Annotation of www/security.html, Revision 1.289
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1.210 jsyn 14: <a href="index.html"><img alt="[OpenBSD]" height="30" width="141" src="images/smalltitle.gif" border="0"></a>
1.106 deraadt 15: <p>
1.110 deraadt 16: <h2><font color=#e00000>Security</font><hr></h2>
1.1 deraadt 17:
1.114 philen 18: <table width="100%">
19: <tr>
20: <td colspan="2">
21: <strong>Index</strong>
22: </td>
23: </tr>
24: <tr>
25: <td valign="top">
1.106 deraadt 26: <a href=#goals>Security goals of the Project</a>.<br>
27: <a href=#disclosure>Full Disclosure policy</a>.<br>
28: <a href=#process>Source code auditing process</a>.<br>
1.111 aaron 29: <a href=#default>"Secure by Default"</a>.<br>
1.106 deraadt 30: <a href=#crypto>Use of Cryptography</a>.<br>
31: <p>
32: <a href=#watching>Watching changes</a>.<br>
33: <a href=#reporting>Reporting security issues</a>.<br>
1.107 deraadt 34: <a href=#papers>Further Reading</a><br>
1.106 deraadt 35: <p>
1.114 philen 36: </td>
37: <td valign="top">
1.225 deraadt 38: For security advisories for specific releases, click below:<br>
39: <a href="#20">2.0</a>,
40: <a href="#21">2.1</a>,
41: <a href="#22">2.2</a>,
42: <a href="#23">2.3</a>,
43: <a href="#24">2.4</a>,
44: <a href="#25">2.5</a>,
45: <a href="#26">2.6</a>,
46: <a href="#27">2.7</a>,
47: <a href="#28">2.8</a>,
48: <a href="#29">2.9</a>,
49: <a href="#30">3.0</a>,
50: <a href="#31">3.1</a>,
1.246 deraadt 51: <a href="#32">3.2</a>,
1.261 david 52: <a href="#33">3.3</a>,
1.280 david 53: <a href="#34">3.4</a>,
54: <a href="#35">3.5</a>.
1.114 philen 55: </td>
56: </tr>
57: </table>
1.56 deraadt 58: <hr>
59:
1.278 deraadt 60: <ul>
1.288 matthieu 61: <a name="goals"></a>
1.110 deraadt 62: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Goal</font></h3><p>
1.22 deraadt 63:
1.14 deraadt 64: OpenBSD believes in strong security. Our aspiration is to be NUMBER
1.22 deraadt 65: ONE in the industry for security (if we are not already there). Our
66: open software development model permits us to take a more
67: uncompromising view towards increased security than Sun, SGI, IBM, HP,
68: or other vendors are able to. We can make changes the vendors would
1.27 deraadt 69: not make. Also, since OpenBSD is exported with <a href=crypto.html>
1.45 deraadt 70: cryptography</a>, we are able to take cryptographic approaches towards
71: fixing security problems.<p>
1.18 deraadt 72:
1.288 matthieu 73: <a name="disclosure"></a>
1.110 deraadt 74: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Full Disclosure</font></h3><p>
1.106 deraadt 75:
1.45 deraadt 76: Like many readers of the
1.196 jufi 77: <a href="http://online.securityfocus.com/archive/1">
1.18 deraadt 78: BUGTRAQ mailing list</a>,
1.106 deraadt 79: we believe in full disclosure of security problems. In the
80: operating system arena, we were probably the first to embrace
81: the concept. Many vendors, even of free software, still try
82: to hide issues from their users.<p>
83:
84: Security information moves very fast in cracker circles. On the other
85: hand, our experience is that coding and releasing of proper security
86: fixes typically requires about an hour of work -- very fast fix
87: turnaround is possible. Thus we think that full disclosure helps the
88: people who really care about security.<p>
89:
1.288 matthieu 90: <a name="process"></a>
1.110 deraadt 91: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Audit Process</font></h3><p>
1.15 deraadt 92:
1.12 deraadt 93: Our security auditing team typically has between six and twelve
1.45 deraadt 94: members who continue to search for and fix new security holes. We
95: have been auditing since the summer of 1996. The process we follow to
96: increase security is simply a comprehensive file-by-file analysis of
1.106 deraadt 97: every critical software component. We are not so much looking for
98: security holes, as we are looking for basic software bugs, and if
1.138 deraadt 99: years later someone discovers the problem used to be a security
1.106 deraadt 100: issue, and we fixed it because it was just a bug, well, all the
101: better. Flaws have been found in just about every area of the system.
102: Entire new classes of security problems have been found during our
103: audit, and often source code which had been audited earlier needs
104: re-auditing with these new flaws in mind. Code often gets audited
105: multiple times, and by multiple people with different auditing
106: skills.<p>
1.12 deraadt 107:
1.94 deraadt 108: Some members of our security auditing team worked for Secure Networks,
109: the company that made the industry's premier network security scanning
110: software package Ballista (Secure Networks got purchased by Network
111: Associates, Ballista got renamed to Cybercop Scanner, and well...)
112: That company did a lot of security research, and thus fit in well
1.106 deraadt 113: with the OpenBSD stance. OpenBSD passed Ballista's tests with flying
114: colours since day 1.<p>
1.31 deraadt 115:
1.34 deraadt 116: Another facet of our security auditing process is its proactiveness.
1.45 deraadt 117: In most cases we have found that the determination of exploitability
118: is not an issue. During our ongoing auditing process we find many
119: bugs, and endeavor to fix them even though exploitability is not
120: proven. We fix the bug, and we move on to find other bugs to fix. We
121: have fixed many simple and obvious careless programming errors in code
122: and only months later discovered that the problems were in fact
123: exploitable. (Or, more likely someone on
1.197 jufi 124: <a href="http://online.securityfocus.com/archive/1">BUGTRAQ</a>
1.45 deraadt 125: would report that other operating systems were vulnerable to a `newly
126: discovered problem', and then it would be discovered that OpenBSD had
127: been fixed in a previous release). In other cases we have been saved
128: from full exploitability of complex step-by-step attacks because we
129: had fixed one of the intermediate steps. An example of where we
1.94 deraadt 130: managed such a success is the lpd advisory that Secure Networks put out.
131: <p>
1.29 deraadt 132:
1.288 matthieu 133: <a name="newtech"></a>
1.278 deraadt 134: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>New Technologies</font></h3><p>
135:
136: As we audit source code, we often invent new ways of solving problems.
137: Sometimes these ideas have been used before in some random application
138: written somewhere, but perhaps not taken to the degree that we do.
139: <p>
140:
141: <ul>
142: <li>strlcpy() and strlcat()
143: <li>Memory protection purify
144: <ul>
145: <li>W^X
146: <li>.rodata segment
147: <li>Guard pages
148: <li>Randomized malloc()
149: <li>Randomized mmap()
150: <li>atexit() and stdio protection
151: </ul>
152: <li>Privilege seperation
153: <li>Privilege revocation
154: <li>Chroot jailing
155: <li>New uids
156: <li>ProPolice
157: <li>... and others
158: </ul>
159: <p>
160:
1.110 deraadt 161: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>The Reward</font></h3><p>
1.106 deraadt 162:
1.45 deraadt 163: Our proactive auditing process has really paid off. Statements like
1.35 deraadt 164: ``This problem was fixed in OpenBSD about 6 months ago'' have become
1.45 deraadt 165: commonplace in security forums like
1.197 jufi 166: <a href="http://online.securityfocus.com/archive/1">BUGTRAQ</a>.<p>
1.35 deraadt 167:
1.45 deraadt 168: The most intense part of our security auditing happened immediately
1.80 espie 169: before the OpenBSD 2.0 release and during the 2.0->2.1 transition,
1.45 deraadt 170: over the last third of 1996 and first half of 1997. Thousands (yes,
171: thousands) of security issues were fixed rapidly over this year-long
172: period; bugs like the standard buffer overflows, protocol
173: implementation weaknesses, information gathering, and filesystem
174: races. Hence most of the security problems that we encountered were
175: fixed before our 2.1 release, and then a far smaller number needed
176: fixing for our 2.2 release. We do not find as many problems anymore,
177: it is simply a case of diminishing returns. Recently the security
178: problems we find and fix tend to be significantly more obscure or
179: complicated. Still we will persist for a number of reasons:<p>
1.36 deraadt 180:
1.35 deraadt 181: <ul>
1.45 deraadt 182: <li>Occasionally we find a simple problem we missed earlier. Doh!
1.35 deraadt 183: <li>Security is like an arms race; the best attackers will continue
1.45 deraadt 184: to search for more complicated exploits, so we will too.
185: <li>Finding and fixing subtle flaws in complicated software is
186: a lot of fun.
1.35 deraadt 187: </ul>
1.106 deraadt 188: <p>
1.15 deraadt 189:
1.14 deraadt 190: The auditing process is not over yet, and as you can see we continue
1.28 deraadt 191: to find and fix new security flaws.<p>
1.12 deraadt 192:
1.288 matthieu 193: <a name="default"></a>
1.110 deraadt 194: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>"Secure by Default"</font></h3><p>
1.106 deraadt 195:
196: To ensure that novice users of OpenBSD do not need to become security
197: experts overnight (a viewpoint which other vendors seem to have), we
198: ship the operating system in a Secure by Default mode. All non-essential
199: services are disabled. As the user/administrator becomes more familiar
200: with the system, he will discover that he has to enable daemons and other
201: parts of the system. During the process of learning how to enable a new
202: service, the novice is more likely to learn of security considerations.<p>
203:
204: This is in stark contrast to the increasing number of systems that
205: ship with NFS, mountd, web servers, and various other services enabled
206: by default, creating instantaneous security problems for their users
207: within minutes after their first install.<p>
208:
1.288 matthieu 209: <a name="crypto"></a>
1.110 deraadt 210: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Cryptography</font></h3><p>
1.106 deraadt 211:
212: And of course, since the OpenBSD project is based in Canada, it is possible
213: for us to integrate cryptography. For more information, read the page
1.116 deraadt 214: outlining <a href=crypto.html>what we have done with cryptography</a>.</p>
1.106 deraadt 215:
1.110 deraadt 216: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Advisories</font></h3><p>
1.106 deraadt 217:
218: <li>
1.288 matthieu 219: <a name="35"></a>
1.279 deraadt 220:
221: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 3.5 Security Advisories</font></h3>
222: These are the OpenBSD 3.5 advisories -- all these problems are solved
223: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a> and the
224: <a href=stable.html>patch branch</a>.
225:
226: <p>
227: <ul>
1.289 ! beck 228: <li><a href=errata.html#kerberos> May 30, 2004:
! 229: kdc(8) performs inadequate checking of request fields, leading
! 230: to the possibility of principal impersonation from other
! 231: Kerberos realms if they are trusted with a cross-realm trust.</a>
1.287 matthieu 232: <li><a href=errata.html#xdm> May 26, 2004:
233: xdm(1) ignores the requestPort resource and creates a
1.288 matthieu 234: listening socket regardless of the setting in xdm-config</a>.
1.286 otto 235: <li><a href=errata.html#cvs2> May 20, 2004:
236: A buffer overflow in the cvs(1) server has been found,
237: which can be used by CVS clients to execute arbitrary code on
1.288 matthieu 238: the server</a>.
1.282 tedu 239: <li><a href=errata.html#procfs> May 13, 2004:
240: Integer overflow problems were found in procfs, allowing
1.288 matthieu 241: reading of arbitrary kernel memory</a>.
1.281 otto 242: <li><a href=errata.html#cvs> May 5, 2004:
243: Pathname validation problems have been found in cvs(1),
244: allowing clients and servers access to files outside the
1.288 matthieu 245: repository or local CVS tree</a>.
1.279 deraadt 246: </ul>
247:
248: <p>
249: <li>
1.288 matthieu 250: <a name="34"></a>
1.261 david 251:
252: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 3.4 Security Advisories</font></h3>
253: These are the OpenBSD 3.4 advisories -- all these problems are solved
254: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a> and the
255: <a href=stable.html>patch branch</a>.
256:
257: <p>
258: <ul>
1.289 ! beck 259: <li><a href=errata34.html#kerberos> May 30, 2004:
! 260: kdc(8) performs inadequate checking of request fields, leading
! 261: to the possibility of principal impersonation from other
! 262: Kerberos realms if they are trusted with a cross-realm trust.</a>
1.286 otto 263: <li><a href=errata34.html#cvs2> May 20, 2004:
264: A buffer overflow in the cvs(1) server has been found,
265: which can be used by CVS clients to execute arbitrary code on
266: the server.</a>
1.283 brad 267: <li><a href=errata34.html#procfs> May 13, 2004:
1.282 tedu 268: Integer overflow problems were found in procfs, allowing
269: reading of arbitrary kernel memory.</a>
1.281 otto 270: <li><a href=errata34.html#cvs> May 5, 2004:
271: Pathname validation problems have been found in cvs(1),
272: allowing clients and servers access to files outside the
273: repository or local CVS tree.</a>
1.279 deraadt 274: <li><a href=errata34.html#openssl> March 17, 2004:
1.277 millert 275: A missing check for a NULL-pointer dereference may allow a
1.281 otto 276: remote attacker to crash applications using OpenSSL.</a>
1.279 deraadt 277: <li><a href=errata34.html#isakmpd2> March 17, 2004:
1.276 brad 278: Defects in the payload validation and processing functions of
279: isakmpd have been discovered. An attacker could send malformed
280: ISAKMP messages and cause isakmpd to crash or to loop endlessly.</a>
1.279 deraadt 281: <li><a href=errata34.html#httpd2> March 13, 2004:
1.275 brad 282: Due to a bug in the parsing of Allow/Deny rules for httpd(8)'s
283: access module, using IP addresses without a netmask on big endian
284: 64-bit platforms causes the rules to fail to match.</a>
1.279 deraadt 285: <li><a href=errata34.html#ip6> February 8, 2004:
1.272 dhartmei 286: An IPv6 MTU handling problem exists that could be used by an
287: attacker to cause a denial of service attack.</a>
1.279 deraadt 288: <li><a href=errata34.html#sysvshm> February 5, 2004:
1.271 millert 289: A reference counting bug in shmat(2) could be used to write to
290: kernel memory under certain circumstances.</a>
1.279 deraadt 291: <li><a href=errata34.html#isakmpd>January 13, 2004:
1.266 brad 292: Several message handling flaws in isakmpd(8) have been reported
1.271 millert 293: by Thomas Walpuski.</a>
1.279 deraadt 294: <li><a href=errata34.html#ibcs2>November 17, 2003:
1.264 henning 295: It may be possible for a local user to overrun the stack in
296: compat_ibcs2(8) and cause a kernel panic.</a>
1.279 deraadt 297: <li><a href=errata34.html#asn1>November 1, 2003:
1.262 margarid 298: The use of certain ASN.1 encodings or malformed public keys may
299: allow an attacker to mount a denial of service attack against
300: applications linked with ssl(3).</a>
1.261 david 301: </ul>
302:
303: <p>
1.284 otto 304: OpenBSD 3.3 and earlier releases are not supported anymore. The following
305: paragraphs only list advisories issued while they were maintained; these
306: releases are likely to be affected by the advisories for more recent releases.
307: <br>
308:
1.261 david 309: <li>
1.288 matthieu 310: <a name="33"></a>
1.246 deraadt 311:
312: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 3.3 Security Advisories</font></h3>
313: These are the OpenBSD 3.3 advisories -- all these problems are solved
1.284 otto 314: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. The
315: <a href=stable.html>patch branch</a> for 3.3 is no longer being maintained,
316: you should update your machine.
1.246 deraadt 317: <p>
318: <ul>
1.281 otto 319: <li><a href=errata33.html#cvs> May 5, 2004:
320: Pathname validation problems have been found in cvs(1),
321: allowing clients and servers access to files outside the
322: repository or local CVS tree.</a>
1.277 millert 323: <li><a href=errata33.html#openssl> March 17, 2004:
324: A missing check for a NULL-pointer dereference may allow a
1.281 otto 325: remote attacker to crash applications using OpenSSL.</a>
1.276 brad 326: <li><a href=errata33.html#isakmpd2> March 17, 2004:
327: Defects in the payload validation and processing functions of
328: isakmpd have been discovered. An attacker could send malformed
329: ISAKMP messages and cause isakmpd to crash or to loop endlessly.</a>
1.275 brad 330: <li><a href=errata33.html#httpd2> March 13, 2004:
331: Due to a bug in the parsing of Allow/Deny rules for httpd(8)'s
332: access module, using IP addresses without a netmask on big endian
333: 64-bit platforms causes the rules to fail to match.</a>
334: <li><a href=errata33.html#ip6> February 8, 2004:
335: An IPv6 MTU handling problem exists that could be used by an
336: attacker to cause a denial of service attack.</a>
1.271 millert 337: <li><a href=errata33.html#sysvshm> February 5, 2004:
338: A reference counting bug in shmat(2) could be used to write to
339: kernel memory under certain circumstances.</a>
1.270 jose 340: <li><a href=errata33.html#isakmpd>January 15, 2004:
1.268 brad 341: Several message handling flaws in isakmpd(8) have been reported
1.271 millert 342: by Thomas Walpuski.</a>
1.264 henning 343: <li><a href=errata33.html#ibcs2>November 17, 2003:
344: It may be possible for a local user to execute arbitrary code
345: resulting in escalation of privileges due to a stack overrun
346: in compat_ibcs2(8).</a>
1.261 david 347: <li><a href=errata33.html#asn1>October 1, 2003:
1.257 millert 348: The use of certain ASN.1 encodings or malformed public keys may
349: allow an attacker to mount a denial of service attack against
350: applications linked with ssl(3).</a>
1.261 david 351: <li><a href=errata33.html#pfnorm>September 24, 2003:
1.258 beck 352: Access of freed memory in pf(4) could be used to
1.260 margarid 353: remotely panic a machine using scrub rules.</a>
1.261 david 354: <li><a href=errata33.html#sendmail>September 17, 2003:
1.256 millert 355: A buffer overflow in the address parsing in
356: sendmail(8) may allow an attacker to gain root privileges.</a>
1.261 david 357: <li><a href=errata33.html#sshbuffer>September 16, 2003:
1.255 millert 358: OpenSSH versions prior to 3.7 contains a buffer management error
359: that is potentially exploitable.</a>
1.261 david 360: <li><a href=errata33.html#sysvsem>September 10, 2003:
1.254 millert 361: Root may be able to reduce the security level by taking advantage of
362: an integer overflow when the semaphore limits are made very large.</a>
1.261 david 363: <li><a href=errata33.html#semget>August 20, 2003:
1.252 millert 364: An improper bounds check in the kernel may allow a local user
365: to panic the kernel.</a>
1.261 david 366: <li><a href=errata33.html#realpath>August 4, 2003:
1.249 millert 367: An off-by-one error exists in the C library function realpath(3)
368: may allow an attacker to gain escalated privileges.</a>
1.246 deraadt 369: </ul>
370:
1.265 miod 371:
1.247 david 372: <p>
1.246 deraadt 373: <li>
1.288 matthieu 374: <a name="32"></a>
1.224 deraadt 375:
376: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 3.2 Security Advisories</font></h3>
377: These are the OpenBSD 3.2 advisories -- all these problems are solved
1.265 miod 378: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. The
379: <a href=stable.html>patch branch</a> for 3.2 is no longer being maintained,
380: you should update your machine.
1.224 deraadt 381: <p>
382: <ul>
1.257 millert 383: <li><a href=errata32.html#asn1>October 1, 2003:
384: The use of certain ASN.1 encodings or malformed public keys may
385: allow an attacker to mount a denial of service attack against
386: applications linked with ssl(3). This does not affect OpenSSH.</a>
1.259 margarid 387: <li><a href=errata32.html#pfnorm>September 24, 2003:
1.258 beck 388: Access of freed memory in pf(4) could be used to
1.260 margarid 389: remotely panic a machine using scrub rules.</a>
1.256 millert 390: <li><a href=errata32.html#sendmail4>September 17, 2003:
391: A buffer overflow in the address parsing in
392: sendmail(8) may allow an attacker to gain root privileges.</a>
1.255 millert 393: <li><a href=errata32.html#sshbuffer>September 16, 2003:
394: OpenSSH versions prior to 3.7 contains a buffer management error
395: that is potentially exploitable.</a>
1.253 brad 396: <li><a href=errata32.html#sendmail3>August 25, 2003:
397: Fix for a potential security issue in
398: sendmail(8) with respect to DNS maps.</a>
1.249 millert 399: <li><a href=errata32.html#realpath>August 4, 2003:
400: An off-by-one error exists in the C library function realpath(3)
401: may allow an attacker to gain escalated privileges.</a>
1.244 miod 402: <li><a href=errata32.html#sendmail2>March 31, 2003:
403: A buffer overflow in the address parsing in
404: sendmail(8) may allow an attacker to gain root privileges.</a>
1.243 deraadt 405: <li><a href=errata32.html#kerberos>March 24, 2003:
1.242 millert 406: A cryptographic weaknesses in the Kerberos v4 protocol can be
407: exploited on Kerberos v5 as well.</a>
1.243 deraadt 408: <li><a href=errata32.html#kpr>March 19, 2003:
1.241 jufi 409: OpenSSL is vulnerable to an extension of the ``Bleichenbacher'' attack
1.240 miod 410: designed by Czech researchers Klima, Pokorny and Rosa.</a>
1.243 deraadt 411: <li><a href=errata32.html#blinding>March 18, 2003:
1.239 miod 412: Various SSL and TLS operations in OpenSSL are vulnerable to
413: timing attacks.</a>
1.243 deraadt 414: <li><a href=errata32.html#lprm>March 5, 2003:
1.238 millert 415: A buffer overflow in lprm(1) may allow an attacker to elevate
416: privileges to user daemon.</a>.
1.243 deraadt 417: <li><a href=errata32.html#sendmail>March 3, 2003:
1.237 miod 418: A buffer overflow in the envelope comments processing in
419: sendmail(8) may allow an attacker to gain root privileges.</a>
1.243 deraadt 420: <li><a href=errata32.html#httpd>February 25, 2003:
1.236 margarid 421: httpd(8) leaks file inode numbers via ETag header as well as
422: child PIDs in multipart MIME boundary generation. This could
423: lead, for example, to NFS exploitation because it uses inode
424: numbers as part of the file handle.</a>
1.243 deraadt 425: <li><a href=errata32.html#ssl>February 22, 2003:
1.234 margarid 426: In ssl(8) an information leak can occur via timing by performing
427: a MAC computation even if incorrect block cipher padding has
428: been found, this is a countermeasure. Also, check for negative
429: sizes, in allocation routines.</a>
1.243 deraadt 430: <li><a href=errata32.html#cvs>January 20, 2003:
1.232 millert 431: A double free exists in cvs(1) that could lead to privilege
432: escalation for cvs configurations where the cvs command is
1.233 margarid 433: run as a privileged user.</a>
1.243 deraadt 434: <li><a href=errata32.html#named>November 14, 2002:
1.230 millert 435: A buffer overflow exists in named(8) that could lead to a
436: remote crash or code execution as user named in a chroot jail.</a>
1.243 deraadt 437: <li><a href=errata32.html#pool>November 6, 2002:
1.233 margarid 438: A logic error in the pool kernel memory allocator could cause
439: memory corruption in low-memory situations, causing the system
440: to crash.</a>
1.243 deraadt 441: <li><a href=errata32.html#smrsh>November 6, 2002:
1.229 miod 442: An attacker can bypass smrsh(8)'s restrictions and execute
443: arbitrary commands with the privileges of his own account.</a>
1.243 deraadt 444: <li><a href=errata32.html#pfbridge>November 6, 2002:
1.233 margarid 445: Network bridges running pf with scrubbing enabled could cause
446: mbuf corruption, causing the system to crash.</a>
1.243 deraadt 447: <li><a href=errata32.html#kadmin>October 21, 2002:
1.228 miod 448: A buffer overflow can occur in the kadmind(8) daemon, leading
449: to possible remote crash or exploit.</a>
1.224 deraadt 450: </ul>
451:
1.227 miod 452: <p>
453: <li>
1.288 matthieu 454: <a name="31"></a>
1.203 deraadt 455:
456: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 3.1 Security Advisories</font></h3>
457: These are the OpenBSD 3.1 advisories -- all these problems are solved
1.258 beck 458: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. The
459: <a href=stable.html>patch branch</a> for 3.1 is no longer being maintained,
460: you should update your machine.
1.203 deraadt 461:
462: <p>
463: <ul>
1.244 miod 464: <li><a href=errata31.html#sendmail2>March 31, 2003:
465: A buffer overflow in the address parsing in
466: sendmail(8) may allow an attacker to gain root privileges.</a>
1.242 millert 467: <li><a href=errata31.html#kerberos>March 24, 2003:
468: A cryptographic weaknesses in the Kerberos v4 protocol can be
469: exploited on Kerberos v5 as well.</a>
1.240 miod 470: <li><a href=errata31.html#kpr>March 19, 2003:
1.241 jufi 471: OpenSSL is vulnerable to an extension of the ``Bleichenbacher'' attack
1.240 miod 472: designed by Czech researchers Klima, Pokorny and Rosa.</a>
1.239 miod 473: <li><a href=errata31.html#blinding>March 18, 2003:
474: Various SSL and TLS operations in OpenSSL are vulnerable to
475: timing attacks.</a>
1.238 millert 476: <li><a href=errata31.html#lprm>March 4, 2003:
477: A buffer overflow in lprm(1) may allow an attacker to gain
478: root privileges.</a>
1.237 miod 479: <li><a href=errata31.html#sendmail>March 3, 2003:
480: A buffer overflow in the envelope comments processing in
481: sendmail(8) may allow an attacker to gain root privileges.</a>
1.235 miod 482: <li><a href=errata31.html#ssl2>February 23, 2003:
483: In ssl(8) an information leak can occur via timing by performing
484: a MAC computation even if incorrect block cipher padding has
485: been found, this is a countermeasure. Also, check for negative
486: sizes, in allocation routines.</a>
1.232 millert 487: <li><a href=errata31.html#cvs>January 20, 2003:
488: A double free exists in cvs(1) that could lead to privilege
489: escalation for cvs configurations where the cvs command is
490: run as a privileged user.
1.230 millert 491: <li><a href=errata31.html#named>November 14, 2002:
492: A buffer overflow exists in named(8) that could lead to a
493: remote crash or code execution as user named in a chroot jail.</a>
1.229 miod 494: <li><a href=errata31.html#kernresource>November 6, 2002:
495: Incorrect argument checking in the getitimer(2) system call
496: may allow an attacker to crash the system.</a>
497: <li><a href=errata31.html#smrsh>November 6, 2002:
498: An attacker can bypass smrsh(8)'s restrictions and execute
499: arbitrary commands with the privileges of his own account.</a>
1.226 miod 500: <li><a href=errata31.html#kadmin>October 21, 2002:
501: A buffer overflow can occur in the kadmind(8) daemon, leading
502: to possible remote crash or exploit.</a>
1.224 deraadt 503: <li><a href=errata31.html#kerntime>October 2, 2002:
1.222 jason 504: Incorrect argument checking in the setitimer(2) system call
505: may allow an attacker to write to kernel memory.</a>
1.224 deraadt 506: <li><a href=errata31.html#scarg>August 11, 2002:
1.221 provos 507: An insufficient boundary check in the select system call
1.220 miod 508: allows an attacker to overwrite kernel memory and execute arbitrary code
509: in kernel context.</a>
1.224 deraadt 510: <li><a href=errata31.html#ssl>July 30, 2002:
1.218 miod 511: Several remote buffer overflows can occur in the SSL2 server and SSL3
512: client of the ssl(8) library, as in the ASN.1 parser code in the
513: crypto(3) library, all of them being potentially remotely
514: exploitable.</a>
1.224 deraadt 515: <li><a href=errata31.html#xdr>July 29, 2002:
1.218 miod 516: A buffer overflow can occur in the xdr_array(3) RPC code, leading to
517: possible remote crash.</a>
1.224 deraadt 518: <li><a href=errata31.html#pppd>July 29, 2002:
1.218 miod 519: A race condition exists in the pppd(8) daemon which may cause it to
520: alter the file permissions of an arbitrary file.</a>
1.224 deraadt 521: <li><a href=errata31.html#isakmpd>July 5, 2002:
1.218 miod 522: Receiving IKE payloads out of sequence can cause isakmpd(8) to
523: crash.</a>
1.224 deraadt 524: <li><a href=errata31.html#ktrace>June 27, 2002:
1.215 miod 525: The kernel would let any user ktrace set[ug]id processes.</a>
1.224 deraadt 526: <li><a href=errata31.html#modssl>June 26, 2002:
1.213 miod 527: A buffer overflow can occur in the .htaccess parsing code in
1.214 miod 528: mod_ssl httpd module, leading to possible remote crash or exploit.</a>
1.224 deraadt 529: <li><a href=errata31.html#resolver>June 25, 2002:
1.212 millert 530: A potential buffer overflow in the DNS resolver has been found.</a>
1.224 deraadt 531: <li><a href=errata31.html#sshd>June 24, 2002:
1.216 deraadt 532: All versions of OpenSSH's sshd between 2.3.1 and 3.3 contain an
1.213 miod 533: input validation error that can result in an integer overflow and
534: privilege escalation.</a>
1.224 deraadt 535: <li><a href=errata31.html#httpd>June 19, 2002:
1.211 miod 536: A buffer overflow can occur during the interpretation of chunked
537: encoding in httpd(8), leading to possible remote crash.</a>
1.224 deraadt 538: <li><a href=errata31.html#sshbsdauth>May 22, 2002:
1.209 markus 539: Under certain conditions, on systems using YP with netgroups
540: in the password database, it is possible that sshd(8) does
541: ACL checks for the requested user name but uses the password
542: database entry of a different user for authentication. This
543: means that denied users might authenticate successfully
544: while permitted users could be locked out.</a>
1.224 deraadt 545: <li><a href=errata31.html#fdalloc2>May 8, 2002:
1.208 millert 546: A race condition exists that could defeat the kernel's
547: protection of fd slots 0-2 for setuid processes.</a>
1.224 deraadt 548: <li><a href=errata31.html#sudo>April 25, 2002:
1.205 millert 549: A bug in sudo may allow an attacker to corrupt the heap.</a>
1.224 deraadt 550: <li><a href=errata31.html#sshafs>April 22, 2002:
1.205 millert 551: A local user can gain super-user privileges due to a buffer
552: overflow in sshd(8) if AFS has been configured on the system
553: or if KerberosTgtPassing or AFSTokenPassing has been enabled
554: in the sshd_config file.</a>
1.203 deraadt 555: </ul>
556:
1.235 miod 557: <p>
1.203 deraadt 558: <li>
1.288 matthieu 559: <a name="30"></a>
1.187 deraadt 560:
561: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 3.0 Security Advisories</font></h3>
562: These are the OpenBSD 3.0 advisories -- all these problems are solved
1.258 beck 563: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. The
564: <a href=stable.html>patch branch</a> for 3.0 is no longer being maintained,
565: you should update your machine.
1.187 deraadt 566:
567: <p>
568: <ul>
1.230 millert 569: <li><a href=errata30.html#named>November 14, 2002:
570: A buffer overflow exists in named(8) that could lead to a
571: remote crash or code execution as user named in a chroot jail.</a>
1.229 miod 572: <li><a href=errata30.html#kernresource>November 6, 2002:
573: Incorrect argument checking in the getitimer(2) system call
574: may allow an attacker to crash the system.</a>
575: <li><a href=errata30.html#smrsh>November 6, 2002:
576: An attacker can bypass smrsh(8)'s restrictions and execute
577: arbitrary commands with the privileges of his own account.</a>
1.226 miod 578: <li><a href=errata30.html#kadmin>October 21, 2002:
579: A buffer overflow can occur in the kadmind(8) daemon, leading
580: to possible remote crash or exploit.</a>
1.223 miod 581: <li><a href=errata30.html#kerntime>October 7, 2002:
582: Incorrect argument checking in the setitimer(2) system call
583: may allow an attacker to write to kernel memory.</a>
1.220 miod 584: <li><a href=errata30.html#scarg>August 11, 2002:
585: An insufficient boundary check in the select and poll system calls
586: allows an attacker to overwrite kernel memory and execute arbitrary code
587: in kernel context.</a>
1.218 miod 588: <li><a href=errata30.html#ssl>July 30, 2002:
589: Several remote buffer overflows can occur in the SSL2 server and SSL3
590: client of the ssl(8) library, as in the ASN.1 parser code in the
591: crypto(3) library, all of them being potentially remotely
592: exploitable.</a>
593: <li><a href=errata30.html#xdr>July 29, 2002:
594: A buffer overflow can occur in the xdr_array(3) RPC code, leading to
595: possible remote crash.</a>
596: <li><a href=errata30.html#pppd>July 29, 2002:
597: A race condition exists in the pppd(8) daemon which may cause it to
598: alter the file permissions of an arbitrary file.</a>
1.219 miod 599: <li><a href=errata30.html#isakmpd2>July 5, 2002:
1.218 miod 600: Receiving IKE payloads out of sequence can cause isakmpd(8) to
601: crash.</a>
1.215 miod 602: <li><a href=errata30.html#ktrace>June 27, 2002:
603: The kernel would let any user ktrace set[ug]id processes.</a>
1.212 millert 604: <li><a href=errata30.html#resolver>June 25, 2002:
605: A potential buffer overflow in the DNS resolver has been found.</a>
1.213 miod 606: <li><a href=errata30.html#sshdauth>June 24, 2002:
1.216 deraadt 607: All versions of OpenSSH's sshd between 2.3.1 and 3.3 contain an
1.213 miod 608: input validation error that can result in an integer overflow and
609: privilege escalation.</a>
610: <li><a href=errata30.html#modssl>June 24, 2002:
611: A buffer overflow can occur in the .htaccess parsing code in
1.214 miod 612: mod_ssl httpd module, leading to possible remote crash or exploit.</a>
1.213 miod 613: <li><a href=errata30.html#httpd>June 19, 2002:
614: A buffer overflow can occur during the interpretation of chunked
615: encoding in httpd(8), leading to possible remote crash.</a>
1.208 millert 616: <li><a href=errata30.html#fdalloc2>May 8, 2002:
617: A race condition exists that could defeat the kernel's
618: protection of fd slots 0-2 for setuid processes.</a>
1.205 millert 619: <li><a href=errata30.html#sudo2>April 25, 2002:
620: A bug in sudo may allow an attacker to corrupt the heap.</a>
621: <li><a href=errata30.html#sshafs>April 22, 2002:
622: A local user can gain super-user privileges due to a buffer
623: overflow in sshd(8) if AFS has been configured on the system
624: or if KerberosTgtPassing or AFSTokenPassing has been enabled
625: in the sshd_config file.</a>
1.203 deraadt 626: <li><a href=errata30.html#mail>April 11, 2002:
1.202 millert 627: The mail(1) was interpreting tilde escapes even when invoked
628: in non-interactive mode. As mail(1) is called as root from cron,
629: this can lead to a local root compromise.</a>
1.203 deraadt 630: <li><a href=errata30.html#approval>March 19, 2002:
1.201 millert 631: Under certain conditions, on systems using YP with netgroups in
632: the password database, it is possible for the rexecd(8) and rshd(8)
633: daemons to execute a shell from a password database entry for a
634: different user. Similarly, atrun(8) may change to the wrong
635: home directory when running jobs.</a>
1.203 deraadt 636: <li><a href=errata30.html#zlib>March 13, 2002:
1.200 millert 637: A potential double free() exists in the zlib library;
638: this is not exploitable on OpenBSD.
639: The kernel also contains a copy of zlib; it is not
640: currently known if the kernel zlib is exploitable.</a>
1.203 deraadt 641: <li><a href=errata30.html#openssh>March 8, 2002:
1.198 millert 642: An off-by-one check in OpenSSH's channel forwarding code
1.199 jufi 643: may allow a local user to gain super-user privileges.</a>
1.203 deraadt 644: <li><a href=errata30.html#ptrace>January 21, 2002:
1.192 jason 645: A race condition between the ptrace(2) and execve(2) system calls
646: allows an attacker to modify the memory contents of suid/sgid
647: processes which could lead to compromise of the super-user account.</a>
1.203 deraadt 648: <li><a href=errata30.html#sudo>January 17, 2002:
1.191 millert 649: There is a security hole in sudo(8) that can be exploited
650: when the Postfix sendmail replacement is installed that may
651: allow an attacker on the local host to gain root privileges.</a>
1.203 deraadt 652: <li><a href=errata30.html#lpd>November 28, 2001:
1.189 millert 653: An attacker can trick a machine running the lpd daemon into
654: creating new files in the root directory from a machine with
655: remote line printer access.</a>
1.203 deraadt 656: <li><a href=errata30.html#vi.recover>November 13, 2001:
1.188 millert 657: The vi.recover script can be abused in such a way as
658: to cause arbitrary zero-length files to be removed.</a>
1.203 deraadt 659: <li><a href=errata30.html#pf>November 13, 2001:
1.190 mpech 660: pf(4) was incapable of dealing with certain ipv6 icmp packets,
661: resulting in a crash.</a>
1.203 deraadt 662: <li><a href=errata30.html#sshd>November 12, 2001:
1.190 mpech 663: A security hole that may allow an attacker to partially authenticate
664: if -- and only if -- the administrator has enabled KerberosV.</a>
1.187 deraadt 665: </ul>
666:
667: <p>
668: <li>
1.288 matthieu 669: <a name="29"></a>
1.173 deraadt 670:
671: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.9 Security Advisories</font></h3>
672: These are the OpenBSD 2.9 advisories -- all these problems are solved
1.258 beck 673: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. The
674: <a href=stable.html>patch branch</a>. for 2.9 is no longer being maintained,
675: you should update your machine.
676:
1.173 deraadt 677:
678: <p>
679: <ul>
1.212 millert 680: <li><a href=errata29.html#resolver>June 25, 2002:
681: A potential buffer overflow in the DNS resolver has been found.</a>
1.208 millert 682: <li><a href=errata29.html#fdalloc2>May 8, 2002:
683: A race condition exists that could defeat the kernel's
684: protection of fd slots 0-2 for setuid processes.</a>
1.207 millert 685: <li><a href=errata29.html#sudo2>April 25, 2002:
686: A bug in sudo may allow an attacker to corrupt the heap.</a>
1.206 millert 687: <li><a href=errata29.html#sshafs>April 22, 2002:
688: A local user can gain super-user privileges due to a buffer
689: overflow in sshd(8) if AFS has been configured on the system
690: or if KerberosTgtPassing or AFSTokenPassing has been enabled
691: in the sshd_config file.</a>
1.202 millert 692: <li><a href=errata29.html#mail>April 11, 2002:
693: The mail(1) was interpreting tilde escapes even when invoked
694: in non-interactive mode. As mail(1) is called as root from cron,
695: this can lead to a local root compromise.</a>
1.200 millert 696: <li><a href=errata29.html#zlib>March 13, 2002:
697: A potential double free() exists in the zlib library;
698: this is not exploitable on OpenBSD.
699: The kernel also contains a copy of zlib; it is not
700: currently known if the kernel zlib is exploitable.</a>
1.198 millert 701: <li><a href=errata29.html#openssh>March 8, 2002:
702: An off-by-one check in OpenSSH's channel forwarding code
1.199 jufi 703: may allow a local user to gain super-user privileges.</a>
1.198 millert 704: <li><a href=errata29.html#ptrace>January 21, 2002:
705: A race condition between the ptrace(2) and execve(2) system calls
706: allows an attacker to modify the memory contents of suid/sgid
707: processes which could lead to compromise of the super-user account.</a>
1.191 millert 708: <li><a href=errata29.html#sudo>January 17, 2002:
709: There is a security hole in sudo(8) that can be exploited
710: when the Postfix sendmail replacement is installed that may
711: allow an attacker on the local host to gain root privileges.</a>
1.189 millert 712: <li><a href=errata29.html#lpd2>November 28, 2001:
713: An attacker can trick a machine running the lpd daemon into
714: creating new files in the root directory from a machine with
715: remote line printer access.</a>
1.190 mpech 716: <li><a href=errata29.html#vi.recover>November 13, 2001:
717: The vi.recover script can be abused in such a way as
718: to cause arbitrary zero-length files to be removed.</a>
1.185 deraadt 719: <li><a href=errata29.html#uucp>September 11, 2001:
1.184 millert 720: A security hole exists in uuxqt(8) that may allow an
721: attacker to gain root privileges.</a>
1.185 deraadt 722: <li><a href=errata29.html#lpd>August 29, 2001:
1.183 millert 723: A security hole exists in lpd(8) that may allow an
724: attacker to gain root privileges if lpd is running.</a>
1.185 deraadt 725: <li><a href=errata29.html#sendmail2>August 21, 2001:
1.181 millert 726: A security hole exists in sendmail(8) that may allow an
727: attacker on the local host to gain root privileges.</a>
1.185 deraadt 728: <li><a href=errata29.html#nfs>July 30, 2001:
1.180 jason 729: A kernel buffer overflow in the NFS code can be used to execute
730: arbitrary code by users with mount privileges (only root by
1.181 millert 731: default).</a>
1.185 deraadt 732: <li><a href=errata29.html#kernexec>June 15, 2001:
1.178 aaron 733: A race condition in the kernel can lead to local root compromise.</a>
1.185 deraadt 734: <li><a href=errata29.html#sshcookie>June 12, 2001:
1.177 markus 735: sshd(8) allows users to delete arbitrary files named "cookies"
736: if X11 forwarding is enabled. X11 forwarding is disabled
737: by default.</a>
1.185 deraadt 738: <li><a href=errata29.html#fts>May 30, 2001:
1.176 millert 739: Programs using the fts routines can be tricked into changing
740: into the wrong directory.</a>
1.185 deraadt 741: <li><a href=errata29.html#sendmail>May 29, 2001:
1.174 millert 742: Sendmail signal handlers contain unsafe code,
743: leading to numerous race conditions.</a>
1.173 deraadt 744: </ul>
745:
746: <p>
747: <li>
1.288 matthieu 748: <a name="28"></a>
1.152 deraadt 749:
750: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.8 Security Advisories</font></h3>
751: These are the OpenBSD 2.8 advisories -- all these problems are solved
1.258 beck 752: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. The
753: <a href=stable.html>patch branch</a>. for 2.8 is no longer being maintained,
754: you should update your machine.
755:
1.152 deraadt 756:
757: <p>
758: <ul>
1.184 millert 759: <li><a href=errata28.html#uucp>September 11, 2001:
760: A security hole exists in uuxqt(8) that may allow an
761: attacker to gain root privileges.</a>
1.183 millert 762: <li><a href=errata28.html#lpd>August 29, 2001:
763: A security hole exists in lpd(8) that may allow an
764: attacker to gain root privileges if lpd is running.</a>
1.181 millert 765: <li><a href=errata28.html#sendmail2>August 21, 2001:
766: A security hole exists in sendmail(8) that may allow an
767: attacker on the local host to gain root privileges.</a>
1.178 aaron 768: <li><a href=errata28.html#kernexec>June 15, 2001:
769: A race condition in the kernel can lead to local root compromise.</a>
1.176 millert 770: <li><a href=errata28.html#fts>May 30, 2001:
771: Programs using the fts routines can be tricked into changing
772: into the wrong directory.</a>
1.175 millert 773: <li><a href=errata28.html#sendmail>May 29, 2001:
774: Sendmail signal handlers contain unsafe code,
775: leading to numerous race conditions.</a>
1.173 deraadt 776: <li><a href=errata28.html#ipf_frag>Apr 23, 2001:
1.231 mickey 777: IPF contains a serious bug with its handling of fragment caching.</a>
1.173 deraadt 778: <li><a href=errata28.html#glob_limit>Apr 23, 2001:
1.172 ericj 779: ftpd(8) contains a potential DoS relating to glob(3).</a>
1.173 deraadt 780: <li><a href=errata28.html#glob>Apr 10, 2001:
1.170 ericj 781: The glob(3) library call contains multiple buffer overflows.</a>
1.173 deraadt 782: <li><a href=errata28.html#readline>Mar 18, 2001:
1.169 millert 783: The readline library creates history files with permissive modes based on the user's umask.</a>
1.173 deraadt 784: <li><a href=errata28.html#ipsec_ah>Mar 2, 2001:
1.167 ericj 785: Insufficient checks in the IPSEC AH IPv4 option handling code can lead to a buffer overrun in the kernel.</a>
1.173 deraadt 786: <li><a href=errata28.html#userldt>Mar 2, 2001:
1.168 horacio 787: The <b>USER_LDT</b> kernel option allows an attacker to gain access to privileged areas of kernel memory.</a>
1.173 deraadt 788: <li><a href=errata28.html#sudo>Feb 22, 2001:
1.171 millert 789: a non-exploitable buffer overflow was fixed in sudo(8).</a>
1.173 deraadt 790: <li><a href=errata28.html#named>Jan 29, 2001:
1.163 jason 791: merge named(8) with ISC BIND 4.9.8-REL, which fixes some buffer vulnerabilities.</a>
1.173 deraadt 792: <li><a href=errata28.html#rnd>Jan 22, 2001:
1.162 jason 793: rnd(4) did not use all of its input when written to.</a>
1.173 deraadt 794: <li><a href=errata28.html#xlock>Dec 22, 2000:
1.159 ericj 795: xlock(1)'s authentication was re-done to authenticate via a named pipe. (patch and new xlock binaries included).</a>
1.173 deraadt 796: <li><a href=errata28.html#procfs>Dec 18, 2000:
1.157 ericj 797: Procfs contains numerous overflows. Procfs is not used by default in OpenBSD. (patch included).</a>
1.173 deraadt 798: <li><a href=errata28.html#kerberos2>Dec 10, 2000:
1.156 deraadt 799: Another problem exists in KerberosIV libraries (patch included).</a>
1.173 deraadt 800: <li><a href=errata28.html#kerberos>Dec 7, 2000:
1.155 deraadt 801: A set of problems in KerberosIV exist (patch included).</a>
1.173 deraadt 802: <li><a href=errata28.html#ftpd>Dec 4, 2000:
1.154 millert 803: A single-byte buffer overflow exists in ftpd (patch included).</a>
1.152 deraadt 804: </ul>
805:
806: <p>
807: <li>
1.288 matthieu 808: <a name="27"></a>
1.124 deraadt 809:
810: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.7 Security Advisories</font></h3>
811: These are the OpenBSD 2.7 advisories -- all these problems are solved
812: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. Obviously, all the
813: OpenBSD 2.6 advisories listed below are fixed in OpenBSD 2.7.
814:
815: <p>
816: <ul>
1.169 millert 817: <li><a href=errata27.html#readline>Mar 18, 2001:
818: The readline library creates history files with permissive modes based on the user's umask.</a>
819: <li><a href=errata27.html#sudo>Feb 22, 2001:
820: a buffer overflow was fixed in sudo(8).</a>
1.154 millert 821: <li><a href=errata27.html#ftpd>Dec 4, 2000:
822: A single-byte buffer overflow exists in ftpd (patch included).</a>
1.152 deraadt 823: <li><a href=errata27.html#sshforwarding>Nov 10, 2000:
824: Hostile servers can force OpenSSH clients to do agent or X11 forwarding.
825: (patch included)</a>
826: <li><a href=errata27.html#xtrans>Oct 26, 2000:
1.151 matthieu 827: X11 libraries have 2 potential overflows in xtrans code.
828: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 829: <li><a href=errata27.html#httpd>Oct 18, 2000:
1.150 beck 830: Apache mod_rewrite and mod_vhost_alias modules could expose files
831: on the server in certain configurations if used.
832: (patch included)</a>
1.164 deraadt 833: <li><a href=errata27.html#telnetd>Oct 10, 2000:
1.149 millert 834: The telnet daemon does not strip out the TERMINFO, TERMINFO_DIRS,
835: TERMPATH and TERMCAP environment variables as it should.
836: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 837: <li><a href=errata27.html#format_strings>Oct 6, 2000:
1.148 millert 838: There are printf-style format string bugs in several privileged
839: programs. (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 840: <li><a href=errata27.html#curses>Oct 6, 2000:
1.147 millert 841: libcurses honored terminal descriptions in the $HOME/.terminfo
842: directory as well as in the TERMCAP environment variable for
843: setuid and setgid applications.
1.146 deraadt 844: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 845: <li><a href=errata27.html#talkd>Oct 6, 2000:
1.146 deraadt 846: A format string vulnerability exists in talkd(8).
847: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 848: <li><a href=errata27.html#pw_error>Oct 3, 2000:
1.145 aaron 849: A format string vulnerability exists in the pw_error() function of the
850: libutil library, yielding localhost root through chpass(1).
851: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 852: <li><a href=errata27.html#ipsec>Sep 18, 2000:
1.144 jason 853: Bad ESP/AH packets could cause a crash under certain conditions.
854: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 855: <li><a href=errata27.html#xlock>Aug 16, 2000:
1.141 deraadt 856: A format string vulnerability (localhost root) exists in xlock(1).
857: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 858: <li><a href=errata27.html#X11_libs>July 14, 2000:
1.139 deraadt 859: Various bugs found in X11 libraries have various side effects, almost
860: completely denial of service in OpenBSD.
861: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 862: <li><a href=errata27.html#ftpd>July 5, 2000:
1.136 deraadt 863: Just like pretty much all the other unix ftp daemons
864: on the planet, ftpd had a remote root hole in it.
865: Luckily, ftpd was not enabled by default.
1.137 deraadt 866: The problem exists if anonymous ftp is enabled.
1.136 deraadt 867: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 868: <li><a href=errata27.html#mopd>July 5, 2000:
1.136 deraadt 869: Mopd, very rarely used, contained some buffer overflows.
870: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 871: <li><a href=errata27.html#libedit>June 28, 2000:
1.135 deraadt 872: libedit would check for a <b>.editrc</b> file in the current
873: directory. Not known to be a real security issue, but a patch
874: is available anyways.
875: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 876: <li><a href=errata27.html#dhclient>June 24, 2000:
1.134 deraadt 877: A serious bug in dhclient(8) could allow strings from a
878: malicious dhcp server to be executed in the shell as root.
879: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 880: <li><a href=errata27.html#isakmpd>June 9, 2000:
1.133 deraadt 881: A serious bug in isakmpd(8) policy handling wherein
882: policy verification could be completely bypassed in isakmpd.
883: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 884: <li><a href=errata27.html#uselogin>June 6, 2000:
1.132 deraadt 885: The non-default flag UseLogin in <b>/etc/sshd_config</b> is broken,
886: should not be used, and results in security problems on
887: other operating systems.</a>
1.152 deraadt 888: <li><a href=errata27.html#bridge>May 26, 2000:
1.129 deraadt 889: The bridge(4) <i>learning</i> flag may be bypassed.
1.128 deraadt 890: (patch included)</a>
1.152 deraadt 891: <li><a href=errata27.html#ipf>May 25, 2000:
1.127 kjell 892: Improper use of ipf <i>keep-state</i> rules can result
893: in firewall rules being bypassed. (patch included)</a>
894:
1.124 deraadt 895: </ul>
896:
897: <p>
898: <li>
1.288 matthieu 899: <a name="26"></a>
1.119 deraadt 900:
901: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.6 Security Advisories</font></h3>
902: These are the OpenBSD 2.6 advisories -- all these problems are solved
903: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. Obviously, all the
904: OpenBSD 2.5 advisories listed below are fixed in OpenBSD 2.6.
905:
906: <p>
907: <ul>
1.130 deraadt 908: <li><a href=errata26.html#semconfig>May 26, 2000:
909: SYSV semaphore support contained an undocumented system call
1.131 deraadt 910: which could wedge semaphore-using processes from exiting. (patch included)</a>
1.127 kjell 911: <li><a href=errata26.html#ipf>May 25, 2000:
912: Improper use of ipf <i>keep-state</i> rules can result
913: in firewall rules being bypassed. (patch included)</a>
1.126 deraadt 914: <li><a href=errata26.html#xlockmore>May 25, 2000:
1.125 deraadt 915: xlockmore has a bug which a localhost attacker can use to gain
916: access to the encrypted root password hash (which is normally
1.245 miod 917: encoded using blowfish</a> (see
1.125 deraadt 918: <a href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=crypt&sektion=3">
919: crypt(3)</a>)
1.245 miod 920: (patch included).
1.126 deraadt 921: <li><a href=errata26.html#procfs>Jan 20, 2000:
1.123 deraadt 922: Systems running with procfs enabled and mounted are
923: vulnerable to a very tricky exploit. procfs is not
924: mounted by default.
925: (patch included).</a>
1.190 mpech 926: <li><a href=errata26.html#sendmail>Dec 4, 1999:
927: Sendmail permitted any user to cause a aliases file wrap,
928: thus exposing the system to a race where the aliases file
929: did not exist.
1.119 deraadt 930: (patch included).</a>
1.190 mpech 931: <li><a href=errata26.html#poll>Dec 4, 1999:
932: Various bugs in poll(2) may cause a kernel crash.</a>
1.126 deraadt 933: <li><a href=errata26.html#sslUSA>Dec 2, 1999:
1.120 deraadt 934: A buffer overflow in the RSAREF code included in the
935: USA version of libssl, is possibly exploitable in
936: httpd, ssh, or isakmpd, if SSL/RSA features are enabled.
1.124 deraadt 937: (patch included).<br></a>
938: <strong>Update:</strong> Turns out that this was not exploitable
939: in any of the software included in OpenBSD 2.6.
1.190 mpech 940: <li><a href=errata26.html#ifmedia>Nov 9, 1999:
941: Any user could change interface media configurations, resulting in
942: a localhost denial of service attack.
1.121 deraadt 943: (patch included).</a>
1.119 deraadt 944: </ul>
945:
946: <p>
947: <li>
1.288 matthieu 948: <a name="25"></a>
1.106 deraadt 949:
1.110 deraadt 950: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.5 Security Advisories</font></h3>
1.93 deraadt 951: These are the OpenBSD 2.5 advisories -- all these problems are solved
952: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. Obviously, all the
953: OpenBSD 2.4 advisories listed below are fixed in OpenBSD 2.5.
954:
1.96 deraadt 955: <p>
1.104 deraadt 956: <ul>
1.117 deraadt 957: <li><a href=errata25.html#cron>Aug 30, 1999:
1.103 deraadt 958: In cron(8), make sure argv[] is NULL terminated in the
959: fake popen() and run sendmail as the user, not as root.
960: (patch included).</a>
1.117 deraadt 961: <li><a href=errata25.html#miscfs>Aug 12, 1999: The procfs and fdescfs
1.101 deraadt 962: filesystems had an overrun in their handling of uio_offset
963: in their readdir() routines. (These filesystems are not
964: enabled by default). (patch included).</a>
1.117 deraadt 965: <li><a href=errata25.html#profil>Aug 9, 1999: Stop profiling (see profil(2))
1.100 deraadt 966: when we execve() a new process. (patch included).</a>
1.117 deraadt 967: <li><a href=errata25.html#ipsec_in_use>Aug 6, 1999: Packets that should have
1.98 deraadt 968: been handled by IPsec may be transmitted as cleartext.
969: PF_KEY SA expirations may leak kernel resources.
970: (patch included).</a>
1.117 deraadt 971: <li><a href=errata25.html#rc>Aug 5, 1999: In /etc/rc, use mktemp(1) for
1.97 deraadt 972: motd re-writing and change the find(1) to use -execdir
973: (patch included).</a>
1.117 deraadt 974: <li><a href=errata25.html#chflags>Jul 30, 1999: Do not permit regular
1.95 deraadt 975: users to chflags(2) or fchflags(2) on character or block devices
976: which they may currently be the owner of (patch included).</a>
1.117 deraadt 977: <li><a href=errata25.html#nroff>Jul 27, 1999: Cause groff(1) to be invoked
1.95 deraadt 978: with the -S flag, when called by nroff(1) (patch included).</a>
1.93 deraadt 979: </ul>
980:
1.106 deraadt 981: <p>
982: <li>
1.288 matthieu 983: <a name="24"></a>
1.235 miod 984:
1.110 deraadt 985: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.4 Security Advisories</font></h3>
1.75 deraadt 986: These are the OpenBSD 2.4 advisories -- all these problems are solved
987: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. Obviously, all the
988: OpenBSD 2.3 advisories listed below are fixed in OpenBSD 2.4.
989:
1.96 deraadt 990: <p>
1.75 deraadt 991: <ul>
1.92 deraadt 992: <li><a href=errata24.html#poll>Mar 22, 1999: The nfds argument for poll(2) needs
1.91 deraadt 993: to be constrained, to avoid kvm starvation (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 994: <li><a href=errata24.html#tss>Mar 21, 1999: A change in TSS handling stops
1.91 deraadt 995: another kernel crash case caused by the <strong>crashme</strong>
996: program (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 997: <li><a href=errata24.html#nlink>Feb 25, 1999: An unbounded increment on the
1.90 deraadt 998: nlink value in FFS and EXT2FS filesystems can cause a system crash.
1.89 deraadt 999: (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 1000: <li><a href=errata24.html#ping>Feb 23, 1999: Yet another buffer overflow
1.88 deraadt 1001: existed in ping(8). (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 1002: <li><a href=errata24.html#ipqrace>Feb 19, 1999: ipintr() had a race in use of
1.87 deraadt 1003: the ipq, which could permit an attacker to cause a crash.
1004: (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 1005: <li><a href=errata24.html#accept>Feb 17, 1999: A race condition in the
1.86 deraadt 1006: kernel between accept(2) and select(2) could permit an attacker
1007: to hang sockets from remote.
1008: (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 1009: <li><a href=errata24.html#maxqueue>Feb 17, 1999: IP fragment assembly can
1.85 deraadt 1010: bog the machine excessively and cause problems.
1011: (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 1012: <li><a href=errata24.html#trctrap>Feb 12, 1999: i386 T_TRCTRAP handling and
1.84 deraadt 1013: DDB interacted to possibly cause a crash.
1014: (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 1015: <li><a href=errata24.html#rst>Feb 11, 1999: TCP/IP RST handling was sloppy.
1.83 deraadt 1016: (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 1017: <li><a href=errata24.html#bootpd>Nov 27, 1998: There is a remotely exploitable
1.81 deraadt 1018: problem in bootpd(8). (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 1019: <li><a href=errata24.html#termcap>Nov 19, 1998: There is a possibly locally
1.82 deraadt 1020: exploitable problem relating to environment variables in termcap
1021: and curses. (patch included).</a>
1.92 deraadt 1022: <li><a href=errata24.html#tcpfix>Nov 13, 1998: There is a remote machine lockup
1.78 deraadt 1023: bug in the TCP decoding kernel. (patch included).</a>
1.75 deraadt 1024: </ul>
1025:
1.106 deraadt 1026: <p>
1027: <li>
1.288 matthieu 1028: <a name="23"></a>
1.235 miod 1029:
1.110 deraadt 1030: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.3 Security Advisories</font></h3>
1.73 deraadt 1031: These are the OpenBSD 2.3 advisories -- all these problems are solved
1032: in <a href=anoncvs.html>OpenBSD current</a>. Obviously, all the
1033: OpenBSD 2.2 advisories listed below are fixed in OpenBSD 2.3.
1.53 matthieu 1034:
1.96 deraadt 1035: <p>
1.53 matthieu 1036: <ul>
1.81 deraadt 1037: <li><a href=errata23.html#bootpd>Nov 27, 1998: There is a remotely exploitable
1038: problem in bootpd(8). (patch included).</a>
1.78 deraadt 1039: <li><a href=errata23.html#tcpfix>Nov 13, 1998: There is a remote machine lockup
1040: bug in the TCP decoding kernel. (patch included).</a>
1.190 mpech 1041: <li><a href=errata23.html#resolver>August 31, 1998: A benign looking resolver
1042: buffer overflow bug was re-introduced accidentally (patches included).</a>
1043: <li><a href=errata23.html#chpass>Aug 2, 1998:
1044: chpass(1) has a file descriptor leak which allows an
1045: attacker to modify /etc/master.passwd.</a>
1046: <li><a href=errata23.html#inetd>July 15, 1998: Inetd had a file descriptor leak.</a>
1.76 aaron 1047: <li><a href=errata23.html#fdalloc>Jul 2, 1998: setuid and setgid processes
1.72 deraadt 1048: should not be executed with fd slots 0, 1, or 2 free.
1049: (patch included).</a>
1.76 aaron 1050: <li><a href=errata23.html#xlib>June 6, 1998: Further problems with the X
1.71 deraadt 1051: libraries (patches included).</a>
1.76 aaron 1052: <li><a href=errata23.html#kill>May 17, 1998: kill(2) of setuid/setgid target
1.66 deraadt 1053: processes too permissive (4th revision patch included).</a>
1.76 aaron 1054: <li><a href=errata23.html#immutable>May 11, 1998: mmap() permits partial bypassing
1.60 deraadt 1055: of immutable and append-only file flags. (patch included).</a>
1.190 mpech 1056: <li><a href=errata23.html#ipsec>May 5, 1998: Incorrect handling of IPSEC packets
1057: if IPSEC is enabled (patch included).</a>
1.76 aaron 1058: <li><a href=errata23.html#xterm-xaw>May 1, 1998: Buffer overflow in xterm and Xaw
1.58 deraadt 1059: (CERT advisory VB-98.04) (patch included).</a>
1.53 matthieu 1060: </ul>
1.9 deraadt 1061:
1.106 deraadt 1062: <p>
1063: <li>
1.288 matthieu 1064: <a name="22"></a>
1.235 miod 1065:
1.110 deraadt 1066: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.2 Security Advisories</font></h3>
1.45 deraadt 1067: These are the OpenBSD 2.2 advisories. All these problems are solved
1.55 deraadt 1068: in <a href=23.html>OpenBSD 2.3</a>. Some of these problems
1.45 deraadt 1069: still exist in other operating systems. (The supplied patches are for
1070: OpenBSD 2.2; they may or may not work on OpenBSD 2.1).
1.9 deraadt 1071:
1.96 deraadt 1072: <p>
1.9 deraadt 1073: <ul>
1.72 deraadt 1074: <li><a href=errata22.html#ipsec>May 5, 1998: Incorrect handling of IPSEC
1075: packets if IPSEC is enabled (patch included).</a>
1076: <li><a href=errata22.html#xterm-xaw>May 1, 1998: Buffer overflow in xterm
1077: and Xaw (CERT advisory VB-98.04) (patch included).</a>
1078: <li><a href=errata22.html#uucpd>Apr 22, 1998: Buffer overflow in uucpd
1079: (patch included).</a>
1080: <li><a href=errata22.html#rmjob>Apr 22, 1998: Buffer mismanagement in lprm
1081: (patch included).</a>
1082: <li><a href=errata22.html#ping>Mar 31, 1998: Overflow in ping -R (patch included).</a>
1083: <li><a href=errata22.html#named>Mar 30, 1998: Overflow in named fake-iquery
1.59 deraadt 1084: (patch included).</a>
1.72 deraadt 1085: <li><a href=errata22.html#mountd>Mar 2, 1998: Accidental NFS filesystem
1086: export (patch included).</a>
1.112 philen 1087: <li><a href="advisories/mmap.txt">Feb 26, 1998: Read-write mmap() flaw.</a>
1.72 deraadt 1088: Revision 3 of the patch is available <a href=errata22.html#mmap>here</a>
1.112 philen 1089: <li><a href="advisories/sourceroute.txt">Feb 19, 1998: Sourcerouted Packet
1.59 deraadt 1090: Acceptance.</a>
1.50 deraadt 1091: A patch is available <a href=errata22.html#sourceroute>here</a>.
1.122 rohee 1092: <li><a href=errata22.html#ruserok>Feb 13, 1998: Setuid coredump & Ruserok()
1.72 deraadt 1093: flaw (patch included).</a>
1094: <li><a href=errata22.html#ldso>Feb 9, 1998: MIPS ld.so flaw (patch included).</a>
1.1 deraadt 1095: </ul>
1096:
1.106 deraadt 1097: <p>
1098: <li>
1.288 matthieu 1099: <a name="21"></a>
1.235 miod 1100:
1.110 deraadt 1101: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.1 Security Advisories</font></h3>
1.52 deraadt 1102: These are the OpenBSD 2.1 advisories. All these problems are solved
1103: in <a href=22.html>OpenBSD 2.2</a>. Some of these problems still
1104: exist in other operating systems. (If you are running OpenBSD 2.1, we
1105: would strongly recommend an upgrade to the newest release, as this
1106: patch list only attempts at fixing the most important security
1107: problems. In particular, OpenBSD 2.2 fixes numerous localhost
1108: security problems. Many of those problems were solved in ways which
1109: make it hard for us to provide patches).
1110:
1.96 deraadt 1111: <p>
1.52 deraadt 1112: <ul>
1.112 philen 1113: <li><a href="advisories/signals.txt">Sep 15, 1997: Deviant Signals (patch included)</a>
1114: <li><a href="advisories/rfork.txt">Aug 2, 1997: Rfork() system call flaw
1.59 deraadt 1115: (patch included)</a>
1.112 philen 1116: <li><a href="advisories/procfs.txt">Jun 24, 1997: Procfs flaws (patch included)</a>
1.52 deraadt 1117: </ul>
1.51 deraadt 1118:
1.106 deraadt 1119: <p>
1120: <li>
1.288 matthieu 1121: <a name="20"></a>
1.235 miod 1122:
1.110 deraadt 1123: <h3><font color=#e00000>OpenBSD 2.0 Security Advisories</font></h3>
1.99 deraadt 1124: These are the OpenBSD 2.0 advisories. All these problems are solved
1125: in <a href=21.html>OpenBSD 2.1</a>. Some of these problems still
1126: exist in other operating systems. (If you are running OpenBSD 2.0, we
1127: commend you for being there back in the old days!, but you're really
1128: missing out if you don't install a new version!)
1129:
1130: <p>
1131: <ul>
1.112 philen 1132: <li><a href="advisories/res_random.txt">April 22, 1997: Predictable IDs in the
1.99 deraadt 1133: resolver (patch included)</a>
1134: <li>Many others... if people can hunt them down, please let me know
1135: and we'll put them up here.
1136: </ul>
1137:
1.106 deraadt 1138: </dl>
1.51 deraadt 1139: <p>
1.106 deraadt 1140:
1.288 matthieu 1141: <a name="watching"></a>
1.110 deraadt 1142: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Watching our Changes</font></h3><p>
1.106 deraadt 1143:
1.21 deraadt 1144: Since we take a proactive stance with security, we are continually
1145: finding and fixing new security problems. Not all of these problems
1.80 espie 1146: get widely reported because (as stated earlier) many of them are not
1.45 deraadt 1147: confirmed to be exploitable; many simple bugs we fix do turn out to
1148: have security consequences we could not predict. We do not have the
1149: time resources to make these changes available in the above format.<p>
1.21 deraadt 1150:
1151: Thus there are usually minor security fixes in the current source code
1152: beyond the previous major OpenBSD release. We make a limited
1.45 deraadt 1153: guarantee that these problems are of minimal impact and unproven
1.44 ian 1154: exploitability. If we discover that a problem definitely matters for
1.45 deraadt 1155: security, patches will show up here <strong>VERY</strong> quickly.<p>
1.21 deraadt 1156:
1.45 deraadt 1157: People who are really concerned with security can do a number of
1158: things:<p>
1.21 deraadt 1159:
1160: <ul>
1161: <li>If you understand security issues, watch our
1.27 deraadt 1162: <a href=mail.html>source-changes mailing list</a> and keep an
1.23 deraadt 1163: eye out for things which appear security related. Since
1.21 deraadt 1164: exploitability is not proven for many of the fixes we make,
1165: do not expect the relevant commit message to say "SECURITY FIX!".
1166: If a problem is proven and serious, a patch will be available
1167: here very shortly after.
1.161 horacio 1168: <li>In addition to source changes, you can watch our <a href="mail.html">
1.160 ericj 1169: security-announce mailing list</a> which will notify you for every
1.186 ian 1170: security related item that the OpenBSD team deems as a possible threat,
1.160 ericj 1171: and instruct you on how to patch the problem.
1.21 deraadt 1172: <li>Track our current source code tree, and teach yourself how to do a
1.29 deraadt 1173: complete system build from time to time (read /usr/src/Makefile
1174: carefully). Users can make the assumption that the current
1175: source tree always has stronger security than the previous release.
1.45 deraadt 1176: However, building your own system from source code is not trivial;
1.265 miod 1177: it is nearly 600MB of source code, and problems do occur as we
1.45 deraadt 1178: transition between major releases.
1.115 ericj 1179: <li>Install a binary snapshot for your
1.80 espie 1180: architecture, which are made available fairly often. For
1.29 deraadt 1181: instance, an i386 snapshot is typically made available weekly.
1.21 deraadt 1182: </ul>
1183:
1.9 deraadt 1184: <p>
1.288 matthieu 1185: <a name="reporting"></a>
1.110 deraadt 1186: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Reporting problems</font></h3><p>
1.3 deraadt 1187:
1.5 deraadt 1188: <p> If you find a new security problem, you can mail it to
1.6 deraadt 1189: <a href=mailto:deraadt@openbsd.org>deraadt@openbsd.org</a>.
1.7 deraadt 1190: <br>
1.5 deraadt 1191: If you wish to PGP encode it (but please only do so if privacy is very
1.112 philen 1192: urgent, since it is inconvenient) use this <a href="advisories/pgpkey.txt">pgp key</a>.
1.5 deraadt 1193:
1.107 deraadt 1194: <p>
1.288 matthieu 1195: <a name="papers"></a>
1.110 deraadt 1196: <li><h3><font color=#e00000>Further Reading</font></h3><p>
1.107 deraadt 1197:
1198: A number of papers have been written by OpenBSD team members, about security
1199: related changes they have done in OpenBSD. The postscript versions of these
1.108 deraadt 1200: documents are available as follows.<p>
1.107 deraadt 1201:
1202: <ul>
1.113 deraadt 1203: <li>A Future-Adaptable Password Scheme.<br>
1.118 deraadt 1204: <a href=events.html#usenix99>Usenix 1999</a>,
1.153 jufi 1205: by <a href=mailto:provos@openbsd.org>Niels Provos</a>,
1.113 deraadt 1206: <a href=mailto:dm@openbsd.org>David Mazieres</a>.<br>
1.107 deraadt 1207: <a href=papers/bcrypt-paper.ps>paper</a> and
1208: <a href=papers/bcrypt-slides.ps>slides</a>.
1.113 deraadt 1209: <p>
1210: <li>Cryptography in OpenBSD: An Overview.<br>
1.118 deraadt 1211: <a href=events.html#usenix99>Usenix 1999</a>,
1.113 deraadt 1212: by <a href=mailto:deraadt@openbsd.org>Theo de Raadt</a>,
1213: <a href=mailto:niklas@openbsd.org>Niklas Hallqvist</a>,
1214: <a href=mailto:art@openbsd.org>Artur Grabowski</a>,
1215: <a href=mailto:angelos@openbsd.org>Angelos D. Keromytis</a>,
1216: <a href=mailto:provos@openbsd.org>Niels Provos</a>.<br>
1.107 deraadt 1217: <a href=papers/crypt-paper.ps>paper</a> and
1218: <a href=papers/crypt-slides.ps>slides</a>.
1.113 deraadt 1219: <p>
1220: <li>strlcpy and strlcat -- consistent, safe, string copy and concatenation.<br>
1.118 deraadt 1221: <a href=events.html#usenix99>Usenix 1999</a>,
1.113 deraadt 1222: by <a href=mailto:millert@openbsd.org>Todd C. Miller</a>,
1223: <a href=mailto:deraadt@openbsd.org>Theo de Raadt</a>.<br>
1.109 deraadt 1224: <a href=papers/strlcpy-paper.ps>paper</a> and
1225: <a href=papers/strlcpy-slides.ps>slides</a>.
1.113 deraadt 1226: <p>
1.118 deraadt 1227: <li>Dealing with Public Ethernet Jacks-Switches, Gateways, and Authentication.<br>
1228: <a href=events.html#lisa99>LISA 1999</a>,
1229: by <a href=mailto:beck@openbsd.org>Bob Beck</a>.<br>
1230: <a href=papers/authgw-paper.ps>paper</a> and
1231: <a href=papers/authgw-slides.ps>slides</a>.
1232: <p>
1.153 jufi 1233: <li>Encrypting Virtual Memory<br>
1.142 deraadt 1234: <a href=events.html#sec2000>Usenix Security 2000</a>,
1235: <a href=mailto:provos@openbsd.org>Niels Provos</a>.<br>
1.143 provos 1236: <a href=papers/swapencrypt.ps>paper</a> and
1237: <a href=papers/swapencrypt-slides.ps>slides</a>.
1.142 deraadt 1238: <p>
1.107 deraadt 1239: </ul>
1240:
1.106 deraadt 1241: </dl>
1242:
1.2 deraadt 1243: <hr>
1.68 pauls 1244: <a href=index.html><img height=24 width=24 src=back.gif border=0 alt=OpenBSD></a>
1.24 deraadt 1245: <a href=mailto:www@openbsd.org>www@openbsd.org</a>
1246: <br>
1.289 ! beck 1247: <small>$OpenBSD: security.html,v 1.288 2004/05/30 19:49:08 matthieu Exp $</small>
1.1 deraadt 1248:
1.24 deraadt 1249: </body>
1250: </html>
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