Annotation of www/innovations.html, Revision 1.67
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12:
13: <h2>
1.59 job 14: <a href="index.html">
15: <i><font color="#0000ff">Open</font></i><font color="#000084">BSD</font></a>
16: <font color="#e00000">Innovations</font>
1.32 tj 17: </h2>
1.31 deraadt 18: <hr>
1.32 tj 19: <p>
1.59 job 20: This is a list of software and ideas developed or maintained by the OpenBSD
21: project, sorted in order of approximate introduction. Some of them are
22: explained in detail in our <a href="events.html">research papers</a>.
23: </p>
1.32 tj 24: <hr>
1.1 schwarze 25:
1.59 job 26: <h3>Concepts</h3>
1.1 schwarze 27:
28: <ul>
1.59 job 29: <li>
30: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ipsec.4">ipsec(4)</a>:
31: Started by John Ioannidis, Angelos D. Keromytis, Niels Provos, and
32: Niklas Hallqvist, imported February 20, 1997. OpenBSD was the first
33: free operating system to provide an IPSec stack.
34: </li>
35: <li>
36: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/inet6.4">inet6(4)</a>:
37: First complete integration and adoption of IPv6 led by
38: "Itojun" (Dr. Junichiro Hagino) [WIDE/KAME], Craig Metz [NRL], and
39: Angelos D. Keromytis starting Jan 6, 1999.
40: Almost fully operational Jun 6, 1999 during the
41: <a href="hackathons.html">first OpenBSD hackathon</a>.
42: OpenBSD 2.7.
43: </li>
44: <li>
45: <strong>Privilege separation</strong>:
46: First implemented by
47: <a href="http://www.citi.umich.edu/u/provos/ssh/privsep.html">Niels Provos</a>
48: and Markus Friedl in OpenSSH in March 2002, released with OpenBSD 3.2.
49: The concept is now used in many OpenBSD programs, for example
50: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bgpd.8">bgpd(8)</a>,
51: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dhclient.8">dhclient(8)</a>,
52: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dhcpd.8">dhcpd(8)</a>,
53: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dvmrpd.8">dvmrpd(8)</a>,
54: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/eigrpd.8">eigrpd(8)</a>,
55: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/file.1">file(1)</a>,
56: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/httpd.8">httpd(8)</a>,
57: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/iked.8">iked(8)</a>,
58: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ldapd.8">ldapd(8)</a>,
59: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ldpd.8">ldpd(8)</a>,
60: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mountd.8">mountd(8)</a>,
61: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/npppd.8">npppd(8)</a>,
62: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ntpd.8">ntpd(8)</a>,
63: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ospfd.8">ospfd(8)</a>,
64: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ospf6d.8">ospf6d(8)</a>,
65: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pflogd.8">pflogd(8)</a>,
66: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/radiusd.8">radiusd(8)</a>,
1.67 ! schwarze 67: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/relayd.8">relayd(8)</a>,
1.59 job 68: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ripd.8">ripd(8)</a>,
69: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/script.1">script(1)</a>,
70: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/smtpd.8">smtpd(8)</a>,
71: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/syslogd.8">syslogd(8)</a>,
72: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tcpdump.8">tcpdump(8)</a>,
73: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tmux.1">tmux(1)</a>,
74: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/xconsole.1">xconsole(1)</a>,
75: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/xdm.1">xdm(1)</a>,
76: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/Xserver.1">Xserver(1)</a>,
77: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ypldap.8">ypldap(8)</a>,
78: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pkg_add.1">pkg_add(1)</a>,
79: etc.
80: </li>
81: <li>
82: <strong>Privilege revocation</strong>:
83: Related to the work on privilege separation, some programs were refactored
84: to drop privileges while holding onto a tricky resource such as a raw socket,
85: reserved port, or modification-locked bpf(4) descriptor,
86: for example
87: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ping.8">ping(8)</a>,
88: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/traceroute.8">traceroute(8)</a>,
89: etc.
90: </li>
91: <li>
92: <strong>Stack protector</strong>:
93: Developed since 2001 as "propolice" by Hiroaki Etoh. Integrated, and
94: implemented for additional hardware platforms, by Miod Vallat and Theo
95: de Raadt. OpenBSD 3.3 was the first operating system to enable it
96: systemwide by default.
97: </li>
98: <li>
99: <strong>W^X</strong>:
100: First used for sparc, sparc64, alpha, and hppa in OpenBSD 3.3.
101: Strictly enforced by default since OpenBSD 6.0: a program can only
102: violate it if the executable is marked with <code>PT_OPENBSD_WXNEEDED</code>
103: and it is located on a filesystem mounted with the <code>wxallowed</code>
104: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mount.8">mount(8)</a> option.
105: </li>
106: <li>
107: <strong>GOT and PLT protection</strong> by ld.so:
108: first done as part of the W^X work in OpenBSD 3.3, by Dale Rahn and
109: Theo de Raadt. The GOT and PLT regions are read-only outside of ld.so
110: itself. Extended to the .init/.fini sections (constructors and
111: destructors) in OpenBSD 3.4.
112: </li>
113: <li>
114: <strong>ASLR</strong>:
115: OpenBSD 3.4 was the first widely used operating system to
116: provide it by default.
117: </li>
118: <li>
119: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/gcc-local.1">gcc-local(1)</a>
120: __attribute__((__bounded__)) static analysis annotation
121: and checking mechanism:
122: Started by Anil Madhavapeddy on June 26, 2003
123: and ported to GCC 4 by Nicholas Marriott.
124: First released with OpenBSD 3.4.
125: </li>
126: <li>
127: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/malloc.3">malloc(3)</a>
128: randomization implemented by Thierry Deval. Guard pages and randomized (delayed) free added by Ted Unangst.
129: Reimplemented by <a href="papers/eurobsdcon2009/otto-malloc.pdf">Otto Moerbeek</a>
130: for OpenBSD 4.4.
131: </li>
132: <li>
1.65 kurt 133: <strong>Position-independent executables (PIE)</strong>:
1.59 job 134: OpenBSD 5.3 was the first widely used operating system to enable it
135: globally by default, on seven hardware platforms.
1.65 kurt 136: Implemented in November 2008 by
137: <a href="https://www.openbsd.org/papers/nycbsdcon08-pie/">Kurt Miller</a>
138: and enabled by default by
139: <a href="https://www.openbsd.org/papers/asiabsdcon2015-pie-slides.pdf">Pascal Stumpf</a>
140: in August 2012.
1.59 job 141: </li>
142: <li>
143: <strong>Random-data memory</strong>:
144: the ability to specify that a variable should be initialized at load
145: time with random byte values was implemented in OpenBSD 5.3 by Matthew
146: Dempsky.
147: </li>
148: <li>
149: <strong>Stack protector per shared object</strong>:
150: using the random-data memory feature, each shared object was given its
151: own stack protector cookie in OpenBSD 5.3 by Matthew Dempsky.
152: </li>
153: <li>
154: <strong>Static-PIE</strong>:
155: Position-independent static binaries for /bin, /sbin and ramdisks.
1.65 kurt 156: Implemented for OpenBSD 5.7 by Kurt Miller and Mark Kettenis.
1.59 job 157: </li>
158: <li>
159: <strong>SROP</strong>
160: (<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sigreturn.2">sigreturn(2)</a>
161: oriented programming) mitigation: Researched by
162: <a href="http://www.cs.vu.nl/~herbertb/papers/srop_sp14.pdf">Eric Bosman</a>
163: and Herbert Bos in 2014, implemented by Theo de Raadt in May 2016,
164: enabled by default since OpenBSD 6.0.
165: </li>
166: <li>
167: <strong>Library order randomization</strong>:
168: In <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rc.8">rc(8)</a>, re-link
169: <code>libc.so</code>, <code>libcrypto</code>, and <code>ld.so</code>
170: on startup, placing the objects in a random order.
171: Theo de Raadt and Robert Peichaer, May 2016,
172: enabled by default since OpenBSD 6.0 and 6.2.
173: </li>
174: <li>
175: Kernel-assisted lazy-binding for W^X safety in multi-threaded programs.
176: A new syscall <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/kbind.2">kbind(2)</a>
177: permits lazy-binding to be W^X safe in multi-threaded programs.
178: Implemented for OpenBSD 5.9 by Philip Guenther in July 2015.
179: </li>
180: <li>
181: Process layouts in memory tightened to remove execute permission from
182: all segmented, non-instruction data and to remove write permission from
183: data that is only modified during loading and relocation.
184: By combining the RELRO (Read-Only after Relocation) design from the
185: GNU project with the original ASLR work from OpenBSD 3.3 and
186: strict lazy-binding work from OpenBSD 5.9, this is applied to not
187: just a subset of programs and libraries but rather to all programs
188: and libraries.
189: Implemented for OpenBSD 6.1 by Philip Guenther in August 2016.
190: </li>
191: <li>
192: Use of <strong>fork+exec in privilege separated programs</strong>. The
193: strategy is to give each process a fresh & unique address space for
194: ASLR, stack protector -- as protection against address space discovery attacks.
195: Implemented first by
196: Damien Miller (<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a> 2004),
197: Claudio Jeker (<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bgpd.8">bgpd(8)</a>, 2015),
198: Eric Faurot (<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/smtpd.8">smtpd(8)</a>, 2016),
199: Rafael Zalamena (various, 2016), and others.
200: </li>
201: <li>
202: <strong>trapsleds</strong>:
203: Reduction of incidental NOP instructions/sequences in the instruction
204: stream which could be useful potentially for ROP attack methods to
205: innaccurately target gadgets. These NOP sequences are converted into
206: trap sequences where possible. Todd Mortimer and Theo de Raadt, June
207: 2017.
208: </li>
209: <li>
210: <strong>Kernel relinking at boot</strong>:
211: the .o files of the kernel are relinked in random order from a
212: link-kit, before every reboot. This provides substantial interior
213: randomization in the kernel's text and data segments for layout and
214: relative branches/calls. Basically a unique address space for each
215: kernel boot, similar to the userland fork+exec model described above
216: but for the kernel. Theo de Raadt, June 2017.
217: </li>
1.61 deraadt 218: <li>
219: Rearranged i386/amd64 register allocator order in
220: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/clang.1">clang(1)</a>
221: to reduce polymorphic RET instructions:
222: Todd Mortimer, November 20, 2017.
223: </li>
1.64 deraadt 224: <li>
1.66 schwarze 225: <b>MAP_STACK</b> addition to
1.64 deraadt 226: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mmap.2">mmap(2)</a>
227: allows opportunistic verification that the stack-register
228: points at stack memory, therefore catching pivots to non-stack
229: memory (sometimes used in ROP attacks).
230: Theo de Raadt, April 12, 2018.
231: </li>
1.17 mlarkin 232: </ul>
1.1 schwarze 233:
1.59 job 234: <h3>Functions</h3>
1.1 schwarze 235:
236: <ul>
1.59 job 237: <li>
1.62 tj 238: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/issetugid.2">issetugid(2)</a>:
239: Theo de Raadt, August 25, 1996, OpenBSD 2.0
240: </li>
1.63 schwarze 241: <li>
1.59 job 242: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/arc4random.3">arc4random(3)</a>:
243: David Mazieres, December 28, 1996, OpenBSD 2.1
244: </li>
245: <li>
246: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bcrypt.3">bcrypt(3)</a>:
247: Implemented by <a href="https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/usenix99/provos/provos_html/node1.html">Niels Provos and David Mazieres</a>
248: Imported February 13, 1997 and first released with OpenBSD 2.1.
249: </li>
250: <li>
251: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/strlcpy.3">strlcpy(3)</a>,
252: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/strlcat.3">strlcat(3)</a>:
253: Todd Miller and Theo de Raadt, July 1, 1998, OpenBSD 2.4
254: </li>
255: <li>
256: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/strtonum.3">strtonum(3)</a>:
257: Ted Unangst, Todd Miller, and Theo de Raadt, May 3, 2004, OpenBSD 3.6
258: </li>
259: <li>
260: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/imsg_init.3">imsg</a>:
261: Message passing API, written by Henning Brauer.
262: In libutil since May 26, 2010, OpenBSD 4.8;
263: used by various daemons before that.
264: </li>
265: <li>
266: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/timingsafe_bcmp.3">timingsafe_bcmp(3)</a>:
267: Damien Miller, July 13, 2010, OpenBSD 4.9
268: </li>
269: <li>
270: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/explicit_bzero.3">explicit_bzero(3)</a>:
271: Ted Unangst and Matthew Dempsky, January 22, 2014, OpenBSD 5.5
272: </li>
273: <li>
274: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ohash_init.3">ohash</a>:
275: Written and maintained by Marc Espie.
276: In libutil since May 12, 2014, OpenBSD 5.6;
277: used by make(1) and m4(1) before that.
278: </li>
279: <li>
280: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/asr_run.3">asr</a>:
281: Replacement resolver written and maintained by Eric Faurot.
282: Imported April 14, 2012; activated on March 26, 2014, OpenBSD 5.6.
283: </li>
284: <li>
285: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/reallocarray.3">reallocarray(3)</a>:
286: Theo de Raadt and Ted Unangst, April 22, 2014, OpenBSD 5.6
287: </li>
288: <li>
289: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/getentropy.2">getentropy(2)</a>:
290: Matthew Dempsky and Theo de Raadt, June 13, 2014, OpenBSD 5.6
291: </li>
292: <li>
293: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sendsyslog.2">sendsyslog(2)</a>:
294: Theo de Raadt, July 10, 2014, OpenBSD 5.6
295: </li>
296: <li>
297: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/timingsafe_memcmp.3">timingsafe_memcmp(3)</a>:
298: Matthew Dempsky, July 13, 2014, OpenBSD 5.6
299: </li>
300: <li>
301: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pledge.2">pledge(2)</a>:
302: Theo de Raadt, July 19, 2015, OpenBSD 5.9
303: </li>
304: <li>
305: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/getpwnam_shadow.3">getpwnam_shadow(3)</a>,
306: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/getpwuid_shadow.3">getpwuid_shadow(3)</a>:
307: Ted Unangst and Theo de Raadt, November 18, 2015, OpenBSD 5.9
308: </li>
309: <li>
310: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/recallocarray.3">recallocarray(3)</a>:
311: Otto Moerbeek, Joel Sing and Theo de Raadt, March 6, 2017, OpenBSD 6.1
312: </li>
313: <li>
314: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/freezero.3">freezero(3)</a>:
315: Otto Moerbeek, April 10, 2017, OpenBSD 6.2
1.60 deraadt 316: </li>
1.16 deraadt 317: </ul>
318:
1.59 job 319:
320: <h3>Programs and subsystems</h3>
1.16 deraadt 321:
322: <ul>
1.59 job 323: <li>
324: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ypbind.8">ypbind(8)</a>,
325: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ypset.8">ypset(8)</a>,
326: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ypcat.1">ypcat(1)</a>,
327: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ypmatch.1">ypmatch(1)</a>,
328: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ypwhich.1">ypwhich(1)</a>,
329: and libc support: Started by Theo de Raadt.
330: Imported April 26, 1993 and first released with NetBSD 0.9.
331: </li>
332: <li>
333: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ypserv.8">ypserv(8)</a>:
334: Started by Mats O. Jansson in 1994.
335: Imported October 23, 1995 and first released with OpenBSD 2.0.
336: </li>
337: <li>
338: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mopd.8">mopd(8)</a>:
339: Started by Mats O. Jansson in 1993.
340: Imported September 21, 1996 and first released with OpenBSD 2.0.
341: </li>
342: <li>
343: <a href="anoncvs.html">AnonCVS</a>:
344: Designed and implemented by Chuck Cranor and Theo de Raadt in 1995
345: (<a href="papers/anoncvs-paper.pdf">paper</a>,
346: <a href="papers/anoncvs-slides.pdf">slides</a>)
347: </li>
348: <li>
349: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/aucat.1">aucat(1)</a>:
350: Started by Kenneth Stailey.
351: Imported January 2, 1997 and first released with OpenBSD 2.1.
352: Now maintained by Alexandre Ratchov.
353: </li>
354: <li>
355: <a href="https://www.openssh.com/">OpenSSH</a>
356: including <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh.1">ssh(1)</a>,
357: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/scp.1">scp(1)</a>,
358: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sftp.1">sftp(1)</a>,
359: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-add.1">ssh-add(1)</a>,
360: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-agent.1">ssh-agent(1)</a>,
361: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ssh-keygen.1">ssh-keygen(1)</a>,
362: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sshd.8">sshd(8)</a>,
363: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sftp-server.8">sftp-server(8)</a>:
364: Started by Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck, Dug Song, Markus Friedl,
365: Niels Provos, and Theo de Raadt
366: as a fork of SSH 1.2.12 by Tatu Ylonen.
367: Imported September 26, 1999 and first released with OpenBSD 2.6.
368: Now maintained by Markus Friedl, Damien Miller, Darren Tucker, and
369: Theo de Raadt.
370: </li>
371: <li>
372: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mg.1">mg(1)</a>:
373: Started by Dave Conroy in November 1986.
374: Imported February 25, 2000 and first released with OpenBSD 2.7.
375: Now maintained by Mark Lumsden.
376: </li>
377: <li>
378: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/m4.1">m4(1)</a>:
379: Originally implemented by Ozan Yigit and Richard A. O'Keefe for 4.3BSD-Reno.
380: Considerably extended and maintained by Marc Espie since 1999.
381: </li>
382: <li>
383: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pf.4">pf(4)</a>,
384: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pfctl.8">pfctl(8)</a>,
385: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pflogd.8">pflogd(8)</a>,
386: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/authpf.8">authpf(8)</a>,
387: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ftp-proxy.8">ftp-proxy(8)</a>:
388: Started by Daniel Hartmeier as a replacement for the non-free ipf by
389: Darren Reed. Imported June 24, 2001 and first released with OpenBSD
390: 3.0. Now maintained by Henning Brauer.
391: </li>
392: <li>
393: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/OpenBSD-5.9/systrace.4">systrace(4)</a>,
394: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/OpenBSD-5.9/systrace.1">systrace(1)</a>:
395: Started by Niels Provos.
396: Imported June 4, 2002 and first released with OpenBSD 3.2.
397: Deleted after OpenBSD 5.9 because
398: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pledge.2">pledge(2)</a> is even better.
399: </li>
400: <li>
401: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/spamd.8">spamd(8)</a>:
402: Written by Bob Beck. Imported December 21, 2002 and first released with
403: OpenBSD 3.3.
404: </li>
405: <li>
406: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dc.1">dc(1)</a>:
407: Written and maintained by Otto Moerbeek.
408: Imported September 19, 2003 and first released with OpenBSD 3.5.
409: </li>
410: <li>
411: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bc.1">bc(1)</a>:
412: Written and maintained by Otto Moerbeek.
413: Imported September 25, 2003 and first released with OpenBSD 3.5.
414: </li>
415: <li>
416: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sensorsd.8">sensorsd(8)</a>:
417: Started by Henning Brauer.
418: Imported September 24, 2003 and first released with OpenBSD 3.5.
419: Reworked by Constantine A. Murenin.
420: </li>
421: <li>
422: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pkg_add.1">pkg_add(1)</a>:
423: Written and maintained by Marc Espie.
424: Imported October 16, 2003 and first released with OpenBSD 3.5.
425: </li>
426: <li>
427: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/carp.4">carp(4)</a>:
428: Written by Mickey Shalayeff, Markus Friedl, Marco Pfatschbacher,
429: and Ryan McBride.
430: Imported October 17, 2003 and first released with OpenBSD 3.5.
431: </li>
432: <li>
433: <a href="http://www.openbgpd.org/">OpenBGPD</a>
434: including <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bgpd.8">bgpd(8)</a>
435: and <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bgpctl.8">bgpctl(8)</a>:
436: Written and maintained by Henning Brauer and Claudio Jeker,
437: and also maintained by Peter Hessler.
438: Imported December 17, 2003 and first released with OpenBSD 3.5.
439: </li>
440: <li>
441: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dhclient.8">dhclient(8)</a>:
442: Started by Ted Lemon and Elliot Poger in 1996.
443: Imported January 18, 2004 and first released with OpenBSD 3.5.
444: Reworked by Henning Brauer.
445: Now maintained by Kenneth Westerback.
446: </li>
447: <li>
448: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dhcpd.8">dhcpd(8)</a>:
449: Started by Ted Lemon in 1995.
450: Imported April 13, 2004 and first released with OpenBSD 3.6.
451: Reworked by Henning Brauer.
452: Now maintained by Kenneth Westerback.
453: </li>
454: <li>
455: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/hotplugd.8">hotplugd(8)</a>:
456: Started by Alexander Yurchenko.
457: Imported May 30, 2004 and first released with OpenBSD 3.6.
458: </li>
459: <li>
460: <a href="http://www.openntpd.org/">OpenNTPD</a>
461: including <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ntpd.8">ntpd(8)</a>
462: and <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ntpctl.8">ntpctl(8)</a>:
463: Written and maintained by Henning Brauer.
464: Imported May 31, 2004 and first released with OpenBSD 3.6.
465: Portable version maintained by Brent Cook.
466: </li>
467: <li>
468: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dpb.1">dpb(1)</a>:
469: Started by Nikolay Sturm on August 10, 2004; first available for OpenBSD 3.6.
470: Rewritten and maintained by Marc Espie since August 20, 2010.
471: </li>
472: <li>
473: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ospfd.8">ospfd(8)</a>,
474: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ospfctl.8">ospfctl(8)</a>:
475: Started by Esben Norby and Claudio Jeker.
476: Imported January 28, 2005 and first released with OpenBSD 3.7.
477: </li>
478: <li>
479: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ifstated.8">ifstated(8)</a>:
480: Started by Marco Pfatschbacher and Ryan McBride.
481: Imported January 23, 2004 and first released with OpenBSD 3.8.
482: </li>
483: <li>
484: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/bioctl.8">bioctl(8)</a>:
485: Started by Marco Peereboom.
486: Imported March 29, 2005 and first released with OpenBSD 3.8.
487: </li>
488: <li>
489: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/hostapd.8">hostapd(8)</a>:
490: Written and maintained by Reyk Floeter.
491: Imported May 26, 2005 and first released with OpenBSD 3.8.
492: </li>
493: <li>
494: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/watchdogd.8">watchdogd(8)</a>:
495: Started by Marc Balmer.
496: Imported August 8, 2005 and first released with OpenBSD 3.8.
497: </li>
498: <li>
499: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sdiff.1">sdiff(1)</a>:
500: Written by Ray Lai.
501: Imported December 27, 2005 and first released with OpenBSD 3.9.
502: </li>
503: <li>
504: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dvmrpd.8">dvmrpd(8)</a>,
505: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/dvmrpctl.8">dvmrpctl(8)</a>:
506: Started by Esben Norby.
507: Imported June 1, 2006 and first released with OpenBSD 4.0.
508: </li>
509: <li>
510: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ripd.8">ripd(8)</a>,
511: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ripctl.8">ripctl(8)</a>:
512: Started by Michele Marchetto.
513: Imported October 18, 2006 and first released with OpenBSD 4.1.
514: </li>
515: <li>
516: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pkg-config.1">pkg-config(1)</a>:
517: Started by Chris Kuethe and Marc Espie.
518: Imported November 27, 2006 and first released with OpenBSD 4.1.
519: Now maintained by Jasper Lievisse Adriaanse.
520: </li>
521: <li>
522: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/relayd.8">relayd(8)</a>
523: with <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/relayctl.8">relayctl(8)</a>:
524: Started by Pierre-Yves Ritschard and Reyk Floeter.
525: Imported December 16, 2006 and first released with OpenBSD 4.1.
526: Now maintained by Reyk Floeter and Sebastian Benoit.<br/>
527: </li>
528: <li>
529: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/cwm.1">cwm(1)</a>:
530: Started by <a href="http://monkey.org/~marius/cwm/README">Marius
531: Aamodt Eriksen</A> in 2004.
532: Imported April 27, 2007 and first released with OpenBSD 4.2.
533: Now maintained by Okan Demirmen.
534: <a href="https://github.com/chneukirchen/cwm">Portable version</a>
535: maintained by Leah Neukirchen.
536: </li>
537: <li>
538: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ospf6d.8">ospf6d(8)</a>,
539: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ospf6ctl.8">ospf6ctl(8)</a>:
540: Started by Esben Norby and Claudio Jeker.
541: Imported October 8, 2007 and first released with OpenBSD 4.2.
542: </li>
543: <li>
544: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/libtool.1">libtool(1)</a>:
545: Written by Steven Mestdagh and Marc Espie.
546: Imported October 28, 2007 and first available for OpenBSD 4.3.
547: Now maintained by Marc Espie, Jasper Lievisse Adriaanse,
548: and Antoine Jacoutot.
549: </li>
550: <li>
551: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/snmpd.8">snmpd(8)</a>,
552: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/snmpctl.8">snmpctl(8)</a>:
553: Started by Reyk Floeter.
554: Imported December 5, 2007 and first released with OpenBSD 4.3.
555: Maintained by Reyk Floeter and Bret Lambert.
556: </li>
557: <li>
558: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sysmerge.8">sysmerge(8)</a>:
559: Written and maintained by Antoine Jacoutot,
560: originally forked from mergemaster by Douglas Barton.
561: Imported April 22, 2008, first released with OpenBSD 4.4.
562: </li>
563: <li>
564: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ypldap.8">ypldap(8)</a>:
565: Started by Pierre-Yves Ritschard.
566: Imported June 26, 2008 and first released with OpenBSD 4.4.
567: </li>
568: <li>
569: <a href="https://www.opensmtpd.org/">OpenSMTPD</a>
570: including <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/smtpd.8">smtpd(8)</a>,
571: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/smtpctl.8">smtpctl(8)</a>,
572: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/makemap.8">makemap(8)</a>:
573: Started by Gilles Chehade.
574: Imported November 1, 2008 and first released with OpenBSD 4.6.
575: Now maintained by Gilles Chehade and Eric Faurot.
576: </li>
577: <li>
578: <a href="http://tmux.github.io/">tmux</a>,
579: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tmux.1">tmux(1)</a>:
580: Started in 2007 and maintained by Nicholas Marriott.
581: Imported June 1, 2009, first released with OpenBSD 4.6.
582: </li>
583: <li>
584: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ldpd.8">ldpd(8)</a>,
585: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ldpctl.8">ldpctl(8)</a>:
586: Started by Michele Marchetto.
587: Imported June 1, 2009 and first released with OpenBSD 4.6.
588: Now maintained by Claudio Jeker.
589: </li>
590: <li>
591: <a href="http://mdocml.bsd.lv/">mandoc</a>
592: including <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mandoc.1">mandoc(1)</a>,
593: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/man.1">man(1)</a>,
594: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/apropos.1">apropos(1)</a>,
595: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/makewhatis.8">makewhatis(8)</a>,
1.67 ! schwarze 596: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/man.cgi.8">man.cgi(8)</a>:
1.59 job 597: Started by Kristaps Dzonsons in November 2008.
598: Imported April 6, 2009, first released with OpenBSD 4.8.
599: Now maintained by Ingo Schwarze.
600: </li>
601: <li>
602: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ldapd.8">ldapd(8)</a>,
603: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ldapctl.8">ldapctl(8)</a>:
604: Written by Martin Hedenfalk.
605: Imported May 31, 2010 and first released with OpenBSD 4.8.
606: </li>
607: <li>
608: <a href="http://www.openiked.org/">OpenIKED</a>
609: including <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/iked.8">iked(8)</a>
610: and <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ikectl.8">ikectl(8)</a>:
611: Started by Reyk Floeter.
612: Imported June 3, 2010 and first released with OpenBSD 4.8.
613: Now maintained by Reyk Floeter and Mike Belopuhov.
614: </li>
615: <li>
616: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/iscsid.8">iscsid(8)</a>,
617: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/iscsictl.8">iscsictl(8)</a>:
618: Written and maintained by Claudio Jeker.
619: Imported September 24, 2010 and first released with OpenBSD 4.9.
620: </li>
621: <li>
622: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rc.d.8">rc.d(8)</a>,
623: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rc.subr.8">rc.subr(8)</a>:
624: Written and maintained by Robert Nagy and Antoine Jacoutot.
625: Imported October 26, 2010 and first released with OpenBSD 4.9.
626: </li>
627: <li>
628: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/tftpd.8">tftpd(8)</a>:
629: Written and maintained by David Gwynne.
630: Imported March 2, 2012 and first released with OpenBSD 5.2.
631: </li>
632: <li>
633: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/npppd.8">npppd(8)</a>,
634: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/npppctl.8">npppctl(8)</a>:
635: Started by Internet Initiative Japan Inc.
636: Imported January 11, 2010, first released with OpenBSD 5.3.
637: Maintained by YASUOKA Masahiko.
638: </li>
639: <li>
640: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ldomd.8">ldomd(8)</a>,
641: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ldomctl.8">ldomctl(8)</a>:
642: Written and maintained by Mark Kettenis.
643: Imported October 26, 2012 and first released with OpenBSD 5.3.
644: </li>
645: <li>
646: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/sndiod.8">sndiod(8)</a>:
647: Written and maintained by Alexandre Ratchov.
648: Imported November 23, 2012 and first released with OpenBSD 5.3.
649: </li>
650: <li>
651: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/cu.1">cu(1)</a>:
652: Written and maintained by Nicholas Marriott.
653: Imported July 10, 2012 and first released with OpenBSD 5.4.
654: </li>
655: <li>
656: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/identd.8">identd(8)</a>:
657: Written and maintained by David Gwynne.
658: Imported March 18, 2013 and first released with OpenBSD 5.4.
659: </li>
660: <li>
661: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/slowcgi.8">slowcgi(8)</a>:
662: Written and maintained by Florian Obser.
663: Imported May 23, 2013 and first released with OpenBSD 5.4.
664: </li>
665: <li>
666: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/signify.1">signify(1)</a>:
667: Written and maintained by <a href="http://www.tedunangst.com/flak/post/signify">Ted Unangst</a>.
668: Imported December 31, 2013 and first released with OpenBSD 5.5.
669: </li>
670: <li>
671: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/htpasswd.1">htpasswd(1)</a>:
672: Written and maintained by Florian Obser.
673: Imported March 17, 2014 and first released with OpenBSD 5.6.
674: </li>
675: <li>
676: <a href="https://www.libressl.org/">LibreSSL</a>:
677: Started by Ted Unangst, Bob Beck, Joel Sing, Miod Vallat, Philip Guenther,
678: and Theo de Raadt on April 13, 2014, as a fork of OpenSSL 1.0.1g.
679: First released with OpenBSD 5.6.
680: Portable version maintained by Brent Cook.
681: </li>
682: <li>
683: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/httpd.8">httpd(8)</a>:
684: Started by Reyk Floeter.
685: Imported July 12, 2014 and first released with OpenBSD 5.6.
686: Maintained by Reyk Floeter and Florian Obser.
687: </li>
688: <li>
689: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rcctl.8">rcctl(8)</a>:
690: Written and maintained by Antoine Jacoutot.
691: Imported August 19, 2014 and first released with OpenBSD 5.7.
692: </li>
693: <li>
694: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/file.1">file(1)</a>:
695: Rewritten from scratch and maintained by Nicholas Marriott.
696: Imported April 24, 2015 and first released with OpenBSD 5.8.
697: </li>
698: <li>
699: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/doas.1">doas(1)</a>:
700: Written and maintained by Ted Unangst.
701: Imported July 16, 2015 and first released with OpenBSD 5.8.
702: </li>
703: <li>
704: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/radiusd.8">radiusd(8)</a>:
705: Written and maintained by YASUOKA Masahiko.
706: Imported July 21, 2015 and first released with OpenBSD 5.8.
707: </li>
708: <li>
709: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/eigrpd.8">eigrpd(8)</a>,
710: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/eigrpctl.8">eigrpctl(8)</a>:
711: Written and maintained by Renato Westphal.
712: Imported October 2, 2015 and first released with OpenBSD 5.9.
713: </li>
714: <li>
715: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rebound.8">rebound(8)</a>:
716: Written and maintained by Ted Unangst.
717: Imported October 15, 2015 and first released with OpenBSD 5.9.
718: </li>
719: <li>
720: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/vmm.4">vmm(4)</a>,
721: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/vmd.8">vmd(8)</a>,
722: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/vmctl.8">vmctl(8)</a>:
723: Written and maintained by Mike Larkin and Reyk Floeter.
724: Imported November 13, 2015 and first released with OpenBSD 5.9.
725: </li>
726: <li>
727: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/pdisk.8">pdisk(8)</a>:
728: Originally written by Eryk Vershen in 1996-1998,
729: rewritten and maintained by Kenneth Westerback since January 11, 2016
730: and first released with OpenBSD 5.9.
731: </li>
732: <li>
733: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/mknod.8">mknod(8)</a>:
734: Original version from Version 6 AT&T UNIX (1975),
735: last rewritten by Marc Espie on March 5, 2016
736: and first released with OpenBSD 6.0.
737: </li>
738: <li>
739: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/audioctl.1">audioctl(1)</a>:
740: Originally written by Lennart Augustsson in 1997,
741: rewritten and maintained by Alexandre Ratchov since June 21, 2016
742: and first released with OpenBSD 6.0.
743: </li>
744: <li>
745: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/switchd.8">switchd(8)</a>,
746: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/switchctl.8">switchctl(8)</a>:
747: Written and maintained by Reyk Floeter.
748: Imported July 19, 2016; released with OpenBSD 6.1.
749: </li>
750: <li>
751: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/acme-client.1">acme-client(1)</a>:
752: Written by Kristaps Dzonsons, imported August 31, 2016; released
753: with OpenBSD 6.1.
754: </li>
755: <li>
756: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/syspatch.8">syspatch(8)</a>:
757: Written and maintained by Antoine Jacoutot.
758: Imported September 5, 2016; released with OpenBSD 6.1.
759: </li>
760: <li>
761: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ping.8">ping(8)</a>:
762: Restructured to include IPv6 functionality and maintained by Florian Obser.
763: The separate
764: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/OpenBSD-6.0/ping6.8">ping6(8)</a>
765: was superseded on September 17, 2016,
766: and the new, combined version was released with OpenBSD 6.1.
767: </li>
768: <li>
769: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/xenodm.1">xenodm(1)</a>:
770: Cleaned-up fork of
771: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/OpenBSD-6.0/xdm.1">xdm(1)</a>
772: maintained by Matthieu Herrb.
773: Imported October 23, 2016; released with OpenBSD 6.1.
774: </li>
775: <li>
776: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/ocspcheck.8">ocspcheck(8)</a>:
777: Written and maintained by Bob Beck.
778: Imported January 24, 2017; released with OpenBSD 6.1.
779: </li>
780: <li>
781: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/slaacd.8">slaacd(8)</a>:
782: Written and maintained by Florian Obser.
783: Imported March 18, 2017; released with OpenBSD 6.2.
1.66 schwarze 784: </li>
785: <li>
786: <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/rad.8">rad(8)</a>:
787: Written and maintained by Florian Obser.
788: Imported July 10, 2018.
1.59 job 789: </li>
1.1 schwarze 790: </ul>
791:
1.11 deraadt 792: <h3>Projects maintained by OpenBSD developers outside OpenBSD</h3>
1.1 schwarze 793:
794: <ul>
1.59 job 795: <li>
796: <a href="http://www.sudo.ws/">sudo</a>:
797: Started by Bob Coggeshall and Cliff Spencer around 1980.
798: Imported November 18, 1999, first released with OpenBSD 2.7.
799: Now maintained by Todd Miller.
800: </li>
801: <li>
802: <a href="http://bulabula.org/femail/">femail</a>:
803: Written and maintained by Henning Brauer.
804: Started in 2005, port available since September 22, 2005.
805: </li>
806: <li>
807: <a href="http://www.midish.org/">midish</a>:
808: Written and maintained by Alexandre Ratchov.
809: Started in 2003, port available since November 4, 2005.
810: </li>
811: <li>
812: <a href="https://github.com/nicm/fdm">fdm</a>:
813: Written and maintained by Nicholas Marriott.
814: Started in 2006, port available since January 18, 2007.
815: </li>
816: <li>
817: <a href="https://github.com/ajacoutot/toad/">toad</a>:
818: Written and maintained by Antoine Jacoutot.
819: Started in 2013, port available since October 8, 2013.
820: </li>
821: <li>
822: <a href="http://jasperla.github.io/portroach/">portroach</a>:
823: Written and maintained by Jasper Lievisse Adriaanse,
824: originally forked from FreeBSD's portscout.
825: Started in 2014, port available since September 5, 2014.
826: </li>
827: <li>
828: <a href="https://github.com/yasuoka/cvs2gitdump">cvs2gitdump</a>:
829: Written and maintained by YASUOKA Masahiko.
830: Started in 2012, port available since August 1, 2016.
831: </li>
1.1 schwarze 832: </ul>
833:
834: </body>
835: </html>
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