Annotation of www/security.html, Revision 1.186
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1.20 deraadt 4: <title>OpenBSD Security</title>
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1.77 deraadt 14: <img alt="[OpenBSD]" height=30 width=141 SRC="images/smalltitle.gif">
1.106 deraadt 15: <p>
1.110 deraadt 16: <h2><font color=#e00000>Security</font><hr></h2>
1.1 deraadt 17:
1.114 philen 18: <table width="100%">
19: <tr>
20: <td colspan="2">
21: <strong>Index</strong>
22: </td>
23: </tr>
24: <tr>
25: <td valign="top">
1.106 deraadt 26: <a href=#goals>Security goals of the Project</a>.<br>
27: <a href=#disclosure>Full Disclosure policy</a>.<br>
28: <a href=#process>Source code auditing process</a>.<br>
1.111 aaron 29: <a href=#default>"Secure by Default"</a>.<br>
1.106 deraadt 30: <a href=#crypto>Use of Cryptography</a>.<br>
31: <p>
32: <a href=#watching>Watching changes</a>.<br>
33: <a href=#reporting>Reporting security issues</a>.<br>
1.107 deraadt 34: <a href=#papers>Further Reading</a><br>
1.106 deraadt 35: <p>
1.114 philen 36: </td>
37: <td valign="top">
1.173 deraadt 38: <a href="#29">For 2.9 security advisories</a>.<br>
1.152 deraadt 39: <a href="#28">For 2.8 security advisories</a>.<br>
1.124 deraadt 40: <a href="#27">For 2.7 security advisories</a>.<br>
1.119 deraadt 41: <a href="#26">For 2.6 security advisories</a>.<br>
1.114 philen 42: <a href="#25">For 2.5 security advisories</a>.<br>
43: <a href="#24">For 2.4 security advisories</a>.<br>
44: <a href="#23">For 2.3 security advisories</a>.<br>
45: <a href="#22">For 2.2 security advisories</a>.<br>
46: <a href="#21">For 2.1 security advisories</a>.<br>
47: <a href="#20">For 2.0 security advisories</a>.<br>
48: </td>
49: </tr>
50: </table>
1.56 deraadt 51: <hr>
52:
1.106 deraadt 53: <dl>
54: <a name=goals></a>
1.110 deraadt 55: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Goal</font></h3><p>
1.22 deraadt 56:
1.14 deraadt 57: OpenBSD believes in strong security. Our aspiration is to be NUMBER
1.22 deraadt 58: ONE in the industry for security (if we are not already there). Our
59: open software development model permits us to take a more
60: uncompromising view towards increased security than Sun, SGI, IBM, HP,
61: or other vendors are able to. We can make changes the vendors would
1.27 deraadt 62: not make. Also, since OpenBSD is exported with <a href=crypto.html>
1.45 deraadt 63: cryptography</a>, we are able to take cryptographic approaches towards
64: fixing security problems.<p>
1.18 deraadt 65:
1.106 deraadt 66: <a name=disclosure></a>
1.110 deraadt 67: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Full Disclosure</font></h3><p>
1.106 deraadt 68:
1.45 deraadt 69: Like many readers of the
1.102 deraadt 70: <a href=http://www.securityfocus.com/bugtraq/archive>
1.18 deraadt 71: BUGTRAQ mailing list</a>,
1.106 deraadt 72: we believe in full disclosure of security problems. In the
73: operating system arena, we were probably the first to embrace
74: the concept. Many vendors, even of free software, still try
75: to hide issues from their users.<p>
76:
77: Security information moves very fast in cracker circles. On the other
78: hand, our experience is that coding and releasing of proper security
79: fixes typically requires about an hour of work -- very fast fix
80: turnaround is possible. Thus we think that full disclosure helps the
81: people who really care about security.<p>
82:
1.153 jufi 83: <a name=process></a>
1.110 deraadt 84: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Audit Process</font></h3><p>
1.15 deraadt 85:
1.12 deraadt 86: Our security auditing team typically has between six and twelve
1.45 deraadt 87: members who continue to search for and fix new security holes. We
88: have been auditing since the summer of 1996. The process we follow to
89: increase security is simply a comprehensive file-by-file analysis of
1.106 deraadt 90: every critical software component. We are not so much looking for
91: security holes, as we are looking for basic software bugs, and if
1.138 deraadt 92: years later someone discovers the problem used to be a security
1.106 deraadt 93: issue, and we fixed it because it was just a bug, well, all the
94: better. Flaws have been found in just about every area of the system.
95: Entire new classes of security problems have been found during our
96: audit, and often source code which had been audited earlier needs
97: re-auditing with these new flaws in mind. Code often gets audited
98: multiple times, and by multiple people with different auditing
99: skills.<p>
1.12 deraadt 100:
1.94 deraadt 101: Some members of our security auditing team worked for Secure Networks,
102: the company that made the industry's premier network security scanning
103: software package Ballista (Secure Networks got purchased by Network
104: Associates, Ballista got renamed to Cybercop Scanner, and well...)
105: That company did a lot of security research, and thus fit in well
1.106 deraadt 106: with the OpenBSD stance. OpenBSD passed Ballista's tests with flying
107: colours since day 1.<p>
1.31 deraadt 108:
1.34 deraadt 109: Another facet of our security auditing process is its proactiveness.
1.45 deraadt 110: In most cases we have found that the determination of exploitability
111: is not an issue. During our ongoing auditing process we find many
112: bugs, and endeavor to fix them even though exploitability is not
113: proven. We fix the bug, and we move on to find other bugs to fix. We
114: have fixed many simple and obvious careless programming errors in code
115: and only months later discovered that the problems were in fact
116: exploitable. (Or, more likely someone on
1.102 deraadt 117: <a href=http://www.securityfocus.com/bugtraq/archive>BUGTRAQ</a>
1.45 deraadt 118: would report that other operating systems were vulnerable to a `newly
119: discovered problem', and then it would be discovered that OpenBSD had
120: been fixed in a previous release). In other cases we have been saved
121: from full exploitability of complex step-by-step attacks because we
122: had fixed one of the intermediate steps. An example of where we
1.94 deraadt 123: managed such a success is the lpd advisory that Secure Networks put out.
124: <p>
1.29 deraadt 125:
1.110 deraadt 126: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>The Reward</font></h3><p>
1.106 deraadt 127:
1.45 deraadt 128: Our proactive auditing process has really paid off. Statements like
1.35 deraadt 129: ``This problem was fixed in OpenBSD about 6 months ago'' have become
1.45 deraadt 130: commonplace in security forums like
1.102 deraadt 131: <a href=http://www.securityfocus.com/bugtraq/archive>BUGTRAQ</a>.<p>
1.35 deraadt 132:
1.45 deraadt 133: The most intense part of our security auditing happened immediately
1.80 espie 134: before the OpenBSD 2.0 release and during the 2.0->2.1 transition,
1.45 deraadt 135: over the last third of 1996 and first half of 1997. Thousands (yes,
136: thousands) of security issues were fixed rapidly over this year-long
137: period; bugs like the standard buffer overflows, protocol
138: implementation weaknesses, information gathering, and filesystem
139: races. Hence most of the security problems that we encountered were
140: fixed before our 2.1 release, and then a far smaller number needed
141: fixing for our 2.2 release. We do not find as many problems anymore,
142: it is simply a case of diminishing returns. Recently the security
143: problems we find and fix tend to be significantly more obscure or
144: complicated. Still we will persist for a number of reasons:<p>
1.36 deraadt 145:
1.35 deraadt 146: <ul>
1.45 deraadt 147: <li>Occasionally we find a simple problem we missed earlier. Doh!
1.35 deraadt 148: <li>Security is like an arms race; the best attackers will continue
1.45 deraadt 149: to search for more complicated exploits, so we will too.
150: <li>Finding and fixing subtle flaws in complicated software is
151: a lot of fun.
1.35 deraadt 152: </ul>
1.106 deraadt 153: <p>
1.15 deraadt 154:
1.14 deraadt 155: The auditing process is not over yet, and as you can see we continue
1.28 deraadt 156: to find and fix new security flaws.<p>
1.12 deraadt 157:
1.106 deraadt 158: <a name=default></a>
1.110 deraadt 159: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>"Secure by Default"</font></h3><p>
1.106 deraadt 160:
161: To ensure that novice users of OpenBSD do not need to become security
162: experts overnight (a viewpoint which other vendors seem to have), we
163: ship the operating system in a Secure by Default mode. All non-essential
164: services are disabled. As the user/administrator becomes more familiar
165: with the system, he will discover that he has to enable daemons and other
166: parts of the system. During the process of learning how to enable a new
167: service, the novice is more likely to learn of security considerations.<p>
168:
169: This is in stark contrast to the increasing number of systems that
170: ship with NFS, mountd, web servers, and various other services enabled
171: by default, creating instantaneous security problems for their users
172: within minutes after their first install.<p>
173:
1.153 jufi 174: <a name=crypto></a>
1.110 deraadt 175: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Cryptography</font></h3><p>
1.106 deraadt 176:
177: And of course, since the OpenBSD project is based in Canada, it is possible
178: for us to integrate cryptography. For more information, read the page
1.116 deraadt 179: outlining <a href=crypto.html>what we have done with cryptography</a>.</p>
1.106 deraadt 180:
1.110 deraadt 181: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Advisories</font></h3><p>
1.106 deraadt 182:
183: <dl>
184:
185: <li>
1.173 deraadt 186: <a name=29></a>
187:
188: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.9 Security Advisories</font></h3>
189: These are the OpenBSD 2.9 advisories -- all these problems are solved
190: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a> and the
1.179 jufi 191: <a href=stable.html>patch branch</a>.
1.173 deraadt 192:
193: <p>
194: <ul>
1.185 deraadt 195: <li><a href=errata29.html#uucp>September 11, 2001:
1.184 millert 196: A security hole exists in uuxqt(8) that may allow an
197: attacker to gain root privileges.</a>
1.185 deraadt 198: <li><a href=errata29.html#lpd>August 29, 2001:
1.183 millert 199: A security hole exists in lpd(8) that may allow an
200: attacker to gain root privileges if lpd is running.</a>
1.185 deraadt 201: <li><a href=errata29.html#sendmail2>August 21, 2001:
1.181 millert 202: A security hole exists in sendmail(8) that may allow an
203: attacker on the local host to gain root privileges.</a>
1.185 deraadt 204: <li><a href=errata29.html#nfs>July 30, 2001:
1.180 jason 205: A kernel buffer overflow in the NFS code can be used to execute
206: arbitrary code by users with mount privileges (only root by
1.181 millert 207: default).</a>
1.185 deraadt 208: <li><a href=errata29.html#kernexec>June 15, 2001:
1.178 aaron 209: A race condition in the kernel can lead to local root compromise.</a>
1.185 deraadt 210: <li><a href=errata29.html#sshcookie>June 12, 2001:
1.177 markus 211: sshd(8) allows users to delete arbitrary files named "cookies"
212: if X11 forwarding is enabled. X11 forwarding is disabled
213: by default.</a>
1.185 deraadt 214: <li><a href=errata29.html#fts>May 30, 2001:
1.176 millert 215: Programs using the fts routines can be tricked into changing
216: into the wrong directory.</a>
1.185 deraadt 217: <li><a href=errata29.html#sendmail>May 29, 2001:
1.174 millert 218: Sendmail signal handlers contain unsafe code,
219: leading to numerous race conditions.</a>
1.173 deraadt 220: </ul>
221:
222: <p>
223: <li>
1.152 deraadt 224: <a name=28></a>
225:
226: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.8 Security Advisories</font></h3>
227: These are the OpenBSD 2.8 advisories -- all these problems are solved
1.154 millert 228: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a> and the
1.179 jufi 229: <a href=stable.html>patch branch</a>.
1.152 deraadt 230:
231: <p>
232: <ul>
1.184 millert 233: <li><a href=errata28.html#uucp>September 11, 2001:
234: A security hole exists in uuxqt(8) that may allow an
235: attacker to gain root privileges.</a>
1.183 millert 236: <li><a href=errata28.html#lpd>August 29, 2001:
237: A security hole exists in lpd(8) that may allow an
238: attacker to gain root privileges if lpd is running.</a>
1.181 millert 239: <li><a href=errata28.html#sendmail2>August 21, 2001:
240: A security hole exists in sendmail(8) that may allow an
241: attacker on the local host to gain root privileges.</a>
1.178 aaron 242: <li><a href=errata28.html#kernexec>June 15, 2001:
243: A race condition in the kernel can lead to local root compromise.</a>
1.176 millert 244: <li><a href=errata28.html#fts>May 30, 2001:
245: Programs using the fts routines can be tricked into changing
246: into the wrong directory.</a>
1.175 millert 247: <li><a href=errata28.html#sendmail>May 29, 2001:
248: Sendmail signal handlers contain unsafe code,
249: leading to numerous race conditions.</a>
1.173 deraadt 250: <li><a href=errata28.html#ipf_frag>Apr 23, 2001:
1.172 ericj 251: IPF contains a serious bug with its handling of fragment cacheing.</a>
1.173 deraadt 252: <li><a href=errata28.html#glob_limit>Apr 23, 2001:
1.172 ericj 253: ftpd(8) contains a potential DoS relating to glob(3).</a>
1.173 deraadt 254: <li><a href=errata28.html#glob>Apr 10, 2001:
1.170 ericj 255: The glob(3) library call contains multiple buffer overflows.</a>
1.173 deraadt 256: <li><a href=errata28.html#readline>Mar 18, 2001:
1.169 millert 257: The readline library creates history files with permissive modes based on the user's umask.</a>
1.173 deraadt 258: <li><a href=errata28.html#ipsec_ah>Mar 2, 2001:
1.167 ericj 259: Insufficient checks in the IPSEC AH IPv4 option handling code can lead to a buffer overrun in the kernel.</a>
1.173 deraadt 260: <li><a href=errata28.html#userldt>Mar 2, 2001:
1.168 horacio 261: The <b>USER_LDT</b> kernel option allows an attacker to gain access to privileged areas of kernel memory.</a>
1.173 deraadt 262: <li><a href=errata28.html#sudo>Feb 22, 2001:
1.171 millert 263: a non-exploitable buffer overflow was fixed in sudo(8).</a>
1.173 deraadt 264: <li><a href=errata28.html#named>Jan 29, 2001:
1.163 jason 265: merge named(8) with ISC BIND 4.9.8-REL, which fixes some buffer vulnerabilities.</a>
1.173 deraadt 266: <li><a href=errata28.html#rnd>Jan 22, 2001:
1.162 jason 267: rnd(4) did not use all of its input when written to.</a>
1.173 deraadt 268: <li><a href=errata28.html#xlock>Dec 22, 2000:
1.159 ericj 269: xlock(1)'s authentication was re-done to authenticate via a named pipe. (patch and new xlock binaries included).</a>
1.173 deraadt 270: <li><a href=errata28.html#procfs>Dec 18, 2000:
1.157 ericj 271: Procfs contains numerous overflows. Procfs is not used by default in OpenBSD. (patch included).</a>
1.173 deraadt 272: <li><a href=errata28.html#kerberos2>Dec 10, 2000:
1.156 deraadt 273: Another problem exists in KerberosIV libraries (patch included).</a>
1.173 deraadt 274: <li><a href=errata28.html#kerberos>Dec 7, 2000:
1.155 deraadt 275: A set of problems in KerberosIV exist (patch included).</a>
1.173 deraadt 276: <li><a href=errata28.html#ftpd>Dec 4, 2000:
1.154 millert 277: A single-byte buffer overflow exists in ftpd (patch included).</a>
1.152 deraadt 278: </ul>
279:
280: <p>
281: <li>
1.124 deraadt 282: <a name=27></a>
283:
284: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.7 Security Advisories</font></h3>
285: These are the OpenBSD 2.7 advisories -- all these problems are solved
286: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. Obviously, all the
287: OpenBSD 2.6 advisories listed below are fixed in OpenBSD 2.7.
288:
289: <p>
290: <ul>
1.169 millert 291: <li><a href=errata27.html#readline>Mar 18, 2001:
292: The readline library creates history files with permissive modes based on the user's umask.</a>
293: <li><a href=errata27.html#sudo>Feb 22, 2001:
294: a buffer overflow was fixed in sudo(8).</a>
1.154 millert 295: <li><a href=errata27.html#ftpd>Dec 4, 2000:
296: A single-byte buffer overflow exists in ftpd (patch included).</a>
1.152 deraadt 297: <li><a href=errata27.html#sshforwarding>Nov 10, 2000:
298: Hostile servers can force OpenSSH clients to do agent or X11 forwarding.
299: (patch included)</a>
300: <li><a href=errata27.html#xtrans>Oct 26, 2000:
1.151 matthieu 301: X11 libraries have 2 potential overflows in xtrans code.
302: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 303: <li><a href=errata27.html#httpd>Oct 18, 2000:
1.150 beck 304: Apache mod_rewrite and mod_vhost_alias modules could expose files
305: on the server in certain configurations if used.
306: (patch included)</a>
1.164 deraadt 307: <li><a href=errata27.html#telnetd>Oct 10, 2000:
1.149 millert 308: The telnet daemon does not strip out the TERMINFO, TERMINFO_DIRS,
309: TERMPATH and TERMCAP environment variables as it should.
310: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 311: <li><a href=errata27.html#format_strings>Oct 6, 2000:
1.148 millert 312: There are printf-style format string bugs in several privileged
313: programs. (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 314: <li><a href=errata27.html#curses>Oct 6, 2000:
1.147 millert 315: libcurses honored terminal descriptions in the $HOME/.terminfo
316: directory as well as in the TERMCAP environment variable for
317: setuid and setgid applications.
1.146 deraadt 318: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 319: <li><a href=errata27.html#talkd>Oct 6, 2000:
1.146 deraadt 320: A format string vulnerability exists in talkd(8).
321: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 322: <li><a href=errata27.html#pw_error>Oct 3, 2000:
1.145 aaron 323: A format string vulnerability exists in the pw_error() function of the
324: libutil library, yielding localhost root through chpass(1).
325: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 326: <li><a href=errata27.html#ipsec>Sep 18, 2000:
1.144 jason 327: Bad ESP/AH packets could cause a crash under certain conditions.
328: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 329: <li><a href=errata27.html#xlock>Aug 16, 2000:
1.141 deraadt 330: A format string vulnerability (localhost root) exists in xlock(1).
331: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 332: <li><a href=errata27.html#X11_libs>July 14, 2000:
1.139 deraadt 333: Various bugs found in X11 libraries have various side effects, almost
334: completely denial of service in OpenBSD.
335: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 336: <li><a href=errata27.html#ftpd>July 5, 2000:
1.136 deraadt 337: Just like pretty much all the other unix ftp daemons
338: on the planet, ftpd had a remote root hole in it.
339: Luckily, ftpd was not enabled by default.
1.137 deraadt 340: The problem exists if anonymous ftp is enabled.
1.136 deraadt 341: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 342: <li><a href=errata27.html#mopd>July 5, 2000:
1.136 deraadt 343: Mopd, very rarely used, contained some buffer overflows.
344: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 345: <li><a href=errata27.html#libedit>June 28, 2000:
1.135 deraadt 346: libedit would check for a <b>.editrc</b> file in the current
347: directory. Not known to be a real security issue, but a patch
348: is available anyways.
349: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 350: <li><a href=errata27.html#dhclient>June 24, 2000:
1.134 deraadt 351: A serious bug in dhclient(8) could allow strings from a
352: malicious dhcp server to be executed in the shell as root.
353: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 354: <li><a href=errata27.html#isakmpd>June 9, 2000:
1.133 deraadt 355: A serious bug in isakmpd(8) policy handling wherein
356: policy verification could be completely bypassed in isakmpd.
357: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 358: <li><a href=errata27.html#uselogin>June 6, 2000:
1.132 deraadt 359: The non-default flag UseLogin in <b>/etc/sshd_config</b> is broken,
360: should not be used, and results in security problems on
361: other operating systems.</a>
1.152 deraadt 362: <li><a href=errata27.html#bridge>May 26, 2000:
1.129 deraadt 363: The bridge(4) <i>learning</i> flag may be bypassed.
1.128 deraadt 364: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 365: <li><a href=errata27.html#ipf>May 25, 2000:
1.127 kjell 366: Improper use of ipf <i>keep-state</i> rules can result
367: in firewall rules being bypassed. (patch included)</a>
368:
1.124 deraadt 369: </ul>
370:
371: <p>
372: <li>
1.119 deraadt 373: <a name=26></a>
374:
375: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.6 Security Advisories</font></h3>
376: These are the OpenBSD 2.6 advisories -- all these problems are solved
377: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. Obviously, all the
378: OpenBSD 2.5 advisories listed below are fixed in OpenBSD 2.6.
379:
380: <p>
381: <ul>
1.130 deraadt 382: <li><a href=errata26.html#semconfig>May 26, 2000:
383: SYSV semaphore support contained an undocumented system call
1.131 deraadt 384: which could wedge semaphore-using processes from exiting. (patch included)</a>
1.127 kjell 385: <li><a href=errata26.html#ipf>May 25, 2000:
386: Improper use of ipf <i>keep-state</i> rules can result
387: in firewall rules being bypassed. (patch included)</a>
1.126 deraadt 388: <li><a href=errata26.html#xlockmore>May 25, 2000:
1.125 deraadt 389: xlockmore has a bug which a localhost attacker can use to gain
390: access to the encrypted root password hash (which is normally
391: encoded using blowfish (see
392: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=crypt&sektion=3">
393: crypt(3)</a>)
394: (patch included).</a>
1.126 deraadt 395: <li><a href=errata26.html#procfs>Jan 20, 2000:
1.123 deraadt 396: Systems running with procfs enabled and mounted are
397: vulnerable to a very tricky exploit. procfs is not
398: mounted by default.
399: (patch included).</a>
1.126 deraadt 400: <li><a href=errata26.html#ifmedia>Nov 9, 1999:
1.125 deraadt 401: Any user could change interface media configurations, resulting in
402: a localhost denial of service attack.
1.119 deraadt 403: (patch included).</a>
1.126 deraadt 404: <li><a href=errata26.html#sslUSA>Dec 2, 1999:
1.120 deraadt 405: A buffer overflow in the RSAREF code included in the
406: USA version of libssl, is possibly exploitable in
407: httpd, ssh, or isakmpd, if SSL/RSA features are enabled.
1.124 deraadt 408: (patch included).<br></a>
409: <strong>Update:</strong> Turns out that this was not exploitable
410: in any of the software included in OpenBSD 2.6.
1.126 deraadt 411: <li><a href=errata26.html#sendmail>Dec 4, 1999:
1.121 deraadt 412: Sendmail permitted any user to cause a aliases file wrap,
413: thus exposing the system to a race where the aliases file
414: did not exist.
415: (patch included).</a>
1.119 deraadt 416: </ul>
417:
418: <p>
419: <li>
420:
1.93 deraadt 421: <a name=25></a>
1.106 deraadt 422:
1.110 deraadt 423: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.5 Security Advisories</font></h3>
1.93 deraadt 424: These are the OpenBSD 2.5 advisories -- all these problems are solved
425: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. Obviously, all the
426: OpenBSD 2.4 advisories listed below are fixed in OpenBSD 2.5.
427:
1.96 deraadt 428: <p>
1.104 deraadt 429: <ul>
1.117 deraadt 430: <li><a href=errata25.html#cron>Aug 30, 1999:
1.103 deraadt 431: In cron(8), make sure argv[] is NULL terminated in the
432: fake popen() and run sendmail as the user, not as root.
433: (patch included).</a>
1.117 deraadt 434: <li><a href=errata25.html#miscfs>Aug 12, 1999: The procfs and fdescfs
1.101 deraadt 435: filesystems had an overrun in their handling of uio_offset
436: in their readdir() routines. (These filesystems are not
437: enabled by default). (patch included).</a>
1.117 deraadt 438: <li><a href=errata25.html#profil>Aug 9, 1999: Stop profiling (see profil(2))
1.100 deraadt 439: when we execve() a new process. (patch included).</a>
1.117 deraadt 440: <li><a href=errata25.html#ipsec_in_use>Aug 6, 1999: Packets that should have
1.98 deraadt 441: been handled by IPsec may be transmitted as cleartext.
442: PF_KEY SA expirations may leak kernel resources.
443: (patch included).</a>
1.117 deraadt 444: <li><a href=errata25.html#rc>Aug 5, 1999: In /etc/rc, use mktemp(1) for
1.97 deraadt 445: motd re-writing and change the find(1) to use -execdir
446: (patch included).</a>
1.117 deraadt 447: <li><a href=errata25.html#chflags>Jul 30, 1999: Do not permit regular
1.95 deraadt 448: users to chflags(2) or fchflags(2) on character or block devices
449: which they may currently be the owner of (patch included).</a>
1.117 deraadt 450: <li><a href=errata25.html#nroff>Jul 27, 1999: Cause groff(1) to be invoked
1.95 deraadt 451: with the -S flag, when called by nroff(1) (patch included).</a>
1.93 deraadt 452: </ul>
453:
1.106 deraadt 454: <p>
455: <li>
1.75 deraadt 456: <a name=24></a>
1.110 deraadt 457: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.4 Security Advisories</font></h3>
1.75 deraadt 458: These are the OpenBSD 2.4 advisories -- all these problems are solved
459: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. Obviously, all the
460: OpenBSD 2.3 advisories listed below are fixed in OpenBSD 2.4.
461:
1.96 deraadt 462: <p>
1.75 deraadt 463: <ul>
1.92 deraadt 464: <li><a href=errata24.html#poll>Mar 22, 1999: The nfds argument for poll(2) needs
1.91 deraadt 465: to be constrained, to avoid kvm starvation (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 466: <li><a href=errata24.html#tss>Mar 21, 1999: A change in TSS handling stops
1.91 deraadt 467: another kernel crash case caused by the <strong>crashme</strong>
468: program (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 469: <li><a href=errata24.html#nlink>Feb 25, 1999: An unbounded increment on the
1.90 deraadt 470: nlink value in FFS and EXT2FS filesystems can cause a system crash.
1.89 deraadt 471: (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 472: <li><a href=errata24.html#ping>Feb 23, 1999: Yet another buffer overflow
1.88 deraadt 473: existed in ping(8). (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 474: <li><a href=errata24.html#ipqrace>Feb 19, 1999: ipintr() had a race in use of
1.87 deraadt 475: the ipq, which could permit an attacker to cause a crash.
476: (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 477: <li><a href=errata24.html#accept>Feb 17, 1999: A race condition in the
1.86 deraadt 478: kernel between accept(2) and select(2) could permit an attacker
479: to hang sockets from remote.
480: (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 481: <li><a href=errata24.html#maxqueue>Feb 17, 1999: IP fragment assembly can
1.85 deraadt 482: bog the machine excessively and cause problems.
483: (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 484: <li><a href=errata24.html#trctrap>Feb 12, 1999: i386 T_TRCTRAP handling and
1.84 deraadt 485: DDB interacted to possibly cause a crash.
486: (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 487: <li><a href=errata24.html#rst>Feb 11, 1999: TCP/IP RST handling was sloppy.
1.83 deraadt 488: (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 489: <li><a href=errata24.html#bootpd>Nov 27, 1998: There is a remotely exploitable
1.81 deraadt 490: problem in bootpd(8). (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 491: <li><a href=errata24.html#termcap>Nov 19, 1998: There is a possibly locally
1.82 deraadt 492: exploitable problem relating to environment variables in termcap
493: and curses. (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 494: <li><a href=errata24.html#tcpfix>Nov 13, 1998: There is a remote machine lockup
1.78 deraadt 495: bug in the TCP decoding kernel. (patch included).</a>
1.75 deraadt 496: </ul>
497:
1.106 deraadt 498: <p>
499: <li>
1.58 deraadt 500: <a name=23></a>
1.110 deraadt 501: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.3 Security Advisories</font></h3>
1.73 deraadt 502: These are the OpenBSD 2.3 advisories -- all these problems are solved
503: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. Obviously, all the
504: OpenBSD 2.2 advisories listed below are fixed in OpenBSD 2.3.
1.53 matthieu 505:
1.96 deraadt 506: <p>
1.53 matthieu 507: <ul>
1.81 deraadt 508: <li><a href=errata23.html#bootpd>Nov 27, 1998: There is a remotely exploitable
509: problem in bootpd(8). (patch included).</a>
1.78 deraadt 510: <li><a href=errata23.html#tcpfix>Nov 13, 1998: There is a remote machine lockup
511: bug in the TCP decoding kernel. (patch included).</a>
1.76 aaron 512: <li><a href=errata23.html#fdalloc>Jul 2, 1998: setuid and setgid processes
1.72 deraadt 513: should not be executed with fd slots 0, 1, or 2 free.
514: (patch included).</a>
1.79 deraadt 515: <li><a href=errata23.html#resolver>August 31, 1998: A benign looking resolver buffer overflow bug was re-introduced accidentally (patches included).</a>
1.76 aaron 516: <li><a href=errata23.html#xlib>June 6, 1998: Further problems with the X
1.71 deraadt 517: libraries (patches included).</a>
1.76 aaron 518: <li><a href=errata23.html#pctr>June 4, 1998: on non-Intel i386 machines, any user
1.72 deraadt 519: can use pctr(4) to crash the machine.</a>
1.76 aaron 520: <li><a href=errata23.html#kill>May 17, 1998: kill(2) of setuid/setgid target
1.66 deraadt 521: processes too permissive (4th revision patch included).</a>
1.76 aaron 522: <li><a href=errata23.html#immutable>May 11, 1998: mmap() permits partial bypassing
1.60 deraadt 523: of immutable and append-only file flags. (patch included).</a>
1.76 aaron 524: <li><a href=errata23.html#xterm-xaw>May 1, 1998: Buffer overflow in xterm and Xaw
1.58 deraadt 525: (CERT advisory VB-98.04) (patch included).</a>
1.76 aaron 526: <li><a href=errata23.html#ipsec>May 5, 1998: Incorrect handling of IPSEC packets
1.59 deraadt 527: if IPSEC is enabled (patch included).</a>
1.53 matthieu 528: </ul>
1.9 deraadt 529:
1.106 deraadt 530: <p>
531: <li>
1.58 deraadt 532: <a name=22></a>
1.110 deraadt 533: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.2 Security Advisories</font></h3>
1.45 deraadt 534: These are the OpenBSD 2.2 advisories. All these problems are solved
1.55 deraadt 535: in <a href=23.html>OpenBSD 2.3</a>. Some of these problems
1.45 deraadt 536: still exist in other operating systems. (The supplied patches are for
537: OpenBSD 2.2; they may or may not work on OpenBSD 2.1).
1.9 deraadt 538:
1.96 deraadt 539: <p>
1.9 deraadt 540: <ul>
1.72 deraadt 541: <li><a href=errata22.html#ipsec>May 5, 1998: Incorrect handling of IPSEC
542: packets if IPSEC is enabled (patch included).</a>
543: <li><a href=errata22.html#xterm-xaw>May 1, 1998: Buffer overflow in xterm
544: and Xaw (CERT advisory VB-98.04) (patch included).</a>
545: <li><a href=errata22.html#uucpd>Apr 22, 1998: Buffer overflow in uucpd
546: (patch included).</a>
547: <li><a href=errata22.html#rmjob>Apr 22, 1998: Buffer mismanagement in lprm
548: (patch included).</a>
549: <li><a href=errata22.html#ping>Mar 31, 1998: Overflow in ping -R (patch included).</a>
550: <li><a href=errata22.html#named>Mar 30, 1998: Overflow in named fake-iquery
1.59 deraadt 551: (patch included).</a>
1.72 deraadt 552: <li><a href=errata22.html#mountd>Mar 2, 1998: Accidental NFS filesystem
553: export (patch included).</a>
1.112 philen 554: <li><a href="advisories/mmap.txt">Feb 26, 1998: Read-write mmap() flaw.</a>
1.72 deraadt 555: Revision 3 of the patch is available <a href=errata22.html#mmap>here</a>
1.112 philen 556: <li><a href="advisories/sourceroute.txt">Feb 19, 1998: Sourcerouted Packet
1.59 deraadt 557: Acceptance.</a>
1.50 deraadt 558: A patch is available <a href=errata22.html#sourceroute>here</a>.
1.122 rohee 559: <li><a href=errata22.html#ruserok>Feb 13, 1998: Setuid coredump & Ruserok()
1.72 deraadt 560: flaw (patch included).</a>
561: <li><a href=errata22.html#ldso>Feb 9, 1998: MIPS ld.so flaw (patch included).</a>
562: <li><a href=errata22.html#f00f>Dec 10, 1997: Intel P5 f00f lockup
1.59 deraadt 563: (patch included).</a>
1.1 deraadt 564: </ul>
565:
1.106 deraadt 566: <p>
567: <li>
1.58 deraadt 568: <a name=21></a>
1.110 deraadt 569: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.1 Security Advisories</font></h3>
1.52 deraadt 570: These are the OpenBSD 2.1 advisories. All these problems are solved
571: in <a href=22.html>OpenBSD 2.2</a>. Some of these problems still
572: exist in other operating systems. (If you are running OpenBSD 2.1, we
573: would strongly recommend an upgrade to the newest release, as this
574: patch list only attempts at fixing the most important security
575: problems. In particular, OpenBSD 2.2 fixes numerous localhost
576: security problems. Many of those problems were solved in ways which
577: make it hard for us to provide patches).
578:
1.96 deraadt 579: <p>
1.52 deraadt 580: <ul>
1.112 philen 581: <li><a href="advisories/signals.txt">Sep 15, 1997: Deviant Signals (patch included)</a>
582: <li><a href="advisories/rfork.txt">Aug 2, 1997: Rfork() system call flaw
1.59 deraadt 583: (patch included)</a>
1.112 philen 584: <li><a href="advisories/procfs.txt">Jun 24, 1997: Procfs flaws (patch included)</a>
1.52 deraadt 585: </ul>
1.51 deraadt 586:
1.106 deraadt 587: <p>
588: <li>
589: <a name=20></a>
1.110 deraadt 590: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.0 Security Advisories</font></h3>
1.99 deraadt 591: These are the OpenBSD 2.0 advisories. All these problems are solved
592: in <a href=21.html>OpenBSD 2.1</a>. Some of these problems still
593: exist in other operating systems. (If you are running OpenBSD 2.0, we
594: commend you for being there back in the old days!, but you're really
595: missing out if you don't install a new version!)
596:
597: <p>
598: <ul>
1.112 philen 599: <li><a href="advisories/res_random.txt">April 22, 1997: Predictable IDs in the
1.99 deraadt 600: resolver (patch included)</a>
601: <li>Many others... if people can hunt them down, please let me know
602: and we'll put them up here.
603: </ul>
604:
1.106 deraadt 605: </dl>
1.51 deraadt 606: <p>
1.106 deraadt 607:
608: <a name=watching></a>
1.110 deraadt 609: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Watching our Changes</font></h3><p>
1.106 deraadt 610:
1.21 deraadt 611: Since we take a proactive stance with security, we are continually
612: finding and fixing new security problems. Not all of these problems
1.80 espie 613: get widely reported because (as stated earlier) many of them are not
1.45 deraadt 614: confirmed to be exploitable; many simple bugs we fix do turn out to
615: have security consequences we could not predict. We do not have the
616: time resources to make these changes available in the above format.<p>
1.21 deraadt 617:
618: Thus there are usually minor security fixes in the current source code
619: beyond the previous major OpenBSD release. We make a limited
1.45 deraadt 620: guarantee that these problems are of minimal impact and unproven
1.44 ian 621: exploitability. If we discover that a problem definitely matters for
1.45 deraadt 622: security, patches will show up here <strong>VERY</strong> quickly.<p>
1.21 deraadt 623:
1.45 deraadt 624: People who are really concerned with security can do a number of
625: things:<p>
1.21 deraadt 626:
627: <ul>
628: <li>If you understand security issues, watch our
1.27 deraadt 629: <a href=mail.html>source-changes mailing list</a> and keep an
1.23 deraadt 630: eye out for things which appear security related. Since
1.21 deraadt 631: exploitability is not proven for many of the fixes we make,
632: do not expect the relevant commit message to say "SECURITY FIX!".
633: If a problem is proven and serious, a patch will be available
634: here very shortly after.
1.161 horacio 635: <li>In addition to source changes, you can watch our <a href="mail.html">
1.160 ericj 636: security-announce mailing list</a> which will notify you for every
1.186 ! ian 637: security related item that the OpenBSD team deems as a possible threat,
1.160 ericj 638: and instruct you on how to patch the problem.
1.21 deraadt 639: <li>Track our current source code tree, and teach yourself how to do a
1.29 deraadt 640: complete system build from time to time (read /usr/src/Makefile
641: carefully). Users can make the assumption that the current
642: source tree always has stronger security than the previous release.
1.45 deraadt 643: However, building your own system from source code is not trivial;
644: it is nearly 300MB of source code, and problems do occur as we
645: transition between major releases.
1.115 ericj 646: <li>Install a binary snapshot for your
1.80 espie 647: architecture, which are made available fairly often. For
1.29 deraadt 648: instance, an i386 snapshot is typically made available weekly.
1.21 deraadt 649: </ul>
650:
1.9 deraadt 651: <p>
1.153 jufi 652: <a name=reporting></a>
1.110 deraadt 653: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Reporting problems</font></h3><p>
1.3 deraadt 654:
1.5 deraadt 655: <p> If you find a new security problem, you can mail it to
1.6 deraadt 656: <a href=mailto:deraadt@openbsd.org>deraadt@openbsd.org</a>.
1.7 deraadt 657: <br>
1.5 deraadt 658: If you wish to PGP encode it (but please only do so if privacy is very
1.112 philen 659: urgent, since it is inconvenient) use this <a href="advisories/pgpkey.txt">pgp key</a>.
1.5 deraadt 660:
1.107 deraadt 661: <p>
662: <a name=papers></a>
1.110 deraadt 663: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Further Reading</font></h3><p>
1.107 deraadt 664:
665: A number of papers have been written by OpenBSD team members, about security
666: related changes they have done in OpenBSD. The postscript versions of these
1.108 deraadt 667: documents are available as follows.<p>
1.107 deraadt 668:
669: <ul>
1.113 deraadt 670: <li>A Future-Adaptable Password Scheme.<br>
1.118 deraadt 671: <a href=events.html#usenix99>Usenix 1999</a>,
1.153 jufi 672: by <a href=mailto:provos@openbsd.org>Niels Provos</a>,
1.113 deraadt 673: <a href=mailto:dm@openbsd.org>David Mazieres</a>.<br>
1.107 deraadt 674: <a href=papers/bcrypt-paper.ps>paper</a> and
675: <a href=papers/bcrypt-slides.ps>slides</a>.
1.113 deraadt 676: <p>
677: <li>Cryptography in OpenBSD: An Overview.<br>
1.118 deraadt 678: <a href=events.html#usenix99>Usenix 1999</a>,
1.113 deraadt 679: by <a href=mailto:deraadt@openbsd.org>Theo de Raadt</a>,
680: <a href=mailto:niklas@openbsd.org>Niklas Hallqvist</a>,
681: <a href=mailto:art@openbsd.org>Artur Grabowski</a>,
682: <a href=mailto:angelos@openbsd.org>Angelos D. Keromytis</a>,
683: <a href=mailto:provos@openbsd.org>Niels Provos</a>.<br>
1.107 deraadt 684: <a href=papers/crypt-paper.ps>paper</a> and
685: <a href=papers/crypt-slides.ps>slides</a>.
1.113 deraadt 686: <p>
687: <li>strlcpy and strlcat -- consistent, safe, string copy and concatenation.<br>
1.118 deraadt 688: <a href=events.html#usenix99>Usenix 1999</a>,
1.113 deraadt 689: by <a href=mailto:millert@openbsd.org>Todd C. Miller</a>,
690: <a href=mailto:deraadt@openbsd.org>Theo de Raadt</a>.<br>
1.109 deraadt 691: <a href=papers/strlcpy-paper.ps>paper</a> and
692: <a href=papers/strlcpy-slides.ps>slides</a>.
1.113 deraadt 693: <p>
1.118 deraadt 694: <li>Dealing with Public Ethernet Jacks-Switches, Gateways, and Authentication.<br>
695: <a href=events.html#lisa99>LISA 1999</a>,
696: by <a href=mailto:beck@openbsd.org>Bob Beck</a>.<br>
697: <a href=papers/authgw-paper.ps>paper</a> and
698: <a href=papers/authgw-slides.ps>slides</a>.
699: <p>
1.153 jufi 700: <li>Encrypting Virtual Memory<br>
1.142 deraadt 701: <a href=events.html#sec2000>Usenix Security 2000</a>,
702: <a href=mailto:provos@openbsd.org>Niels Provos</a>.<br>
1.143 provos 703: <a href=papers/swapencrypt.ps>paper</a> and
704: <a href=papers/swapencrypt-slides.ps>slides</a>.
1.142 deraadt 705: <p>
1.107 deraadt 706: </ul>
707:
1.106 deraadt 708: </dl>
709:
1.2 deraadt 710: <hr>
1.68 pauls 711: <a href=index.html><img height=24 width=24 src=back.gif border=0 alt=OpenBSD></a>
1.24 deraadt 712: <a href=mailto:www@openbsd.org>www@openbsd.org</a>
713: <br>
1.186 ! ian 714: <small>$OpenBSD: security.html,v 1.185 2001/10/22 22:09:54 deraadt Exp $</small>
1.1 deraadt 715:
1.24 deraadt 716: </body>
717: </html>
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