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Annotation of www/74.html, Revision 1.14

1.1       deraadt     1: <!doctype html>
                      2: <html lang=en id=release>
                      3: <head>
                      4: <meta charset=utf-8>
                      5:
                      6: <title>OpenBSD 7.4</title>
                      7: <meta name="description" content="OpenBSD 7.4">
                      8: <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
                      9: <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="openbsd.css">
                     10: <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.openbsd.org/74.html">
                     11: </head><body>
                     12: <h2 id=OpenBSD>
                     13: <a href="index.html">
                     14: <i>Open</i><b>BSD</b></a>
                     15: 7.4
                     16: </h2>
                     17:
                     18: <table>
                     19: <tr>
                     20: <td>
                     21: <a href="images/XXX.png">
                     22: <img width="227" height="303" src="images/XXX-s.gif" alt="XXX"></a>
                     23: <td>
                     24: Released Oct XXX, 2023. (55th OpenBSD release)<br>
                     25: Copyright 1997-2023, Theo de Raadt.<br>
                     26: <br>
1.4       job        27: Artwork by Jessica Scott.
1.1       deraadt    28: <br>
                     29: <ul>
                     30: <li>See the information on <a href="ftp.html">the FTP page</a> for
                     31:     a list of mirror machines.
                     32: <li>Go to the <code class=reldir>pub/OpenBSD/7.4/</code> directory on
                     33:     one of the mirror sites.
                     34: <li>Have a look at <a href="errata74.html">the 7.4 errata page</a> for a list
                     35:     of bugs and workarounds.
                     36: <li>See a <a href="plus74.html">detailed log of changes</a> between the
                     37:     7.3 and 7.4 releases.
                     38: <p>
                     39: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/signify.1">signify(1)</a>
                     40:     pubkeys for this release:<p>
                     41:
                     42: <table class=signify>
                     43: <tr><td>
                     44: openbsd-74-base.pub:
                     45: <td>
                     46: <a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/openbsd-74-base.pub">
                     47: RWRoyQmAD08ajTqgzK3UcWaVlwaJMckH9/CshU8Md5pN1GoIrcBdTF+c</a>
                     48: <tr><td>
                     49: openbsd-74-fw.pub:
                     50: <td>
                     51: RWTRA9KXRuZKunpXYK0ed5OxbE0K7rYWpDnTu+M8wZdqzRroFqed0U6I
                     52: <tr><td>
                     53: openbsd-74-pkg.pub:
                     54: <td>
                     55: RWR/h7gubZ9M/O46RNy3PzLTPevOCK24LGCPca41IHMwSH4YuVA+jnWO
                     56: <tr><td>
                     57: openbsd-74-syspatch.pub:
                     58: <td>
                     59: RWQqty2voy8V8afR9/v2RzuNr7r4y9cKwljABN7Tytd7JcPdBjnXg0Ue
                     60: </table>
                     61: </ul>
                     62: <p>
                     63: All applicable copyrights and credits are in the src.tar.gz,
                     64: sys.tar.gz, xenocara.tar.gz, ports.tar.gz files, or in the
                     65: files fetched via <code>ports.tar.gz</code>.
                     66: </table>
                     67:
                     68: <hr>
                     69:
                     70: <section id=new>
                     71: <h3>What's New</h3>
                     72: <p>
                     73: This is a partial list of new features and systems included in OpenBSD 7.4.
                     74: For a comprehensive list, see the <a href="plus74.html">changelog</a> leading
                     75: to 7.4.
                     76:
                     77: <ul>
                     78:
                     79: <li>New/extended platforms:
                     80:   <ul>
1.11      benno      81:   <li>On arm64, implement branch target protection using the branch
                     82:        target identification feature introduced in Armv8.5.  This provides
                     83:        "head-CFI" to complement the "tail-CFI" provided by retguard, and is
                     84:        supported on Apple M2.
1.1       deraadt    85:   </ul>
                     86:
                     87: <li>Various kernel improvements:
                     88:   <ul>
1.11      benno      89:   <li>On amd64, identify IBT capability in cpu(4) dmesg lines.
                     90:   <li>On arm64, show BT and SBSS features in dmesg(8).
                     91:   <li>Map device tree read/write to unbreak root on softraid(4).
1.1       deraadt    92:   </ul>
                     93:
                     94: <li>SMP Improvements
                     95:   <ul>
                     96:   <li>...
                     97:   </ul>
                     98:
                     99: <li>Direct Rendering Manager and graphics drivers
                    100:   <ul>
                    101:   <li>...
                    102:   </ul>
                    103:
                    104: <li>VMM/VMD improvements
                    105:   <ul>
1.11      benno     106:   <li>Avoid use of uninitialised memory in vmd(8).
1.1       deraadt   107:   </ul>
                    108:
                    109: <li>Various new userland features:
                    110:   <ul>
1.11      benno     111:   <li>Update zoneinfo to tzdata2023c.
1.1       deraadt   112:   </ul>
                    113:
                    114: <li>Various bugfixes and tweaks in userland:
                    115:   <ul>
1.11      benno     116:   <li>Refactoring and documenting of fdisk(8) code, to make the code
                    117:        easier to maintain.
                    118:   <li>In clang, allow out-of-class defaulting of comparison operators,
                    119:        by ways of backporting an upstream commit.
                    120:   <li>Improve the code of aucat(1) and fix spelling mistakes.
                    121:   <li>Improve the code quality of find(1).
                    122:   <li>Many changes in mg(1):
                    123:     <ul>
                    124:     <li>Improve the readability of the code of mg(1).
                    125:     <li>In mg(1), fall back to /bin/sh if $SHELL is undefined.
                    126:     <li>Fix parsing of tag files with duplicate entries in mg (1).
                    127:        Instead of erroring out ignore duplicates. Fixes using
                    128:        /var/db/libc.tags again.
                    129:     <li>In mg(1), change tagvisit (aka visit-tag-table) to immediately
                    130:        load the tag file, and drop the lazy mechanics.
                    131:     <li>Remove useless global variable in mg(1).
                    132:     <li>Plug memory leak in mg(1).
                    133:     <li>Replace strncpy() with strlcpy() in mg(1).
                    134:     <li>Skip checking permissions of conffile with access(2).
                    135:     </ul>
                    136:   <li>On aarch64 architectures improve how BTI control flow integretry
                    137:        enforcement is implemented in the executable entry point and enable
                    138:        support for BTI control flow integrety checks in libc assembly
                    139:        functions.
                    140:
1.1       deraadt   141:   </ul>
                    142:
                    143: <li>Improved hardware support and driver bugfixes, including:
                    144:   <ul>
1.11      benno     145:   <li>Add support for the RK3568 32k RTC clock in rkclock(4)
                    146:   <li>In dwpcie(4) attach Baikal-M PCIe.
                    147:   <li>In openfirmware, implement regulator notifiers which get called
                    148:        when the voltage/current for a regulator is changed or when the
                    149:        regulator gets initialized when it attaches for the first time. The
                    150:        latter makes it possible to register a notifier for a regulator that
                    151:        hasn't attached yet.
                    152:   <li>Add rkiovd(4), a driver for the IO voltage domains on Rockchip SoCs.
                    153:
1.1       deraadt   154:   </ul>
                    155:
                    156: <li>New or improved network hardware support:
                    157:   <ul>
1.11      benno     158:   <li>Fix dwqe(4) on several boards that use rgephy(4) by configuring
                    159:        the RGMII interface before taking the PHY out of reset.
                    160:   <li>Document that Intel i226 adapters are supported by igc(4).
                    161:   <li>Add ngbe(4), a driver for WangXun WX1860 PCI Express 10/100/1Gb Ethernet devices.
1.1       deraadt   162:   </ul>
                    163:
                    164: <li>Added or improved wireless network drivers:
                    165:   <ul>
1.11      benno     166:   <li>Improve how Quectel LTE&5G devices attach to umb(4).
1.1       deraadt   167:   </ul>
                    168:
                    169: <li>IEEE 802.11 wireless stack improvements and bugfixes:
                    170:   <ul>
                    171:   <li>...
                    172:   </ul>
                    173:
                    174: <li>Installer, upgrade and bootloader improvements:
                    175:   <ul>
1.11      benno     176:   <li>In the arm64 ramdisk, simplify apple firmware copying to make it
                    177:        easier to add new firmware.
                    178:   <li>On armv7 and arm64, silence informational messages from dd(1)
                    179:        when zeroing a disk's first 1MB. Use character not block devices with
                    180:        dd(1) like on other architectures.
                    181:   <li>Refactor the code of md_installboot() on armv7 and arm64 to be
                    182:        more in line with other architectures.
                    183:   <li>Improve the dialogue of the installer without affecting
                    184:        autoinstall(8) files.
                    185:   <li>Enable ufshci(4) on arm64 RAMDISKs.
                    186:
1.1       deraadt   187:   </ul>
                    188:
                    189: <li>Security improvements:
                    190:   <ul>
1.11      benno     191:   <li>Change malloc(3) chunk sizes to be fine grained. [needs better explaination]
                    192:   <li>In malloc(3), check all chunks in the delayed free list for write-after-free.
1.1       deraadt   193:   </ul>
                    194:
                    195: <li>Changes in the network stack:
                    196:   <ul>
                    197:   <li>...
                    198:  </ul>
                    199:
                    200: <li>Routing daemons and other userland network improvements:
                    201:   <ul>
                    202:   <li>IPsec support was improved:
                    203:   <ul>
1.11      benno     204:        <li>In isakmpd(8), avoid a double free in ec_init() when using the OpenSSL API.
                    205:        <li>In iked(8), do not treat the return value of i2d_ECDSA_SIG() as
                    206:                lenght as it can be negative.
                    207:        <li>Prepare isakmpd(8) for a libcrypto library that is lacking binary field
                    208:                support.
                    209:        <li>In isakmpd(8), avoid a potential crash by addind a missing NULL check.
                    210:
1.1       deraadt   211:   </ul>
                    212:   <li>In <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bgpd.8">bgpd(8)</a>,
                    213:   <ul>
                    214:        <li>...
                    215:   </ul>
                    216:   <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rpki-client.8">rpki-client(8)</a> saw some changes:
                    217:   <ul>
                    218:        <li>...
                    219:   </ul>
                    220:
                    221:   <li>In <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/snmpd.8">snmpd(8)</a>,
                    222:   <ul>
                    223:        <li>...
                    224:   </ul>
                    225:
1.11      benno     226:   <li>Make dig(1) use less deprecated LibreSSL API.
                    227:   <li>In ypldap(8), reduce memory usage when updating larger directories.
1.1       deraadt   228:   </ul>
                    229:
                    230: <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tmux.1">tmux(1)</a> improvements and bug fixes:
                    231:   <ul>
1.11      benno     232:   <li>For passthrough, don't write to clients attached to different sessions.
                    233:   <li>Add a format to show if there are unseen changes while in a mode.
1.1       deraadt   234:   </ul>
                    235:
1.7       tb        236: <li>LibreSSL version 3.8.2
1.1       deraadt   237:   <ul>
1.7       tb        238:   <li>Security fixes
                    239:     <ul>
                    240:     <li>Disabled TLSv1.0 and TLSv1.1 in libssl so that they may no longer
                    241:       be selected for use.
                    242:     <li>BN_is_prime{,_fasttest}_ex() refuse to check numbers larger than
                    243:       32 kbits for primality. This mitigates various DoS vectors.
                    244:     <li>Restricted the RFC 3779 code to IPv4 and IPv6. It was not written
                    245:       to be able to deal with anything else.
                    246:     </ul>
                    247:   <li>Portable changes
                    248:     <ul>
                    249:     <li>Extended the endian.h compat header with hto* and *toh macros.
                    250:     <li>Adapted more tests to the portable framework.
                    251:     <li>Internal tools are now statically linked.
                    252:     <li>Applications bundled as part of the LibreSSL package internally,
                    253:       nc(1) and openssl(1), now are linked statically if static libraries
                    254:       are built.
                    255:     <li>Internal compatibility function symbols are no longer exported from
                    256:       libcrypto. Instead, the libcompat library is linked to libcrypto,
                    257:       libssl, and libtls separately. This increases size a little, but
                    258:       ensures that the libraries are not exporting symbols to programs
                    259:       unintentionally.
                    260:     <li>Selective removal of CET implementation on platforms where it is
                    261:       not supported (macOS).
                    262:     <li>Integrated four more tests.
                    263:     <li>Added Windows ARM64 architecture to tested platforms.
                    264:     <li>Removed Solaris 10 support, fixed Solaris 11.
                    265:     <li>libtls no longer links statically to libcrypto / libssl unless
                    266:            <code>--enable-libtls-only</code> is specified at configure time.
                    267:     <li>Improved Windows compatibility library, namely handling of files vs
                    268:       sockets, correcting an exception when operating on a closed socket.
                    269:     <li>CMake builds no longer hardcode <code>-O2</code> into the compiler flags,
                    270:       instead using flags from the CMake build type instead.
                    271:     <li>Set the CMake default build type to <code>Release</code>. This can be overridden
                    272:       during configuration.
                    273:     <li>Fixed broken ASM support with MinGW builds.
                    274:     </ul>
1.1       deraadt   275:   <li>New features
                    276:     <ul>
1.7       tb        277:     <li>Added support for truncated SHA-2 and for SHA-3.
                    278:     <li>The BPSW primality test performs additional Miller-Rabin rounds
                    279:       with random bases to reduce the likelihood of composites passing.
                    280:     <li>Allow testing of ciphers and digests using badly aligned buffers
                    281:       in openssl speed using -unalign.
                    282:     <li>Ed25519 certificates are now supported in openssl(1) ca and req.
                    283:       Prepared Ed25519 support in libssl.
                    284:     <li>Add branch target information (BTI) support to amd64 and arm64
                    285:       assembly.
1.1       deraadt   286:     </ul>
                    287:   <li>Compatibility changes
                    288:     <ul>
1.7       tb        289:     <li>Added a workaround for a poorly thought-out change in OpenSSL 3 that
                    290:       broke privilege separation support in libtls.
                    291:     <li>Moved libtls from ECDSA_METHOD to EC_KEY_METHOD.
                    292:     <li>Removed GF2m support: BIGNUM no longer supports binary extension
                    293:       field arithmetic and all binary elliptic builtin curves were removed.
                    294:     <li>Removed dangerous, "fast" NIST prime and elliptic curve implementations.
                    295:       In particular, EC_GFp_nist_method() is no longer available.
                    296:     <li>Removed most public symbols that were deprecated in OpenSSL 0.9.8.
                    297:     <li>Removed the public X9.31 API (RSA_X931_PADDING is still available).
                    298:     <li>Removed Cipher Text Stealing mode.
                    299:     <li>Removed ENGINE support, including ECDH_METHOD and ECDSA_METHOD.
                    300:     <li>Removed COMP, DSO, dynamic loading of conf modules and support for
                    301:       custom ex_data and error stacks.
                    302:     <li>Removed proxy certificate (RFC 3820) support.
                    303:     <li>Removed SXNET and NETSCAPE_CERT_SEQUENCE support including the
1.8       tb        304:       openssl(1) nseq command.
1.7       tb        305:     <li>ENGINE support was removed and OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE is set. In spite
                    306:       of this, some stub functions are provided to avoid patching some
                    307:       applications that do not honor OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE.
                    308:     <li>The POLICY_TREE and its related structures and API were removed.
                    309:     <li>In X509_VERIFY_PARAM_inherit() copy hostflags independently of the
                    310:       host list.
                    311:     <li>Made CRYPTO_get_ex_new_index() not return 0 to allow applications
                    312:       to use *_{get,set}_app_data() and *_{get,set}_ex_data() alongside
                    313:       each other.
                    314:     <li>X509_NAME_get_text_by_{NID,OBJ}() now only succeed if they contain
                    315:       valid UTF-8 without embedded NUL.
                    316:     <li>The explicitText user notice uses UTF8String instead of VisibleString
                    317:       to reduce the risk of emitting certificates with invalid DER-encoding.
                    318:     <li>Initial fixes for RSA-PSS support to make the TLSv1.3 stack more
                    319:       compliant with RFC 8446.
                    320:     <li>Fixed EVP_CIPHER_CTX_iv_length() to return what was set with
                    321:       EVP_CTRL_AEAD_SET_IVLEN or one of its aliases.
1.1       deraadt   322:     </ul>
1.7       tb        323:   <li>Internal improvements
1.1       deraadt   324:     <ul>
1.7       tb        325:     <li>Improved sieve of Eratosthenes script used for generating a table
                    326:       of small primes.
                    327:     <li>Removed incomplete and dangerous BN_RECURSION code.
                    328:     <li>Imported RFC 5280 policy checking code from BoringSSL and used it
                    329:       to replace the old exponential time code.
                    330:     <li>Converted more of libcrypto to use CBB/CBS.
                    331:     <li>Started cleaning up and rewriting SHA internals.
                    332:     <li>Reduced the dependency of hash implementations on many layers of
                    333:       macros. This results in significant speedups since modern compilers
                    334:       are now less confused.
                    335:     <li>Improved BIGNUM internals and performance.
                    336:     <li>Significantly simplified the BN_BLINDING internals used in RSA.
                    337:     <li>Made BN_num_bits() independent of bn->top.
                    338:     <li>Rewrote and simplified bn_sqr().
                    339:     <li>Significantly improved Montgomery multiplication performance.
                    340:     <li>Rewrote and improved BN_exp() and BN_copy().
                    341:     <li>Changed ASN1_item_sign_ctx() and ASN1_item_verify() to work with
                    342:       Ed25519 and fixed a few bugs in there.
                    343:     <li>Lots of cleanup for DH, DSA, EC, RSA internals.  Plugged numerous
                    344:       memory leaks, fixed logic errors and inconsistencies.
                    345:     <li>Cleaned up and simplified various ECDH and ECDSA internals.
                    346:     <li>Removed EC_GROUP precomp machinery.
                    347:     <li>Fixed various issues with EVP_PKEY_CTX_{new,dup}().
                    348:     <li>Rewrote OBJ_find_sigid_algs() and OBJ_find_sigid_by_algs().
                    349:     <li>Improved X.509 certificate version checks.
                    350:     <li>Ensure no X.509v3 extensions appear more than once in certificates.
                    351:     <li>Replaced ASN1_bn_print with a cleaner internal implementation.
                    352:     <li>Fix OPENSSL_cpuid_setup() invocations on arm/aarch64.
                    353:     <li>Improved checks for commonName in libtls.
                    354:     <li>Fixed error check for X509_get_ext_d2i() failure in libtls.
                    355:     <li>Removed code guarded by #ifdef ZLIB.
                    356:     <li>Plug a potential memory leak in ASN1_TIME_normalize().
                    357:     <li>Fixed a use of uninitialized in i2r_IPAddrBlocks().
                    358:     <li>Rewrote CMS_SignerInfo_{sign,verify}().
1.1       deraadt   359:     </ul>
1.7       tb        360:   <li>Bug fixes
1.1       deraadt   361:     <ul>
1.7       tb        362:     <li>Correctly handle negative input to various BIGNUM functions.
                    363:     <li>Ensure ERR_load_ERR_strings() does not set errno unexpectedly.
                    364:     <li>Fix error checking of i2d_ECDSA_SIG() in ossl_ecdsa_sign().
1.8       tb        365:     <li>Fixed aliasing issue in BN_mod_inverse(). Disallowed aliasing of result
                    366:       and modulus in various BN_mod_* functions.
1.7       tb        367:     <li>Fixed detection of extended operations (XOP) on AMD hardware.
                    368:     <li>Ensure Montgomery exponentiation is used for the initial RSA blinding.
                    369:     <li>Policy is always checked in X509 validation. Critical policy extensions
                    370:       are no longer silently ignored.
                    371:     <li>Fixed error handling in tls_check_common_name().
                    372:     <li>Add missing pointer invalidation in SSL_free().
                    373:     <li>Fixed X509err() and X509V3err() and their internal versions.
                    374:     <li>Ensure that OBJ_obj2txt() always returns a C string again.
                    375:     <li>Made EVP_PKEY_set1_hkdf_key() fail on a NULL key.
                    376:     <li>On socket errors in the poll loop, netcat could issue system calls
                    377:       on invalidated file descriptors.
                    378:     <li>Allow IP addresses to be specified in a URI.
                    379:     <li>Fixed a copy-paste error in ASN1_TIME_compare() that could lead
                    380:       to two UTCTimes or two GeneralizedTimes incorrectly being compared
                    381:       as equal.
                    382:     </ul>
                    383:   <li>Documentation improvements
                    384:     <ul>
                    385:     <li>Improved documentation of BIO_ctrl(3), BIO_set_info_callback(3),
                    386:       BIO_get_info_callback(3), BIO_method_type(3), and BIO_method_name(3).
                    387:     <li>Marked BIO_CB_return(), BIO_cb_pre(), and BIO_cb_post() as intentionally
                    388:       undocumented.
                    389:     <li>Made it very explicit that the verify callback should not be used.
                    390:     <li>Called out that the CRL lastUpdate is standardized as thisUpdate.
                    391:     <li>Documented the RFC 3779 API and its shortcomings.
                    392:     </ul>
                    393:   <li>Testing and Proactive Security
                    394:     <ul>
                    395:     <li>Significantly improved test coverage of BN_mod_sqrt() and GCD.
                    396:     <li>As always, new test coverage is added as bugs are fixed and subsystems
                    397:       are cleaned up.
1.1       deraadt   398:     </ul>
                    399:   </ul>
                    400:
1.13      dtucker   401: <li>OpenSSH 9.5 and OpenSSH 9.4
1.1       deraadt   402:   <ul>
1.12      dtucker   403:   <li>Potentially incompatible changes
1.1       deraadt   404:     <ul>
1.12      dtucker   405:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-keygen.1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>:
                    406:         generate Ed25519 keys by default. Ed25519 public keys
                    407:         are very convenient due to their small size. Ed25519 keys are
                    408:         specified in RFC 8709 and OpenSSH has supported them since version 6.5
                    409:         (January 2014).
                    410:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
                    411:         the Subsystem directive now accurately preserves quoting of
                    412:         subsystem commands and arguments. This may change behaviour for exotic
                    413:         configurations, but the most common subsystem configuration
                    414:         (sftp-server) is unlikely to be affected.
1.13      dtucker   415:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-agent.1">ssh-agent(1)</a>:
                    416:         PKCS#11 modules must now be specified by their full
                    417:         paths. Previously dlopen(3) could search for them in system
                    418:         library directories.
1.1       deraadt   419:     </ul>
1.12      dtucker   420:   <li>New features
1.1       deraadt   421:     <ul>
1.12      dtucker   422:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
                    423:         add keystroke timing obfuscation to the client. This attempts
                    424:         to hide inter-keystroke timings by sending interactive traffic at
                    425:         fixed intervals (default: every 20ms) when there is only a small
                    426:         amount of data being sent. It also sends fake "chaff" keystrokes for
                    427:         a random interval after the last real keystroke. These are
                    428:         controlled by a new ssh_config ObscureKeystrokeTiming keyword.
                    429:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>,
                    430:         <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
                    431:         Introduce a transport-level ping facility. This adds
                    432:         a pair of SSH transport protocol messages SSH2_MSG_PING/PONG to
                    433:         implement a ping capability. These messages use numbers in the "local
                    434:         extensions" number space and are advertised using a "ping@openssh.com"
                    435:         ext-info message with a string version number of "0".
1.13      dtucker   436:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
                    437:         allow override of Subsystem directives in sshd Match blocks.
                    438:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
                    439:         allow forwarding Unix Domain sockets via ssh -W.
                    440:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
                    441:         add support for configuration tags to ssh(1).
                    442:         This adds a ssh_config(5) "Tag" directive and corresponding
                    443:         "Match tag" predicate that may be used to select blocks of
                    444:         configuration similar to the pf.conf(5) keywords of the same
                    445:         name.
                    446:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
                    447:          add a "match localnetwork" predicate. This allows matching
                    448:          on the addresses of available network interfaces and may be used to
                    449:          vary the effective client configuration based on network location.
                    450:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>,
                    451:         <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>,
                    452:         <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-keygen.1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>:
                    453:         infrastructure support for KRL
                    454:         extensions.  This defines wire formats for optional KRL extensions
                    455:         and implements parsing of the new submessages. No actual extensions
                    456:         are supported at this point.
                    457:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
                    458:         AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand and AuthorizedKeysCommand now
                    459:         accept two additional %-expansion sequences: %D which expands to
                    460:         the routing domain of the connected session and %C which expands
                    461:         to the addresses and port numbers for the source and destination
                    462:         of the connection.
                    463:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-keygen.1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>:
                    464:         increase the default work factor (rounds) for the
                    465:         bcrypt KDF used to derive symmetric encryption keys for passphrase
                    466:         protected key files by 50%.
1.1       deraadt   467:     </ul>
                    468:   <li>Bugfixes
                    469:     <ul>
1.12      dtucker   470:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/scp.1">scp(1)</a>:
                    471:         fix scp in SFTP mode recursive upload and download of
                    472:         directories that contain symlinks to other directories. In scp mode,
                    473:         the links would be followed, but in SFTP mode they were not.
                    474:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-keygen.1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>:
                    475:         handle cr+lf (instead of just cr) line endings in
                    476:         sshsig signature files.
                    477:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
                    478:         interactive mode for ControlPersist sessions if they
                    479:         originally requested a tty.
                    480:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
                    481:         make PerSourceMaxStartups first-match-wins
                    482:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
                    483:         limit artificial login delay to a reasonable maximum (5s)
                    484:         and don't delay at all for the "none" authentication mechanism.
1.13      dtucker   485:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
                    486:         Log errors in kex_exchange_identification() with level
1.12      dtucker   487:         verbose instead of error to reduce preauth log spam. All of those
                    488:         get logged with a more generic error message by sshpkt_fatal().
                    489:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
                    490:         correct math for ClientAliveInterval that caused the probes
                    491:         to be sent less frequently than configured.
1.13      dtucker   492:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-agent.1">ssh-agent(1)</a>:
                    493:         improve isolation between loaded PKCS#11 modules
                    494:         by running separate ssh-pkcs11-helpers for each loaded provider.
                    495:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
                    496:         make -f (fork after authentication) work correctly with
                    497:         multiplexed connections, including ControlPersist.
                    498:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
                    499:         make ConnectTimeout apply to multiplexing sockets and not
                    500:         just to network connections.
                    501:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-agent.1">ssh-agent(1)</a>,
                    502:         <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
                    503:         improve defences against invalid PKCS#11
                    504:         modules being loaded by checking that the requested module
                    505:         contains the required symbol before loading it.
                    506:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>:
                    507:         fix AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand when AuthorizedKeysCommand
                    508:         appears before it in sshd_config. Since OpenSSH 8.7 the
                    509:         AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand directive was incorrectly ignored in
                    510:         this situation.
                    511:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>,
                    512:         <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>,
                    513:         <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-keygen.1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>:
                    514:         remove vestigal support for KRL
                    515:         signatures When the KRL format was originally defined, it included
                    516:         support for signing of KRL objects. However, the code to sign KRLs
                    517:         and verify KRL signatues was never completed in OpenSSH. This
                    518:         release removes the partially-implemented code to verify KRLs.
                    519:         All OpenSSH tools now ignore KRL_SECTION_SIGNATURE sections in
                    520:         KRL files.
                    521:      <li>All: fix a number of memory leaks and unreachable/harmless integer
                    522:         overflows.
                    523:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-agent.1">ssh-agent(1)</a>,
                    524:         <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
                    525:         don't truncate strings logged from PKCS#11 modules
                    526:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>,
                    527:         <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
                    528:         better validate CASignatureAlgorithms in
                    529:         ssh_config and sshd_config. Previously this directive would accept
                    530:         certificate algorithm names, but these were unusable in practice as
                    531:         OpenSSH does not support CA chains.
                    532:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
                    533:         make <code>ssh -Q CASignatureAlgorithms</code> only list signature
                    534:         algorithms that are valid for CA signing. Previous behaviour was
                    535:         to list all signing algorithms, including certificate algorithms.
                    536:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-keyscan.1">ssh-keyscan(1)</a>:
                    537:         gracefully handle systems where rlimits or the
                    538:         maximum number of open files is larger than INT_MAX
                    539:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-keygen.1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>:
                    540:         fix "no comment" not showing on when running
                    541:         <code>ssh-keygen -l</code> on multiple keys where one has a comment
                    542:         and other following keys do not.
                    543:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/scp.1">scp(1)</a>,
1.14    ! dtucker   544:         <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sftp.1">sftp(1)</a>:
1.13      dtucker   545:         adjust ftruncate() logic to handle servers that
                    546:         reorder requests. Previously, if the server reordered requests then
                    547:         the resultant file would be erroneously truncated.
                    548:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>:
                    549:         don't incorrectly disable hostname canonicalization when
                    550:         CanonicalizeHostname=yes and ProxyJump was expicitly set to
                    551:         "none".
                    552:     <li><a href="https://man.openbsd.org/scp.1">scp(1)</a>:
                    553:         when copying local to remote, check that the source file
                    554:         exists before opening an SFTP connection to the server.
1.1       deraadt   555:     </ul>
                    556:   </ul>
                    557:
                    558: <li>mandoc XXX plus some new features and many bugfixes, including:
                    559:   <ul>
                    560:   <li>...
                    561:   </ul>
                    562:
                    563: <li>Ports and packages:
                    564:   <p>Many pre-built packages for each architecture:
                    565:   <!-- number of FTP packages minus SHA256, SHA256.sig, index.txt -->
                    566:   <ul style="column-count: 3">
                    567:     <li>aarch64:
                    568:     <li>amd64:
                    569:     <li>arm:
                    570:     <li>i386:
                    571:     <li>mips64:
                    572:     <li>powerpc:
                    573:     <li>powerpc64:
                    574:     <li>riscv64:
                    575:     <li>sparc64:
                    576:   </ul>
                    577:
                    578:   <p>Some highlights:
1.7       tb        579:   <ul style="column-count: 3"><!-- XXX all need to be checked/updated 2023-03-04 -->
1.6       matthieu  580:     <li>Asterisk 16.30.1, 18.19.0 and 20.4.0
1.5       matthieu  581:     <li>Audacity 3.3.3
                    582:     <li>CMake 3.27.5
1.10      matthieu  583:     <li>Chromium 117.0.5838.149
1.5       matthieu  584:     <li>Emacs 29.1
                    585:     <li>FFmpeg 4.4.4
1.1       deraadt   586:     <li>GCC 8.4.0 and 11.2.0
1.5       matthieu  587:     <li>GHC 9.2.7
                    588:     <li>GNOME 44
                    589:     <li>Go 1.21.1
                    590:     <li>JDK 8u382, 11.0.20 and 17.0.8
                    591:     <li>KDE Applications 23.08.0
1.1       deraadt   592:     <li>KDE Frameworks 5.98.0
1.5       matthieu  593:     <li>Krita 5.1.5
                    594:     <li>LLVM/Clang 13.0.0 and 16.0.6
                    595:     <li>LibreOffice 7.6.2.1
                    596:     <li>Lua 5.1.5, 5.2.4, 5.3.6 and 5.4.6
                    597:     <li>MariaDB 10.9.6
                    598:     <li>Mono 6.12.0.199
                    599:     <li>Mozilla Firefox 118.0.1 and ESR 115.3.1
                    600:     <li>Mozilla Thunderbird 115.3.1
                    601:     <li>Mutt 2.2.12 and NeoMutt 20230517
                    602:     <li>Node.js 18.18.0
1.1       deraadt   603:     <li>OCaml 4.12.1
1.5       matthieu  604:     <li>OpenLDAP 2.6.6
                    605:     <li>PHP 7.4.33, 8.0.30, 8.1.24 and 8.2.11
                    606:     <li>Postfix 3.7.3
                    607:     <li>PostgreSQL 15.4
                    608:     <li>Python 2.7.18, 3.9.18, 3.10.13 and 3.11.5
                    609:     <li>Qt 5.15.10 and 6.5.2
                    610:     <li>R 4.2.3
                    611:     <li>Ruby 3.0.6, 3.1.4 and 3.2.2
                    612:     <li>Rust 1.72.1
1.9       lteo      613:     <li>SQLite 3.42.0
1.5       matthieu  614:     <li>Shotcut 23.07.29
                    615:     <li>Sudo 1.9.14.2
                    616:     <li>Suricata 6.0.12
                    617:     <li>Tcl/Tk 8.5.19 and 8.6.13
                    618:     <li>TeX Live 2022
                    619:     <li>Vim 9.0.1897 and Neovim 0.9.1
                    620:     <li>Xfce 4.18
1.1       deraadt   621:   </ul>
                    622:   <p>
                    623:
                    624: <li>As usual, steady improvements in manual pages and other documentation.
                    625:
                    626: <li>The system includes the following major components from outside suppliers:
1.7       tb        627:   <ul><!-- XXX all need to be checked/updated 2023-03-04 -->
1.5       matthieu  628:     <li>Xenocara (based on X.Org 7.7 with xserver 21.1.8 + patches,
                    629:         freetype 2.13.0, fontconfig 2.14.2, Mesa 22.3.7, xterm 378,
1.1       deraadt   630:         xkeyboard-config 2.20, fonttosfnt 1.2.2 and more)
                    631:     <li>LLVM/Clang 13.0.0 (+ patches)
                    632:     <li>GCC 4.2.1 (+ patches) and 3.3.6 (+ patches)
1.5       matthieu  633:     <li>Perl 5.36.1 (+ patches)
                    634:     <li>NSD 4.7.0
                    635:     <li>Unbound 1.18.0
1.1       deraadt   636:     <li>Ncurses 5.7
                    637:     <li>Binutils 2.17 (+ patches)
                    638:     <li>Gdb 6.3 (+ patches)
1.5       matthieu  639:     <li>Awk September 12, 2023
                    640:     <li>Expat 2.5.0
1.1       deraadt   641:   </ul>
                    642:
                    643: </ul>
                    644: </section>
                    645:
                    646: <hr>
                    647:
                    648: <section id=install>
                    649: <h3>How to install</h3>
                    650: <p>
                    651: Please refer to the following files on the mirror site for
                    652: extensive details on how to install OpenBSD 7.4 on your machine:
                    653:
                    654: <ul>
                    655: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/alpha/INSTALL.alpha">
1.2       jsg       656:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/alpha/INSTALL.alpha</a>
1.1       deraadt   657: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/amd64/INSTALL.amd64">
1.2       jsg       658:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/amd64/INSTALL.amd64</a>
1.1       deraadt   659: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/arm64/INSTALL.arm64">
1.2       jsg       660:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/arm64/INSTALL.arm64</a>
1.1       deraadt   661: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/armv7/INSTALL.armv7">
1.2       jsg       662:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/armv7/INSTALL.armv7</a>
1.1       deraadt   663: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/hppa/INSTALL.hppa">
1.2       jsg       664:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/hppa/INSTALL.hppa</a>
1.1       deraadt   665: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/i386/INSTALL.i386">
1.2       jsg       666:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/i386/INSTALL.i386</a>
1.1       deraadt   667: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/landisk/INSTALL.landisk">
1.2       jsg       668:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/landisk/INSTALL.landisk</a>
1.1       deraadt   669: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/loongson/INSTALL.loongson">
1.2       jsg       670:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/loongson/INSTALL.loongson</a>
1.1       deraadt   671: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/luna88k/INSTALL.luna88k">
1.2       jsg       672:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/luna88k/INSTALL.luna88k</a>
1.1       deraadt   673: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/macppc/INSTALL.macppc">
1.2       jsg       674:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/macppc/INSTALL.macppc</a>
1.1       deraadt   675: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/octeon/INSTALL.octeon">
1.2       jsg       676:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/octeon/INSTALL.octeon</a>
1.1       deraadt   677: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/powerpc64/INSTALL.powerpc64">
1.2       jsg       678:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/powerpc64/INSTALL.powerpc64</a>
1.1       deraadt   679: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/riscv64/INSTALL.riscv64">
1.2       jsg       680:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/riscv64/INSTALL.riscv64</a>
1.1       deraadt   681: <li><a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/sparc64/INSTALL.sparc64">
1.2       jsg       682:        .../OpenBSD/7.4/sparc64/INSTALL.sparc64</a>
1.1       deraadt   683: </ul>
                    684: </section>
                    685:
                    686: <hr>
                    687:
                    688: <section id=quickinstall>
                    689: <p>
                    690: Quick installer information for people familiar with OpenBSD, and the use of
                    691: the "<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/disklabel.8">disklabel</a> -E" command.
                    692: If you are at all confused when installing OpenBSD, read the relevant
                    693: INSTALL.* file as listed above!
                    694:
                    695: <h3>OpenBSD/alpha:</h3>
                    696:
                    697: <p>
                    698: If your machine can boot from CD, you can write <i>install74.iso</i> or
                    699: <i>cd74.iso</i> to a CD and boot from it.
                    700: Refer to INSTALL.alpha for more details.
                    701:
                    702: <h3>OpenBSD/amd64:</h3>
                    703:
                    704: <p>
                    705: If your machine can boot from CD, you can write <i>install74.iso</i> or
                    706: <i>cd74.iso</i> to a CD and boot from it.
                    707: You may need to adjust your BIOS options first.
                    708:
                    709: <p>
                    710: If your machine can boot from USB, you can write <i>install74.img</i> or
                    711: <i>miniroot74.img</i> to a USB stick and boot from it.
                    712:
                    713: <p>
                    714: If you can't boot from a CD, floppy disk, or USB,
                    715: you can install across the network using PXE as described in the included
                    716: INSTALL.amd64 document.
                    717:
                    718: <p>
                    719: If you are planning to dual boot OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to
                    720: read INSTALL.amd64.
                    721:
                    722: <h3>OpenBSD/arm64:</h3>
                    723:
                    724: <p>
                    725: Write <i>install74.img</i> or <i>miniroot74.img</i> to a disk and boot from it
                    726: after connecting to the serial console.  Refer to INSTALL.arm64 for more
                    727: details.
                    728:
                    729: <h3>OpenBSD/armv7:</h3>
                    730:
                    731: <p>
                    732: Write a system specific miniroot to an SD card and boot from it after connecting
                    733: to the serial console.  Refer to INSTALL.armv7 for more details.
                    734:
                    735: <h3>OpenBSD/hppa:</h3>
                    736:
                    737: <p>
                    738: Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hppa or the
                    739: <a href="hppa.html#install">hppa platform page</a>.
                    740:
                    741: <h3>OpenBSD/i386:</h3>
                    742:
                    743: <p>
                    744: If your machine can boot from CD, you can write <i>install74.iso</i> or
                    745: <i>cd74.iso</i> to a CD and boot from it.
                    746: You may need to adjust your BIOS options first.
                    747:
                    748: <p>
                    749: If your machine can boot from USB, you can write <i>install74.img</i> or
                    750: <i>miniroot74.img</i> to a USB stick and boot from it.
                    751:
                    752: <p>
                    753: If you can't boot from a CD, floppy disk, or USB,
                    754: you can install across the network using PXE as described in
                    755: the included INSTALL.i386 document.
                    756:
                    757: <p>
                    758: If you are planning on dual booting OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to
                    759: read INSTALL.i386.
                    760:
                    761: <h3>OpenBSD/landisk:</h3>
                    762:
                    763: <p>
                    764: Write <i>miniroot74.img</i> to the start of the CF
                    765: or disk, and boot normally.
                    766:
                    767: <h3>OpenBSD/loongson:</h3>
                    768:
                    769: <p>
                    770: Write <i>miniroot74.img</i> to a USB stick and boot bsd.rd from it
                    771: or boot bsd.rd via tftp.
                    772: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.loongson for more details.
                    773:
                    774: <h3>OpenBSD/luna88k:</h3>
                    775:
                    776: <p>
                    777: Copy 'boot' and 'bsd.rd' to a Mach or UniOS partition, and boot the bootloader
                    778: from the PROM, and then bsd.rd from the bootloader.
                    779: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.luna88k for more details.
                    780:
                    781: <h3>OpenBSD/macppc:</h3>
                    782:
                    783: <p>
                    784: Burn the image from a mirror site to a CDROM, and power on your machine
                    785: while holding down the <i>C</i> key until the display turns on and
                    786: shows <i>OpenBSD/macppc boot</i>.
                    787:
                    788: <p>
                    789: Alternatively, at the Open Firmware prompt, enter <i>boot cd:,ofwboot
1.2       jsg       790: /7.4/macppc/bsd.rd</i>
1.1       deraadt   791:
                    792: <h3>OpenBSD/octeon:</h3>
                    793:
                    794: <p>
                    795: After connecting a serial port, boot bsd.rd over the network via DHCP/tftp.
                    796: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.octeon for more details.
                    797:
                    798: <h3>OpenBSD/powerpc64:</h3>
                    799:
                    800: <p>
                    801: To install, write <i>install74.img</i> or <i>miniroot74.img</i> to a
                    802: USB stick, plug it into the machine and choose the <i>OpenBSD
                    803: install</i> menu item in Petitboot.
                    804: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.powerpc64 for more details.
                    805:
                    806: <h3>OpenBSD/riscv64:</h3>
                    807:
                    808: <p>
                    809: To install, write <i>install74.img</i> or <i>miniroot74.img</i> to a
                    810: USB stick, and boot with that drive plugged in.
                    811: Make sure you also have the microSD card plugged in that shipped with the
                    812: HiFive Unmatched board.
                    813: Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.riscv64 for more details.
                    814:
                    815: <h3>OpenBSD/sparc64:</h3>
                    816:
                    817: <p>
                    818: Burn the image from a mirror site to a CDROM, boot from it, and type
                    819: <i>boot cdrom</i>.
                    820:
                    821: <p>
                    822: If this doesn't work, or if you don't have a CDROM drive, you can write
                    823: <i>floppy74.img</i> or <i>floppyB74.img</i>
                    824: (depending on your machine) to a floppy and boot it with <i>boot
                    825: floppy</i>. Refer to INSTALL.sparc64 for details.
                    826:
                    827: <p>
                    828: Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install
                    829: will most likely fail.
                    830:
                    831: <p>
                    832: You can also write <i>miniroot74.img</i> to the swap partition on
                    833: the disk and boot with <i>boot disk:b</i>.
                    834:
                    835: <p>
                    836: If nothing works, you can boot over the network as described in INSTALL.sparc64.
                    837: </section>
                    838:
                    839: <hr>
                    840:
                    841: <section id=upgrade>
                    842: <h3>How to upgrade</h3>
                    843: <p>
1.3       jsg       844: If you already have an OpenBSD 7.3 system, and do not want to reinstall,
1.1       deraadt   845: upgrade instructions and advice can be found in the
                    846: <a href="faq/upgrade74.html">Upgrade Guide</a>.
                    847: </section>
                    848:
                    849: <hr>
                    850:
                    851: <section id=sourcecode>
                    852: <h3>Notes about the source code</h3>
                    853: <p>
                    854: <code>src.tar.gz</code> contains a source archive starting at <code>/usr/src</code>.
                    855: This file contains everything you need except for the kernel sources,
                    856: which are in a separate archive.
                    857: To extract:
                    858: <blockquote><pre>
                    859: # <kbd>mkdir -p /usr/src</kbd>
                    860: # <kbd>cd /usr/src</kbd>
                    861: # <kbd>tar xvfz /tmp/src.tar.gz</kbd>
                    862: </pre></blockquote>
                    863: <p>
                    864: <code>sys.tar.gz</code> contains a source archive starting at <code>/usr/src/sys</code>.
                    865: This file contains all the kernel sources you need to rebuild kernels.
                    866: To extract:
                    867: <blockquote><pre>
                    868: # <kbd>mkdir -p /usr/src/sys</kbd>
                    869: # <kbd>cd /usr/src</kbd>
                    870: # <kbd>tar xvfz /tmp/sys.tar.gz</kbd>
                    871: </pre></blockquote>
                    872: <p>
                    873: Both of these trees are a regular CVS checkout.  Using these trees it
                    874: is possible to get a head-start on using the anoncvs servers as
                    875: described <a href="anoncvs.html">here</a>.
                    876: Using these files
                    877: results in a much faster initial CVS update than you could expect from
                    878: a fresh checkout of the full OpenBSD source tree.
                    879: </section>
                    880:
                    881: <hr>
                    882:
                    883: <section id=ports>
                    884: <h3>Ports Tree</h3>
                    885: <p>
                    886: A ports tree archive is also provided.  To extract:
                    887: <blockquote><pre>
                    888: # <kbd>cd /usr</kbd>
                    889: # <kbd>tar xvfz /tmp/ports.tar.gz</kbd>
                    890: </pre></blockquote>
                    891: <p>
                    892: Go read the <a href="faq/ports/index.html">ports</a> page
                    893: if you know nothing about ports
                    894: at this point.  This text is not a manual of how to use ports.
                    895: Rather, it is a set of notes meant to kickstart the user on the
                    896: OpenBSD ports system.
                    897: <p>
                    898: The <i>ports/</i> directory represents a CVS checkout of our ports.
                    899: As with our complete source tree, our ports tree is available via
                    900: <a href="anoncvs.html">AnonCVS</a>.
                    901: So, in order to keep up to date with the -stable branch, you must make
                    902: the <i>ports/</i> tree available on a read-write medium and update the tree
                    903: with a command like:
                    904: <blockquote><pre>
                    905: # <kbd>cd /usr/ports</kbd>
1.2       jsg       906: # <kbd>cvs -d anoncvs@server.openbsd.org:/cvs update -Pd -rOPENBSD_7_4</kbd>
1.1       deraadt   907: </pre></blockquote>
                    908: <p>
                    909: [Of course, you must replace the server name here with a nearby anoncvs
                    910: server.]
                    911: <p>
                    912: Note that most ports are available as packages on our mirrors. Updated
                    913: ports for the 7.4 release will be made available if problems arise.
                    914: <p>
                    915: If you're interested in seeing a port added, would like to help out, or just
                    916: would like to know more, the mailing list
                    917: <a href="mail.html">ports@openbsd.org</a> is a good place to know.
                    918: </section>
                    919: </body>
                    920: </html>