honour <em>$TMPDIR</em> for client xauth and ssh-agent temporary
366: directories. (bz#1809)</li>
367: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:
368: avoid <em>NULL</em> deref on receiving a channel request on an
369: unknown or invalid channel. (bz#1842)</li>
370: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:
371: remove a <em>debug()</em> that pollutes stderr on client connecting
372: to a server in debug mode. (bz#1719)</li>
373: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=scp&sektion=1">scp(1)</a>:
374: pass through ssh command-line flags and options when doing
375: remote-remote transfers, e.g. to enable agent forwarding which is
376: particularly useful in this case. (bz#1837)</li>
377: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp-server&sektion=8">sftp-server(8)</a>:
378: <em>umask</em> should be parsed as octal.</li>
379: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>:
1.5 sobrado 380: escape '[' in filename tab-completion.</li>
1.4 sobrado 381: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:
382: Typo in confirmation message. (bz#1827)</li>
383: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:
384: prevent <em>free()</em> of string in <em>.rodata</em> when
385: overriding <em>AuthorizedKeys</em> in a <em>Match</em> block.</li>
386: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:
1.5 sobrado 387: Use default shell <em>/bin/sh</em> if <em>$SHELL</em> is "".</li>
1.4 sobrado 388: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:
389: kill proxy command on <em>fatal()</em> (we already killed it on
390: clean exit).</li>
391: <li><a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:
1.5 sobrado 392: install a <em>SIGCHLD</em> handler to reap expired child process.
1.4 sobrado 393: (bz#1812)</li>
394: <li>Support building against openssl-1.0.0a</li>
395: <li>Fix vulnerability in legacy certificate signing introduced in
396: OpenSSH-5.6 and found by Mateusz Kocielski.</li>
1.3 deraadt 397: </ul>
398: </ul>
399: <p>
400:
401: <li>Mandoc 1.10.9:
402: <ul>
403: <li>New integrated <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=tbl&sektion=7">tbl(7)</a> parser and renderer.
404: <li>Support the <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=roff&sektion=7">roff(7)</a> .de, .rm, and .so requests.
405: <li>Support all roff code used in the standard <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=pod2man&sektion=1">pod2man(1)</a> preamble.
406: <li>Fully support roff quoting in <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=man&sektion=7">man(7)</a> documents.
407: <li>Mandoc now copes with most formatting errors that used to be fatal.
408: <li>Much simplified and improved reporting of errors and warnings.
409: <li>Significantly improved -Thtml output quality.
410: <li>The ports tree now allows ports to use either mandoc or groff
411: to render manuals.
412: </ul>
413: <p>
414:
1.14 deraadt 415: <li>Over 6,800 ports, major robustness and speed improvements in package tools.
1.3 deraadt 416: <li>Many pre-built packages for each architecture:
417: <table border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 width="95%">
418: <tr>
419: <td valign="top" width="25%">
420: <ul>
421: <li>i386: 6620
422: <li>sparc64: 6225
423: <li>alpha: 6000
424: </ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>
1.20 deraadt 425: <li>sh: 3656
1.3 deraadt 426: <li>amd64: 6570
427: <li>powerpc: 6272
428: </ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>
429: <li>sparc: 4184
1.20 deraadt 430: <li>arm: 5679
1.8 deraadt 431: <li>hppa: 5838
1.3 deraadt 432: </ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>
433: <li>vax: 1068
434: <li>mips64: 5492
435: <li>mips64el: 5499
436: </ul></td></tr></table>
437: Some highlights:
438: <ul>
439: <li>Gnome 2.32.1.
440: <li>KDE 3.5.10.
441: <li>Xfce 4.8.0.
442: <li>MySQL 5.1.54.
443: <li>PostgreSQL 9.0.3.
444: <li>Postfix 2.7.2.
445: <li>OpenLDAP 2.3.43 and 2.4.23.
446: <li>Mozilla Firefox 3.5.16 and 3.6.13.
447: <li>Mozilla Thunderbird 3.1.7.
448: <li>OpenOffice.org 3.3.0rc9.
1.26 jasper 449: <li>LibreOffice 3.3.0.4.
1.3 deraadt 450: <li>Emacs 21.4 and 22.3.
451: <li>Vim 7.3.3.
452: <li>PHP 5.2.16.
453: <li>Python 2.4.6, 2.5.4 and 2.6.6.
454: <li>Ruby 1.8.7.330 and 1.9.2.136.
455: <li>Mono 2.8.2.
1.26 jasper 456: <li>Chromium 9.0.597.94.
1.3 deraadt 457: </ul>
458: <p>
459:
460: <li>As usual, steady improvements in manual pages and other documentation.
461: <p>
462:
463: <li>The system includes the following major components from outside suppliers:
464: <ul>
1.13 matthieu 465: <li>Xenocara (based on X.Org 7.6 with xserver 1.9 + patches,
466: freetype 2.4.4,
1.19 stsp 467: fontconfig 2.8.0, Mesa 7.8.2, xterm 267 and more)
1.20 deraadt 468: <li>Gcc 2.95.3 (+ patches), 3.3.5 (+ patches) and 4.2.1 (+ patches)
469: <li>Perl 5.12.2 (+ patches)
1.3 deraadt 470: <li>Our improved and secured version of Apache 1.3, with SSL/TLS
1.20 deraadt 471: and DSO support
472: <li>OpenSSL 1.0.0a (+ patches)
473: <li>Sendmail 8.14.3, with libmilter
474: <li>Bind 9.4.2-P2 (+ patches)
475: <li>Lynx 2.8.6rel.5 with HTTPS and IPv6 support (+ patches)
476: <li>Sudo 1.7.2p8
477: <li>Ncurses 5.7
478: <li>Heimdal 0.7.2 (+ patches)
479: <li>Arla 0.35.7
480: <li>Binutils 2.15 (+ patches)
481: <li>Gdb 6.3 (+ patches)
1.3 deraadt 482: </ul>
1.1 deraadt 483: <p>
484:
485: </ul>
486:
487: <a name="install"></a>
488: <hr>
489: <p>
490: <h3><font color="#0000e0">How to install</font></h3>
491: <p>
492: Following this are the instructions which you would have on a piece of
493: paper if you had purchased a CDROM set instead of doing an alternate
494: form of install. The instructions for doing an FTP (or other style
495: of) install are very similar; the CDROM instructions are left intact
496: so that you can see how much easier it would have been if you had
497: purchased a CDROM instead.
498: <p>
499:
500: <hr>
501: Please refer to the following files on the three CDROMs or FTP mirror for
502: extensive details on how to install OpenBSD 4.9 on your machine:
503: <p>
504: <ul>
505: <li>CD1:4.9/i386/INSTALL.i386
506: <p>
507: <li>CD2:4.9/amd64/INSTALL.amd64
508: <li>CD2:4.9/macppc/INSTALL.macppc
509: <p>
510: <li>CD3:4.9/sparc64/INSTALL.sparc64
511: <p>
512: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/alpha/INSTALL.alpha
513: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/armish/INSTALL.armish
514: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/hp300/INSTALL.hp300
515: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/hppa/INSTALL.hppa
516: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/landisk/INSTALL.landisk
517: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/loongson/INSTALL.loongson
518: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/mvme68k/INSTALL.mvme68k
519: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/mvme88k/INSTALL.mvme88k
520: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/sgi/INSTALL.sgi
521: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/socppc/INSTALL.socppc
522: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/sparc/INSTALL.sparc
523: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/vax/INSTALL.vax
524: <li>FTP:.../OpenBSD/4.9/zaurus/INSTALL.zaurus
525: </ul>
526: <hr>
527:
528: <p>
529: Quick installer information for people familiar with OpenBSD, and the
530: use of the "disklabel -E" command. If you are at all confused when
531: installing OpenBSD, read the relevant INSTALL.* file as listed above!
532: <p>
533:
534: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/i386:</font></h3>
535: <ul>
536: Play with your BIOS options to enable booting from a CD. The OpenBSD/i386
537: release is on CD1. If your BIOS does not support booting from CD, you will need
538: to create a boot floppy to install from. To create a boot floppy write
539: <i>CD1:4.9/i386/floppy49.fs</i> to a floppy and boot via the floppy drive.
540:
541: <p>
542: Use <i>CD1:4.9/i386/floppyB49.fs</i> instead for greater SCSI controller
543: support, or <i>CD1:4.9/i386/floppyC49.fs</i> for better laptop support.
544:
545: <p>
546: If you can't boot from a CD or a floppy disk,
547: you can install across the network using PXE as described in
548: the included INSTALL.i386 document.
549:
550: <p>
551: If you are planning on dual booting OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to
552: read INSTALL.i386.
553:
554: <p>
555: To make a boot floppy under MS-DOS, use the "rawrite" utility located
556: at <i>CD1:4.9/tools/rawrite.exe</i>. To make the boot floppy under a Unix OS,
557: use the
558: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dd&sektion=1">dd(1)</a>
559: utility. The following is an example usage of
560: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=dd&sektion=1">dd(1)</a>,
561: where the device could be "floppy", "rfd0c", or
562: "rfd0a".
563:
564: <ul><pre>
565: # <strong>dd if=<file> of=/dev/<device> bs=32k</strong>
566: </pre></ul>
567:
568: <p>
569: Make sure you use properly formatted perfect floppies with NO BAD BLOCKS or
570: your install will most likely fail. For more information on creating a boot
571: floppy and installing OpenBSD/i386 please refer to
572: <a href="faq/faq4.html#MkFlop">FAQ 4.3.2</a>.
573: </ul>
574:
575: <p>
576: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/amd64:</font></h3>
577: <ul>
578: The 4.9 release of OpenBSD/amd64 is located on CD2.
579: Boot from the CD to begin the install - you may need to adjust
580: your BIOS options first.
581: If you can't boot from the CD, you can create a boot floppy to install from.
582: To do this, write <i>CD2:4.9/amd64/floppy49.fs</i> to a floppy, then
583: boot from the floppy drive.
584:
585: <p>
586: If you can't boot from a CD or a floppy disk,
587: you can install across the network using PXE as described in the included
588: INSTALL.amd64 document.
589:
590: <p>
591: If you are planning to dual boot OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to
592: read INSTALL.amd64.
593: </ul>
594:
595: <p>
596: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/macppc:</font></h3>
597: <ul>
598: Put CD2 in your CDROM drive and poweron your machine while holding down the
599: <i>C</i> key until the display turns on and shows <i>OpenBSD/macppc boot</i>.
600:
601: <p>
602: Alternatively, at the Open Firmware prompt, enter <i>boot cd:,ofwboot
603: /4.9/macppc/bsd.rd</i>
604: </ul>
605:
606: <p>
607: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sparc64:</font></h3>
608: <ul>
609: Put CD3 in your CDROM drive and type <i>boot cdrom</i>.
610:
611: <p>
612: If this doesn't work, or if you don't have a CDROM drive, you can write
613: <i>CD3:4.9/sparc64/floppy49.fs</i> or <i>CD3:4.9/sparc64/floppyB49.fs</i>
614: (depending on your machine) to a floppy and boot it with <i>boot
615: floppy</i>. Refer to INSTALL.sparc64 for details.
616:
617: <p>
618: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
619: will most likely fail.
620:
621: <p>
622: You can also write <i>CD3:4.9/sparc64/miniroot49.fs</i> to the swap partition on
623: the disk and boot with <i>boot disk:b</i>.
624:
625: <p>
626: If nothing works, you can boot over the network as described in INSTALL.sparc64.
627: </ul>
628:
629: <p>
630: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/alpha:</font></h3>
631: <ul>
632: <p>Write <i>FTP:4.9/alpha/floppy49.fs</i> or
633: <i>FTP:4.9/alpha/floppyB49.fs</i> (depending on your machine) to a diskette and
634: enter <i>boot dva0</i>. Refer to INSTALL.alpha for more details.
635:
636: <p>
637: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
638: will most likely fail.
639:
640: </ul>
641:
642: <p>
643: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/armish:</font></h3>
644: <ul>
645: <p>
646: After connecting a serial port, Thecus can boot directly from the network
647: either tftp or http. Configure the network using fconfig, reset,
648: then load bsd.rd, see INSTALL.armish for specific details.
649: IOData HDL-G can only boot from an EXT-2 partition. Boot into linux
650: and copy 'boot' and bsd.rd into the first partition on wd0 (hda1)
651: then load and run bsd.rd, preserving the wd0i (hda1) ext2fs partition.
652: More details are available in INSTALL.armish.
653: </ul>
654:
655: <p>
656: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/hp300:</font></h3>
657: <ul>
658: <p>
659: Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hp300.
660: </ul>
661:
662: <p>
663: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/hppa:</font></h3>
664: <ul>
665: <p>
666: Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hppa or the
667: <a href="hppa.html#install">hppa platform page</a>.
668: </ul>
669:
670: <p>
671: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/landisk:</font></h3>
672: <ul>
673: <p>
674: Write <i>miniroot49.fs</i> to the start of the CF
675: or disk, and boot normally.
676: </ul>
677:
678: <p>
679: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/loongson:</font></h3>
680: <ul>
681: <p>
682: Write <i>miniroot49.fs</i> to a USB stick and boot bsd.rd from it
683: or boot bsd.rd via tftp.
684: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.loongson for more details.
685: </ul>
686: <p>
687:
688: <p>
689: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mvme68k:</font></h3>
690: <ul>
691: <p>
692: You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>
693: The network boot requires a MVME68K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>
694: and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme68k
695: for more details.
696: </ul>
697:
698: <p>
699: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mvme88k:</font></h3>
700: <ul>
701: <p>
702: You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>
703: The network boot requires a MVME88K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>
704: and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme88k
705: for more details.
706: </ul>
707:
708: <p>
709: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sgi:</font></h3>
710: <ul>
711: <p>
712: To install on an O2, burn cd49.iso on a CD-R, put it in the CD drive of your
713: machine and select <i>Install System Software</i> from the System Maintenance
714: menu.
715:
716: <p>
717: On other systems, or if your machine doesn't have a CD drive, you can
718: setup a DHCP/tftp network server, and boot using "bootp()/bsd.rd.IP##" using
719: the kernel matching your system type.
720: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.sgi for more details.
721: </ul>
722:
723: <p>
724: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/socppc:</font></h3>
725: <ul>
726: <p>
727: After connecting a serial port, boot over the network via DHCP/tftp.
728: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.socppc for more details.
729: </ul>
730:
731: <p>
732: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sparc:</font></h3>
733: <ul>
734: Boot from one of the provided install ISO images, using one of the two
735: commands listed below, depending on the version of your ROM.
736:
737: <ul><pre>
738: ok <strong>boot cdrom 4.9/sparc/bsd.rd</strong>
739: or
740: > <strong>b sd(0,6,0)4.9/sparc/bsd.rd</strong>
741: </pre></ul>
742:
743: <p>
744: If your SPARC system does not have a CD drive, you can alternatively boot from floppy.
745: To do so you need to write <i>floppy49.fs</i> to a floppy.
746: For more information see <a href="faq/faq4.html#MkFlop">FAQ 4.3.2</a>.
747: To boot from the floppy use one of the two commands listed below,
748: depending on the version of your ROM.
749:
750: <ul><pre>
751: ok <strong>boot floppy</strong>
752: or
753: > <strong>b fd()</strong>
754: </pre></ul>
755:
756: <p>
757: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
758: will most likely fail.
759:
760: <p>
761: If your SPARC system doesn't have a floppy drive nor a CD drive, you can either
762: setup a bootable tape, or install via network, as told in the
763: INSTALL.sparc file.
764: </ul>
765:
766: <p>
767: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/vax:</font></h3>
768: <ul>
769: Boot over the network via mopbooting as described in INSTALL.vax.
770: </ul>
771:
772: <p>
773: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/zaurus:</font></h3>
774: <ul>
775: <p>
776: Using the Linux built-in graphical ipkg installer, install the
777: openbsd49_arm.ipk package. Reboot, then run it. Read INSTALL.zaurus
778: for a few important details.
779: </ul>
780:
781: <p>
782: <h3><font color="#e00000">Notes about the source code:</font></h3>
783: <ul>
784: src.tar.gz contains a source archive starting at /usr/src. This file
785: contains everything you need except for the kernel sources, which are
786: in a separate archive. To extract:
787: <p>
788: <ul><pre>
789: # <strong>mkdir -p /usr/src</strong>
790: # <strong>cd /usr/src</strong>
791: # <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/src.tar.gz</strong>
792: </pre></ul>
793: <p>
794: sys.tar.gz contains a source archive starting at /usr/src/sys.
795: This file contains all the kernel sources you need to rebuild kernels.
796: To extract:
797: <p>
798: <ul><pre>
799: # <strong>mkdir -p /usr/src/sys</strong>
800: # <strong>cd /usr/src</strong>
801: # <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/sys.tar.gz</strong>
802: </pre></ul>
803: <p>
804: Both of these trees are a regular CVS checkout. Using these trees it
805: is possible to get a head-start on using the anoncvs servers as
806: described <a href="anoncvs.html">here</a>.
807: Using these files
808: results in a much faster initial CVS update than you could expect from
809: a fresh checkout of the full OpenBSD source tree.
810: <p>
811: </ul>
812:
813: <a name="upgrade"></a>
814: <hr>
815: <p>
816: <h3><font color="#0000e0">How to upgrade</font></h3>
817: <p>
1.2 deraadt 818: If you already have an OpenBSD 4.8 system, and do not want to reinstall,
1.1 deraadt 819: upgrade instructions and advice can be found in the
820: <a href="faq/upgrade49.html">Upgrade Guide</a>.
821:
822: <a name="ports"></a>
823: <hr>
824: <p>
825: <h3><font color="#0000e0">Ports Tree</font></h3>
826: <p>
827: A ports tree archive is also provided. To extract:
828: <p>
829: <ul><pre>
830: # <strong>cd /usr</strong>
831: # <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/ports.tar.gz</strong>
832: # <strong>cd ports</strong>
833: </pre></ul>
834: <p>
835: The <i>ports/</i> subdirectory is a checkout of the OpenBSD ports tree. Go
836: read the <a href="faq/ports/index.html">ports</a> page
837: if you know nothing about ports
838: at this point. This text is not a manual of how to use ports.
839: Rather, it is a set of notes meant to kickstart the user on the
840: OpenBSD ports system.
841: <p>
842: The <i>ports/</i> directory represents a CVS (see the manpage for
843: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=cvs&apropos=0&sektion=1&manpath=OpenBSD+Current&arch=i386">
844: cvs(1)</a> if
845: you aren't familiar with CVS) checkout of our ports. As with our complete
846: source tree, our ports tree is available via anoncvs. So, in
847: order to keep current with it, you must make the <i>ports/</i> tree
848: available on a read-write medium and update the tree with a command
849: like:
850: <p>
851: <ul><pre>
852: # <strong>cd [portsdir]/; cvs -d anoncvs@server.openbsd.org:/cvs update -Pd -rOPENBSD_4_9</strong>
853: </pre></ul>
854: <p>
855: [Of course, you must replace the local directory and server name here
856: with the location of your ports collection and a nearby anoncvs
857: server.]
858: <p>
859: Note that most ports are available as packages through FTP. Updated
860: packages for the 4.9 release will be made available if problems arise.
861: <p>
862: If you're interested in seeing a port added, would like to help out, or just
863: would like to know more, the mailing list ports@openbsd.org is a good
864: place to know.
865: <p>
866:
867: </body>
868: </html>
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