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<title>OpenBSD 5.1</title>

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5.1

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Released May 1, 2012<br>

<br>

5.1 Song: <a href="lyrics.html#51">"Bug Busters"</a>

<br>

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<ul>

<li>See the information on <a href="ftp.html">The FTP page</a> for

a list of mirror machines.

<li>Go to the <font color="#e00000">pub/OpenBSD/5.1/</font> directory on

<li>Go to the <code class=reldir>pub/OpenBSD/5.1/</code> directory on

one of the mirror sites.

<li>Have a look at <a href="errata51.html">The 5.1 Errata page</a> for a list

of bugs and workarounds.

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All applicable copyrights and credits are in the src.tar.gz,

sys.tar.gz, xenocara.tar.gz, ports.tar.gz files, or in the

files fetched via ports.tar.gz.

</table>

<hr>

<p>

<p>

This is a partial list of new features and systems included in OpenBSD 5.1.

For a comprehensive list, see the <a href="plus51.html">changelog</a> leading

to 5.1.

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<ul>

<li>Improved hardware support, including:

<ul>

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=umsm&sektion=4">umsm(4)</a> supports additional mobile broadband devices.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/umsm.4">umsm(4)</a> supports additional mobile broadband devices.

<li>Non-GigE <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ale&sektion=4">ale(4)</a> devices can now establish link to a GigE link partner.

<li>Non-GigE <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ale.4">ale(4)</a> devices can now establish link to a GigE link partner.

<li>Support for Intel 82580 has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=em&sektion=4">em(4)</a>.

<li>Support for Intel 82580 has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/em.4">em(4)</a>.

<li>Support for MegaRAID 9240 has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=mfi&sektion=4">mfi(4)</a>.

<li>Support for MegaRAID 9240 has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mfi.4">mfi(4)</a>.

<li>Support for Nuvoton NCT6776F has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=lm&sektion=4">lm(4)</a>.

<li>Support for Nuvoton NCT6776F has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/lm.4">lm(4)</a>.

<li>Support for Centrino Advanced-N 6205 has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=iwn&sektion=4">iwn(4)</a>.

<li>Support for Centrino Advanced-N 6205 has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/iwn.4">iwn(4)</a>.

<li>Support for SiS 1182/1183 SATA has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pciide&sektion=4">pciide(4)</a>.

<li>Support for SiS 1182/1183 SATA has been added to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pciide.4">pciide(4)</a>.

<li>Support for Synaptics touch pads through the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=synaptics&sektion=4">synaptics(4)</a> X.Org input driver is now enabled by default.

<li>Support for Synaptics touch pads through the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/synaptics.4">synaptics(4)</a> X.Org input driver is now enabled by default.

<li>Support for Intel Sandy Bridge integrated graphics cards has been added to the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=intel&sektion=4">intel(4)</a> X.Org driver.

<li>Support for Intel Sandy Bridge integrated graphics cards has been added to the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/intel.4">intel(4)</a> X.Org driver.

<li>Assembler implementation of the AES-GCM mode for new Intel and future AMD CPUs has been added.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=usb&manpath=OpenBSD%20Current&sektion=4&format=html">usb(4)</a> probes bus after resume, improves functionality for some laptops.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/usb.4">usb(4)</a> probes bus after resume, improves functionality for some laptops.

</ul>

<p>

<li>Generic network stack improvements:

<ul>

<li>RFC4638 MTU negotiation for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pppoe&sektion=4">pppoe(4)</a>.

<li>RFC4638 MTU negotiation for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pppoe.4">pppoe(4)</a>.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=npppdctl&manpath=OpenBSD%20Current&sektion=8&format=html">npppdctl(8)</a> replaced with <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=npppctl&manpath=OpenBSD%20Current&sektion=8&format=html">npppctl(8)</a>, written from scratch. Includes support for IPv6 as tunnel source address.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/npppdctl.8">npppdctl(8)</a> replaced with <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/npppctl.8">npppctl(8)</a>, written from scratch. Includes support for IPv6 as tunnel source address.

<li>Improve performance (throughput and loss rate) for PPTP, <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pppd&manpath=OpenBSD%20Current&sektion=8&format=html">pppd(8)</a> or L2TP(/IPsec) on unstable latency networks (eg mobile).

<li>Improve performance (throughput and loss rate) for PPTP, <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pppd.8">pppd(8)</a> or L2TP(/IPsec) on unstable latency networks (eg mobile).

<li>Improved IPv6 fragment handling.

<li>Many robustness improvements for IEEE 802.11 (particularly hostap).

<li>Improved vlan priority support, including mapping to interface queues.

<li>Initial rdomains support for IPv6.

<li>Robustness improvements for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=carp&sektion=4">carp(4)</a>.

<li>Robustness improvements for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/carp.4">carp(4)</a>.

<li>Various IPv6 and rdomain related improvements for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=carp&sektion=4">carp(4)</a>.

<li>Various IPv6 and rdomain related improvements for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/carp.4">carp(4)</a>.

</ul>

<p>

<li>Routing daemons and other userland network improvements:

<ul>

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=fstat&sektion=8">fstat(8)</a> now displays routing table ID and socket-splicing information and ps can display routing table ID.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/fstat.8">fstat(8)</a> now displays routing table ID and socket-splicing information and ps can display routing table ID.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=traceroute&sektion=8">traceroute(8)</a> and <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=traceroute6&sektion=8">traceroute6(8)</a> can look up ASNs for each hop.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/traceroute.8">traceroute(8)</a> and <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/traceroute6.8">traceroute6(8)</a> can look up ASNs for each hop.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=snmpd&sektion=8">snmpd(8)</a> adds a MIB to show statistics for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=carp&sektion=4">carp(4)</a> interfaces.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/snmpd.8">snmpd(8)</a> adds a MIB to show statistics for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/carp.4">carp(4)</a> interfaces.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=bgpctl&sektion=8">bgpctl(8)</a> parses and display MRT routing table dumps.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bgpctl.8">bgpctl(8)</a> parses and display MRT routing table dumps.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ntpd&sektion=8">ntpd(8)</a> supports multiple rdomains.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ntpd.8">ntpd(8)</a> supports multiple rdomains.

<li>When <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ospfd&sektion=8">ospfd(8)</a> detects route socket overflow, it now delays before it reloads the fib.

<li>When <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ospfd.8">ospfd(8)</a> detects route socket overflow, it now delays before it reloads the fib.

<li>Improved and more consistent ToS support in various network tools

(<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=tcpbench&sektion=8">tcpbench(8)</a>, <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=nc&sektion=8">nc(8)</a>, <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pingt&sektion=8">ping(8)</a>, <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=traceroute&sektion=8">traceroute(8)</a>).

(<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tcpbench.8">tcpbench(8)</a>, <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/nc.8">nc(8)</a>, <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pingt.8">ping(8)</a>, <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/traceroute.8">traceroute(8)</a>).

<li>Initial import of <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=login_yubikey&manpath=OpenBSD%20Current&sektion=8&format=html">login_yubikey(8)</a> for logging in using yubikeys.

<li>Initial import of <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/login_yubikey.8">login_yubikey(8)</a> for logging in using yubikeys.

</ul>

<p>

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pf&sektion=4">pf(4)</a> improvements:

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pf.4">pf(4)</a> improvements:

<ul>

<li>One-shot rule support for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pf&sektion=4">pf(4)</a>, for use with proxies via anchors.

<li>One-shot rule support for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pf.4">pf(4)</a>, for use with proxies via anchors.

<li>NAT64 support in PF using the <b>af-to</b> keyword.

<li>Much improved IPv6 fragment handling.

<li>Various enhancements with ICMP and especially ICMPv6 states

<li>Improved IPv6 Neighbor Discovery and Multicast Listener Discovery handling.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pfctl&sektion=8">pfctl(8)</a> now prints port numbers instead of service names by default.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pfctl.8">pfctl(8)</a> now prints port numbers instead of service names by default.

<li>Netflow v9 and ipfix support for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pflow&sektion=4">pflow(4)</a>.

<li>Netflow v9 and ipfix support for <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pflow.4">pflow(4)</a>.

<li>Many <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pfsync&sektion=4">pfsync(4)</a> fixes and improvements including jumbo frames and automatically requesting a bulk update after a physical interface comes online.

<li>Many <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pfsync.4">pfsync(4)</a> fixes and improvements including jumbo frames and automatically requesting a bulk update after a physical interface comes online.

</ul>

<p>

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<ul>

<li>Improved locale support.

<li>Support for MSG_NOSIGNAL.

<li>KERN_PROC_CWD <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=sysctl&sektion=3">sysctl(3)</a> for fetching the path to a process's working directory.

<li>KERN_PROC_CWD <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sysctl.3">sysctl(3)</a> for fetching the path to a process's working directory.

<li>Improved <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=fnmatch&sektion=3">fnmatch(3)</a>, <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=glob&sektion=3">glob(3)</a>, and <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=regcomp&sektion=3">regcomp(3)</a> implementations to resist

<li>Improved <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/fnmatch.3">fnmatch(3)</a>, <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/glob.3">glob(3)</a>, and <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/regcomp.3">regcomp(3)</a> implementations to resist

DoS attacks.

<li>Lots of HISTORY and AUTHORS information added to manpages.

<li>Improved checking of file-offset wraparound.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pwrite&sektion=2">pwrite(2)</a>/<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=pwritev&sektion=2">pwritev(2)</a> now correctly by ignored O_APPEND.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pwrite.2">pwrite(2)</a>/<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pwritev.2">pwritev(2)</a> now correctly by ignored O_APPEND.

<li>Improved conformance of header files with standards.

<li>Improved cancelation support in both user-threads (libpthread) and rthreads.

<li>Improved correctness of execing, coredumping, signal delivery,

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<li>Architecture-independent kernel support for thread-control-block

handling for rthreads.

<li>Small improvements to Linux compat (only available on i386).

<li>Multiple bugs have been fixed in the Intel 10Gb driver <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ix&sektion=4">ix(4)</a>.

<li>Multiple bugs have been fixed in the Intel 10Gb driver <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ix.4">ix(4)</a>.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=softraid&sektion=4">softraid(4)</a> now supports a concatenating discipline.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/softraid.4">softraid(4)</a> now supports a concatenating discipline.

<li>On amd64, i386, and sparc64, the root filesystem can reside in a <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=softraid&sektion=4">softraid(4)</a> volume. The kernel needs to be booted from a non-softraid partition.

<li>On amd64, i386, and sparc64, the root filesystem can reside in a <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/softraid.4">softraid(4)</a> volume. The kernel needs to be booted from a non-softraid partition.

<li>On amd64, the system can be booted from a <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=softraid&sektion=4">softraid(4)</a> RAID1 volume.

<li>On amd64, the system can be booted from a <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/softraid.4">softraid(4)</a> RAID1 volume.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=aucat&manpath=OpenBSD%20Current&sektion=1&format=html">aucat(1)</a> adds a "device number" component in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=sndio&manpath=OpenBSD%20Current&sektion=7&format=html">sndio(7)</a> device names, allowing a single aucat instance to handle all audio and MIDI services.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/aucat.1">aucat(1)</a> adds a "device number" component in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sndio.7">sndio(7)</a> device names, allowing a single aucat instance to handle all audio and MIDI services.

<li>Built-in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=sndiod&sektion=8">sndiod(8)</a> sound daemon now uses default rate 48kHz and the default block size 10ms. These settings ensure video players and programs using MTC are smooth by default.

<li>Built-in <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sndiod.8">sndiod(8)</a> sound daemon now uses default rate 48kHz and the default block size 10ms. These settings ensure video players and programs using MTC are smooth by default.

<li>Many updates to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=smtpd&manpath=OpenBSD%20Current&sektion=8&format=html">smtpd(8)</a>: a new scheduler_backend API introduced, more MIME 1.0 support added, new filter callbacks for network events, improved DNS error reporting and envelope handling, and the purge/ directory is now cleared via a privilege-separated child.

<li>Many updates to <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/smtpd.8">smtpd(8)</a>: a new scheduler_backend API introduced, more MIME 1.0 support added, new filter callbacks for network events, improved DNS error reporting and envelope handling, and the purge/ directory is now cleared via a privilege-separated child.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=tmux&manpath=OpenBSD%20Current&sektion=1&format=html">tmux(1)</a> is extended to support a larger history, minimizes redundant log messages and does some code reordering for more local and less global variables. Support is added for the ESC[s and ESC[u save/restore cursor-position key sequences. $HOME (or ~) may now be used as default-path in tmux.conf.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tmux.1">tmux(1)</a> is extended to support a larger history, minimizes redundant log messages and does some code reordering for more local and less global variables. Support is added for the ESC[s and ESC[u save/restore cursor-position key sequences. $HOME (or ~) may now be used as default-path in tmux.conf.

<li>Enhanced <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=cwm&manpath=OpenBSD%20Current&sektion=1&format=html">cwm(1)</a> event support, added {r,}cycleingroup to cycle through clients belonging to the same group as the active client, simplified color initialization.

<li>Enhanced <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/cwm.1">cwm(1)</a> event support, added {r,}cycleingroup to cycle through clients belonging to the same group as the active client, simplified color initialization.

<li>The <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=mg&manpath=OpenBSD%20Current&sektion=1&format=html">mg(1)</a> emacs-like editor: now uses absolute filenames while pushing and popping off the stack. In dired mode: corrected cursor movements and added missing keybindings.

<li>The <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mg.1">mg(1)</a> emacs-like editor: now uses absolute filenames while pushing and popping off the stack. In dired mode: corrected cursor movements and added missing keybindings.

</ul>

<p>

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<ul>

<li>New features:

<ul>

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ssh-keygen&sektion=1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>:

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-keygen.1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>:

add optional checkpoints for moduli screening.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ssh-add&sektion=1">ssh-add(1)</a>:

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-add.1">ssh-add(1)</a>:

new -k option to load plain keys (skipping certificates).

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:

add wildcard support to PermitOpen, allowing things like

"PermitOpen localhost:*". (bz#1857)

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:

support for cancelling local and remote port forwards via the multiplex

socket. Use "ssh -O cancel -L xx:xx:xx -R yy:yy:yy user@host" to request

the cancellation of the specified forwardings.

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</ul>

<li>The following significant bugs have been fixed in this release:

<ul>

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:

ensure that $DISPLAY contains only valid characters before using it to

extract xauth data so that it can't be used to play local shell

metacharacter games.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:

unbreak remote port forwarding with dynamic allocated listen ports.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=scp&sektion=1">scp(1)</a>:

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/scp.1">scp(1)</a>:

suppress adding '--' to remote commandlines when the first argument does

not start with '-'. Saves breakage on some difficult-to-upgrade

embedded/router platforms.

and

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:

fix typo in IPQoS parsing: there is no "AF14" class, but there is an

"AF21" class.

and

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:

do not permit SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST/ACCEPT during rekeying.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=ssh&sektion=1">ssh(1)</a>:

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:

skip attempting to create ~/.ssh when -F is passed.

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:

unbreak stdio forwarding when ControlPersist is in use. (bz#1943)

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=sshd&sektion=8">sshd(8)</a>:

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:

send tty break to pty master instead of (probably already closed) slave

side. (bz#1859)

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=sftp&sektion=1">sftp(1)</a>:

<li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sftp.1">sftp(1)</a>:

silence error spam for "ls */foo" in directory with files.

(bz#1683)

<li>Fixed a number of memory and file descriptor leaks.

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</ul>

<p>

<li>Many pre-built packages for each architecture:

<tr>

<ul>

<li>i386: 7229

<li>sparc64: 6599

<li>alpha: 5943

</ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>

<li>sh: 2459

<li>amd64: 7181

<li>powerpc: 6852

</ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>

<li>sparc: 4152

<li>arm: 5536

<li>hppa: 6159

</ul></td><td valign=top width="25%"><ul>

<li>vax: 2199

<li>mips64: 5785

<li>mips64el: 5807

</ul></td></tr></table>

</ul>

<p>

<li>Some highlights:

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<li>As usual, steady improvements in manual pages and other documentation.

<li>Base system and Xenocara manuals are now installed as source code,

making <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=grep&sektion=1">grep(1)</a> more useful in /usr/share/man/ and /usr/X11R6/man/.

making <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/grep.1">grep(1)</a> more useful in /usr/share/man/ and /usr/X11R6/man/.

<li>If both formatted and source versions of manuals are installed,

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=man&sektion=1">man(1)</a> automatically displays the newer version of each page.

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/man.1">man(1)</a> automatically displays the newer version of each page.

<p>

<li> The system includes the following major components from outside suppliers:

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<li>Less 444 (+ patches)

<li>Awk Aug 10, 2011 version

</ul>

</section>

<hr>

<h3>How to install</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#0000e0">How to install</font></h3>

<p>

Following this are the instructions which you would have on a piece of

paper if you had purchased a CDROM set instead of doing an alternate

form of install. The instructions for doing an FTP (or other style

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</ul>

<hr>

<p>

Quick installer information for people familiar with OpenBSD, and the

use of the "disklabel -E" command. If you are at all confused when

installing OpenBSD, read the relevant INSTALL.* file as listed above!

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/i386:</font></h3>

<h3>OpenBSD/i386:</h3>

<ul>

<p>

Play with your BIOS options to enable booting from a CD. The OpenBSD/i386

release is on CD1. If your BIOS does not support booting from CD, you will need

to create a boot floppy to install from. To create a boot floppy write

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To make a boot floppy under MS-DOS, use the "rawrite" utility located

at <i>CD1:5.1/tools/rawrite.exe</i>. To make the boot floppy under a Unix OS,

use the

utility. The following is an example usage of

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/?query=dd&sektion=1">dd(1)</a>,

<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dd.1">dd(1)</a>,

where the device could be "floppy", "rfd0c", or

"rfd0a".

# <strong>dd if=<file> of=/dev/<device> bs=32k</strong>

</pre></ul>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

Make sure you use properly formatted perfect floppies with NO BAD BLOCKS or

your install will most likely fail. For more information on creating a boot

floppy and installing OpenBSD/i386 please refer to

<a href="faq/faq4.html#MkFlop">this page</a>.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/amd64:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/amd64:</font></h3>

<ul>

The 5.1 release of OpenBSD/amd64 is located on CD2.

Boot from the CD to begin the install - you may need to adjust

your BIOS options first.

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<p>

If you are planning to dual boot OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to

read INSTALL.amd64.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/macppc:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/macppc:</font></h3>

<ul>

Put CD2 in your CDROM drive and poweron your machine while holding down the

<i>C</i> key until the display turns on and shows <i>OpenBSD/macppc boot</i>.

<p>

Alternatively, at the Open Firmware prompt, enter <i>boot cd:,ofwboot

/5.1/macppc/bsd.rd</i>

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/sparc64:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sparc64:</font></h3>

<ul>

Put CD3 in your CDROM drive and type <i>boot cdrom</i>.

<p>

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<p>

If nothing works, you can boot over the network as described in INSTALL.sparc64.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/alpha:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/alpha:</font></h3>

Write <i>FTP:5.1/alpha/floppy51.fs</i> or

<ul>

<p>Write <i>FTP:5.1/alpha/floppy51.fs</i> or

<i>FTP:5.1/alpha/floppyB51.fs</i> (depending on your machine) to a diskette and

enter <i>boot dva0</i>. Refer to INSTALL.alpha for more details.

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Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install

will most likely fail.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/armish:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/armish:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

After connecting a serial port, Thecus can boot directly from the network

either tftp or http. Configure the network using fconfig, reset,

then load bsd.rd, see INSTALL.armish for specific details.

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and copy 'boot' and bsd.rd into the first partition on wd0 (hda1)

then load and run bsd.rd, preserving the wd0i (hda1) ext2fs partition.

More details are available in INSTALL.armish.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/hp300:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/hp300:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hp300.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/hppa:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/hppa:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hppa or the

<a href="hppa.html#install">hppa platform page</a>.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/landisk:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/landisk:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

Write <i>miniroot51.fs</i> to the start of the CF

or disk, and boot normally.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/loongson:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/loongson:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

Write <i>miniroot51.fs</i> to a USB stick and boot bsd.rd from it

or boot bsd.rd via tftp.

Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.loongson for more details.

</ul>

<p>

<h3>OpenBSD/luna88k:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/luna88k:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

Copy bsd.rd to a Mach or UniOS partition, and boot it from the PROM.

Alternatively, you can create a bootable tape and boot from it. Refer to

the instructions in INSTALL.luna88k for more details.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/mvme68k:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mvme68k:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>

The network boot requires a MVME68K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>

and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme68k

for more details.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/mvme88k:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/mvme88k:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

You can create a bootable installation tape or boot over the network.<br>

The network boot requires a MVME88K BUG version that supports the <i>NIOT</i>

and <i>NBO</i> debugger commands. Follow the instructions in INSTALL.mvme88k

for more details.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/sgi:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sgi:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

To install on an O2, burn cd51.iso on a CD-R, put it in the CD drive of your

machine and select <i>Install System Software</i> from the System Maintenance

menu.

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setup a DHCP/tftp network server, and boot using "bootp()/bsd.rd.IP##" using

the kernel matching your system type.

Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.sgi for more details.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/socppc:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/socppc:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

After connecting a serial port, boot over the network via DHCP/tftp.

Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.socppc for more details.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/sparc:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/sparc:</font></h3>

<ul>

Boot from one of the provided install ISO images, using one of the two

commands listed below, depending on the version of your ROM.

ok <strong>boot cdrom 5.1/sparc/bsd.rd</strong>

ok <kbd>boot cdrom 5.1/sparc/bsd.rd</kbd>

> <strong>b sd(0,6,0)5.1/sparc/bsd.rd</strong>

> <kbd>b sd(0,6,0)5.1/sparc/bsd.rd</kbd>

</pre></ul>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

If your SPARC system does not have a CD drive, you can alternatively boot from floppy.

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To boot from the floppy use one of the two commands listed below,

depending on the version of your ROM.

ok <strong>boot floppy</strong>

ok <kbd>boot floppy</kbd>

> <strong>b fd()</strong>

> <kbd>b fd()</kbd>

</pre></ul>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install

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If your SPARC system doesn't have a floppy drive nor a CD drive, you can either

setup a bootable tape, or install via network, as told in the

INSTALL.sparc file.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/vax:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/vax:</font></h3>

<ul>

Boot over the network via mopbooting as described in INSTALL.vax.

</ul>

<h3>OpenBSD/zaurus:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">OpenBSD/zaurus:</font></h3>

<ul>

<p>

Using the Linux built-in graphical ipkg installer, install the

openbsd51_arm.ipk package. Reboot, then run it. Read INSTALL.zaurus

for a few important details.

</ul>

</section>

<h3>Notes about the source code:</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#e00000">Notes about the source code:</font></h3>

<ul>

src.tar.gz contains a source archive starting at /usr/src. This file

contains everything you need except for the kernel sources, which are

in a separate archive. To extract:

# <kbd>mkdir -p /usr/src</kbd>

# <kbd>cd /usr/src</kbd>

# <kbd>tar xvfz /tmp/src.tar.gz</kbd>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

# <strong>mkdir -p /usr/src</strong>

# <strong>cd /usr/src</strong>

# <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/src.tar.gz</strong>

</pre></ul>

<p>

sys.tar.gz contains a source archive starting at /usr/src/sys.

This file contains all the kernel sources you need to rebuild kernels.

To extract:

<p>

# <strong>mkdir -p /usr/src/sys</strong>

# <kbd>mkdir -p /usr/src/sys</kbd>

# <strong>cd /usr/src</strong>

# <kbd>cd /usr/src</kbd>

# <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/sys.tar.gz</strong>

</pre></ul>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

Both of these trees are a regular CVS checkout. Using these trees it

is possible to get a head-start on using the anoncvs servers as

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Using these files

results in a much faster initial CVS update than you could expect from

a fresh checkout of the full OpenBSD source tree.

<p>

</ul>

</section>

<hr>

<h3>How to upgrade</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#0000e0">How to upgrade</font></h3>

<p>

If you already have an OpenBSD 5.0 system, and do not want to reinstall,

upgrade instructions and advice can be found in the

<a href="faq/upgrade51.html">Upgrade Guide</a>.

</section>

<hr>

<h3>Ports Tree</h3>

<p>

<h3><font color="#0000e0">Ports Tree</font></h3>

<p>

A ports tree archive is also provided. To extract:

<p>

# <strong>cd /usr</strong>

# <kbd>cd /usr</kbd>

# <strong>tar xvfz /tmp/ports.tar.gz</strong>

# <kbd>tar xvfz /tmp/ports.tar.gz</kbd>

# <strong>cd ports</strong>

# <kbd>cd ports</kbd>

</pre></ul>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

The <i>ports/</i> subdirectory is a checkout of the OpenBSD ports tree. Go

read the <a href="faq/ports/index.html">ports</a> page

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OpenBSD ports system.

<p>

The <i>ports/</i> directory represents a CVS (see the manpage for

cvs(1)</a> if

you aren't familiar with CVS) checkout of our ports. As with our complete

source tree, our ports tree is available via anoncvs. So, in

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available on a read-write medium and update the tree with a command

like:

<p>

# <strong>cd [portsdir]/; cvs -d anoncvs@server.openbsd.org:/cvs update -Pd -rOPENBSD_5_1</strong>

</pre></ul>

</pre></blockquote>

<p>

[Of course, you must replace the local directory and server name here

with the location of your ports collection and a nearby anoncvs

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If you're interested in seeing a port added, would like to help out, or just

would like to know more, the mailing list ports@openbsd.org is a good

place to know.

<p>

</section>

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