Annotation of www/49.html, Revision 1.69
1.64 bentley 1: <!doctype html>
2: <html lang=en id=release>
3: <meta charset=utf-8>
4:
1.48 deraadt 5: <title>OpenBSD 4.9</title>
1.19 stsp 6: <meta name="description" content="OpenBSD 4.9">
1.58 tj 7: <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
8: <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="openbsd.css">
1.60 tb 9: <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.openbsd.org/49.html">
1.1 deraadt 10:
1.64 bentley 11: <h2 id=OpenBSD>
1.1 deraadt 12: <a href="index.html">
1.64 bentley 13: <i>Open</i><b>BSD</b></a>
14: 4.9
1.58 tj 15: </h2>
1.1 deraadt 16:
1.64 bentley 17: <table>
18: <tr>
19: <td>
1.1 deraadt 20: <a href="images/Hitchhiker.jpg">
1.64 bentley 21: <img width="227" height="343" src="images/Hitchhiker.jpg" alt="Hitchhiker"></a>
22: <td>
1.1 deraadt 23: Released May 1, 2011<br>
24: Copyright 1997-2011, Theo de Raadt.<br>
1.64 bentley 25: <cite class=isbn>ISBN 978-0-9784475-7-1</cite>
1.1 deraadt 26: <br>
1.55 deraadt 27: 4.9 Song: <a href="lyrics.html#49">"The Answer"</a>
1.63 deraadt 28: <br>
29: <br>
1.1 deraadt 30: <ul>
31: <li>See the information on <a href="ftp.html">The FTP page</a> for
32: a list of mirror machines.
1.64 bentley 33: <li>Go to the <code class=reldir>pub/OpenBSD/4.9/</code> directory on
1.1 deraadt 34: one of the mirror sites.
35: <li>Have a look at <a href="errata49.html">The 4.9 Errata page</a> for a list
36: of bugs and workarounds.
37: <li>See a <a href="plus49.html">detailed log of changes</a> between the
38: 4.8 and 4.9 releases.
39: </ul>
1.58 tj 40: <p>
41: All applicable copyrights and credits are in the src.tar.gz,
42: sys.tar.gz, xenocara.tar.gz, ports.tar.gz files, or in the
1.69 ! deraadt 43: files fetched via <code>ports.tar.gz</code>.
1.64 bentley 44: </table>
1.58 tj 45:
46: <hr>
1.1 deraadt 47:
1.64 bentley 48: <section id=new>
49: <h3>What's New</h3>
1.1 deraadt 50: <p>
51: This is a partial list of new features and systems included in OpenBSD 4.9.
52: For a comprehensive list, see the <a href="plus49.html">changelog</a> leading
53: to 4.9.
54: <p>
55:
56: <ul>
57:
1.3 deraadt 58: <li>New/extended platforms:
59: <ul>
1.60 tb 60: <li><a href="amd64.html">OpenBSD/amd64</a>
61: and <a href="i386.html">OpenBSD/i386</a>:
1.3 deraadt 62: <ul>
1.64 bentley 63: <li>Enabled <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mount_ntfs.8">NTFS</a> by default (read-only) on GENERIC kernels.
64: <li>Enabled the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/vmt.4">vmt(4)</a> driver by default for VMWare tools support as a guest.
1.11 jj 65: <li>SMP kernels can now boot on machines with up to 64 cores.
66: <li>Maximum allocation size for i386 bumped to 2G.
1.19 stsp 67: <li>Handle >16 disks when searching for kernel boot device.
1.37 jsg 68: <li>Added support for AES-NI instructions found in recent Intel
69: processors.
1.31 deraadt 70: <li>Further improvements in suspend and resume.
71: <li>Processes are now switched to TSS per cpu on the
1.60 tb 72: <a href="amd64.html">amd64</a> platform,
1.31 deraadt 73: resulting in removal of the old limit of ~4000 processes.
1.3 deraadt 74: </ul>
1.60 tb 75: <li><a href="hppa.html">OpenBSD/hppa</a>:
1.21 jsing 76: <ul>
77: <li>Multiprocessor support.
78: </ul>
1.60 tb 79: <li><a href="loongson.html">OpenBSD/loongson</a>
80: and <a href="sgi.html">OpenBSD/sgi</a>:
1.3 deraadt 81: <ul>
1.25 jsing 82: <li>All MIPS64 based platforms now use MI softfloat code, which
83: implements all MIPS IV specified floating point operations.
1.3 deraadt 84: </ul>
1.60 tb 85: <li><a href="sparc64.html">OpenBSD/sparc64</a>:
1.3 deraadt 86: <ul>
1.64 bentley 87: <li>The <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sparc64/vdsp.4">vdsp(4)</a> driver now supports the vDisk 1.1
1.25 jsing 88: protocol, allowing Solaris to run on top of an OpenBSD
89: control domain.
1.3 deraadt 90: </ul>
91: </ul>
92: <p>
93:
94: <li>Improved hardware support, including:
95: <ul>
1.64 bentley 96: <li>New <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/vte.4">vte(4)</a>
1.65 deraadt 97: driver for RDC R6040 10/100 Ethernet devices.
1.64 bentley 98: <li>New <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rdcphy.4">rdcphy(4)</a>
1.10 jsg 99: driver for RDC Semiconductor R6040 10/100 Ethernet PHY.
1.64 bentley 100: <li>New <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rsu.4">rsu(4)</a>
1.33 jcs 101: driver for Realtek RTL8188SU/RTL8191SU/RTL8192SU USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless devices.
1.64 bentley 102: <li>New <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/urtwn.4">urtwn(4)</a>
1.33 jcs 103: driver for Realtek RTL8188CU/RTL8192CU USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless devices.
1.64 bentley 104: <li>New <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/utwitch.4">utwitch(4)</a>
1.10 jsg 105: driver for YUREX USB twitch/jiggle of knee sensor.
1.33 jcs 106: <li>Support for AR9271, AR9280+AR7010 and AR9287+AR7010 USB IEEE 802.11a/g/n wireless
1.64 bentley 107: adapters has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/athn.4">athn(4)</a>.
1.10 jsg 108: <li>Support for 82583V
1.64 bentley 109: has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/em.4">em(4)</a>.
1.10 jsg 110: <li>Support for Yukon 88E8059
1.64 bentley 111: has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/msk.4">msk(4)</a>.
1.10 jsg 112: <li>Support for SiS191
1.64 bentley 113: has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/se.4">se(4)</a>.
1.10 jsg 114: <li>Support for SAS2004
1.64 bentley 115: has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mpii.4">mpii(4)</a>.
1.10 jsg 116: <li>Support for NVIDIA MCP89 SATA
1.64 bentley 117: has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pciide.4">pciide(4)</a>.
1.30 deraadt 118: <li>Support for Mobility Radeon HD 4200
1.64 bentley 119: has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/radeondrm.4">radeondrm(4)</a>.
120: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pms.4">pms(4)</a> support has been significantly reworked and expanded.
121: <li>MCLGETI support has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/xl.4">xl(4)</a>.
1.24 jsing 122: <li>Support for low latency interrupt modulation has been added to
1.64 bentley 123: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ix.4">ix(4)</a>.
1.24 jsing 124: <li>Port multiplier support has been added to
1.64 bentley 125: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ahci.4">ahci(4)</a> and
126: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sili.4">sili(4)</a>.
127: <li>Support for Sun XVR-300 graphics has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sparc64/radeonfb.4">radeonfb(4)</a>.
1.24 jsing 128: <li>Added workaround for BCM5906 A0/1/2 controller silicon bug in
1.64 bentley 129: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bge.4">bge(4)</a>.
130: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ugen.4">ugen(4)</a>
1.34 jakemsr 131: can now be attached along with other drivers to multifunction devices.
1.64 bentley 132: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/umodem.4">umodem(4)</a>
1.34 jakemsr 133: now supports more devices.
1.64 bentley 134: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/umsm.4">umsm(4)</a>
1.40 sthen 135: now supports more mobile broadband devices.
1.34 jakemsr 136: <li>Support for more image processing controls was added to
1.64 bentley 137: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/uvideo.4">uvideo(4)</a>.
1.3 deraadt 138: </ul>
139: <p>
140:
141: <li>Generic network stack improvements:
142: <ul>
1.7 dlg 143: <li>Reworking of the MCLGETI livelock algorithm to improve
1.65 deraadt 144: forwarding and host performance under high network load.
1.64 bentley 145: <li>Added support for socket splicing; sockets can be temporarily connected so that the kernel moves data without userland intervention. This will be used by <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/relayd.8">relayd(8)</a> in the next release.
1.29 mikeb 146: <li>Added AES-GCM support for IPsec.
1.22 jsing 147: <li>Added automatic send and receive buffer scaling for TCP.
1.64 bentley 148: <li>Added wpakey option to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ifconfig.8">ifconfig(8)</a> replacing wpa-psk(8).
1.22 jsing 149: <li>TCP acknowledgments are no longer delayed on the loopback interface.
1.64 bentley 150: <li>Network livelock counters are now exported via <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sysctl.3">sysctl(3)</a>.
1.22 jsing 151: <li>A radix tree sorting bug was fixed, which results in significant
152: improvements to IPsec performance under certain conditions.
1.64 bentley 153: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tcpdump.8">tcpdump(8)</a> now decodes Multicast DNS (mDNS) traffic.
154: <li>Wake on Lan support has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/arp.8">arp(8)</a>.
1.65 deraadt 155: <li>Enabled MPLS and <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mpe.4">mpe(4)</a> by default on GENERIC kernels.
156: <li>Added a mpls option to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ifconfig.8">ifconfig(8)</a> to enable MPLS on a per interface basis replacing the global sysctl knob.
1.35 henning 157: </ul>
158: <p>
159:
1.45 claudio 160: <li>OpenBGPD, OpenOSPFD and other routing daemon improvements:
161: <ul>
1.65 deraadt 162: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bgpd.8">bgpd(8)</a> handles various message encoding errors more gracefully now.
163: <li>Notification messages are now logged in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bgpd.8">bgpd(8)</a>.
164: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ospfd.8">ospfd(8)</a> will now correctly redistribute overlapping routes.
165: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ospfctl.8">ospfctl(8)</a> now prints the LSDB checksum in the show summary output for quick verification that two LSDBs are in sync.
166: <li>Fixed <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ldpd.8">ldpd(8)</a>'s message parser to work on all architectures and more LDP messages are now implemented.
167: <li>Various improvements in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ospf6d.8">ospf6d(8)</a>.
1.45 claudio 168: </ul>
169: <p>
1.64 bentley 170: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pf.4">pf(4)</a> improvements:
1.35 henning 171: <ul>
1.43 deraadt 172: <li>The logging subsystem has been largely rewritten, now logging the
1.44 deraadt 173: translated addresses again instead of the original ones.
1.35 henning 174: <li>match log rules cause a log on the fly, showing the packet exactly
1.64 bentley 175: as <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pf.4">pf(4)</a> sees it at the moment of evaluating that rule. A packet can also
1.35 henning 176: be logged more than once now.
1.44 deraadt 177: <li>match log(matches) rules allow the further rule matching to be traced.
1.64 bentley 178: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pflog.4">pflog(4)</a>
1.25 jsing 179: now includes the original addresses and ports for packets that have been
180: rewritten. This is also displayed by
1.64 bentley 181: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tcpdump.8">tcpdump(8)</a>.
1.3 deraadt 182: </ul>
183: <p>
184:
1.33 jcs 185: <li>IPsec stack audit was performed, resulting in:
1.29 mikeb 186: <ul>
187: <li>Several potential security problems have been identified and fixed.
188: <li>ARC4 based PRNG code was audited and revamped.
189: <li>New explicit_bzero kernel function was introduced to prevent a compiler
190: from optimizing
1.64 bentley 191: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bzero.3">bzero</a>
1.29 mikeb 192: calls away.
193: </ul>
194: <p>
195:
1.3 deraadt 196: <li>SCSI improvements:
197: <ul>
1.6 dlg 198: <li>Improved safety when detaching SCSI devices by waiting for
1.65 deraadt 199: the completion of pending commands.
1.64 bentley 200: <li>Improved hotplug support on <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mpi.4">mpi(4)</a> and
1.65 deraadt 201: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mpii.4">mpii(4)</a>.
1.6 dlg 202: <li>Continued iopoolification of SCSI drivers, notably on
1.64 bentley 203: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/umass.4">umass(4)</a> which improves the
1.65 deraadt 204: reliability and performance of multi-LUN devices.
1.64 bentley 205: <li>Added <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/vscsi.4">vscsi(4)</a>, a driver for
1.33 jcs 206: userland handling of SCSI device commands.
1.64 bentley 207: <li>Added <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/iscsid.8">iscsid(8)</a>, an iSCSI initiator.
1.21 jsing 208: <li>Forcibly restrict devices incapable of tagged I/O to executing one command at a time.
1.64 bentley 209: <li>Discover and honour read-only status of <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sd.4">sd(4)</a> devices.
210: <li>Improve <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/st.4">st(4)</a> handling of I/O residual information.
211: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sd.4">sd(4)</a> devices that can only execute one command at a time (e.g. USB) will now be allowed to spin up if necessary.
212: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/cd.4">cd(4)</a> will now attach CDROM devices identified as non-removable.
1.3 deraadt 213: </ul>
214: <p>
215:
216: <li>Assorted improvements:
217: <ul>
1.64 bentley 218: <li>Enabled wide character support in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ncurses.3">ncurses(3)</a>.
219: <li>Added <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/nsd.8">nsd(8)</a>, an authoritative name server implementation.
1.16 krw 220: <li>Disklabel UID support improved and added to more utilities.
1.64 bentley 221: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rarpd.8">rarpd(8)</a> now accepts a list of interfaces to listen on.
222: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dhclient.8">dhclient(8)</a> now accepts 'egress' as an interface name, meaning whichever interface is marked as being in the 'egress' group.
223: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dhcpd.8">dhcpd(8)</a> no longer listens on interfaces without a broadcast address (e.g. <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pflog.4">pflog(4)</a>).
224: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/who.1">who(1)</a> now displays as much of the hostname as fits on the line.
225: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tcpdump.8">tcpdump(8)</a> now correctly handles 'net' primitives when processing <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pflog.4">pflog(4)</a> traffic.
226: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/fdisk.8">fdisk(8)</a> now respects failure to read the MBR.
227: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/fdisk.8">fdisk(8)</a> will no longer infinitely loop when encountering an improperly constructed EBR.
228: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/disklabel.8">disklabel(8)</a> no longer reuses information from a failed partition addition on the next addition of the same partition.
229: <li>Many unused and obsolete <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/disktab.5">disktab(5)</a> entries removed.
1.60 tb 230: <li>Enabled X11 autoconfiguration on <a href="sparc.html">sparc</a> and <a href="sparc64.html">sparc64</a>.
1.64 bentley 231: <li>Implement attribute syntax from RFC4517 and support bsdauth in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ldapd.8">ldapd(8)</a>.
232: <li>New <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/video.1">video(1)</a> utility which can record or display images from <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/video.4">video(4)</a>.
233: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/httpd.8">httpd(8)</a> mod_headers now handles apache2 style RequestHeader directives.
234: <li>UNIX-domain datagram socket support has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/nc.1">nc(1)</a> (-uU option).
235: <li>Added support for terabyte units in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/disklabel.8">disklabel(8)</a>.
1.60 tb 236: <li><a href="loongson.html">loongson</a> and
237: <a href="sgi.html">sgi</a> platforms have been
1.23 jsing 238: switched over to gcc4.
239: <li><code>ddb cpu</code> support was added to the
1.60 tb 240: <a href="sgi.html">sgi</a> platform.
1.23 jsing 241: <li>Fast path TLB miss handling was added to the
1.60 tb 242: <a href="landisk.html">landisk</a> platform,
1.23 jsing 243: resulting in a 44-50% gain in performance.
244: <li>PCIe extended configuration space can now be viewed using
1.64 bentley 245: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pcidump.8">pcidump(8)</a> (-xxx option).
1.23 jsing 246: <li>The number of spurious IPIs has been decreased on the
1.60 tb 247: <a href="amd64.html">amd64</a> platform,
1.23 jsing 248: resulting in improved performance.
1.25 jsing 249: <li>Numerous improvements and bug fixes to
1.64 bentley 250: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tmux.1">tmux(1)</a>.
1.27 mikeb 251: <li>Considerable robustness and interoperability improvements in the IKEv2
252: daemon
1.64 bentley 253: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/iked.8">iked(8)</a>.
1.28 mikeb 254: <li>Skipjack and libdes were retired from the system.
1.31 deraadt 255: CAST-128 implementation was also removed from libc.
1.34 jakemsr 256: <li>Removed some races in the USB subsystem, substantially increasing
257: reliability.
1.66 deraadt 258: <li>Added a few more
259: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/compat_linux.8">compat_linux(8)</a>
1.41 pirofti 260: system calls to make it possible for newer versions of applications,
261: such as Skype, to execute.
1.39 sthen 262: <li>OpenBSD-specific package documentation is now centralised in
263: /usr/local/share/doc/pkg-readmes.
1.3 deraadt 264: </ul>
265: <p>
266:
267: <li>Install/Upgrade process changes:
268: <ul>
1.8 deraadt 269: <li>Fixed the hppa CD installation process.
270: <li>Added some more free firmwares to the CD media that could fit them.
271: <li>Make the macppc upgrade script update the boot blocks (oddly, this
1.31 deraadt 272: had been broken a very long time and no one noticed).
1.8 deraadt 273: <li>Teach the install script about the configuration of 802.11 interfaces.
274: Visible networks can be listed, and even configured for WPA.
275: <li>The install script now passes collected entropy better to the
1.66 deraadt 276: system which is booted next.
1.15 krw 277: <li>Upgrade now defaults to checking only the root filesystem.
278: <li>Upgrade no longer checks filesystems with a fs_passno of 0.
279: <li>Upgrade now asks if it should proceed even if one or more filesystem mounts fail.
1.64 bentley 280: <li>Installer now configures <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ntpd.8">ntpd(8)</a> to use all provided time source IPs.
1.3 deraadt 281: </ul>
282: <p>
283:
1.64 bentley 284: <li>New <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rc.d.8">rc.d(8)</a>
1.12 ajacouto 285: for starting, stopping and reconfiguring package daemons:
286: <ul>
1.64 bentley 287: <li>The <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rc.subr.8">rc.subr(8)</a>
1.12 ajacouto 288: framework allows for easy creation of rc scripts.
289: This framework is still evolving.
290: <li>Only a handful of packages have migrated for now.
291: <li>rc.local can still be used instead of or in addition to
1.64 bentley 292: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rc.d.8">rc.d(8)</a>.
1.12 ajacouto 293: </ul>
294: <p>
295:
1.4 sobrado 296: <li>OpenSSH 5.8:
1.3 deraadt 297: <ul>
298: <li>New features:
1.4 sobrado 299: <ul>
300: <li>Implement Elliptic Curve Cryptography modes for key exchange (ECDH)
301: and host/user keys (ECDSA) as specified by RFC5656. ECDH and ECDSA
302: offer better performance than plain DH and DSA at the same
1.65 deraadt 303: equivalent symmetric key length, as well as much shorter keys.
1.64 bentley 304: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sftp.1">sftp(1)</a>
1.4 sobrado 305: and
1.64 bentley 306: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sftp-server.8">sftp-server(8)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 307: add a protocol extension to support a hard link operation. It is
308: available through the "ln" command in the client. The old "ln"
309: behaviour of creating a symlink is available using its "-s" option
1.65 deraadt 310: or through the preexisting "symlink" command.
1.64 bentley 311: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/scp.1">scp(1)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 312: Add a new -3 option to scp: Copies between two remote hosts are
313: transferred through the local host. Without this option the data is
1.65 deraadt 314: copied directly between the two remote hosts.
1.64 bentley 315: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 316: automatically order the hostkeys requested by the client based on
317: which hostkeys are already recorded in known_hosts. This avoids
318: hostkey warnings when connecting to servers with new ECDSA keys,
319: since these are now preferred when learning hostkeys for the first
1.65 deraadt 320: time.
1.64 bentley 321: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>
1.4 sobrado 322: and
1.64 bentley 323: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 324: add a new IPQoS option to specify arbitrary TOS/DSCP/QoS values
1.65 deraadt 325: instead of hardcoding lowdelay/throughput. (bz#1733)
1.64 bentley 326: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sftp.1">sftp(1)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 327: the sftp client is now significantly faster at performing directory
328: listings, using OpenBSD glob(3) extensions to preserve the results
329: of stat(3) operations performed in the course of its execution
330: rather than performing expensive round trips to fetch them again
1.65 deraadt 331: afterwards.
1.64 bentley 332: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 333: "atomically" create the listening mux socket by binding it on a
334: temporary name and then linking it into position after listen() has
335: succeeded. This allows the mux clients to determine that the server
336: socket is either ready or stale without races. Stale server sockets
1.65 deraadt 337: are now automatically removed. (also fixes bz#1711)
1.64 bentley 338: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>
1.4 sobrado 339: and
1.64 bentley 340: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 341: add a <em>KexAlgorithms</em> knob to the client and server
342: configuration to allow selection of which key exchange methods are
343: used by
1.64 bentley 344: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>
1.4 sobrado 345: and
1.64 bentley 346: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>
1.65 deraadt 347: and their order of preference.
1.64 bentley 348: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sftp.1">sftp(1)</a>
1.4 sobrado 349: and
1.64 bentley 350: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/scp.1">scp(1)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 351: factor out bandwidth limiting code from
1.64 bentley 352: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/scp.1">scp(1)</a>
1.4 sobrado 353: into a generic bandwidth limiter that can be attached using the
354: <em>atomicio</em> callback mechanism and use it to add a bandwidth
355: limit option to
1.64 bentley 356: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sftp.1">sftp(1)</a>.
1.65 deraadt 357: (bz#1147)
1.3 deraadt 358: </ul>
359: <li>The following significant bugs have been fixed in this release:
360: <ul>
1.64 bentley 361: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>
1.4 sobrado 362: and
1.64 bentley 363: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-agent.1">ssh-agent(1)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 364: honour <em>$TMPDIR</em> for client xauth and ssh-agent temporary
1.65 deraadt 365: directories. (bz#1809)
1.64 bentley 366: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 367: avoid <em>NULL</em> deref on receiving a channel request on an
1.65 deraadt 368: unknown or invalid channel. (bz#1842)
1.64 bentley 369: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 370: remove a <em>debug()</em> that pollutes stderr on client connecting
1.65 deraadt 371: to a server in debug mode. (bz#1719)
1.64 bentley 372: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/scp.1">scp(1)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 373: pass through ssh command-line flags and options when doing
374: remote-remote transfers, e.g. to enable agent forwarding which is
1.65 deraadt 375: particularly useful in this case. (bz#1837)
1.64 bentley 376: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sftp-server.8">sftp-server(8)</a>:
1.65 deraadt 377: <em>umask</em> should be parsed as octal.
1.64 bentley 378: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sftp.1">sftp(1)</a>:
1.65 deraadt 379: escape '[' in filename tab-completion.
1.64 bentley 380: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
1.65 deraadt 381: Typo in confirmation message. (bz#1827)
1.64 bentley 382: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 383: prevent <em>free()</em> of string in <em>.rodata</em> when
1.65 deraadt 384: overriding <em>AuthorizedKeys</em> in a <em>Match</em> block.
1.64 bentley 385: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
1.65 deraadt 386: Use default shell <em>/bin/sh</em> if <em>$SHELL</em> is "".
1.64 bentley 387: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
1.4 sobrado 388: kill proxy command on <em>fatal()</em> (we already killed it on
1.65 deraadt 389: clean exit).
1.64 bentley 390: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
1.5 sobrado 391: install a <em>SIGCHLD</em> handler to reap expired child process.
1.65 deraadt 392: (bz#1812)
393: <li>Support building against openssl-1.0.0a
1.4 sobrado 394: <li>Fix vulnerability in legacy certificate signing introduced in
1.65 deraadt 395: OpenSSH-5.6 and found by Mateusz Kocielski.
1.3 deraadt 396: </ul>
397: </ul>
398: <p>
399:
400: <li>Mandoc 1.10.9:
401: <ul>
1.64 bentley 402: <li>New integrated <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tbl.7">tbl(7)</a> parser and renderer.
403: <li>Support the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/roff.7">roff(7)</a> .de, .rm, and .so requests.
404: <li>Support all roff code used in the standard <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pod2man.1">pod2man(1)</a> preamble.
405: <li>Fully support roff quoting in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/man.7">man(7)</a> documents.
1.3 deraadt 406: <li>Mandoc now copes with most formatting errors that used to be fatal.
407: <li>Much simplified and improved reporting of errors and warnings.
408: <li>Significantly improved -Thtml output quality.
409: <li>The ports tree now allows ports to use either mandoc or groff
410: to render manuals.
411: </ul>
412: <p>
413:
1.14 deraadt 414: <li>Over 6,800 ports, major robustness and speed improvements in package tools.
1.3 deraadt 415: <li>Many pre-built packages for each architecture:
1.64 bentley 416: <ul style="column-count: 4">
1.3 deraadt 417: <li>i386: 6620
418: <li>sparc64: 6225
419: <li>alpha: 6000
1.20 deraadt 420: <li>sh: 3656
1.3 deraadt 421: <li>amd64: 6570
422: <li>powerpc: 6272
423: <li>sparc: 4184
1.20 deraadt 424: <li>arm: 5679
1.8 deraadt 425: <li>hppa: 5838
1.3 deraadt 426: <li>vax: 1068
427: <li>mips64: 5492
428: <li>mips64el: 5499
1.64 bentley 429: </ul>
1.3 deraadt 430: Some highlights:
431: <ul>
432: <li>Gnome 2.32.1.
433: <li>KDE 3.5.10.
434: <li>Xfce 4.8.0.
435: <li>MySQL 5.1.54.
436: <li>PostgreSQL 9.0.3.
437: <li>Postfix 2.7.2.
438: <li>OpenLDAP 2.3.43 and 2.4.23.
439: <li>Mozilla Firefox 3.5.16 and 3.6.13.
440: <li>Mozilla Thunderbird 3.1.7.
441: <li>OpenOffice.org 3.3.0rc9.
1.26 jasper 442: <li>LibreOffice 3.3.0.4.
1.3 deraadt 443: <li>Emacs 21.4 and 22.3.
444: <li>Vim 7.3.3.
445: <li>PHP 5.2.16.
446: <li>Python 2.4.6, 2.5.4 and 2.6.6.
447: <li>Ruby 1.8.7.330 and 1.9.2.136.
448: <li>Mono 2.8.2.
1.26 jasper 449: <li>Chromium 9.0.597.94.
1.3 deraadt 450: </ul>
451: <p>
452:
453: <li>As usual, steady improvements in manual pages and other documentation.
454: <p>
455:
456: <li>The system includes the following major components from outside suppliers:
457: <ul>
1.13 matthieu 458: <li>Xenocara (based on X.Org 7.6 with xserver 1.9 + patches,
459: freetype 2.4.4,
1.19 stsp 460: fontconfig 2.8.0, Mesa 7.8.2, xterm 267 and more)
1.20 deraadt 461: <li>Gcc 2.95.3 (+ patches), 3.3.5 (+ patches) and 4.2.1 (+ patches)
462: <li>Perl 5.12.2 (+ patches)
1.3 deraadt 463: <li>Our improved and secured version of Apache 1.3, with SSL/TLS
1.20 deraadt 464: and DSO support
465: <li>OpenSSL 1.0.0a (+ patches)
466: <li>Sendmail 8.14.3, with libmilter
467: <li>Bind 9.4.2-P2 (+ patches)
468: <li>Lynx 2.8.6rel.5 with HTTPS and IPv6 support (+ patches)
469: <li>Sudo 1.7.2p8
470: <li>Ncurses 5.7
471: <li>Heimdal 0.7.2 (+ patches)
472: <li>Arla 0.35.7
473: <li>Binutils 2.15 (+ patches)
474: <li>Gdb 6.3 (+ patches)
1.3 deraadt 475: </ul>
1.1 deraadt 476: </ul>
1.64 bentley 477: </section>
1.1 deraadt 478:
479: <hr>
1.64 bentley 480:
481: <section id=install>
482: <h3>How to install</h3>
1.1 deraadt 483: <p>
484: Following this are the instructions which you would have on a piece of
485: paper if you had purchased a CDROM set instead of doing an alternate
486: form of install. The instructions for doing an FTP (or other style
487: of) install are very similar; the CDROM instructions are left intact
488: so that you can see how much easier it would have been if you had
489: purchased a CDROM instead.
490: <p>
491:
492: <hr>
493: Please refer to the following files on the three CDROMs or FTP mirror for
494: extensive details on how to install OpenBSD 4.9 on your machine:
495: <p>
496: <ul>
1.67 deraadt 497: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/i386/INSTALL.i386">
498: .../OpenBSD/4.9/i386/INSTALL.i386 (on CD1)</a>
1.1 deraadt 499: <p>
1.67 deraadt 500: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/amd64/INSTALL.amd64">
501: .../OpenBSD/4.9/amd64/INSTALL.amd64 (on CD2)</a>
502: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/macppc/INSTALL.macppc">
503: .../OpenBSD/4.9/macppc/INSTALL.macppc (on CD2)</a>
504: <p>
505: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/sparc64/INSTALL.sparc64">
506: .../OpenBSD/4.9/sparc64/INSTALL.sparc64 (on CD3)</a>
507: <p>
508: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/alpha/INSTALL.alpha">
509: .../OpenBSD/4.9/alpha/INSTALL.alpha</a>
510: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/armish/INSTALL.armish">
511: .../OpenBSD/4.9/armish/INSTALL.armish</a>
512: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/hp300/INSTALL.hp300">
513: .../OpenBSD/4.9/hp300/INSTALL.hp300</a>
514: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/hppa/INSTALL.hppa">
515: .../OpenBSD/4.9/hppa/INSTALL.hppa</a>
516: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/landisk/INSTALL.landisk">
517: .../OpenBSD/4.9/landisk/INSTALL.landisk</a>
518: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/loongson/INSTALL.loongson">
519: .../OpenBSD/4.9/loongson/INSTALL.loongson</a>
520: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/mvme68k/INSTALL.mvme68k">
521: .../OpenBSD/4.9/mvme68k/INSTALL.mvme68k</a>
522: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/mvme88k/INSTALL.mvme88k">
523: .../OpenBSD/4.9/mvme88k/INSTALL.mvme88k</a>
524: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/sgi/INSTALL.sgi">
525: .../OpenBSD/4.9/sgi/INSTALL.sgi</a>
526: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/socppc/INSTALL.socppc">
527: .../OpenBSD/4.9/socppc/INSTALL.socppc</a>
528: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/sparc/INSTALL.sparc">
529: .../OpenBSD/4.9/sparc/INSTALL.sparc</a>
530: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/vax/INSTALL.vax">
531: .../OpenBSD/4.9/vax/INSTALL.vax</a>
532: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.9/zaurus/INSTALL.zaurus">
533: .../OpenBSD/4.9/zaurus/INSTALL.zaurus</a>
1.1 deraadt 534: </ul>
1.67 deraadt 535: </section>
536:
1.1 deraadt 537: <hr>
538:
1.64 bentley 539: <section id=quickinstall>
1.1 deraadt 540: <p>
541: Quick installer information for people familiar with OpenBSD, and the
542: use of the "disklabel -E" command. If you are at all confused when
543: installing OpenBSD, read the relevant INSTALL.* file as listed above!
1.64 bentley 544:
545: <h3>OpenBSD/i386:</h3>
546:
1.1 deraadt 547: <p>
548: Play with your BIOS options to enable booting from a CD. The OpenBSD/i386
549: release is on CD1. If your BIOS does not support booting from CD, you will need
550: to create a boot floppy to install from. To create a boot floppy write
551: <i>CD1:4.9/i386/floppy49.fs</i> to a floppy and boot via the floppy drive.
552:
553: <p>
554: Use <i>CD1:4.9/i386/floppyB49.fs</i> instead for greater SCSI controller
555: support, or <i>CD1:4.9/i386/floppyC49.fs</i> for better laptop support.
556:
557: <p>
558: If you can't boot from a CD or a floppy disk,
559: you can install across the network using PXE as described in
560: the included INSTALL.i386 document.
561:
562: <p>
563: If you are planning on dual booting OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to
564: read INSTALL.i386.
565:
566: <p>
567: To make a boot floppy under MS-DOS, use the "rawrite" utility located
568: at <i>CD1:4.9/tools/rawrite.exe</i>. To make the boot floppy under a Unix OS,
569: use the
1.64 bentley 570: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dd.1">dd(1)</a>
1.1 deraadt 571: utility. The following is an example usage of
1.64 bentley 572: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dd.1">dd(1)</a>,
1.1 deraadt 573: where the device could be "floppy", "rfd0c", or
574: "rfd0a".
575:
1.64 bentley 576: <blockquote><pre>
1.67 deraadt 577: # <kbd>dd if=<file> of=/dev/<device> bs=32k</kbd>
1.64 bentley 578: </pre></blockquote>
1.1 deraadt 579:
580: <p>
581: Make sure you use properly formatted perfect floppies with NO BAD BLOCKS or
582: your install will most likely fail. For more information on creating a boot
583: floppy and installing OpenBSD/i386 please refer to
1.59 tj 584: <a href="faq/faq4.html#MkFlop">this page</a>.
1.64 bentley 585:
586: <h3>OpenBSD/amd64:</h3>
1.1 deraadt 587:
588: <p>
589: The 4.9 release of OpenBSD/amd64 is located on CD2.
590: Boot from the CD to begin the install - you may need to adjust
591: your BIOS options first.
592: If you can't boot from the CD, you can create a boot floppy to install from.
593: To do this, write <i>CD2:4.9/amd64/floppy49.fs</i> to a floppy, then
594: boot from the floppy drive.
595:
596: <p>
597: If you can't boot from a CD or a floppy disk,
598: you can install across the network using PXE as described in the included
599: INSTALL.amd64 document.
600:
601: <p>
602: If you are planning to dual boot OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to
603: read INSTALL.amd64.
1.64 bentley 604:
605: <h3>OpenBSD/macppc:</h3>
1.1 deraadt 606:
607: <p>
608: Put CD2 in your CDROM drive and poweron your machine while holding down the
609: <i>C</i> key until the display turns on and shows <i>OpenBSD/macppc boot</i>.
610:
611: <p>
612: Alternatively, at the Open Firmware prompt, enter <i>boot cd:,ofwboot
613: /4.9/macppc/bsd.rd</i>
1.64 bentley 614:
615: <h3>OpenBSD/sparc64:</h3>
1.1 deraadt 616:
617: <p>
618: Put CD3 in your CDROM drive and type <i>boot cdrom</i>.
619:
620: <p>
621: If this doesn't work, or if you don't have a CDROM drive, you can write
622: <i>CD3:4.9/sparc64/floppy49.fs</i> or <i>CD3:4.9/sparc64/floppyB49.fs</i>
623: (depending on your machine) to a floppy and boot it with <i>boot
624: floppy</i>. Refer to INSTALL.sparc64 for details.
625:
626: <p>
627: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
628: will most likely fail.
629:
630: <p>
631: You can also write <i>CD3:4.9/sparc64/miniroot49.fs</i> to the swap partition on
632: the disk and boot with <i>boot disk:b</i>.
633:
634: <p>
635: If nothing works, you can boot over the network as described in INSTALL.sparc64.
1.64 bentley 636:
637: <h3>OpenBSD/alpha:</h3>
1.1 deraadt 638:
639: <p>
1.67 deraadt 640: Write <i>4.9/alpha/floppy49.fs</i> or
641: <i>4.9/alpha/floppyB49.fs</i> (depending on your machine) to a diskette and
1.1 deraadt 642: enter <i>boot dva0</i>. Refer to INSTALL.alpha for more details.
643:
644: <p>
645: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
646: will most likely fail.
647:
1.64 bentley 648: <h3>OpenBSD/armish:</h3>
1.1 deraadt 649:
650: <p>
651: After connecting a serial port, Thecus can boot directly from the network
652: either tftp or http. Configure the network using fconfig, reset,
653: then load bsd.rd, see INSTALL.armish for specific details.
654: IOData HDL-G can only boot from an EXT-2 partition. Boot into linux
655: and copy 'boot' and bsd.rd into the first partition on wd0 (hda1)
656: then load and run bsd.rd, preserving the wd0i (hda1) ext2fs partition.
657: More details are available in INSTALL.armish.
658:
1.64 bentley 659: <h3>OpenBSD/hp300:</h3>
660:
1.1 deraadt 661: <p>
662: Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hp300.
663:
1.64 bentley 664: <h3>OpenBSD/hppa:</h3>
665:
1.1 deraadt 666: <p>
667: Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hppa or the
668: <a href="hppa.html#install">hppa platform page</a>.
1.64 bentley 669:
670: <h3>OpenBSD/landisk:</h3>
1.1 deraadt 671:
672: <p>
673: Write <i>miniroot49.fs</i> to the start of the CF
674: or disk, and boot normally.
675:
1.64 bentley 676: <h3>OpenBSD/loongson:</h3>
677:
1.1 deraadt 678: <p>
679: Write <i>miniroot49.fs</i> to a USB stick and boot bsd.rd from it
680: or boot bsd.rd via tftp.
681: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.loongson for more details.
682:
1.64 bentley 683: <h3>OpenBSD/mvme68k:</h3>
684:
1.1 deraadt 685: <p>
686: You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>
687: The network boot requires a MVME68K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>
688: and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme68k
689: for more details.
690:
1.64 bentley 691: <h3>OpenBSD/mvme88k:</h3>
692:
1.1 deraadt 693: <p>
694: You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>
695: The network boot requires a MVME88K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>
696: and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme88k
697: for more details.
1.64 bentley 698:
699: <h3>OpenBSD/sgi:</h3>
1.1 deraadt 700:
701: <p>
702: To install on an O2, burn cd49.iso on a CD-R, put it in the CD drive of your
703: machine and select <i>Install System Software</i> from the System Maintenance
704: menu.
705:
706: <p>
707: On other systems, or if your machine doesn't have a CD drive, you can
708: setup a DHCP/tftp network server, and boot using "bootp()/bsd.rd.IP##" using
709: the kernel matching your system type.
710: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.sgi for more details.
711:
1.64 bentley 712: <h3>OpenBSD/socppc:</h3>
713:
1.1 deraadt 714: <p>
715: After connecting a serial port, boot over the network via DHCP/tftp.
716: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.socppc for more details.
1.64 bentley 717:
718: <h3>OpenBSD/sparc:</h3>
1.1 deraadt 719:
720: <p>
721: Boot from one of the provided install ISO images, using one of the two
722: commands listed below, depending on the version of your ROM.
723:
1.64 bentley 724: <blockquote><pre>
725: ok <kbd>boot cdrom 4.9/sparc/bsd.rd</kbd>
1.1 deraadt 726: or
1.64 bentley 727: > <kbd>b sd(0,6,0)4.9/sparc/bsd.rd</kbd>
728: </pre></blockquote>
1.1 deraadt 729:
730: <p>
731: If your SPARC system does not have a CD drive, you can alternatively boot from floppy.
732: To do so you need to write <i>floppy49.fs</i> to a floppy.
1.59 tj 733: For more information see <a href="faq/faq4.html#MkFlop">this page</a>.
1.1 deraadt 734: To boot from the floppy use one of the two commands listed below,
735: depending on the version of your ROM.
736:
1.64 bentley 737: <blockquote><pre>
738: ok <kbd>boot floppy</kbd>
1.1 deraadt 739: or
1.64 bentley 740: > <kbd>b fd()</kbd>
741: </pre></blockquote>
1.1 deraadt 742:
743: <p>
744: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
745: will most likely fail.
746:
747: <p>
748: If your SPARC system doesn't have a floppy drive nor a CD drive, you can either
749: setup a bootable tape, or install via network, as told in the
750: INSTALL.sparc file.
1.64 bentley 751:
752: <h3>OpenBSD/vax:</h3>
1.1 deraadt 753:
754: <p>
755: Boot over the network via mopbooting as described in INSTALL.vax.
756:
1.64 bentley 757: <h3>OpenBSD/zaurus:</h3>
758:
1.1 deraadt 759: <p>
760: Using the Linux built-in graphical ipkg installer, install the
761: openbsd49_arm.ipk package. Reboot, then run it. Read INSTALL.zaurus
762: for a few important details.
1.67 deraadt 763: </section>
1.64 bentley 764:
1.67 deraadt 765: <hr>
1.64 bentley 766:
767: <section id=sourcecode>
1.67 deraadt 768: <h3>Notes about the source code</h3>
1.1 deraadt 769: <p>
1.69 ! deraadt 770: <code>src.tar.gz</code> contains a source archive starting at <code>/usr/src</code>.
! 771: This file contains everything you need except for the kernel sources, which are
1.1 deraadt 772: in a separate archive. To extract:
1.64 bentley 773:
774: <blockquote><pre>
775: # <kbd>mkdir -p /usr/src</kbd>
776: # <kbd>cd /usr/src</kbd>
777: # <kbd>tar xvfz /tmp/src.tar.gz</kbd>
778: </pre></blockquote>
779:
1.1 deraadt 780: <p>
1.69 ! deraadt 781: <code>sys.tar.gz</code> contains a source archive starting at <code>/usr/src/sys</code>.
1.1 deraadt 782: This file contains all the kernel sources you need to rebuild kernels.
783: To extract:
1.64 bentley 784:
785: <blockquote><pre>
786: # <kbd>mkdir -p /usr/src/sys</kbd>
787: # <kbd>cd /usr/src</kbd>
1.67 deraadt 788: # <kbd>tar xvfz /tmp/sys.tar.gz</kbd>
1.64 bentley 789: </pre></blockquote>
790:
1.1 deraadt 791: <p>
792: Both of these trees are a regular CVS checkout. Using these trees it
793: is possible to get a head-start on using the anoncvs servers as
794: described <a href="anoncvs.html">here</a>.
795: Using these files
796: results in a much faster initial CVS update than you could expect from
797: a fresh checkout of the full OpenBSD source tree.
1.64 bentley 798: </section>
799:
1.1 deraadt 800: <hr>
1.64 bentley 801:
802: <section id=upgrade>
803: <h3>How to upgrade</h3>
1.1 deraadt 804: <p>
1.2 deraadt 805: If you already have an OpenBSD 4.8 system, and do not want to reinstall,
1.1 deraadt 806: upgrade instructions and advice can be found in the
807: <a href="faq/upgrade49.html">Upgrade Guide</a>.
1.64 bentley 808: </section>
1.1 deraadt 809:
810: <hr>
1.64 bentley 811:
812: <section id=ports>
813: <h3>Ports Tree</h3>
1.1 deraadt 814: <p>
815: A ports tree archive is also provided. To extract:
1.64 bentley 816: <blockquote><pre>
817: # <kbd>cd /usr</kbd>
818: # <kbd>tar xvfz /tmp/ports.tar.gz</kbd>
819: # <kbd>cd ports</kbd>
820: </pre></blockquote>
1.1 deraadt 821: <p>
822: The <i>ports/</i> subdirectory is a checkout of the OpenBSD ports tree. Go
823: read the <a href="faq/ports/index.html">ports</a> page
824: if you know nothing about ports
825: at this point. This text is not a manual of how to use ports.
826: Rather, it is a set of notes meant to kickstart the user on the
827: OpenBSD ports system.
828: <p>
829: The <i>ports/</i> directory represents a CVS (see the manpage for
1.68 bentley 830: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/cvs.1">cvs(1)</a> if
1.1 deraadt 831: you aren't familiar with CVS) checkout of our ports. As with our complete
832: source tree, our ports tree is available via anoncvs. So, in
833: order to keep current with it, you must make the <i>ports/</i> tree
834: available on a read-write medium and update the tree with a command
835: like:
1.64 bentley 836: <blockquote><pre>
1.67 deraadt 837: # <kbd>cd [portsdir]/; cvs -d anoncvs@server.openbsd.org:/cvs update -Pd -rOPENBSD_4_9</kbd>
1.64 bentley 838: </pre></blockquote>
1.1 deraadt 839: <p>
840: [Of course, you must replace the local directory and server name here
841: with the location of your ports collection and a nearby anoncvs
842: server.]
843: <p>
1.67 deraadt 844: Note that most ports are available as packages on our mirrors. Updated
1.1 deraadt 845: packages for the 4.9 release will be made available if problems arise.
846: <p>
847: If you're interested in seeing a port added, would like to help out, or just
1.67 deraadt 848: would like to know more, the mailing list
849: <a href="mail.html">ports@openbsd.org</a> is a good place to know.
1.64 bentley 850: </section>
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