Annotation of www/crypto.html, Revision 1.143
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1.114 jufi 11: <title>Cryptography in OpenBSD</title>
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1.138 jcs 15: <a href="index.html"><img alt="[OpenBSD]" height="30" width="141" src="images/smalltitle.gif" border="0"></a>
16: <p>
17: <h2><font color="#e00000">Cryptography</font></h2>
18: <hr>
19:
1.114 jufi 20: <a name="why"></a>
21: <h3><font color="#e00000">Why do we ship cryptography?</font></h3><p>
1.32 deraadt 22:
23: In three words: <strong>because we can</strong>.<p>
24:
1.1 deraadt 25: The OpenBSD project is based in Canada.<p>
26:
1.114 jufi 27: The <a href="ECL.html">Export Control List of Canada</a>
1.23 deraadt 28: places no significant restriction on the export of
1.5 deraadt 29: cryptographic software, and is even more explicit about the free
30: export of freely-available cryptographic software. Marc Plumb has
31: done
1.116 nick 32: <a href="http://www.efc.ca/pages/doc/crypto-export.html">
1.31 aaron 33: some research to test the cryptographic laws</a>.
1.2 deraadt 34: <p>
1.1 deraadt 35:
1.3 deraadt 36: Hence the OpenBSD project has embedded cryptography into numerous places
37: in the operating system. We require that the cryptographic software we
1.114 jufi 38: use be <a href="policy.html">freely available and with good licenses</a>.
1.32 deraadt 39: We do not directly use cryptography with nasty patents.
1.13 deraadt 40: We also require that such software is from countries with useful export
1.16 deraadt 41: licenses because we do not wish to break the laws of any country.
42: <p>
1.7 deraadt 43:
1.87 brad 44: OpenBSD was the first operating system to ship with an IPsec stack.
1.102 brad 45: We've been including IPsec since the OpenBSD 2.1 release in 1997.
1.66 deraadt 46: <p>
47:
1.114 jufi 48: <a name="ssh"></a>
49: <h3><font color="#e00000">OpenSSH</font></h3><p>
1.39 louis 50:
1.55 deraadt 51: As of the 2.6 release, OpenBSD contains
1.50 provos 52: <a href="http://www.openssh.com/">OpenSSH</a>, an absolutely free and
1.128 david 53: patent unencumbered version of ssh.
1.55 deraadt 54: <a href="http://www.openssh.com/">OpenSSH</a> interoperated with ssh
55: version 1 and had many added features,
1.47 provos 56: <ul>
57: <li>
1.88 brad 58: all components of a restrictive nature (i.e., patents, see
1.114 jufi 59: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ssl&sektion=8">ssl(8)</a>)
1.55 deraadt 60: had been directly removed from the source code; any licensed or
61: patented components used external libraries.
1.47 provos 62: <li>
1.55 deraadt 63: had been updated to support ssh protocol 1.5.
1.47 provos 64: <li>
1.55 deraadt 65: supported one-time password authentication with
1.114 jufi 66: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=skey&sektion=1">skey(1)</a>.
1.47 provos 67: </ul>
68: <p>
69:
1.93 deraadt 70: Roughly said, we took a free license release of ssh, OpenBSD-ifyed it.
71: About a year later, we extended OpenSSH to also do SSH 2 protocol, the
72: result being support for all 3 major SSH protocols: 1.3, 1.5, 2.0.
1.69 deraadt 73:
74: <p>
1.114 jufi 75: <a name="people"></a>
76: <h3><font color="#e00000">International Cryptographers Wanted</font></h3><p>
1.32 deraadt 77:
78: Of course, our project needs people to work on these systems. If any
79: non-American cryptographer who meets the constraints listed earlier is
80: interested in helping out with embedded cryptography in OpenBSD,
81: please contact us.<p>
82:
1.33 deraadt 83: <p>
1.114 jufi 84: <a name="papers"></a>
85: <h3><font color="#e00000">Further Reading</font></h3><p>
1.33 deraadt 86:
87: A number of papers have been written by OpenBSD team members, about
88: cryptographic changes they have done in OpenBSD. The postscript
1.34 deraadt 89: versions of these documents are available as follows.<p>
1.33 deraadt 90:
91: <ul>
1.43 deraadt 92: <li>A Future-Adaptable Password Scheme.<br>
1.114 jufi 93: <a href="events.html#usenix99">Usenix 1999</a>,
94: by <a href="mailto:provos@openbsd.org">Niels Provos</a>,
95: <a href="mailto:dm@openbsd.org">David Mazieres</a>.<br>
96: <a href="papers/bcrypt-paper.ps">paper</a> and
97: <a href="papers/bcrypt-slides.ps">slides</a>.
1.43 deraadt 98: <p>
99: <li>Cryptography in OpenBSD: An Overview.<br>
1.114 jufi 100: <a href="events.html#usenix99">Usenix 1999</a>,
101: by <a href="mailto:deraadt@openbsd.org">Theo de Raadt</a>,
102: <a href="mailto:niklas@openbsd.org">Niklas Hallqvist</a>,
103: <a href="mailto:art@openbsd.org">Artur Grabowski</a>,
104: <a href="mailto:angelos@openbsd.org">Angelos D. Keromytis</a>,
105: <a href="mailto:provos@openbsd.org">Niels Provos</a>.<br>
106: <a href="papers/crypt-paper.ps">paper</a> and
107: <a href="papers/crypt-slides.ps">slides</a>.
1.62 niklas 108: <p>
109: <li>Implementing Internet Key Exchange (IKE).<br>
1.114 jufi 110: <a href="events.html#usenix2000">Usenix 2000</a>,
111: by <a href="mailto:niklas@openbsd.org">Niklas Hallqvist</a> and
112: <a href="mailto:angelos@openbsd.org">Angelos D. Keromytis</a>.<br>
113: <a href="papers/ikepaper.ps">paper</a> and
114: <a href="papers/ikeslides.ps">slides</a>.
115: <p>
116: <li>Encrypting Virtual Memory.<br>
117: <a href="events.html#sec2000">Usenix Security 2000</a>,
118: <a href="mailto:provos@openbsd.org">Niels Provos</a>.<br>
1.128 david 119: <a href="papers/swapencrypt.ps">paper</a> and
1.114 jufi 120: <a href="papers/swapencrypt-slides.ps">slides</a>.
1.121 jason 121: <p>
122: <li>The Design of the OpenBSD Cryptographic Framework.<br>
123: <a href="events.html#usenix2003">Usenix 2003</a>, by
124: <a href="mailto:angelos@openbsd.org">Angelos D. Keromytis</a>,
125: <a href="mailto:jason@openbsd.org">Jason L. Wright</a>, and
126: <a href="mailto:deraadt@openbsd.org">Theo de Raadt</a>.<br>
127: <a href="papers/ocf.pdf">paper</a>.
1.133 steven 128: <p>
1.132 jason 129: <li>Cryptography As an Operating System Service: A Case Study.<br>
1.133 steven 130: <a href="http://www.acm.org/tocs/">ACM Transactions on Computer Systems</a>,
1.132 jason 131: February 2006, by
132: <a href="mailto:angelos@openbsd.org">Angelos D. Keromytis</a>,
133: <a href="mailto:jason@openbsd.org">Jason L. Wright</a>, and
134: <a href="mailto:deraadt@openbsd.org">Theo de Raadt</a>.<br>
135: <a href="papers/crypt-service.pdf">paper</a>.
1.33 deraadt 136: </ul>
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